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Waterproof layer: a material layer designed to prevent indoor water, other water or groundwater from entering the roof, penetrating walls, basements and underground structures, and penetrating floors and walls.
The requirements for the ideal waterproof layer can be simply summarized as impervious to water after construction and impervious to water during the design life, and is economical. This requires the waterproof layer not only to maintain good integrity, but also to have a certain ability to resist external damage.
- Chinese name
- Waterproof course
- Foreign name
- Waterproof layer
- ocular
- Prevent rainwater from entering the roof
- Waterproof type
- Indoor water, other water or groundwater
It is clearly pointed out in the "construction Code for National Residential Decoration Engineering" that the waterproof layer should be extended from the ground to the wall, 100 mm higher than the ground; The waterproof layer of the bathroom wall shall not be less than 1800 mm. Must do the closed water experiment: will the bathroom all
sewer
Block, and build a 250 mm high "sill" in the door, fill 200 mm high water, 24 to 72 hours later, confirm that there is no leakage can be tile.
In addition, its conventional construction sequence is: after the completion of hydropower, backfill, leveling,
waterproof
, water test, tile.
Base surface requirements: clean, otherwise easy to be lost due to puncture during construction
waterproof
Function; The moisture content is not more than 9%, otherwise it will form the "two skins" phenomenon of the separation of the base surface and the waterproof layer. In Chongqing, the perennial humidity is high, and the construction sequence of the toilet is backfill, mortar leveling, waterproof, and tile, and the worker master will carry out waterproof construction after the mortar layer solidified, which can not be reached
Coating application
The moisture content of the base surface is not greater than 9%, and the waterproof effect of the best material will be reduced.
Waterproof layer setting and standard construction method: it is necessary to brush 2 to 3 times, otherwise the glass fiber cloth should be added, and the thickness of the cured material for each brush shall not be less than 1 mm, and the next construction should be carried out after it is completely dry (about 5-8 hours). After painting, it should still be in
Paint waterproof layer
Make a mortar protective layer on top, and finally paste the tile.
Waterproof course
Suitable for adoption
Higher fatty acid
class
Mortar waterproofing agent
. Such as
Royale mortar waterproofing agent
.
Base surface requirements: the debris can be cleaned up, can be wet
Cardinal plane
Construction, and because it must be stirred
Cement mortar
For waterproof construction, the material is the same as that of the screed layer, and the waterproof layer has a high binding degree with the base surface.
Waterproof layer setting and standard construction method: no need to use other
Waterproof material
In combination with the use of waterproof agent mixing cement sand according to the following methods can exceed the durability of the national waterproof layer.
Spray water to moisten the base, but no standing water.
Wall: the total thickness of the waterproof layer (waterproof mortar + waterproof mortar) is not less than 10 mm, the height is not less than 1800 mm. First, use waterproofing agent and cement (1:3) to mix into waterproof mortar and brush one to two times, the total thickness is 2 mm; 20 minutes after the waterproof pigment mortar surface dry, with waterproof agent and cement, sand (1:2:6) stir
Waterproof mortar
Spread on the base surface, thickness of 8 mm; 24 hours
Waterproof mortar
After the layer solidifies, spray water to conserve or paste tiles.
Ground: the total thickness of the waterproof layer (waterproof mortar + waterproof mortar) is not less than 20 mm. First, use waterproofing agent and cement (1:3) to mix into waterproof pigment mortar and brush once or twice, the total thickness is 2 mm, the root of the floor drain, casing and sanitary ware as the key waterproof part, to make "r" Angle; 20 minutes after the waterproof pigment mortar surface dry, with waterproof agent and cement, sand (1:2:6) stir
Waterproof mortar
Spread on the base surface, thickness of 18 mm, should be smoothed, compacted; 24 hours after the waterproof mortar layer solidified, do the water test first, and then paste the tile.
Whether it is the prefabricated panel or the roof of the cast-in-place structure, Jiacheng should be "rigid and flexible" (rigid material and flexible material) for waterproof construction in accordance with the relevant national norms.
The requirements for the ideal waterproof layer can be simply summarized as impervious to water after construction and impervious to water during the design life, and is economical. This requires the waterproof layer not only to maintain good integrity, but also to have a certain ability to resist external damage.
[1]
The base surface is clean, the moisture content is not more than 9%, smooth and dense, and the end of each node is neat and complete, meeting the requirements.
(1) Laying flexible waterproof layer, choose paint or coil can be. Its construction conditions require that the moisture content of the base surface is not more than 9%, so it is suitable for construction in summer after hot weather and even sunny for 5 days. After completion, water storage experiments should be done.
(2) If you do paint waterproof, take "one cloth and two coats" as an example: after cleaning the base, brush the paint once, dry into a film, lay a layer of glass fiber cloth
Matrix reinforcement material
And brush a layer of paint on the flattened surface to fix it, and dry it again
Coating application
. The total thickness of the waterproof film should be more than 3 mm.
(3) If done
Waterproof coil
Construction, after cleaning the base, on the opposite side of the coil and
Basic level
Brush adhesive, paste from far to near according to the good reference line, roll, and finally do the joint inspection.
paving
Rigid waterproof layer
The construction should be carried out about two days after the completion of the first flexible waterproof layer, mainly to
Higher fatty acid
class
Mortar waterproofing agent
Cement, sand, fine stone aggregate, fiber as the basic materials, waterproof layer thickness should be 20-30 mm.
1, according to the requirements of the code to install the grid bar, the grid is set to 4000 mm ×4000 mm. Then spray water to moisten the base, but no standing water.
2, according to the order from far to near, first high and then low, the prepared mortar or
Fine stone concrete
The construction is carried out one by one, and the same cell is completed at one time, flattening and compacting.
3, after the initial setting, take out the dividing wood, press and trim the dividing seam.
4. Adopt flexibility
Sealing material
Insert the partition joint, and close the surface of the treatment. After completion of construction, pay attention to water maintenance.
5, if there is roof planting soil, it should be covered with planting soil in the shortest possible time.
New basement, reservoir, retaining wall, before backfilling in the outer (
Upstream face
) Spread and paste
Waterproof coil
Or brush
Waterproof coating
Construction, but the completed basement, reservoir and new tunnel, etc., can only be waterproof construction on the back surface, and it is humid all the year round, difficult to dry, and poor ventilation conditions
Waterproof material
It is necessary to choose the construction on the wet base, and it is non-toxic, tasteless and pollution-free to ensure the safety of construction personnel and environmental protection after construction. Because the water surface waterproof is easier to select materials and construction, and considering that the forum is mostly decoration companies and owners, there are more cases of waterproofing on the back surface, so the waterproof construction on the back surface is mainly introduced:
Flexible materials (waterproof coils or coatings) cannot be used for construction. Because the waterproof layer of this kind of material is not highly integrated with the mortar base, the impermeability pressure can be low on the back water surface, the waterproof layer is easy to drum, fall off, and it is difficult to play a waterproof role, and the construction environment, the paint has volatile irritating odor, and also affects the health and safety of workers.
Suitable for use
Higher fatty acid
class
Mortar waterproofing agent
It can not only ensure safe construction, but also achieve the effect of waterproof on the back surface.
The construction method is roughly the same, but the waterproof layer must also be set according to its actual environment and situation (the number of construction passes, the thickness of each pass, etc.). The following takes the basement as an example:
1. Spray water to moisten the base surface, but there should be no water.
2, wall: the total thickness of the waterproof layer (waterproof mortar + waterproof mortar) is not less than 20 mm. First, use waterproof agent and cement to mix into waterproof pigment mortar and brush one to two times, the total thickness is 2 mm; 20 minutes after the surface of the waterproof mortar dry, with waterproof agent and cement, sand mixed into waterproof mortar in two times on the base surface, the first thickness of 8 mm, after the initial setting, and then wipe the second 10 mm. 24 hours after the waterproof mortar layer solidified, sprinkling water maintenance.
3, the ground: the total thickness of the waterproof layer (waterproof mortar + waterproof mortar) is not less than 20 mm. The construction process is the same as the wall, the waterproof mortar can only be applied once with a thickness of 18 mm, and should be smoothed and compacted. 24 hours after the waterproof mortar layer solidified, sprinkling water maintenance.
1. Waterproof layer durability: refers to the roof waterproof layer can meet the normal use requirements of the period.
[1]
2. A waterproof fortification: a waterproof layer with a separate waterproof ability.
3.
Asphalt waterproof coil
: The base paper, fiber fabric, fiber felt and other matrix materials are dipped with asphalt, and the surface is sprinkled with powder, granular or sheet materials to make a crimeable sheet
Waterproof material
.
4.
High polymer modified asphalt waterproof coil
: With synthetic polymer modified asphalt as the coating layer, fiber fabric or fiber felt as the matrix, powder, granular, flake or
Thin film material
A crimp sheet waterproof material is made for the covering material.
5.
Synthetic polymer waterproof coil
: With synthetic rubber,
Synthetic resin
Or the blend of both of them is the base material, adding an appropriate amount of chemical additives and fillers, etc., through different processes to form a crimable sheet waterproof material, or the above materials and synthetic fibers are combined to form two or more layers of crimable sheet waterproof material.
6. Lengma King Di fat: cold asphalt cementing material prepared by petroleum asphalt, filler, solvent, etc.
7. Base treatment agent: for enhancement
Waterproof material
The adhesive force between the base and the waterproof layer is pre-painted on the base before the construction of the waterproof layer.
8. Partition seam: In order to reduce cracks, the roof leveling layer,
Rigid waterproof layer
, rigid protective layer on the pre-arranged seam. The rigid protective layer is only formed into a V-shaped groove on the surface, which is called the surface partition joint.
9. Full adhesion method (full adhesion method) : When the waterproof material is pasted, the construction method of the coil and the base is all bonded.
10. Empty shop method: shop paste
Waterproof coil
When, the coil and the base are only bonded within a certain width around, and the rest of the construction method is not bonded.
11. Strip paste method: Spread paste
Waterproof coil
The construction method of strip bonding is adopted between the coil and the base. Each sheet and the base bond surface is not less than two, each width is not less than 150mm.
12. Spot bonding method: When the waterproof coil is pasted, the coil or punched coil is used as the construction method of spot bonding with the base. There are not less than 5 points per square meter, and the area of each point is 100mm ×100mm.
13. Hot melt method: The construction method of using the flame heater to melt the hot sol of the bottom layer of the hot melt waterproof coil for bonding.
14. Cold bonding method (cold construction) : Adhesive or Leng Ma Wang Di grease is used to bond the coil to the base, the coil to the coil, without heating construction method. 15. Self-adhesive method: The waterproof coil with self-adhesive is used, and the construction method of bonding is carried out without hot construction or cementing material.
16. Hot air welding method: The construction method of using hot air welding gun for waterproof coil bonding and lap bonding.
17.
Asphalt based waterproof coating
: Water-emulsion or solvent-based waterproof coating prepared with asphalt as the base material.
18. Polymers
Modified asphalt waterproof coating
: asphalt as the base material, modified with synthetic polymer, prepared into a water-emulsion or solvent-based
Waterproof coating
.
19.
Synthetic polymer waterproof coating
: in order to
Synthetic rubber
or
Synthetic resin
For the main film forming material, prepared into a single component or multi-component waterproof coating.
20.
Matrix reinforcement material
: means in
Film waterproofing
Chemical fiber non-woven fabric, glass fiber mesh fabric and other materials for reinforcement in the layer.
21. Modified asphalt sealing material: with asphalt as the base material, with an appropriate amount of synthesis
High molecular polymer
The paste sealing material is modified by adding filler and other chemical additives.
22. Synthetic polymer sealing material: to
Synthetic polymer material
Mainly, adding an appropriate amount of chemical additives, fillers and colorants, through a specific production process processed paste sealing material.
23. Joint displacement: In the roof system, the joint gap changes due to temperature and external force.
24. Stretch-compression cyclicity: Reflection
Sealing material
During use, the joint displacement caused by temperature changes is subjected to periodic tension and pressure cycles, and the ability to maintain sealing is maintained.
25. Backing material: In order to control the insertion depth of the sealing material and prevent the sealing material from sticking to the bottom of the joint, a deformable material is set between the bottom of the joint and the sealing material.
26. Block rigid waterproof layer: the waterproof cement mortar infiltrated into the waterproof agent is the bottom waterproof layer, and the middle is paved with quick materials such as clay bricks, and then the waterproof cement sand grouting is used to fill the joint and spread the waterproof surface layer.
27. Overhead insulation roof: thin products made of sintered clay or concrete, covered on the roof waterproof layer and set up a certain height of space, the use of air flow to speed up heat dissipation, play a role in the insulation of the roof.
28. Water storage roof: a roof that stores a certain height of water on the waterproof layer of the roof to play a role in heat insulation.
29. Planting roof: Covering the waterproof layer of the roof with soil or laying loose materials such as sawdust and vermiculite, and planting plants to play a role in insulating the roof.
30. Inverted roof: will be hydrophobic
Thermal insulation material
A roof arranged on a waterproof layer.
31.
Molded steel plate
: in order to
Galvanized steel sheet
It is a light roofing material which is rolled by forming machine and coated with various anticorrosive and corrosion-resistant coating and colored baking paint.
