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Golden eagle (Scientific name:
Aquila chrysaetos
) : Belonging to the genus Accipitidae
Bird of prey
. It is 76-102 cm long, has a wingspan of 2.3 m, and weighs 2-6.5 kg. Male and female. In adolescence, the head and neck are yellow-brown; The base of the two wing feathers except the outermost three are decorated with white, and the rest of the body is dark brown; The tail is grayish white, the tip is black; The wings and tail of adult individuals are not white, and the plumage of the head and pillow is golden-brown. The tarsometatarsus is completely covered with feathers.
It lives in forests, grasslands, deserts and other environments, and is generally active in plateaus, mountains, and hilly areas, with the highest altitude of more than 4000 meters. In winter, they often go to the mountains and hills at lower elevations and the plains at the foot of the mountains. During the breeding season, the nest is built in the hollow of the valley cliff, and occasionally in tall trees. Golden eagles are known for their agile flight and feed on medium and large birds and beasts. It is distributed in temperate zone, subcold zone and cold zone of the northern hemisphere.
(Overview map Reference source:
[1]
)
- Chinese name
- Golden eagle
- Latin name
- Aquila chrysaetos
- alias
- Golden vulture , Old eagle , White carving , Vulturine eagle
- Foreign name
-
Golden Eagle
French Aigle Royal
In Arabic, the official name of the official name is the official name of the official name - world
- animalia
- The door
- Chordate phylum
- The outline
- ornithae
- Orders,
- accipitriformes
- Families,
- accipiter
- Belong to
- Euaetus
- Kind of
- Golden eagle
- subphyla
- Vertebrate subphyla
- subclass
- Ornithae
- subfamily
- Glyptoideae
- subspecies
- 6 Subspecies [2]
- Namers and years
- Linnaeus, 1758
- Protection level
- No risk (LC) IUCN Standard, China" National list of wildlife under special protection Level 1 [3] [8]
Golden eagles are large birds of prey. Dark brown on the top of the head, long feather tips from the hind head to the hind neck, dark russet brown on the base, golden yellow on the tip, with dark brown plumage. The upper body is dark brown, the shoulders are light, and the back and shoulders are slightly purple luster; The upper cover of the tail is light brown, the tip is nearly black brown, and the tail feathers are gray brown, with irregular dark gray brown stripes and a broad dark brown end spot; On the wing
covert
Dark russet brown, lighter tip, light russet brown. The primary feathers are black brown, and the inner base of the inner primary feathers is gray white, with disorganized black brown stripes or markings; The secondary feathers are dark brown, with grayish white markings on the base, and dark brown ear feathers. Chin, throat and foreneck black brown, feather base white; The chest and abdomen are also dark brown, and the axial feathers are light. The leg feathers, undertail feathers, underwing feathers and axillary feathers are dark brown, and the leg feathers have red longitudinal lines.
[4]
Juveniles are roughly similar to adults but darker in body color, with the first juveniles having white tail feathers with broad black end spots and flying feathers
Inner web
White at base, forming white spots under wings; After the second year, the tail white and underwing white spots gradually decreased, and the undertail cover changed from brown to russet to dark russet.
[4]
iris
Chestnut brown, black at the tip of the mouth, bluish-brown or blue-gray at the base (
nestling
Mouth lead gray, mouth split yellow),
Wax film
And yellow toes, black claws.
Size measurement: weight 2000-5900 grams, ♀3260-5500 grams; The body length is 785-912mm, ♀ 825-1015mm; Rostral peaks 36-46 mm, ♀40-46 mm; The wings are 582-670 mm, ♀635-695 mm; Tail ♂330-445 mm, ♀352-432 mm; Tarsus 99-115 mm, ♀99-128 mm.
[4]
(Note: ♂ males; ♀ female)
Golden eagle
Golden eagles live in forests, grasslands, deserts and river valleys. In winter, they are often active in low mountains, hills and plain areas at the foot of mountains. The highest distribution area is more than 4000 meters above sea level. During the day, they often perch on the tops of rocky cliffs and tall trees in open areas to observe the surrounding situation. Hunt in meadows, bushes, hills and foothills.
[4]
The legs of the golden eagle are all covered with feathers, and the feet are three toes forward and one toe backward. On the toes are thick and long horny claws as sharp as a liger, and the claws on the inner and back toes are sharper. When it catches its prey, its claws are able to Pierce the vital parts of the prey at the same time like a sharp blade, tearing flesh, tearing blood vessels, and even breaking the neck of the prey. Its huge wings are also one of its powerful weapons, and sometimes a fan will pass, and it can knock prey to the ground.
[4]
They are usually active alone or in pairs, sometimes in smaller groups in winter, but occasionally large groups of about 20 individuals can be seen. Golden eagles are good at soaring and gliding. They often glide in a straight line or hover in a circle in the high air while looking down at the ground for prey. The two wings are raised slightly in the shape of "V", and the direction, height, speed and flying posture of flight are controlled by subtle adjustment of the wings and tail. When the target is found, the wings are folded and dive at a very high speed, and at the last moment, the wings are extended to slow down, while the head of the prey is firmly grasped, and the claw is thrust into the skull of the prey, killing it immediately. It preys on dozens of prey, such as geese and ducks, pheasants, roe deer, deer, goats, foxes, marmots, hares and so on, and sometimes eats mice and other small animals. When the larger prey is caught, it is dismembered on the ground, and the good meat and internal parts such as the heart, liver, and lungs are eaten first, and then the rest is divided into two parts and brought back to the roost place in batches.
[4]
After training, the golden eagle can chase the Wolf long distance on the grassland, and when the Wolf is tired, one claw grabs its neck, one claw grabs its eyes, so that the Wolf loses the ability to resist, there has been a golden eagle has captured 14 wolves. In contrast, it is less capable of carrying, carrying less than 1 kg. When the larger prey is caught, it is dismembered on the ground, and the good meat and internal parts such as the heart, liver, and lungs are eaten first, and then the rest is divided into two parts and brought back to the roost place in batches.
[4]
Kazakh
In addition to hunting, the most important use of the trained golden eagle is to guard the sheep pen. They chase away wolves on the Kazakh grasslands in Xinjiang. When looking at the corral, there is no shepherd around.
[4]
Resident bird
: Afghanistan, Andorra, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Italy, Jordan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Moldova, North Macedonia, Oman, Palestine, Portugal, Romania, Russia (Central Asia and Europe), Saudi Arabia, Slovenia Finland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom and Yemen.
[3]
Breeding ground: Albania, Armenia, Bhutan, Bosnia and Herzegovina, China, India, Israel, Japan, Kazakhstan, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Mali, Mongolia, Montenegro, Nepal, Norway, Pakistan, Poland, Russia (East Asia), Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, United States, Uzbekistan and Western Sahara Desert.
[3]
Origin: Algeria, Canada, Denmark, Egypt, Ethiopia, Georgia, Greece, Libya, Mauritania, Mexico, Morocco, Myanmar, Russia and Tunisia.
[3]
Non-breeding places: Czech Republic, Lebanon and Lithuania.
Wandering: Belgium, Cyprus, Gibraltar, Malta and the Netherlands.
Passing bird
: Saint Pierre and Miquelon Islands.
Extinction and Wandering: Ireland.
Wandering (non-breeding grounds) : Kuwait.
[3]
In China, Shangzhi, Dianhe, Harbin, Qiqihar, Mudanjiang, Jiamusi, Suihua, Yichun, Greater Hinggan Mountains, Baicheng, Tonghua, Yanbian, Jilin, Benxi, Dandong, Dalian, Jinzhou, Chaoyang, Hulun Buir of Inner Mongolia, Kunlun Mountains and Tianshan Mountains of western Xinjiang, Xining, Menyuan, Qinghai Lake, Wuwei, Wudu, Wenxian, Gannan, Hexi, Lanzhou in Gansu, Yanbei, Xinzhou, Taiyuan, Luliang, Jinzhong, Shangdang, Linfen, Yuncheng in Shanxi, Fangshan, Huairou, Miyun in Beijing, Shaanxi, Hubei, Guiding, Xingyi in Guizhou, Chengkou, Fengjie, Wuxi in Chongqing, Batang, Wanyuan, Jinyang, Kangding, Shiqu, Maoxian, Wenchuan, Guangyuan, Jintang, Resident or traveller in western Yunnan and the Himalayas.
[4]
Golden eagle distribution map
Golden eagle egg
Golden eagle nest and eggs
If there is not enough food in the nest, the larger chick that hatches first will often attack the smaller chick that hatches later. If the lack of food for a short period of time, the smaller chicks are able to avoid the ability to cause serious consequences. If the parent birds cannot bring back food for a long time, sibling cannibalism is inevitable, and the larger chick will often peck the smaller chick to death. The parent birds also often feed the dead chicks as food to the chicks below them.
[4]
|
Chinese name
|
Scientific name
|
Namers and years
|
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
1
|
Aquila chrysaetos canadensis
|
Linnaeus, 1758
|
|
|
2
|
Aquila chrysaetos chrysaetos
|
Linnaeus, 1758
|
|
|
3
|
Aquila chrysaetos daphanea
|
Severtzov, 1888
|
|
|
4
|
Aquila chrysaetos homeyeri
|
Severtzov, 1888
|
|
|
5
|
Aquila chrysaetos japonica
|
Severtzov, 1888
|
|
|
6
|
Aquila chrysaetos kamtschatica
|
Severtzov, 1888
|
[2]
The global population of golden eagles is estimated to be around 300,000, equivalent to 200,000 mature adults (Flight Science Council Partners, 2013). The European population is estimated at 9,300-12,300 pairs, equivalent to 18,500-24,500 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015). Europe accounts for about 16% of the global population, so preliminary estimates of the global population size are 116,00-153,000 mature individuals, although further verification is needed. Prophylactically, the species population is placed in 100,000-200,000 adult individuals.
Evidence of trend: Over the past 40 years (up to 2015), the population trend of this species in North America has been stable. In Europe, population size is estimated to be increasing (BirdLife International, 2015), but given the small proportion of European populations in the global total, the overall trend is thought to be stable.
[3]
At the start of 2008, the airport in Bari, Italy, is about to have a special "security guard" - a huge one
eagle
Its job is to keep nearby foxes and hares away from the airstrip.
Pilots who have flown to Bari Airport have long complained that foxes and hares are frequently seen on the runway, causing safety hazards during takeoff and landing, and the airport has even been temporarily closed on several occasions. Bari Airport handles nearly two million passengers a year, and the economic cost of closing the runway is huge.
The airport has used many traditional methods to keep the critters away, such as putting up fences and spraying insect repellent, but with little success. In fact, this problem also makes the world's airports at a loss, such as the United States airport generally use ultrasound, poison and trappers and other methods to deal with those "uninvited guests", but such as Barry airport let a large bird of prey to complete the task, in the world is the first.
The security guard at Bari airport is a golden eagle called Cheyenne, which some airport officials believe is too extravagant to use to keep away animals, as such an eagle can cost up to £7,500.
The golden eagle Cheyenne has a wingspan of an astonishing 2.3 meters and is the only eagle in Europe responsible for repelling harmful animals. The six-month-old bird of prey, which grew up in Germany, can pick up objects weighing up to 18.2kg - three times its own weight.
She's in complete control of the airport and the surrounding forest, and the terrified foxes are hiding in the trees for now. Barry airport officials hope Cheyenne will increase its deterrent and keep the animals completely out of the airport's perimeter fence, especially when they start giving birth in a few months.
[5]
On January 3, 2022, during the New Year's Festival, the reporter from
Giant panda National Park
Tangjiahe District was informed that on January 2, when Xiao Fei, a ranger of Tangjiahe Reserve, and his colleagues were patrolling in the field, they captured the precious picture of the golden eagle, a national key protected animal, "flying proudly with a small chamois".
[6]
On February 9, 2022, golden eagles were found in the Baima River section of Xindu District, Xingtai city, Hebei province. This is the first discovery in Xingtai City.
[9]
In December 2023, the 12th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress of Ganzi Prefecture reviewed and passed a resolution today, and selected the golden eagle as the "state bird" of Ganzi Prefecture.
[10]
