- Chinese name
- Artistic life [2]
- Generic type
- Talk show
- emcee
- Zhu Jun
- Theme song
- No one will sleep tonight [11-12]
- Production country/region
- Chinese mainland
- Direct performance
- Zhan Guohui, Bi Fujian , Cypress pine , Liu Xin , Li Xiaolei
- Production company
- CCTV Variety Channel
- Premiere time
- 22 December 2000
- Broadcast time
- Every Wednesday at 13:57
- Network playback platform
- CCTV network
- Broadcast status
- No longer available
- Duration per episode
- 50 minutes
- dramatize
- Ma Ning, Li Qian, ZHANG Yafei
- Producer
- Wang Zheng
- Last issue
- December 30, 2017
"Art Life" is a talk show launched by CCTV on December 22, 2000. Each episode invites a star in the field of literature and art. Together with the host and the audience, we reminisce about past art and past life and discuss life and the world.
With its unique perspective, sincere emotional exchange, incisive detail description and ups and downs narrative structure, "Art Life" distinguishes itself from some kitsch star entertainment programs, so it has maintained a high audience rating since its opening at the end of 2000. In essence,
Television art
In fact, it is a kind of narrative art. The success of the program "Art Life" is largely due to the unique narrative perspective design and the ingenious combination of narrative elements.
Channel director
|
Lang Kun
|
emcee
|
|
Producer
|
Wang Zheng
|
Production director
|
Li Guangzhi
|
editor-in-chief
|
Ma Ning, Li Qian
|
Write and direct
|
LAN Jie, Liu Xiangyu, Li Xiaolei, Zhong Wen, Jia Ming, Zhang Mingwen, Zhang Yafei
|
plan
|
Zhong Siqian
|
Film production group
|
Liu Guo-zheng, Zhang Zheng, Yang Yi
|
Co-ordination section
|
Huang Chiba, Zhao Fan
|
The year 2010
CCTV3 premiere time
|
Topic/Remarks
|
Chief guest
|
January 06 (Wed) 20:35
|
Warm 2009 (Intensive Edition)
|
|
January 13 (Wed) 20:35
|
Dancing life
|
Jia Zuoguang (Mongolian Dance)
|
January 20 (Wed) 20:35
|
Music and Life class
|
Jin Tielin (Vocal)
|
January 27th (Wed) 20:35
|
Nightingale Returns
|
Diribel (coloratura soprano)
|
February 3rd (Wednesday) 20:35
|
Brothers face to face
|
Sun Zhou (Director)/Sun Chun (Actor)
|
February 10th (Wednesday) 20:35
|
A literary mind carved a tiger
|
Feng Dazhong (painting a tiger)
|
February 17th (Wednesday) 20:35
|
Shut down
|
-
|
February 24th (Wednesday) 20:35
|
The Way to Happiness (Part 1)
|
Han Ying, Sun Song, ZHANG Shaohua, YAN Minqiu
|
March 3rd (Wed) 20:35
|
The Way to Happiness (Part 2)
|
Hao Aimin, Tong Zhengwei, YAN Xuejing
|
March 10 (Wed) 20:35
|
together
|
Qu Xianhe, Zhang Yunying (actor)
|
March 17th (Wed) 20:35
|
Proposal 2010
|
Han Meilin, FENG Jicai, Ni Ping, GONG Hanlin, Tai Lihua, Tan Jing
|
March 24th (Wed) 20:35
|
Life class
|
Fang Cheng (Comic)
|
March 31 (Wed) 20:35
|
Experience the classic opera Sister Jiang
|
Yan Su, Yang Ming, JIANG Chunyang, JIANG Zu-ying, SUN Shaolan, TIE Jin, WANG Li
|
April 05 (Mon) 20:35
|
Clear and bright
|
Yu Dan, HAO Aimin, KANG Hui, SUN Yue, QU Xiangdong, Wu Gang, FENG Yuanzheng, NI Ping, Zhao Heng
|
April 07 (Wed) 20:35
|
The head is white and the song is not old
|
Fu Gengchen
|
April 14 (Wed) 20:35
|
Life Lessons (Replay)
|
Fang Cheng (Comic)
|
April 21 (Wed) 20:35
|
The opera master looks back
|
Guo Lan-ying, LUO Min-chi, LIU Shi-Ming, TIAN Chuan, HU Shi-ping, GUO Shu-zhen, LIU Shirong
|
April 28 (Wed) 20:35
|
Reading brightens the mind
|
Shen Chang-Wen, LAN Tian-Ye, BI Shumin, WAN Fang
|
May 05 (Wed) 20:35
|
Life behind the scenes
|
Zhang Heping
|
May 12 (Wed) 20:35
|
Kung fu
|
Donnie Yen
|
May 19 (Wed) 20:35
|
Ten years (1)
|
Wang Jieshi, Sambo
|
May 26 (Wed) 20:35
|
Life Lessons (1)
|
Zhang Jingchu, Guan Ling
|
June 2nd (Wed) 20:35
|
Long tune of life
|
Rasurong (Mongolian tenor)
|
June 09 (Wed) 20:35
|
Ten Years (2)
|
Wang Gang
|
June 16 (Wed) 20:35
|
Dragon Boat Festival
|
Lin Qingxuan, Wu Xiaobo, Yu Dan, Cao Jingxing, CAI Zhizhong, Yan Geling, TENG Junjie, Dashan
|
June 23 (Wed) 20:35
|
Life Lessons (2)
|
Li Yundi, Jiang Xiaohan, GUO Jingming
|
June 30 (Wed) 20:35
|
Ten years (3)
|
Xu Fan
|
July 07 (Wed) 20:35
|
On and off the field
|
Zhao Yishan (Music Listening)
|
July 14 (Wed) 20:35
|
Ten years (4)
|
Li Guyi
, Huang Xiaoming
|
July 21 (Wed) 20:35
|
On the wings of song
|
Lv Jihong
|
July 28 (Wed)
|
Shut down
|
-
|
August 04 (Wed)
|
Shut down
|
-
|
Aug 18 (Wed)
|
Shut down
|
-
|
Aug 25 (Wed)
|
Shut down
|
-
|
Sep 01 (Wed)
|
Shut down
|
-
|
September 8th (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Air Star Cluster (Part 1)
|
-
|
September 15 (Wed) 21:30
|
Air Star Cluster (Part 2)
|
-
|
September 22 (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Mid-Autumn Festival album
|
|
September 29 (Wed) 21:30
|
Behind the laughter
|
|
October 06 (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Shut down
|
-
|
Wednesday, October 13, 21:30
|
Ten years (5)
|
|
Wednesday, October 20, 21:30
|
Special gathering
|
|
Wednesday, October 27, 21:30
|
Happy performance, happy life
|
|
Wednesday, November 3rd, 21:30
|
Leave again at fifty
|
-
|
Wednesday, November 10, 21:30
|
Ten years (6), laughter
|
Liu Huan
Zhao Benshan
|
November 17 (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Ten years (7), the age of pattern
|
|
24 November (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Color of light and shadow
|
|
December 1st (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Ten years (8), special gathering
|
Dream of Red Mansions crew, Journey to the West crew
|
December 3rd (Wednesday) 21:30
|
Deep love
|
毛岸英剧组
|
The year 2011
2011-12-09: Happiness · Threesome
2011-12-08: Stage story
2011-12-07: Stage · Story
2011-12-06: Yan Weiwen Steel Gun Rose
2011-12-05: Yan Weiwen Steel Gun Rose
2011-11-25: Special reunion
2011-11-08: Behind the scenes of the 1911 Revolution
2011-10-30: Story of Light and Shadow
2011-10-29: The dream of Li Yugang's life map
2011-10-28: Meng Tingwei beautiful life
2011-10-26: Charm of light and shadow
2011-10-25: Selected Chinese films
2011-10-24: Charm of light and shadow
2011-09-25: Yan Xuejing sings while walking
2011-09-24: Inside the play and outside the play Zhao Wenxuan
2011-09-23: Niu Li Meili life
2011-09-22: In spring
Xu Yajun
2011-09-21: Liao Changyong Aria
2011-09-20: The power of example
2011-09-19: The power of example
2011-08-07: The sound of the river is still
2011-08-06: Li Xuejian good life peace
2011-08-05: Li Xuejian good life peace
2011-08-04: Green Imagination
2011-08-03: Green Imagination
2011-08-02: Boiling deck
2011-08-01: Boiling deck
2011-05-14: Brother even Gao Yalin Hong Jiantao
2011-05-13: Star out of the mountain corner
2011-05-12: Find the strength to move forward
2011-05-10: Shabao Liang all-around master
2011-05-09: Life begins
2011-04-01: Zhang Jiayi's simple happiness
2011-03-31: Star family
2011-03-29: The story behind the sound
2011-03-28: Zhu Shimao friends play life
2011-01-12: Warm 2010 refined edition
2011-01-05: Warm 2010 edition
The year 2012
2012-11-23:
2012-11-22: Jia Zi Yuan (Part 2)
2012-11-21: Jia Zi Yuan (Part 1)
2012-11-20: Yan Bingyan
2012-11-19: Dai Yuqiang
2012-11-10: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-11-08: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-11-05: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-11-04: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-11-03: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-11-02: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-11-01: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-31: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-30: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-29: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-28: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-27: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-26: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-25: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-10-24: "Four Batch" Talent project special program
2012-08-04:
2012-08-03: Red Star shines for 60 years
2012-08-02: Red Star shines for 60 years
2012-08-01: Red Star shines for 60 years...
2012-07-31: Red Star Shining Sixty years Military Band next
2012-07-30: Military Band first
2012-07-19: Our French years
2012-07-17: Ailian Chen
2012-06-21: Laughter
2012-06-10: Wang Qianhua
2012-06-09: Sarjina
2012-06-08:
Shao Feng
2012-06-07: Li Yundi
2012-06-06: Youth 40
2012-06-05: Influence and inheritance
2012-06-04: Ding Guangquan
2012-05-22: Influence and inheritance
2012-04-28: Anime Dream
2012-04-15: Zhu Zhiwen
2012-04-14: Zhu Zhiwen (I)
2012-04-13: CAI Guoqing
2012-04-12: Sun Tao
2012-04-11: Wang Xueqi
2012-04-10: Liu Quanhe
Liu Quanli
2012-04-09: Pang Long
2012-03-18: Special Program
2012-03-12: Wang Qian
2012-03-05: New Spring Festival Gala
2012-02-27: New Spring Festival Gala
2012-02-20: Art Life
2012-02-13: Lang Lang
2012-01-19: Warm 119
2012-01-09: Art Life
The year 2013
2013-01-25: "Warm 2012" He Jiong, Xie Na
2013-01-26: "Warm 2012" Dong Qing
2013-01-27: "Warm 2012" Hua Shao, Jike Junyi, Wang Yunyi
2013-01-28: "Warm 2012" Bai Yansong
2013-01-30: "Warm 2012" Meng Fei
2013-03-18:
Phoenix Legend
2013-03-25: Mahua Happy Theatre Company
2013-04-08: Fang Qingping
2013-04-15: Painter Feng Yuan
2013-04-22: Painter
healthy
2013-05-04: Zhang Guangbei
2013-05-12: Walk in
Fu Lin
2013-05-13: Sculptor Wu Weishan
2013-05-20: Huang Xiaohu, Xiao Huangqi
2013-05-30: Huang Yishan
2013-06-06: Nine Moon Miracle
2013-06-13: JJ Lin (Part 1)
2013-06-20: JJ Lin (Part 2)
2013-06-27: Liu Hegang
2013-07-04: "So Young" series --
Hou Yong
2013-07-11: "So Young" series --
Zhang Zijian
2013-07-18: "To Youth" series -- Shen Peiyi
2013-07-25: "To Youth" series -- Chang Shilei
2013-08-01: "So Young" series -- Pu Cunxin
2013-08-08: "To Youth" series -- Yang Zi,
Jin Ming
2013-08-15: "So Young" series --
Peanie
2013-08-22: "So Young" series --
Jinchi
2013-08-29: "So Young" series --
Ye Bei
2013-09-05: "To Youth" series -- Sa Dingding
2013-09-12: "To Youth" series -- Shang Wenjie
2013-09-19: Book Club
2013-10-10: "To Youth" series -- Cheng Fangyuan
2013-10-24: Theme planning, walking with civilization
2013-10-31: Film "Four Days and Nights of Zhou Enlai"
2013-11-07: Beijing Film Academy
2013-11-28: Zhang Yi Album
2013-12-05:
Liu Yuanyuan
2013-12-26: 李翊君 album
[1]
The year 2014
2014-01-16: Jiang Wenli album
2014-01-23: Yuquan album
2014-02-20: Peter Chan album
2013-02-27: "Hawthorn sister" Zhang Yueqiao
2014-03-06: The Power of Original Music (Part 1)
2014-04-03: Ballet "Red Detachment of Women" 50th Anniversary Special Program (2)
2014-04-10: Fire Wind, Huo Zun album
2014-04-17: CAI Shaofen album
2014-04-24: Han Tong Sheng album
2014-05-08: Yin Tao Album
2014-05-15: Yao Beina album
2014-05-22: Kit Lung Wu Album (1)
2014-05-29: Kit Lung Wu Album (2)
2014-06-12: Zhang Weijian album
2014-06-19: Xu Songzi album
2014-07-03: Chinese Dream theme new creation song representative
2014-07-10: Wang Lida
2014-07-17: My requirements are not high
Hao Yun
2014-07-28: Wan Zhaolun album
2014-08-11: Where has Wang Erni's time gone
2014-08-18: Where has Yan Xuejing's time gone
2014-09-18: The Three Brothers (Part 1)
2014-09-25: The Three Brothers (Part 2)
2014-10-16: Wang Jie album
2014-11-27: Chen Kwok-sing Album (2)
2014-12-04: Yan Weiwen Album (Part 1)
2014-12-11: Yan Weiwen Album (Part 2)
2014-12-13: Li Xuejian good life peace
2014-12-18: You Xiaogang album
2014-12-25: Ma Shaohua album
The year 2015
2015-01-02: "Warm 2014"
2015-01-08: Liu Xiao Ling Children album
2015-01-15: "Chinese Dream" theme album of new songs
2015-01-22: Special Program
2015-01-29: Wu Ziniu album
2015-02-05: "New Big Head son small head Dad" album
2015-02-12: Behind the laughter
2015-03-12: Special Program
2015-03-19: Qi Jianbo album (Part 1)
2015-03-26: Qi Jianbo album (Part 2)
2015-04-02: Yun Enfeng album
2015-04-09: Dilina Album
2015-04-16: Yan Ni album
2015-04-23: Wang Zhengzheng album
2015-05-21:
Wu Bixia
Album (Part 1)
2015-05-28: Wu Bixia Album (Part 2)
2015-06-04:
Guo Shuzhen
Album (Part 1)
2015-06-11: Guo Shuzhen Album (Part 2)
Since 2002, the "Art Life" column has continuously produced the year-end inventory program "Warm" series at the end of the year, showing the most influential and heart-warming annual figures, works and events in the Chinese literary and art circles in an all-round way, promoting the integrity of the field of literature and art, and encouraging innovation in the field of literature and art.
Warm 2002
On the occasion of the second anniversary of the launch of the "Art Life" column, the program team launched the New Year's Day special program "Warm 2002" on CCTV-1 from January 1 to 3, 2003 at 23:10, with the intention of focusing on the entire cultural community in 2002 from a unique perspective of humanistic care. In addition to live interviews with stars and events closely related to the general audience, special interviews were also conducted on hot people who are concerned by everyone. The show has a huge capacity and lasts for three days, a total of 150 minutes.
January 1, 2003 Broadcast feature: "With Heroes - For those who Dare to challenge in life"
Guests: Pu Cunxin, Zhong Zhentao, Andy Lau, Na Ying,
Chen Ailian
,
Zhao Wei
, Cecilia Cheung, Jay Chou, Zhang Ziyi, Xu Jinglei, Maggie Cheung, Tony Leung Chiu-wai, Jet Li, Tang Shiteng.
January 2, 2003 broadcast feature: "With emotion - The softest place in your heart and mine"
January 3, 2003 Broadcast feature: "The Years of Burning Passion - Bringing Idealism Back to our Hearts"
Warm 2003
-- Here's to 2003
When our program was about to be released, we suddenly heard the news of Xie Tian's death. Ke Shouliang's unexpected death a few days ago added some grief to the year 2003. We could not remember or summarize it.
When we have gone through SARS, experienced a war of "others", and witnessed the death of some "others", what ways should we use to erase that sadness and record those warm and encouraging memories of our own experiences? At the end of the year, "Art Life" would like to talk with you around the stove, send 2003 away with a warm mood, and revisit the old dream of 2003.
Broadcast time: December 30, 2003 CCTV-3 19:30 PM
Guest:
Zeng Zhiwei
, Huang Zongjiang, Huang Zongluo,
Huang Zonghan
, Chang Xiangyu,
Xie Jin
,
Huang Zongying
, Ba Jin, Yang Jiang, Gao Feng, Hui Anhua, Anita Mui, CAI Qin, Lvqiu Luwei, Feng Xiaogang, Cecilia Cheung,
Zhao Wei
Nicholas Tse.
[4]
Life Lessons
Art Life summer special. Host Zhu Jun appeared in the "Life Class" as a cute uncle after 60, and led a group of young and promising post-90, with LAN Tianye, Qian Shaowu,
Ma Shitu
And another group of special "post-90s" had a dialogue that spanned more than half a century.
[5]
category
|
Guest name
|
singer
|
郭兰英、李谷一、李双江、才旦卓玛、蒋大为、关牧村、彭丽媛、毛阿敏、韦唯、德德玛、朱明瑛、殷秀梅、阎维文、宋祖英、
Liu Huan
, Kit Wang, Jacky Cheung, Chow Huajian, Longitudinal Line, Qi Qin, Qi Yu, Wang Jie, Meng Tingwei, Coco Lee, CAI Qin, Tong Angge, Na Ying, Zang Tianshuo, Tian Zhen, Han Hong, Sun Yue, Si Qin Ge Le, Yu Quan, Dick Cowboy, Sherise, Ma Guangfu, Liu Renxi, Xu Wei, Pu Shu, Po, Zheng Jun, Lin Junjie, Wong Yisan,
Zhang Jie
, Yao Beina,
Jinchi
, Wang Lida,
Li Jian
[8]
|
music
|
Sanbao, Zhao Jiping,
Zhao Lin
|
director
|
Chen Kaige, Xie Jin, Feng Xiaogang, Zhao Baogang, Sun Zhou, Zhang Jizhong, Zhang Yimou, Tsui Hark, Lu Chuan,
Yang Yazhou
, You Xiaogang, Teng Junjie, Zhai Junjie, Wei Lian
|
Performance class
|
Guo Xiaodong, Liu Ruoying, Chen Kun, Zhao Wei, Lu Yi, Lu Liping, Huang Lei, Song Chunli, Jiang Wenli, Li Yapeng, Wang Xiaotang, Sun Daolin, Pu Cunxin, Ying Da, Liu Xiaoqing, Pan Hong, Li Meran, Pang Xueqin, Huang Lei, Liyuan Xiaoluan, Qin Yi, Yu LAN, Wang Kun, Xu Fan, Ge Cunzhuang, Tao Yuling, Wu Qilong,
Six years old
, Jie Deng, Bao Keung Wong, Agnes Chiu, Andy Lau, Aaron Kwok, Jinglei Tsui, Yanbin Hu, Tony Leung, Maggie Cheung, Mingquan Wang, Ziyi Zhang, Hua Hua, Xun Zhou, Kwok-keung Cheung, Jackie Chan, Sun Xun, Hua Qing, Qiusheng Wong, Lai Ming, Hui Lin Chan, Xiaoyi Chen, Qian Liu, Wei Zi,
Xu Yajun
,
Chow Yun-fat
,
Yang Zi
,
Jin Ming
,
Lin Hao
,
Tao Hong
, cluster flying,
Fu Biao
Chen Xiaoxu
|
literature
|
|
dance
|
|
opera
|
Ma Jinfeng
, Chang Xiangyu, Mei Baojiu, Shang Changrong, Yu Kuizhi, Liu Changyu,
Li Weikang
, Geng Qichang, Li Shiji,
Malan
Wang Quanzhen, Han Zaifen, MAO Shanyu, Shen Tiemei
|
Folk art category
|
Shan Tianfang,
Liu Lanfang
, Yuan Guicheng, Tian Lianyuan, Chang Baohua, Ma Ji, Hou Yaowen, Jiang Kun, Shi Shengjie, Dai Zhicheng, Niu Niu, Feng Gong,
Li Weijian
,
Zhou Wei
,
mountain
,
Jia Ling
Bai Kainan
|
essayist
|
Zhao Lirong (Memorial), Chen Peisi, Zhu Shimao, Zhao Benshan, Song Dandan, Huang Hong, Pan Changjiang,
Huang Xiaojuan
,
CAI Ming
, Gao Xiumin,
Gold bead
Xiao Shenyang
|
Behind the scenes class
|
Qiao Zhen, Ding Jianhua, Gu Changwei, Xu Xiaofan
|
Painting and calligraphy
|
Ying Zuozhi, Huang Yongyu
|
On January 25, 2013, the new program of "Art Life" after the revision was officially opened, and for the first time invited three local TV hosts Meng Fei, He Jiong and Xie Na as guests.
If You Are the One
The concentrated stage of "Happy Camp" was moved to the scene, and the scene also cooperated with "Meng Fei lighting blind date" and "Xie Na magic" and other variety effects.
The stage of the new "Art Life" studio has a new look, in addition to the festive red lantern background, the stage has also changed from one to two, bigger and more gorgeous.
Since July 4, 2013, CCTV
Variety channel
Art Life will launch a special summer series
So Young
". And the series also added a new host, Shayna, for the collaboration between the two,
Zhu Jun
Also very satisfied, but also frankly, hope to have the opportunity to cooperate again next time.
For Shayna and
Zhu Jun
The tacit understanding of the degree of cooperation made the program team very surprised, "the two of them did not even a cold silence, no one snatch words, too tacit understanding." The director of the program said that the degree of understanding between the two people was surprising.
[6]
"Art Life" column won the first prize in the CCTV 2006 Excellent column selection.
[7]
Air date
|
Broadcast platform
|
Broadcast time
|
Broadcast situation
|
---|---|---|---|
Since 18 December 2000
|
Every Thursday at 22:30
|
premiere
|
|
Every Friday at 10:30
|
rebroadcast
|
||
Every Friday at 15:00
|
rebroadcast
|
||
Since 9 October 2004
[10]
|
CCTV Variety Channel
|
Every Wednesday at 20:36
|
premiere
|
Every Friday at 22:22
|
rebroadcast
|
||
Every Sunday at 06:20
|
rebroadcast
|
Ranked in the top three of CCTV variety Channel
The lowest rating for the whole of 2001 was 1.8%
The average viewership since 2002 has been 2.72%
Lin Yihua criticized "Art Life" as a lecture
TVB business general manager Chen Zhiyun, due to corruption investigation, "Zhiyun Dinner" therefore off the air. Talking about the show, Lin Yihua first said that Chen Zhiyun and Tsai Kangyong, Zhu Jun's hosting style is different, more like a Hongmen banquet: "Chen Zhiyun's interview style is a kind of verification wind, most of the questions are 'heard', 'side heard', 'heard', 'spread', 'once said' and so on, an episode of" Zhiyun Dinner "down, it seems that the TV station to meet the audience's gossip desire to build an interview arena, in fact, the real purpose is to provide the interviewees with a safe and simple clarification step."
Lin Yihua also expressed dissatisfaction with "Art life" : "The mainland's" Art life "to explore the meaning of life of the elegant and popular appreciation of the route, but too serious and will flow in a straight face to preach, and small mouth is small mouth, why, and why need to wear a Taoist mask to sell?"
"' Art Life 'didn't grow up. It went straight to maturity from the moment it started." Art Life has been on the air for more than a decade. Over the course of more than a decade, Tong Angge, CAI Qin, Peng Liyuan, Guan Mucun,
Liu Huan
, Chen Kaige,
Xie Jin
, Jiang Wenli,
Pan Hong
,
Qin Yi
More than 400 literary and art stars have entered the studio, and the ratings have been among the best in the CCTV variety channel.