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Welded construction
A metal structure made by welding
unfoldTwo entries with the same name
Welded construction refers to the common most suitable for use
Welding method
Fabricated metal structures. Due to the wide variety of welding structures, their classification methods are not the same. For example, according to the manufacturing method of semi-finished products can be divided into plate welding structure, welding structure and so on; According to the use of the structure can be divided into vehicle structure, hull structure, aircraft structure and so on; According to the material thickness of the weldment, it can be divided into thin-wall structure and thick wall structure. According to the type of welding material can be divided into steel structure, aluminum structure, titanium structure and so on. And there are related books introduced.
- Chinese name
- Welded construction
- Foreign name
- Welding structure
- categorize
- Beam and beam system structure
- should
- Machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding
- Advantage point
- The integrity of the welded structure is strong
Metal welding refers to the connection method of connecting two separated metal objects into one body by means of the appropriate combination of atoms or molecules.
In product manufacturing, welding and thermal cutting is a very important processing technology. According to the statistics of industrial developed countries, only the steel used after welding processing accounts for about 45% of the total output of steel every year. Welding can not only solve the connection of various steels. It can also solve the connection of non-ferrous metal materials such as aluminum and copper. Therefore, it has been widely used in machinery manufacturing, shipbuilding, Marine development, automobile manufacturing, petrochemical industry, aerospace technology, atomic energy, electric power, electronic technology and construction and other departments.
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The welded structure has a series of advantages that other structures cannot match, mainly reflected in the following aspects:
1. Strong integrity of welded structure. Since welding is a connection between metal atoms, the stiffness is large, the integrity is good, under the action of external forces will not be like other mechanical connections due to gap changes and excessive deformation, so the strength and stiffness of the welded joint can generally be equal to or similar to the base metal, and can withstand various loads with the base metal.
2, the welding structure of high strength, light weight. The welded structure is mostly made of rolled wood, which has a strong ability to withstand impact loads, and the strength of steel is many times higher than that of masonry, concrete and other building materials. The welded joint made by modern welding technology is stronger than the base material.
The parts or components of the welded structure can be connected directly by the welding method without the need for any additional connectors. Compared with the riveted structure, the mass with the same structure can be reduced by 10% to 20%.
3, the welding structure has high safety performance. Because the steel has good plasticity, under normal circumstances, it will not cause sudden fracture damage due to accidental overload or local overload, but there is a large deformation omen in advance in order to take remedial measures. The steel also has good toughness and strong adaptability to the dynamic load acting on the structure, which provides a reliable guarantee for the safe use of the welded structure.
In a certain stress range, the steel is in an ideal elastic state, which is in line with the basic assumptions adopted in engineering mechanics, so the calculation results are accurate and reliable to ensure the safe use of welded structures.
4, the density of welding structure is good. Due to the density of the weld, the welding structure can ensure the gas tightness and water tightness of the product, which is an indispensable important condition for the normal operation of pressure vessels such as boilers, gas storage tanks, oil storage tanks.
5, the economic benefit of welding structure is good. Welded structures are more economical than rolling when using some profiles. For example, large I-beams (greater than 700mm in height) welded from wide flat steel and steel plates tend to cost less than rolled section steel.
Welding structure production generally does not require large, special and expensive equipment, less investment, quick effect, easy to adapt to the production of different batches of products, product replacement is fast and convenient, and economic benefits are good.
[2]
Welding structure is widely used, mainly in the following aspects:
① The welding structure ADAPTS to the production of a particularly large range of dimensions. It can not only manufacture micro-machine parts (using micro-welding technology), but also manufacture large steel structures, especially for products with large geometric sizes and complex shapes, such as hulls, trusses, spherical containers, etc. For large or very large complex projects, the structure can be decomposed, the decomposed parts or components are welded respectively, and then welded into an overall structure through the overall assembly.
② Can manufacture any shape of the structure, and can achieve on-site installation.
(3) The connection of dissimilar materials can be realized, such as the connection of dissimilar metals, the connection of metals and non-metals, etc., so as to make the material use of welding structure more reasonable.
1. Beam and beam system structure
The working characteristic of this kind of welded structure is that the components of the beam system structure are subject to transverse bending, and when the beam system structure (or frame structure) is composed of multiple beams through rigid connection, the stress of each beam will become more complicated.
2. Column structure
This type of welded structure is characterized by compressive stress or longitudinal bending stress at the same time of compression. The section shape of the structure is mostly "work" shape, "box" or tubular circular section. The column welding structure is also commonly used to combine various types of steel into the so-called virtual belly and wall combination section. Using these forms can increase the moment of inertia, improve the stability of the structure, but also save materials.
3. Grid structure
It is composed of a series of tension or pressure bars, which are connected to each other in the form of nodes to form various shapes of structures, such as trusses, network rigid frames and skeletons.
4. Shell structure
This type of structure is subject to greater internal pressure and therefore requires
Welded joint
With good air tightness, such as containers, receptacles, and pipes, etc., multi-purpose
Steel plates
Made of welding.
5. Skeleton structure
This type of structure looks like a human skeleton and is often used
Lifting and transporting machinery
It usually bears dynamic load, so it is required to have a minimum weight and greater stiffness, hull skeleton, bus frame and car compartment and cab are such structures. The raw materials of skeleton and lattice structure are mostly various types of steel, and sometimes the two types of structures are collectively referred to as lattice truss structures.
6. Welding parts for machines and instruments
This type of structure is most suitable for operation under alternating loads or multiple repetitive loads. Therefore, this type of structure requires precise dimensions to ensure the quality of the main components or instrument parts machined. Organic mounts, fuselages, machine tool beams and gears, flywheels and instruments belonging to this structure
pivot
Let's wait. This kind of structure is adopted
Steel plates
Welding or the combined process of casting welding and forging welding can solve the problem of insufficient casting and forging equipment capacity, and greatly shorten the manufacturing cycle.
The basic problems need to be considered in the process of welding structure manufacturing. On the belay structural components
Welded joint
At the same time, in order to meet the processing conditions, it is necessary to improve productivity and increase safety by improving the working environment during manufacturing. For welding structure manufacturing technicians, it is an important responsibility to select the appropriate materials, enrich the processing equipment and the processing technical capabilities of technical workers.
The key to the development of welded structures lies in the manufacturing technology and the output of steel.
1, welding has become a key manufacturing technology
As one of the assembly processes, welding is usually arranged in the late or final stage of the manufacturing process, and thus has a decisive role in the quality of the product. Because of this, welding is regarded as a key manufacturing technology in many industries.
2, welding shows a high technical content and added value
Today, welding has entered a new stage of development. Many of the latest scientific research achievements, cutting-edge technologies and high and new technologies in the world today, such as computers, microelectronics, digital control, information processing, industrial robots, laser technology, etc., have been widely used in the field of welding, which makes the technical content of welding has been unprecedented improvement, and creates a high added value in the manufacturing process.
3, welding has become an inseparable part of modern industry
In the industrially developed United States, welding is regarded as "the lifeblood of American manufacturing and the key to the future competitiveness of the United States." Its main root is based on the fact that many industrial products can no longer be manufactured without the use of welding technology.
In the history of human development, the National Stadium "Bird's Nest" steel structure welding project, the Three Gorges water conservancy project, the west-east gas transmission project, etc., have all adopted welded structures. For example, the west-east gas transmission project, with a total length of about 4300km, has more than 350,000 welded joints, and the length of the weld on the entire pipeline is at least 15,000 km. Without welding, it is impossible to imagine how to complete such a project.
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