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Scenic spots in Lingwu City, Ningxia
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Ningxia Site of Shuidonggou The tourist area is located Ningxia Lingwu City Linhe Town , west distance Yinchuan City 19 km, south Lingwu City 30 kilometers, 11 kilometers from Hedong airport, is located in the core of Yinchuan Hedong tourism belt, north and south Inner Mongolia Ordos The city is connected to Ningmeng tourism link, covers an area of 7.8 Square kilometer . [1]
Water cave is the earliest excavated in China Paleolith age Cultural site It is known as "the birthplace of prehistoric archaeology in China" and "the historical witness of cultural exchanges between China and the West". [2] . is National key cultural relics protection units , National AAAAA tourist attraction National geopark. It is listed as national by the state Cultural relics protection 100 places Great ruins One, "the most Chinese civilization One of the hundred archaeological discoveries of significance." [3] Won the silver Award of "50 Places in China Most worth Visiting for Foreigners".
Site of Shuidonggou Record the distance Ancient humans Multiply and prosper The historical witness of fighting with nature is rich and precious prehistoric Data. It shows the picture of the survival of ancient humans 40,000 years ago, and is the Paleolithic site that has been officially excavated in the Yellow River area in China so far [4] . 1923, France paleontologist Deiljan , Sang Zhihua Found it here Prehistoric culture The site, through excavation, unearthed a large number of stone tools and animal fossils, Shuidonggou thus became the earliest discovery in China Paleolithic age Ancient human Cultural site . Today, after more than 80 years and six archaeological excavations, more than 30,000 stone tools and 67 ancient pieces have been unearthed in Shuidonggou Animal fossil .
The Shuidonggou area is the ancient Ming Dynasty in the north of China The Great Wall "Hengcheng big edge", Beacon Tower Pier and abutment , city barriers and forts, Cave for Hiding Soldiers Caves constitute the most complete preserved military in China Defensive construction Grand View Garden.
Water cave is located in the southern edge of Ordos Platform, created by nature Yadan landform After thousands of years of wind and sand erosion, there is also a concentration Ghost city , lying camel Ridge, skyscraper cliff, broken cloud valley, tamarisk Gully and other more than 20 earth lynch landscape.
Chinese name
aqueduct
Foreign name
shuidonggou
Geographical position
Shuidonggou Scenic Spot, Linhe Town, Lingwu City, Yinchuan City (19 km from Yinchuan City, 11 km from Yinchuan Hedong Airport) [10]
Climatic condition
Temperate continental climate
Opening hours
April 1 - October 31 08:00-18:00(latest entry 17:00); November 1 - March 31 08:00-17:00(latest entry 17:00)
Scenic spot level
National AAAAA tourist attraction
Ticket price
60 yuan [5] [11]
Floor space
7.8 km²
Famous scenic spot
Shuidonggou Site Museum , Zhang SAN Xiaodian , Shuidonggou Village , Ruins of the Ming Great Wall , Ming Great Wall observation platform , Cave for Hiding Soldiers , Grand Canyon , Red Mountain Fort , Hongshan Lake , Waterfront Great Wall
Home country
China
International honor
The historical witness of the cultural exchange between China and the West
Domestic honor
The birthplace of prehistoric archaeology in China
Ningxia honor
Ningxia new ten scenes
Types of scenic spots
Yadan landform
Good season for play
Suitable for all seasons
Play time
About three hours
Big live action show
Large-scale live-action horse warfare epic drama Northern Xinjiang day song "

catalogue

  1. 1Geographical environment
  2. ▪Geographical position
  3. ▪landform
  4. ▪climate
  5. 2Excavation history
  1. 3Main attraction
  2. 4Value meaning
  3. 5The epic drama of horse warfare
  4. 6Tourist information
  1. ▪Ticket guide
  2. ▪Preferential policy
  3. ▪Traffic guide
  4. 7Honor received

Geographical environment

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EDITOR

Geographical position

Ningxia Shuidonggou Tourist area is located in Yinchuan City, the capital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Lingwu City Linhe Town , west distance Yinchuan City 19 km, south Lingwu City 30 kilometers, 11 kilometers from Hedong airport, is located in the core of Yinchuan Hedong tourism belt, north and south Inner Mongolia Ordos The city is connected to Ningmeng tourism link, covers an area of 7.8 Square kilometer . In the vast northwest of China Mu Us Sandy Land And the flowing east The Yellow River Between, Ningxia Site of Shuidonggou It's located here. [12]

landform

Water cave gully is located Ordos The southern edge of the platform, made by nature Yadan landform Make here full of vigorous, strange baraku Shen Yun, experienced thousands of years of wind and sand erosion, here concentrated Ghost city Lying camel ridge, sky cliff, broken cloud valley, Tamarisk ditch and other more than 20 soil lynch landscape.

climate

Water Donggou Temperate continental climate countrywide Physical regionalization Mesotemperate zone Arid climate region . Although it is deep inland in northwest China, it is arid with little rain, strong evaporation, large temperature difference between cold and hot, sufficient light, strong wind and sand. Winter chill Long, summer hot short, spring warm late, autumn cool early Meteorological disaster More and other characteristics. It also creates the extreme, thorough and tough characteristics of this area.

Excavation history

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EDITOR
About 40,000 years ago, a group of hunter-gatherers who migrated here from the north came here, set up camp and began to write the ancient history of the Shuidonggou area. Since then, there have been ancestors to produce and live here, continue to write Prehistoric culture Chapter. By 5,000 years ago, Neolithic age People are still here to break stones and make pottery, passing on the torch of civilization... [12]
In 1474, from Hengcheng to Salt pond When the Great Wall was completed, it became Great Wall of Ming Dynasty Part of it. In 1697, Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty personally invaded Junge Department, followed the ancient road on the south side of the Great Wall through the water cave ditch, leaving Imprint of history . [12]
Six excavations in the history of water cave
In 1919, Belgium When Missionary Kent passed through the water cave, he stopped in the" Zhang SAN Xiaodian ".
Kent found one on the Water Cave cliff rhinoceros A fossil skull and a hand-beaten quartzite flake. Encounter French geology in Tianjin paleontologist Sang Zhihua And told Sang Zhihua what he had found in Ningxia.
In June 1923, Sang Zhihua and the famous scholar Deiljan After finishing the investigation of parts of Gansu, we came to Shuidonggou. At the edge of the cliff, uncovered by the surface mammal Fossils. A 12-day expedition was carried out, and a total of more than 300 kilograms were unearthed stonework and Animal fossil , mainly including Stone nucleus , scraper , stylus Etc. Paleolith .
In the summer of 1960, Sino-Soviet paleontology The joint expedition team entered the Shuidonggou and carried out a second excavation of the site.
In 1963, it was called "Chinese Paleolithic. archaeology The Father of God Pei Wenzhong I led a third excavation.
The year 1980 Ningxia Museum The archaeological excavation of the water cave by the joint archaeological team of the Ningxia Geological Bureau is the fourth.
Between 2003 and 2007, dozens of experts and scholars carried out a new round of archaeological excavations with high hopes. This time, it's by Ningxia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Team up. This archaeology has the largest number of participants, the longest duration, the largest excavation scope, and the most fruitful harvest. This time, it's not just a transfer GPS locator , Total station , cameras and other advanced equipment, and invited geology, chronology, paleoanthropology Experts of paleoenvironment came to the site to discuss and teach, and its archaeological achievements were particularly eye-catching.
From June 10 to July 10, 2014, the fourth Cultural Tourism Festival and the sixth archaeological excavation were held at the Shuidonggou Site in Ningxia. Experts from the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ningxia Institute of Archaeology, yes Site of Shuidonggou Conducting archaeological excavations.
In the 90 years since the discovery of Shuidonggou, prehistoric archaeologists Pei Wenzhong, Jalan Pho , Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences Liu Dongsheng And other well-known experts have come to excavate or investigate, America South Korea, France, Japan , Russia Experts from other countries have also come from afar. [6]
On July 19, 2023, the Information Office of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region announced at a press conference that new progress had been made in the archaeology of the Shuidonggou Site. Experts had clarified the accumulation sequence of the strata at the first site of the Shuidonggou Site and the accumulation formation process of the paleolithic cultural layer, and were studying the process of human survival and evolution reflected by these information. From 2018 to 2022, the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has carried out a large-scale systematic excavation of the first site of Shuidonggou Site for five years, and as of July 2023, relevant research work is still continuing. Through excavations, the accumulation sequence of the strata at the first site of Shuidonggou Site has been thoroughly clarified, and the accumulation formation process of the paleolithic culture layer at the first site has been understood. A large number of dating samples were collected during the excavation, and more than 10,000 pieces of precious remains and relics were unearthed, including fire ponds, stone products, animal fossils and so on. [13]

Main attraction

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EDITOR
The Shuidonggou area is the Ming Dynasty in northern China Ancient Great Wall , beacon towers, castles, gullies, Pier and abutment isomilitary Defensive construction Grand View Garden. Inside the reserve, winding its way east The Great Wall The towering pier, the ancient and mysterious castle, and the winding and deep gully are dizzying, which makes people think of the heroic scene of "warriors with spears and flying battle bases, and generals drawing swords and chasing Hu soldiers".
Shuidonggou tourist area has become a set travel Sightseeing, scientific investigation, recreation, military exploration as one of the tourist areas. with Shuidonggou Site Museum , Ningxia The Great Wall Museum opened in 2009, and the Shuidonggou scenic area will add new highlights.
Site museum
Ningxia tourist attractions Shuidonggou site Museum
Shuidonggou Site Museum, its appearance is modeled after the unearthed stone stone named stone core built, construction area of 4308 square meters, Shuidonggou Site museum with sculptures, Display board The form of projection, cultural relics exhibition and explanation can be understood Human evolution The origin of Shuidonggou culture The rise of Site of Shuidonggou The process and results of the five archaeological excavations, at the same time, there are 12 minutes of dynamic performances, so that we can experience the production and life of primitive people 30,000 years ago, and forced migration when facing the disaster of flash floods and mountain collapses.
Live experience the Croods
Ningxia Yinchuan tourist attraction Shuidonggou image of 30,000 years of real scene interpretation
live-action Experience Pavilion Combining high-tech, artistic, literariness The integration of other elements, so that the thousands of years of time and historical scenes back, let you witness the ancient water caves from lush vegetation, swarms of animals, to climate change, Environmental deterioration The process of Shuidonggou people having to go far away from home. Together with the ancient ancestors in Shuidonggou, you can personally experience the production and life scenes of the ancient ancestors collecting, hunting, offering sacrifices, falling in love, roasting and eating prey around campfires, singing and dancing, as well as the shocking scenes when disasters such as rainstorms, floods and earthquakes come. Take you through 30,000 years of time and space with a high-tech, lifelike rendition.
Zhang SAN Xiaodian
Yinchuan tourist attractions Shuidonggou Zhangsan shop
In 1923, when a melodious Camel bell When the sound came gradually from the distance, there was a shop named Zhang SAN Chariot shop The host knew that a visitor must have arrived from far away. So, the host Zhang SAN and his wife stood at the door early to greet the arrival of two foreigners with yellow hair and blue eyes, and later Zhang SAN and his wife knew that they were French paleontologists Deiljan and Sang Zhihua This time, they set out from Tianjin to investigate along the Yellow River, and lived in the water cave when it was late Zhang SAN Xiaodian .
The courtyard displays four statues of French paleontologists De Rijin and Sang Zhihua, China archaeologist Pei Wenzhong and Jalan Pho Sir. These guys are all on the water tunnel Archaeological excavation Outstanding people who have made great contributions.
Shuidonggou Village
Ningxia Yinchuan tourist attractions Shuidonggou village
archaic Shuidonggou Village It was the ancestors of the north who created the cellar-cave and crypt-type living rooms. This kind of room is often built on the hillside or ditch bank with thick loess soil layer, and has the characteristics of warm winter and cool summer. On this basis, Shuidonggou people improved this way of living and developed into a semi-crypt type Architectural form . The method is to dig out a certain depth of the earth hole on the loess slope, and then on the foundation of the four walls of the earth hole is determined as the wall adobe (p) Build the wall, so that it reaches a certain height, and then with trusses (xing), wooden rafters on the top, and then to faggot Batter the firewood with soil to prevent water leakage. Shuidonggou Village is such an ancient semi-crypt-type gathering village ruins , our country Northwest China The people used to call it" cubicle ". There are 29 cave architecture sites in the Shuidonggou Village settlement, and we have selected some of them for restoration, so that we can intuitively understand the living forms of the ancient people.
Reed valley
Shuidonggou tourist area has three kilometers long Luhua Valley, Luhua Valley Reed Swaying posture, walking on the path between, intoxicated in the reed patch, at this moment the mood is peaceful. Lake area Nearly 300,000 square meters, including Yuanyang Lake built on the original ecological wooden bridge 4, two pavilions, on the lake, hundreds of birds flying in the reed. Dark green The lake, the crisp bird song, the beautiful picture, is a good place for leisure and entertainment. Hongshan Lake Inside, the green ripples, the cruise ships, Waterfront Great Wall A rare, majestic view on a cruise ship Ancient Great Wall Don't have fun. When you have not yet come out of the fairy tale world of the earth forest landscape, get off the boat and board the dock, and fall into an xanadu, that is, in the scenic spot Olefin The Bay. Shazao Bay Elaeagnus mongolica Clumping, in June and July, when the sand dates bloom, the waves of fragrance and let you linger.
Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty
Site of Shuidonggou Ming Dynasty military three-dimensional in the tourist area Defense system Quayu Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty , Cave for Hiding Soldiers , side ditch, Grand Canyon, Hongshan Mountain A surname A barbican city And so on.
The Ming Great Wall in the tourist area is the earth rammed Great Wall, which is the most intact section in Ningxia Great Wall site . Ming Great Wall into the west Huangheosaurus The Great Wall of China petcock Known as the intersection of the two dragons, east to the territory of Yanchi. Standing on the Great Wall Look to the north Mu Us Desert In the south, the landscape of the water cave scenic spot can be seen.
aqueduct The Great Wall Observation Deck
Shuidonggou Great Wall observation platform
Shuidonggou Great Wall observation platform is a foot across two provinces The Great Wall Observation Deck . In the Shuidonggou tourist area, you can leisurely walk at the foot of the Ming Great Wall, or board the newly built Great Wall observation platform, a foot across two provinces, standing on the Great Wall to look at the north of the Mu Us Desert, is a strong northwest desert style; And to the south, in the water cave, Lake wetland Gaoxia Pinghu show Jiangnan beauty, give you a different experience.
Shuidonggou Great Wall observation platform, is the view Water cave Canyon And Luhua Valley beauty of the best viewing place. Standing on the observation platform, the ravines and ravines, the unique terrain of the earth forest landscape seems to be at the foot, the twists and turns to the deep canyon. It's all green Reed Swing with the wind, the scenery is spectacular; Now and then Wild pigeon Flying, red-bill ducks all over the place, water gurgling sounds, pooling into a stream.
Wild Prairie Moccasin
Water cave ditch wild grassland area
Over the Great Wall, you come to Tartar, 500 years ago, Vala Self-cultivation, gallop the wild grasslands of Mongolia, experience the wild and bold life of the Mongolian people in the vast and charming wild grasslands, and do a pure Mongolian. Wild prairie Desert surf bike, wild prairie camel ride, desert kart And so exciting Entertainment item Waiting for you.
Hongshan Lake
Get up Dam crest In front of us is another strange landscape of the "high Gorge out of the flat lake", this lake is located in the Hongshan area, so it is named" Hongshan Lake ". "Hongshan Lake" is also formed by the accumulation of water from the edge ditch, Wet season The lake can extend more than 2 kilometers east in the canyon, and there are often eagle cranes soaring above, and there are times on the water Married couple , Wild duck Cruise, in the mountains weed The scenery is very beautiful.
Hongshan Lake, a tourist attraction in Yinchuan, Ningxia
In the ripening Hongshan Lake by boat, you can watch the Great Wall on the waterfront and experience the harmonious coexistence of people and water birds; The Great Wall and cliffs are reflected in the water; Blue sky and white clouds, reflecting on the bottom of a different kind of fun. This unity of nature and man, history and culture and today's ecology Organic combination the Cross the Yangtze River Landscape, real is rare, really can be described as "boat line on the blue wave, people in the middle of the painting".
Grand Canyon
Ningxia Yinchuan tourist attraction Shuidonggou Grand Canyon
Between Shuidong Gully and Hongshan Fort, there is a canyon about 4 kilometers long, which is a "masterpiece" of nature, but in the Ming Dynasty, it became an important part of the "deep gully and high fortress" defense system of the Great Wall. The two sides of the canyon are often eroded by wind and rain for years, and the deep loess is washed by long-term rain. Earth column Abrupt wall standing, strange shape, formed the "soil forest". The "soil forest" is also carved by nature to form a variety of strange images. Some are like monks climbing high overlooking the distance, seemingly looking forward to the arrival; Some are like a pair of lovers, close to each other; Such as Husband-wife looks To both sides Pair salute Linlin total total, each form, give people endless reverie. On the cliffs on both sides of the gorge are built by Ming Dynasty soldiers Cave for Hiding Soldiers It fully demonstrates the military wisdom and ingenuity of the ancient people. [7]
Cave for Hiding Soldiers
Cave for Hiding Soldiers
The black holes in the cliffs on either side of the canyon are the famous" Cave for Hiding Soldiers "The so-called Tibetan soldier cave, yes Red Mountain Fort The defenders moved from the ground to the ground, concealing their troops, protecting themselves, waiting for an opportunity to strike, or laying ambush tunnels in the open. This is a relatively complete ancient three-dimensional military defense system in our country. In China's Great Wall defense system, the defense system that closely links the Great Wall, the castle and the underground soldier cave, the whole country is singleness . The unique Tibetan cave rises more than 10 meters above the bottom of the ditch, meander In the overhanging wall, connected up and down, connected left and right, there are many forks in the hole, circling around, like a maze for a long time to see the end. Inside the cave were chambers, storerooms, Wells, stove Weapons depots, ammunition depots, gun emplacements, traps, tunnels and other facilities. [7]

Value meaning

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EDITOR
Because the Shuidonggou site has unearthed a large number of European most, The Orina culture Features stone tools, with Western unearthed stone tools Technical style Very similar, some scholars put forward the Shuidonggou culture "west." Similarly, in some places and on the surface of Shuidonggou, there are a large number of stone products with small stone traditions in northern China, and at the same time or later in northern China Microlithic culture There is a correlation, and these two types of culture support the native origin theory.
A large number of archaeological findings show that Shuidonggou had abundant water resources and animal and plant resources thirty to forty thousand years ago, and also had relatively superior production and living conditions. Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Gao Xing The researchers speculate that about 40,000 years ago, a group of people originally lived in Siberia -- The ancestors of the Altai Territory Ice age Forced by the cold, he came to the water cave ditch Multiply and prosper And the use of the technology already mastered, local materials made a large number of sharp stone tools. [8]

The epic drama of horse warfare

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EDITOR
" Northern Xinjiang day song "Is a large-scale live-action horse warfare epic drama, the drama is set in the 12th and 13th centuries; Rare military sites in China: the Great Wall, the Grand Canyon, the Tibetan Military Cave, Red Mountain Fort This dangerous military barrier is real; From... Mongolia The professional riding team and stuntman And handpicked more than 100 horses, camels, yak And several simulated tanks for the performance of the lineup; With war and peace, the rise and fall of the nation as the main line, the story of a cargo transportation and robbery in the Shuidonggou area, which is also an ancient frontier jam battlefield in the Great Wall, is finally rescued by the cavalry. At the same time, it reproduces the growth process of Genghis Khan and his friends outside the Great Wall Jamuai Between the touching family and the country of love and hatred and eventually unified Mongolia into the steppe Khan twists and turns. It was created by a famous Chinese director for 2 years Heroic epic . [9]
Venue: Water cave ditch hiding soldiers cave Trade fair
Performance time: 11:30, 15:00, 18:00 each day;

Tourist information

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EDITOR

Ticket guide

Water Cave package includes: Shuidonggou Site Museum Ring Gallery exhibition hall, museum experience, Zhang SAN shop, Shuidonggou Village , Shuidonggou Monument, Shuidonggou site excavation site, Luhua Valley, Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty The Grand Canyon, Cave for Hiding Soldiers And other attractions. Items include: cruise, carriage or bamboo raft, Camel cart Sightseeing bus.

Preferential policy

Children: 1.2m (inclusive) or under 6 years old (inclusive) Identification card or Residence booklet , free of charge
Students: full-time college and primary school students (excluding adult education graduate students), Half price
Soldier: active service veteran Certificate of military officer Or honorable discharge card, free admission
Elderly: 60 (including) years old and above with ID card, free admission
Reporter: By virtue of Press card Free admission
Disabled person: by virtue of Certificate of disability Free admission
Fireman: With fireman's license, admission is free
Public security officer: as relevant Valid document Free admission [11]

Traffic guide

Driving route:
1. Yinchuan Departure - Go to Binhe Yellow River Bridge straight to new 203 dart -- Turn right to Shuidonggou Tunnel -- turn left to Provincial Highway 103 -- drive 4 km to Shuidonggou Tourist Area
2, From Yinchuan → Great Unity Square → Yinqing Highway → Shuidong Ditch exit → Shuidong Ditch
independent travel :
Ningxia travel Scenic through train :
Yinchuan Railway Station Tourist distribution center ( Jinfeng District ), Crescent Square ( Xingqing District ), year-round, multiple daily departures, Holidays and festivals The frequency will be increased. The one-way fare is 15 yuan.

Honor received

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EDITOR
On November 10, 2023, the Shuidonggou site was selected as one of the top ten archaeological discoveries in Ningxia. [14]
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