The Republic of Mauritius, or Mauritius for short, is Africa An island nation in the east of The Indian Ocean Southwest, distance Madagascar It is about 800 km and 2,200 km from the African continent. As a volcanic island nation, Mauritius is surrounded by Coral reef Surrounded by a wide variety of landforms, the coastal is a narrow plain, the central is a plateau mountain, there are a number of mountains and isolated peaks. The whole country Mauritius And other small archipelagoes, covering an area of 2,040 square kilometers (including 175 square kilometers of islands), Population 1.261 million (end of 2022) The population is mainly composed of Indians and Pakistanis (69%), Creoles (mixed European and African, 27%), Chinese (2.3%) and Europeans (1.7%), and the country is divided into four regions and five municipalities, with the capital Port Louis.

Mauritius was originally a desert island, and in the early 16th century, Portuguese expeditions occupied what is now Mauritius and the Reunion Islands, named Mascene Islands. The Dutch captured the island in 1598 and named it after the Dutch monarch Mauritius. In 1715, France occupied the island and renamed it "Ile-de-France". It became a British colony in 1814 and was renamed Mauritius. It became self-governing in September 1961. Independence was declared on 12 March 1968 and a constitutional monarchy was established, with the Queen as head of State and the Governor-General acting on her behalf. It became a republic on 12 March 1992. Adopt a parliamentary system.

Mauritius is a member of the Non-Aligned Movement, African Union , the Common Market for South-Eastern Africa, Southern African Development Community , Indian Ocean Rim alliance , Indian Ocean commission It is the seat of the secretariat of the Indian Ocean Rim Union and the Indian Ocean Commission Africa One of the few rich countries, it has been called the "Switzerland of Africa". Mauritius 2022 Gross domestic product (GDP) $13.414 billion, Gross domestic product per capita At $10,625, the economic growth rate was 7.8%. ^[1]

Chinese name: Mauritius
Foreign name: The Republic of Mauritius
continent: Africa
capital: Port Louis
Major city: Souillac , Bambus, Rosehill
National Day: March 12, 1968
National song: Motherland
Country code: MUS
Official language: English
currency: Mauritian rupee
Time zone: UTC+4
Political system: A parliamentary republic
National leader: Pritvirajsingh Rupong (President) , Pravinder Kumar Jagannath (Prime Minister)
Population number: 1,261,000 (End of 2022)

Population density: 626.5 people/km2 ^[4] (2020)
Major nationality: Mauritius of Indian descent , Creole
Major religion: Hinduism , Christianity , Islam
Land area: 2040 km² ^[1] (including an island area of 175 square kilometers)
Water area ratio: 0.07%
Total GDP: $13.414 billion ^[1] (2022)
Per capita GDP: $10,625 ^[1] (2022)
International telephone area code: 230
International domain name abbreviation: .mu
Road access: Drive on the left
National motto: "Stars and Keys in the Indian Ocean"
Largest city: Port Louis
Geographical highest point: Heihe Peak
climate: Subtropical maritime climate
Leading institution: University of Mauritius , Technical University of Mauritius

catalogue

Historical evolution

broadcast

EDITOR

Mauritius

Before 1505, the island was uninhabited. when Portuguese When Masklin landed on the island, he saw a swarm of bats flapping and flying, so he simply called the island "Bat Island." In 1598, the Dutch arrived and named the island "Mauritius" after Prince Maurice. Taiwan is now translated into Mauritius. Netherlander Ruled for over 100 years. In 1715, the French took it Mauritius It was renamed "Ile-de-France". More than 100 years later, the British defeated the French, changed the name of the island back to "Mauritius", and officially annexed the island as a British colony in 1814. Mauritians Through various means to obtain autonomy, finally in July 1961, Britain Agreed to autonomy for Mauritius. Mauritius officially declared independence on 12 March 1968. It became a republic on 12 March 1992. Adopt a parliamentary system. The president is the ceremonial head of state, while the Prime Minister holds real executive power.

Geographical environment

broadcast

EDITOR

Regional location

Mauritius is located in the southwest Indian Ocean, 57°35' E, 20°15' s, with an area of 2040 square kilometers (including islands). The island covers an area of 1,865 square kilometers. It is 160 km from Reunion, about 800 km from Madagascar and about 2,200 km from the east coast of the African continent. Mauritius has a coastline of about 250 kilometres and an exclusive economic zone of 2.3 million square kilometres. ^[6]

Climatic characteristics

Mauritius has a subtropical maritime climate, with summer and winter seasons throughout the year: summer from November to April, the coastal temperature is 30℃, the central plateau is 22℃, and the sea temperature is about 27℃. In winter from May to October, the average temperature along the coast is 24 ° C, the central plateau is 19 ° C, and the sea water temperature is about 22 ° C. There is more rain in summer than in winter. Rainfall is uneven across the island, with an average annual rainfall of 5080 mm in the central plateau, 1010 mm on the west coast and 1900 mm on the east coast. ^[6]

landform

Plateau, average height 600 meters, the highest peak - the peak of the Heihe 826 meters high. The river is short, the longest river in the southeast, about 34 kilometers.

Mauritius is home to a number of islands with a total area of 175 square kilometers, including Rodrigo Island, The Agalega Islands , St. Brandon Islands, Chagos Islands and Tromland Island Let's wait. Diego Garcia Island is the main island of the Chagos Archipelago, which was historically administered by Mauritius, and was transferred to the United Kingdom by the Mauritius authorities for £3 million at the end of 1965. British Indian Ocean Territory ". The British evicted the islanders and leased the island to the United States for use as a military base. Tromland Island is occupied by France, which maintains a permanent weather station on the island, but Mauritius has always claimed sovereignty over the island. ^[6]

Natural resources

broadcast

EDITOR

Mauritius is short of mineral resources, completely dependent on imports of oil and natural gas, limited hydraulic resources, and scarce fishing resources in offshore waters, but 2.3 million square kilometers (400,000 square kilometers of which are jointly managed with Seychelles) of Marine exclusive economic zone fishery resources are rich, rich in tuna. ^[6]

Administrative division

broadcast

EDITOR

regionalization

Port area of the capital city of Port Louis

Mauritius is divided into seven regions and five municipalities. Its municipalities are the capital of PortLouis, Curepipe, Beau Bassin/Rose Hill, Vacoas/Phoenix, and Quatre Bornes. The seven regions include Pamplemousses, Rivi6redu Rempart, Moka Flacq, Grand Port, Savanne, Black River and so on. ^[6]

capital

Port Louis, the country's largest city, is also the country's political, economic and cultural center, with a population of about 120,000. The average temperature in the hot season is 27℃, and the highest temperature is 23 ~ 30℃ in January. The average temperature in the cool season is 18℃, and the lowest temperature is 17 ~ 24℃ from June to August. Port Louis Surrounded by mountains on three sides and with beautiful scenery, it is a natural harbor, located in the channel between the South Atlantic and the Indian Ocean. in Suez Canal Before navigation, it was around Cape of Good Hope The only place to sail.

National symbol

broadcast

EDITOR

flag

Flag of Mauritius

Flag of Mauritius It was opened on 12 March 1968. The ratio of the length and width of the flag is 3:2. It consists of four parallel and equal rectangles of red, blue, yellow and green. Red symbolizes the struggle for independence and freedom, blue indicates that Mauritius is located in the blue southern Indian Ocean, yellow symbolizes the light of independence shining on the island, and green indicates the country's agriculture and evergreen.

National emblem

Emblem of Mauritius

Emblem of Mauritius Enacted in 1906, the new government adopted the original emblem at independence. The center of the national emblem is divided into four pieces Shield In the upper left corner is a golden sailing ship sailing in the Indian Ocean, showing the increasingly prosperous maritime trade, but also reminding people to remember the history written in blood - the colonists are just across the sea, the ship came; Three palm trees stand on the tropical land in the upper right corner, representing the country's plant resources and natural conditions; The five-pointed star and the red key vividly explain the words "Star and key in the Indian Ocean" on the sash at the bottom of the coat of arms, showing the importance of its strategic position. On both sides of the coat of arms, sugarcane, the country's main agricultural product, as well as the main animals wild deer and the dodo bird, which have been lost for many years, add a touch of poetic nature to the shining sea.

National bird

dodo

extinct dodo . It is a giant bird, 100-110 cm long, about the size of a Turkey. It looks a bit like a dove, but has a short neck, a curved beak, and curly tail feathers. The body is bloated, the wings are degraded, and they are good at running, but they cannot fly. Meek and clumsy, he lives in the woods. It sounds like "Dodu". It feeds on the fruit of trees. Nest on the grass in the forest.

When the Portuguese discovered Mauritius in the early 16th century, they saw a new species of bird they had never seen before and named it the dodo, meaning "dork". By 1681, there was no sign of the dodo, which disappeared from the Earth only 200 years after it was first discovered.

The national flower

Red heart flower. It is an evergreen semi-curvaceous shrub of the Bignonia family. The plant is about 30-60 cm tall and its branches extend to be semi-curvaceous. Odd-pinnate compound leaves, oblong, leathery, with opalescent or opalescent markings. Flowering in late spring to autumn, corolla bell-shaped, five-petaled, white to pale pink, throat red.

Population nationality

broadcast

EDITOR

1.261 million (end of 2022). The population is mainly composed of Indians and Pakistanis (69%), Creoles (mixed European and African (27%)), Chinese (2.3%) and Europeans (1.7%). The official language is English, French is also widely spoken, and Creole is the most commonly spoken language. 52% of the population is Hindu, 30% Christian, 17% Islamic, and a small minority Buddhist.

In Mauritius in 2022 Ethnic Chinese About 20,000 people, mostly third - or fourth-generation Chinese, have been integrated into mainstream society, especially in Guangdong Mei County The majority of Hakka people, accounting for about 90%. About 75% of the Chinese are engaged in commercial and industrial activities, the rest are freelance and public officials, and most of them live a well-off life. Local Chinese have established the Chinese Business Association, Chinese Women's Federation, Chinese Language Promotion Association, Renhe Guild and other Chinese associations. ^[6]

political

broadcast

EDITOR

regime

Mauritius declared independence on 12 March 1968 Constitutional monarchy The Queen of England as head of state. It became a republic in March 1992. Since the independence of Mauritius, successive governments have maintained national unity and harmony and pursued a policy of cultural diversity, thus maintaining long-term political stability. Since independence, Mauritius has had a multi-party system, with the Labour Party, the Socialist Fighting Party (SWP), and the Fighting Party alternating in power or in coalition.

Political situation

In November 2019, the Mauritius Alliance, composed of the Social War Party, the Freedom Movement Party and others, won the National Assembly election, and Prime Minister Pravind Kumar Jugnauth was re-elected. In December, Prithvirajsing Roopun became president and Marie Cyril Eddy Boissezon became vice president. ^[1]

constitution

It was promulgated in 1968 and amended twice in 1991 and 1996. The Prime Minister, who is the majority leader of the parliament, exercises the executive power of the state and has the power to form and reorganize the government, dissolve the parliament and call early elections. Implement a multi-party system and a system of separation of legislative, executive and judicial powers. ^[1]

congress

Originally the Legislative Assembly, after the Constitution was amended in December 1991, it was changed to the National Assembly, which is the highest legislative body of the country with a unicameral system. Responsible for formulating laws, discussing state policies, approving government decrees and budgets. It is composed of 70 members who serve five-year terms. Of these, 62 are elected, while the remaining eight are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Election Commission from unsuccessful candidates. The current parliament is the 13th Parliament, established in November 2019, with a total of 70 members, of which the Mauritius Union has 42 seats; The opposition has 26 seats; Rodrigue Island local parliamentary party Rodrigue People's Organization 2 seats. The Speaker is a non-member elected at the first session of the new parliament for a term of five years, and is responsible for convening and presiding over parliamentary sessions without the right to vote, but has the right to decide when there is a deadlock in voting in the Parliament. The current Speaker, Sooroojdev Phokeer, took office in November 2019. ^[1]

cabinet

The Cabinet is the highest executive body, accountable to Parliament. The President shall be the ceremonial Head of State, nominated by the Prime Minister and elected with the approval of the Parliament for a term of five years; The President has the right to sign laws, appoint ambassadors abroad and receive credentials from foreign ambassadors. The Prime Minister is the head of government and holds the real power. He is the leader of the majority party in the parliament and exercises the executive power of the state. He has the power to form and reorganize the government, dissolve the parliament, and decide on early general elections. In March 2018, President Fakim was forced to resign due to the fraud case, and Vice President Voiapri took over as interim president. In November 2019, the Mauritius Alliance, composed of the Social War Party and the Freedom Movement Party, won the National Assembly election, and Prime Minister Pravind Kumar Jugnauth was re-elected. In December, Prithvirajsing Roopun became president and Marie Cyril Eddy Boissezon became vice president. ^[6]

government

The current government, which was formed on 12 November 2019, has 23 members: Prime Minister and Minister of Defence, Home Affairs and External Transport, Pravinder Kumar Jugnath, Minister of Rodrigue, Outer Islands and Territorial Integrity; Louis Steven Obeegadoo, First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Housing and Land Use Planning and Minister of Tourism; Leela Devi Dookun-Luchoomun, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education, Higher Education and Science and Technology (female); Mohammad Anwar Husnoo, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Local Government and Disaster Emergency Management; Maneesh Gobin, Attorney-General and Minister of Foreign Affairs, Regional Integration and International Trade; Alan Ganoo, Minister of Road Transport and Light Rail; Renganaden Padayachy, Minister of Finance and Economic Planning and Development; Georges Pierre Lesjongard, Minister of Energy and Public Utilities; Fazila Jeewa-Daureeawoo, Minister of Social Integration, Social Security and National Solidarity; Soomilduth Bholah, Minister of Industrial Development, Small and Medium Enterprises and Cooperatives; Kavydass Ramano, Minister of Environment, Solid Waste and Climate Change; Mahen Kumar Seeruttun, Minister of Financial Services and Good Governance; Jean Christophe Stephan Toussaint, Minister of Youth Empowerment, Sport and Leisure; Mahendranuth Sharma Hurreeram, Minister of National Infrastructure and Community Development; Darsanand Balgobin, Minister of Technology, Communications and Innovation; Soodesh Satkam Callichurn, Minister of Labour, Human Resource Development and Training; Kailesh Kumar Singh Jagutpal, Minister of Health and Wellness; Sudheer Maudhoo, Minister of Blue Economy, Marine Resources, Fisheries and Shipping; Kalpana Devi Koonjoo-Shah (female), Minister of Gender Equality and Family Welfare; Avinash Teeluck, Minister of Arts and Cultural Heritage; Teeruthraj Hurdoyal, Minister of Agriculture and Food security; Marie Christiane Dorine Chukowry, Minister of Commerce and Consumer Protection; Anjiv Ramdhany, Minister of Public Service, Administration and Institutional Reform. ^[1]

judiciary

The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body in the country. The Supreme Court is composed of the Chief Justice (President of the Supreme Court), the Senior Puisne Judge, and the Puisne Judge. Judges are appointed by the President after consultation with the Prime Minister; The second justices are appointed by the President after consultation with the justices; Judges are appointed by the President after consultation with the Justice and Law Commission. A person who has worked in the legal profession for at least five years is eligible for appointment to the Supreme Court. The current Supreme Court President is Bibi Rehana Mungly-Gulbul (female).

The Supreme Court consists of criminal courts, intermediate courts, district courts, industrial relations courts, and permanent arbitration courts. The Court of Civil Appeal and the Court of Criminal Appeal are two branches of the Supreme Court whose judges are judges of the Supreme Court Duty. ^[1]

Political party

The main political parties are:

(1) The Socialist Fighting Party (Militant Socialist Movement/Mouvement Socialiste Militant, MSM) : Social War Party. It was formed in March 1983 by the merger of members of the former Fighting Party and some members of the former Socialist Party. He has been in coalition with the Labour Party, the Social Democratic Party, and the Fighting Party. In December 1995, he was defeated by a coalition of Labor and the Fighting Party, ending 12 years in power. In January 1999, the Social War Party formed an alliance with the Fighting Party, with Anerod Jugnauth as its leader. In February 2000, the Social War League was dissolved. In July, the Social War Party again allied with the Fighting Party and defeated the Labor Party in the general election held in September, with Anerod Jugnauth as Prime Minister. In April 2003, Anerod Jugnauth resigned as leader of the Social War Party and was succeeded by Pravinder Jugnauth. Under an alliance agreement between the two parties, Anerod Jugnauth became president in September 2003. In 2005, the Social War League lost the general election and lost power. He joined the Labour-led Coalition for the Future in the 2010 general election and joined the government after winning. In August 2011, the ruling coalition collapsed and the Social War Party withdrew from the government and went into opposition. In 2014, the People's League, led by the Social War Party, won the general election and took power. In November 2019, the Mauritius Alliance, formed by the Social War Party and the Freedom Movement Party, won the National Assembly elections again. Internally, it advocates Western-style democracy, social reform, expansion of productive employment, and the creation of a "better and just" Mauritius; We advocate a pragmatic foreign policy, develop relations with countries with different social systems, oppose racial discrimination, and support the establishment of a peace zone in the Indian Ocean. Leader Pravinder Jugnath.

(2) Social Democratic Party of Mauritius (Mauritian Social Democratic Party/Parti Mauricien Social Democrate, PMSD) : Social Democratic Party. Formerly known as the Mauritius People's Union, it was renamed the Mauritius Party in 1953 and adopted its current name in 1964. He participated in the Government from 1983 to 1988, from 2000 to 2005, and from April 2006 to September 2007. In 2014, the Social Democratic Party joined forces with the Social War Party and the Freedom Movement Party to form the "People's League" which won the general election and entered the government. In December 2016, the Social Democratic Party withdrew from the government and went into opposition. In 2019, the National Alliance, which formed a center-left opposition coalition with the Labor Party, lost the general election. Internationally, it has close relations with some right-wing parties in the West. Leaders It's Shah Duvall (Charles Gaetan Xavier Luc Duval).

(3) The Labour Party He ruled alone for a long time after independence. In 1982, the Labor Party lost the general election, and in 1983, it began to govern in coalition with the Social War Party, the Social Democratic Party, and the Fighting Party. In 1990, Labour ministers in the coalition government were sacked for opposing a republic, and Labour went into opposition. In 1995, the Labor Party and the Fighting Party coalition won the general election, and Navenchandra Ramgoolam became Prime Minister. In June 1997, the coalition collapsed and the Labour Party returned to power alone. In September 2000, the Labour Party lost the general election and went into opposition. In 2005, the Social Alliance led by the Labor Party won the election, and Ramgoolam became prime minister again. In May 2010, the Labor Party and the Social Democratic Party formed a "Future Alliance" to win the new general election, and Ramgoolam was re-elected as Prime minister. In 2014, Labor's coalition with the Fighting Party lost the general election and went into opposition. In 2019, the National Alliance, a center-left opposition coalition formed with the Social Democratic Party, was again defeated in the general election. Internally, the party advocates serving the working class and small farmers and developing the national economy. Externally, it pursues a policy of non-alignment, advocates developing relations with both Eastern and Western countries, especially strengthening solidarity with African countries, and advocates the establishment of a peace zone in the Indian Ocean. Its leader, Navinchandra Ramgoolam.

(4) Mauritius Fighting Party (Mauritian Militant Movement/Mouvement Militant Mauricien, MMM) : The Fighting Party. Founded in 1969, it is composed mainly of intellectuals, youth, Muslims and people of Indian descent. After the Social War Coalition came to power in September 2000, Berenger became Deputy Prime Minister and Finance minister. Under a coalition agreement between the two parties, Berenger became Prime Minister from September 2003. He lost the 2005 general election and went into opposition. In the 2010 general election, he formed a "Coalition of the Heart" with the National Unity Party and the Social Democratic Movement Party, but failed again. He fought the 2014 general election in coalition with the Labour Party, but was defeated. He lost the 2019 election alone. Internally, it advocates political democratization, freedom of the press, association and trade unions, economic openness to the outside world, and the development of the national economy. It advocated non-alignment and neutrality, established friendly relations with other countries, opposed the militarization of the Indian Ocean, and demanded that Britain return Diego Garcia Island. Leaders Paul Berenger (Paul Berenger). ^[1]

dignitaries

Pravinder Kumar Jagannath : Prime Minister and Minister of Defence, Interior and External Transport, Minister of Rodrigues, Outer Islands and Territorial Integrity. Born December 25, 1961, son of former Prime Minister Anerod Jugnauth. He studied at the University of Buckingham in the UK, Lincoln's Inn and the University of Aix-en-Provence in France, where he obtained a Master's degree in law and worked as a lawyer. He joined the Maoist War Party in 1987 and has been its deputy leader since 1999 and its leader since 2003. He has been elected to Parliament several times and served in successive governments as Minister of Agriculture, Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister, Minister of Technology, Communications and Innovation, and Finance Minister. He took over as Prime Minister in January 2017. In November 2019, he was re-elected as Prime Minister.

economy

broadcast

EDITOR

Mauritius (2 photos)

Mauritius is one of the most economically developed countries in Africa and ranked 52nd in the World Economic Forum's 2019 Global Competitiveness Report, ranking first among African countries. In the late 1970s, it began to adjust the economic structure, implement diversified industrial policies, and gradually form the four economic pillars of manufacturing, financial services, tourism and information and communication industries. It actively explored the international market and achieved rapid economic development, known as the "Mauritius Miracle". In 2008, the international financial crisis had a certain impact on the wool export processing industry, the textile industry and the tourism industry. Since the "People's League" government came to power in 2014, with the slogan of realizing the "Second economic miracle", it has formulated the "Vision 2030" plan, intensified macro-control, promoted economic restructuring, and focused on building pillars of emerging industries such as port development, high-end manufacturing, information innovation, and Marine economy to ensure steady economic growth. After his succession in 2017, Prime Minister Pravinder Jugnauth formulated a three-year development strategy and implemented pragmatic economic policies, focusing on infrastructure construction, attracting foreign investment, poverty reduction and benefiting the people. In 2020, due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic, tourism and other pillar industries have been severely hit.

Key economic data for 2022 (Source: National Statistical Office of Mauritius)
Gross Domestic product (GDP)	$13.414 billion
Gross domestic product per capita	$10,625
Economic growth rate	7.8%
Exchange rate	One dollar is worth about 41.95 rupees
Inflation rate	10.8%
Foreign exchange reserve	$9.09 billion
Reference material

industry

Manufacturing remains the main pillar industry in Mauritius. In 2020, the manufacturing output value is 460.27 billion rupees, down 17.8% year-on-year, accounting for 10.7% of GDP, among which, food manufacturing accounts for a relatively large proportion in the manufacturing industry, the output value is 18.171 billion rupees, accounting for 4.23% of GDP, down 11.9% year-on-year; The output value of the traditional pillar industry textile industry was 10,891 billion rupees, accounting for 2.53% of GDP, down 30.9% year-on-year; The sugar industry is worth Rs 391 crore. In 2020, clothing and clothing accessories exports 15.484 billion rupees, about $387 million, the main export items are T-shirts, jumpers, shirts and trousers. Mauritius Textile Company (CMT) and Sky Group (CIEL) are the leading textile companies in Mauritius.

Mainly in the sugar industry and export processing industry. The total gross sugar production in 2022 is about 240,000 tons, a decrease of 6.2% from 255,800 tons in 2021.

Export processing industry is a new industry developed in the early 1980s, the main products are textiles, clothing, watches, jewelry, instruments and so on. The enterprises in the gross export processing zone are mainly domestic capital, and the rest come from France, Germany, Italy, India and other countries and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

In 2020, the construction industry output value is 16,798 crore, about $416 million, accounting for 3.9% of GDP. Major Construction companies are Gamma Civic Ltd., General Construction Co. Ltd. And Hyvec Partners Ltd. ^[2]

agriculture

A boat-shaped kiosk on the waterfront of Port Louis

The country's arable land area is 110,800 hectares, accounting for 46% of the total area of the country, including 76,186 hectares of sugar cane fields and 5,262 hectares of grain fields. About 200,000 tons of grain are imported every year. Other crops are tea, tobacco, Onions, fruits and so on. Animal husbandry to raise cattle, sheep, pigs, deer, chickens and so on. 80% of dairy products and 90% of beef are imported, and pork, chicken and vegetables are basically self-sufficient. Gross agricultural output is expected to grow by 2.8% in 2022.

The gross coastline is about 250 km long, there are 2.3 million square kilometers of exclusive economic zone, the high economic value of the fishery resources mainly tuna. The wool fishing industry developed rapidly in the 1980s. Since 1992, in order to protect fishery resources and avoid overfishing, the government has adopted restrictive measures. Seafood can not be self-sufficient, and a large number of imports are needed every year. In the first half of 2022, hairy fish production decreased by 14.7% to 12,048 tonnes from 14,132 tonnes in the first half of 2021. Among them, the catch of deep-sea fish (such as tuna) decreased by 16.8 percent, and the catch of coastal fish increased by 40.4 percent. ^[2]

tourism

It is an important foreign exchange earning industry, accounting for about 7.8% of gross GDP. In 2021, the tourism revenue of 15.25 billion rupees, a decrease of about 2.4 billion rupees compared with 2020, the total number of foreign tourists received 180,000, a decrease of 41.8%, tourists mainly from Europe, of which France, the United Kingdom and Germany are the three major sources of tourists.

In 2020, Mauritius received a total of 309,000 foreign tourists, down 77.7% from the previous year, and tourism revenue for the year was 1,766 billion rupees, down 72% from the previous year. Tourists mainly come from Western European countries such as France, Britain, Germany and neighboring countries or regions such as Reunion and South Africa, and European tourists account for 60.4% of the total number of tourists. Europe is the traditional tourist market for Mauritius, with 207,600 European visitors in 2020, down 75.2% from the previous year. Among them, the number of French tourists was 79,500, down 73.7% year-on-year; The number of British visitors was 141,500, down 6.8 per cent year-on-year. By the end of 2020, there are 106 hotels in Mauritius with a total of 12,171 rooms, of which 53 are large hotels with more than 80 rooms. Well-known companies in the hotel industry include Beachcomber Group and Sun Resorts Group. The number of tourism-related employees totaled 32,873, an increase of 3.3% over 2019, including 3,850 in the catering industry, 25,472 in hotels and 3,551 in other tourism services. ^[2]

Financial services industry

It has developed rapidly in recent years. The gross financial and insurance market is free and open. The liberalization of bank interest rates shall be decided by the commercial banks themselves; There are no exchange controls and the local currency, the rupee, is freely convertible with foreign currencies. In 2017, the output value of the gross financial and insurance industries increased by 5.5 percent. Set up and operated on the model of the Bank of England, reporting directly to Parliament and playing an active role in the supervision of financial institutions and the administration of clearing, payments and settlement systems; The Commercial Bank of Mauritius (MCB) and the National Bank of Mauritius (SBM) are the top two commercial banks in terms of gross gross, accounting for 40% and 30% of the domestic market share respectively. In addition to ordinary banking, the business scope also involves financial leasing, insurance financing, investment management, funds, securities, etc. MCB was ranked by the Banker magazine. The overall ranking ranked first in East Africa and 20th in Africa.

The total output value of the financial services industry in 2020 was Rs 492.62 crore, accounting for 11.5% of the total GDP, up 1% year-on-year. Among them, the output value of banking financial institutions was Rs 3,058 crore, accounting for 7.1% of GDP, up 0.9% year-on-year; The value of insurance and pensions was Rs 1,0531 crore or 2.5 per cent of GDP, up 2.4 per cent year-on-year. The Commercial Bank of Mauritius (MCB) is the leading company in this industry. ^[2]

As of June 2020, there are 20 local commercial banks in Mauritius, including 9 local banks, 8 foreign banks and 3 branches of foreign banks, with a total of 166 business outlets and 8,266 employees. The Bank of Mauritius is the central bank of Mauritius, and as of 2020, there are about 20 insurance companies in Mauritius. ^[2]

foreign trade

It mainly exports sugar and export processing zone products, imports grain and other food, cotton and wool raw materials, machinery and equipment, petroleum products, etc. It has trade with more than 100 countries and regions, and its main trading partners are France, Britain, the United States, India, China and so on. In 2022, gross imports and exports will total about $9.394 billion (Rs 39,408 crore), exports will be about $2.424 billion (Rs 101,680 crore) and imports will be about $6.97 billion (Rs 29,24 crore).

Foreign capital

According to data released by the Mauritius National Bureau of Statistics, foreign investment in Mauritius totaled 14.193 billion rupees (about 358 million US dollars) in 2020, down about 36.3% from the previous year. Among them, France ranked first with $105 million in direct investment; South Africa, Switzerland and the United States ranked second, third and fourth respectively.

According to the World Investment Report 2021 released by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), Mauritius will attract 246 million US dollars in foreign investment flows in 2020. By the end of 2020, the stock of foreign investment in Mauritius stood at US $5.72 billion. ^[2]

Foreign aid

Mauritius' major aid partners include India, France, China, Japan, Saudi Arabia, the World Bank and the African Development Bank in areas such as agriculture, forestry and fisheries, management and budget support, education, energy, health, administration and capacity building, political governance, private sector development, community development, road transport and infrastructure, water and pollution control. ^[2]

culture

broadcast

EDITOR

Language

The official language is English, French is widely used, and most newspapers and magazines are French; Creole is the most widely spoken language of the people. In addition, each ethnic group has its own language, such as Hindi, Pojiburi, Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Urdu, Gujarati and Cantonese in China Hakka Let's wait. ^[6]

religion

Each ethnic group in Mauritius has its own religious beliefs: Hinduism is practiced by Indians, Islam is practiced by Muslims, Catholicism and Christianity are practiced by French, British and Creoles, and Buddhism is practiced by Chinese. There are also many Catholics and Christians among Indians and Chinese. 52% of the country's population is Hindu, 30% Christian, 17% Islamic, and a minority Buddhist. ^[6]

custom

Mauritians rank Christmas as the most important and favourite holiday. Mauritians are sincere, humble, emotional, and dressed neatly and appropriately on social occasions. When meeting guests on social occasions, shake hands with the guests who have been introduced and give their names; In the gathering of relatives and friends, between women and women, men and women, can be boned, but the woman and the elderly initiative is better. Mauritians love to send flowers, but there is no strict distinction between the type and quantity of flowers. The address and greeting when meeting are very particular, to be crowned with Mr., Miss, Mrs. And title in front of the name. Use first names only among close friends. If you want to meet someone in Mauritius, you must make an appointment in advance, and it is impolite to visit unannounced. Be on time for business or personal appointments. To the local people's home to participate in the party, according to the custom to send wine to the host, champagne, red wine, etc., but the Chinese party prefer whiskey. At formal or informal banquets, people like to raise their glasses. In Mauritius, people talk about personal income, age, religious beliefs, emotions and other privacy taboo. Mauritius people eat Indian food, Western food, but also like Chinese food. ^[6]

Dance

Seca Sega is the name given to the indigenous folk music and dance of Mauritius. Seka music comes from Africa and originated during French colonial rule. As a result, the lyrics of traditional seka music often describe the hardships of life of slaves on the island; In modern times, it has developed into an outlet for black residents to complain about the inequality they have suffered. The seka song and dance has also become one of the attractions for tourists. Most of the performances are performed by male performers who play instruments and female performers who dance. The Musical Instruments used over the years were similar, including the ravane with an eardrum made of goatskin, the maravann, and the triangle iron. Female dancers wear brightly colored dresses and move to a brisk rhythm. Many hotels on the island offer seka cabaret performances.

Postage stamp

Mauritius Post Office stamps

In 1847, Mauritius became the fifth region in the world to issue postage stamps. Two stamps were issued at that time, neither of which was an official issue, but were printed by the Governor-general's wife in order to follow the fashion and copy British stamps such as Penny black, mainly to send invitations to guests at one of her balls. At that time, the watchmaker who was responsible for engraving the plate because of his old eyes, the Governor's wife asked for the "POST PAID" mistakenly engraved as "POST OFFICE", which is the famous Mauritius "post office" stamp. Because the issue time was early, the circulation was small, and the mistake was made, so it soon received the attention of many postal merchants, and it is because of the concern and speculation of postal merchants that these stamps have become world-class precious postal.

diet

The staple food of Mauritius is rice. People love Indian rice. Most South Indians like to eat fish. Chinese people like meat. Many people like to eat with a knife and fork. Due to ethnic and cultural diversity, the diet of Mauritius is also dominated by Creole cuisine, Chinese cuisine, European cuisine and Indian cuisine Such as influence, so a meal often mixed with different local dishes. Indian cuisine, in particular, has had the greatest influence on Mauritian food culture, with curries, spices and a paella called Briyani being introduced into the Mauritian diet. Mauritius was once under French rule, so French cuisine is also popular, but influenced by Indian and African cuisine, this "variant" of French cuisine is flavored with chili and spices.

Festivals

Mauritius is a multi-ethnic country, and its legal holidays include Indian, Chinese and Muslim festivals, so the dates of the holidays vary slightly each year. The statutory holidays for 2021 are as follows: January 1-2, New Year's Day; January 28, needle festival; February 11, Chinese Spring Festival; February 1, the day of the abolition of slavery; February 21, the Hindu Shiva Festival; March 12, National Day and Independence Day; March 25, Indian New Year; May 1, International Labor Day; May 24, Eid al-Fitr; August 15, the Feast of the Assumption; August 23, Ganesh Festival; November 2, the day Indian laborers arrive; November 4, the Hindu Lighting of Lights festival; December 25th, Christmas Day. Every Saturday and Sunday are public holidays, and some public offices work on Saturday mornings. ^[6]

Military affairs

broadcast

EDITOR

Mauritius has no regular combat forces, and its armed forces are composed of police, National Security Agency, anti-drug trafficking and smuggling forces, helicopter forces, coast patrol, and special mobile units, with a total of about 10,000 people, equipped with small aircraft, helicopters, armored vehicles, artillery, and patrol boats. The constitution makes the president commander-in-chief of the armed forces, but de facto control of the armed forces rests with the prime minister.

The Secret Service is part of the National Security Agency, which guards and oversees diplomatic missions. In July 1990, the government decided to establish rapid intervention Brigades with a mandate to maintain public order. The brigade is well equipped and trained by foreign instructors. Britain, France and India played a major role in the development of the Maoist armed forces, including training personnel and updating equipment, and the Maoist armed forces were established by Britain, France and India.

traffic

broadcast

EDITOR

highroad

Mauritius has no railway, inland transport is mainly road transport, road transport is more developed, the main means of transport is the car. In 2019, the total length of highways reached 2,772 kilometers, of which 104 kilometers were expressways, accounting for 3.75% of the total mileage of highways. Main road 1140 km; 913 km of secondary roads; Other roads 615 km. The road vehicle density is 209 vehicles per kilometer. As of 2019, a total of 581,000 motor vehicles had been registered by the traffic administration, an increase of 4.5% year-on-year. According to the strategic plan of the Mauritius government, the first phase of the light rail project from Port Louis to Kupi City, Port Louis to Holing City, has been put into trial operation at the end of 2019, with a total length of 26 kilometers and a total of 19 stations, and the Katabang station will be opened in the middle in June 2021. ^[2]

Sea transport

Maritime transport plays an important role in the transport industry of Mauritius. Located in the northwest of Mauritius, Port Louis is the island's only commercial deep-water port. Its geographical location, with the function of a bridge between Africa, Europe, Asia and Australia, plays an important role in the development of the national economy, 99% of Mauritius's foreign trade operates through the port, which was declared a free port in 1993. The port has a high degree of modernization, a large container throughput, an annual container throughput of 850,000 TEU, can dock the most modern container ships, has 26 hectares of container terminals and 5 modern container cranes.

The Mauritius government is planning to turn Port Louis into a regional maritime hub. In 2019, a total of 3,536 ships called at Port Louis, carrying 8.516 million tons of cargo, of which 7.102 million tons of imported goods and 1.414 million tons of exported goods. The Port of Mauritius Authority is responsible for the management and overall planning and development of Port Louis, and the cargo transport company is authorized by the Port Authority to specifically handle cargo handling and coastal operations. ^[2]

Air freight

Air transport is Mauritius' main means of communication with the outside world. There are two airports, namely the "Airport" located in Plaisance. Sir Siwarsagur Ramgoolam International Airport "And Rodrigo Islanders use the airport. Among them, the new terminal of Ramgoolam Airport, built by Chinese enterprises, was completed in May 2013 and put into use in September, with an area of 32,000 square meters and an annual reception capacity of 4 million passengers. In 2019, Mauritius received 3,779,700 air passengers. The new airport terminal opened in October 2003 and is currently limited to small aircraft. Ramgoolam Airport now has more than 30 international routes, 150 flights per week, connecting more than 10 European, Asian and African countries.

Air Mauritius is the only airline in Mauritius, established in 1967 as a joint venture between the Government of Mauritius, Rogers Air, British Airways and Air France. ^[2]

society

broadcast

EDITOR

education

Mauritius inherited the British education system, with both primary and secondary schooling lasting six years. Free primary, secondary and primary education is implemented, and the population of developing countries is one of the most educated. The education rate of the population under the age of 30 is 95%. Since 1997, nine-year compulsory education has been implemented, and the enrollment rate of secondary schools has been raised to 95 percent. By October 2021, there will be 789 pre-school education schools with 23,600 students. 319 primary schools with 84,000 students; There are 178 middle schools with 102,700 students. There are 110 vocational schools with more than 8,000 students.

There are two universities in Mauritius, namely the University of Mauritius and the Technical University of Mauritius, which train undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral students. There are also eight junior colleges, among which the Mauritius Institute of Education is a junior college for training primary and secondary school teachers, and the Gandhi College is an Oriental Language and arts college built with the assistance of India. ^[6]

medium

Mauritius does not have a dedicated national news agency.

The main radio and television broadcaster in Mauritius is the Mauritius National Broadcasting Corporation (MBC), which is directly under the Office of the Prime Minister of Mauritius. It has three television channels, MBC1, MBC2 and MBC3, two FM FM and one short-wave and medium-wave radio channel. In addition, there are four pay-TV companies (PARABOLE, DSTV, LONDONSATELLITE and CANAL+) and three private broadcasters (RADIO ONE, RADIOPLUS and TOP FM), each with one FM channel.

The main media in Mauritius are French. The national comprehensive daily "Express" is the largest circulation newspaper, covering politics, economy, society and other aspects, the daily circulation can reach 100,000 copies; The Mauritius, a national evening newspaper with a daily circulation of about 60,000; The Sunday News and The Challenge are other influential major newspapers. According to statistics, there are 15 British and French newspapers and two Chinese newspapers in Mauritius, including "Overseas Chinese Times" and "Hua Sheng". ^[6]

Physical education

Mauritius first participated in the Olympic Games in 1984, and since then Mauritius has sent athletes to compete in every Olympic Games. Due to his strength, he has not won an Olympic medal until now.

Medical treatment

Mauritius has a welfare policy of free medical care, including diplomatic missions, tourists and foreign workers, and can enjoy free treatment in public hospitals. The national health care service system is complete, and private medical care is also perfect. In Mauritius, 85% of all medical needs are met by the public sector, with the remaining 15% covered by the private sector. By the end of 2019, there were 18 hospitals, 130 community medical centers, 19 private clinics, 4,709 beds and 361 pharmacies. There were 3,290 doctors, 536 pharmacists, 412 dentists and 4,494 nursing staff. There are an average of 25.9 doctors per 10,000 people.

According to the National Health Account of Mauritius, the total health expenditure of the country accounted for 5.67% of GDP in 2017, and the per capita health expenditure was 20,483 rupees. Infectious diseases have been brought under control in Mauritius, but the country has one of the highest rates of diabetes in the world. ^[6] In 1973, Mauritius was certified as malaria-free by the World Health Organization. ^[10]

infrastructure

Mauritius has sufficient electricity for production and domestic use, with a total power generation of 2,882 gigawatt hours (GWh) in 2020. Of this, 76.1% comes from non-renewable sources of coal (39.5%) and oil (36.6%), and 23.9% comes from renewable sources, including bagasse power (13.3%), hydropower (4%), solar photovoltaic (5.1%), wind power (0.6%), and landfill gas (0.9%). Annual sales of 2,448 GWH of electricity, the average selling price of about 6 rupees/KWH, of which industrial electricity about 655 GWH (26.8%). Both the Mauritius Central Electricity Authority and private independent power plants are the main suppliers of electricity in the region, with the former supplying about 40.8% and the latter a combined 59.2%. Private independent power plants are small electricity suppliers, and electricity enters the market through grid-connection with the central power Board. The proportion of the population with electricity reached 100%, ranking first in Africa.

According to the Mauritius Bureau of Statistics' Energy and Water Data 2020, the total amount of treated drinking water in Mauritius for the year was 304 million cubic meters, of which groundwater accounted for 47% and surface water for 53%. In 2020, a total of 385,000 households and units with registered water use will sell 109 million cubic meters of water, of which drinking water accounts for 88.6% and untreated water accounts for 11.4%, with a total revenue of Rs 155 billion from water sales. Mauritius has a high level of water treatment, with 100 per cent of the population using treated water sources, ranking first in sub-Saharan Africa. ^[2]

communication

Mauritius has two fixed-line operators, three mobile operators and 12 Internet service operators. By the end of 2020, the gross mobile network users were 1.32 million, an increase of 11.4% over the previous year, the fixed network users were 323,000, an increase of 5.2% over the previous year, and the mobile and fixed phone users were 1.91 million and 477,000, respectively, an increase of 2.5% and 4.4% over the previous year. The penetration rate of smartphones in the country is 81.4%, the proportion of Internet access is 72.6%, the proportion of TV channel users is 42.4%, and the use rate of smart TVS is 37.7%. In recent years, the government has stepped up efforts to develop the telecommunications industry, investing heavily in computer cities, education and training facilities, government websites, and free Internet access at post offices. There are 114 post offices in Mauritius. ^[2]

diplomacy

broadcast

EDITOR

Foreign policy

Mauritius pursues a neutral, non-aligned and all-round foreign policy, upholds that diplomacy serves economic development, advocates the development of friendly relations with all countries, actively participates in regional cooperation and South-South cooperation, and attaches importance to developing relations with countries in eastern and Southern Africa, countries of origin of gross population and countries bordering the Indian Ocean. As the spokesperson of small island states, it actively plays a role in international issues such as climate change.

毛是不结盟运动、非洲联盟、东南部非洲共同市场、南部非洲发展共同体、环印度洋联盟、印度洋委员会等组织成员，是环印度洋联盟、印度洋委员会秘书处所在地。 ^[1]

External relations

Relations with China

China established diplomatic relations with China on April 15, 1972. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties, the friendly cooperative relations between the two countries have developed smoothly. In January 2011, Vice Premier Hui Liangyu of The State Council visited Mauritius. In July of the same year, President Jugnauth came to China to attend the inauguration ceremony of Air Mauritius' direct flight to Shanghai and visited Zhejiang and Hainan. In September, China attended the sixth Central China Trade and Investment Expo. In November, Luo Fuhe, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, visited Mauritius. In April 2012, Sang Guowei, Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, visited Mauritius.

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties, China-Mauritius economic and technological cooperation and economic and trade exchanges have continued to develop. The two governments have signed a tax treaty and its protocols, an economic and technical cooperation agreement, and established a joint Committee on economic, technical and trade cooperation in 1985. In October 2019, China and Mauritania signed the bilateral Free Trade Agreement, which came into effect on January 1, 2021. In 2022, the total trade volume between China and the gross domestic product was $1.006 billion, up 10.8% year on year, of which China's exports were $974 million, up 11.7% year on year, and imports were $32 million, down 11.5% year on year. In December 2022, the RMB Clearing Bank of the Mauritius branch of the Bank of China was launched.

The two governments signed an agreement on cultural cooperation (1980). In 1988, China established the first overseas Chinese cultural center in Mauritius. There are frequent exchanges of visits between the cultural performance groups of the two sides. In 2003, China announced Mauritius as an outbound tourist destination for Chinese citizens. In 2013, the two countries signed a comprehensive visa waiver agreement. In December 2016, the Confucius Institute at the University of Mauritius was officially inaugurated. In May 2022, the two countries signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Education Cooperation. In December, the two countries signed a cultural agreement implementation plan for 2022-2025.

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the Chinese government, local governments and enterprises have provided a number of batches of anti-epidemic aid to Mauritius and actively assisted Mauritius in commercial procurement of anti-epidemic supplies in China. China has also provided vaccine assistance to Mauritania and assisted the Mauritania government in purchasing vaccines in China.

Relations with India

Fur printing has a special relationship. Anerod Jugnauth (Attended India-Africa Summit in 2015, 17th World Conference of Justices in November 2016), Prime Minister Pravinder Jugnath (May 2017) and Indian President Pranab Mukherjee (March 2013), Prime Minister Modi (March 2015), Speaker of Lok Sabha (Lower house) Mahajan (June 2017) and other leaders exchanged visits. In May, Prime Minister Jugnauth went to India to attend the inauguration ceremony of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. In April 2022, Prime Minister Jugnauth paid an official visit to India. ^[1]

Relations with France

^[1]

Relations with Britain

In April 2018, Prime Minister Pravinder Jugnauth visited the UK to attend the Commonwealth Conference. In June 2017, at the request of the Maoist side, the 71st session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution requesting the International Court of Justice to issue an advisory opinion on the impact and legal consequences of the separation and continued administration of the island by the United Kingdom on the completion of the decolonization process in Maoist countries. In May, the UN General Assembly voted to adopt a draft resolution submitted by the African Group on the implementation of the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice on the Island of Chara. In January 2020, Prime Minister Pravind Jugnauth met with British Prime Minister Boris Johnson in London, and the two sides agreed to continue dialogue and discussion on the Zha Island issue with a view to promoting an effective settlement of the issue. In February 2022, the Maoist government sent officials to the island and held a flag-raising ceremony. In November, the two governments officially launched negotiations on the sovereignty issue of Chashan Island. ^[1]

Relations with the United States

The presence of US troops on Diego Garcia, one of the Chagos islands disputed by Britain and China, is a sensitive issue in bilateral relations. ^[1]

Relations with South Africa

In December 1993, Mauritius established diplomatic relations with South Africa. South Africa is a major importer of wool, and the two countries signed a new agreement on Avoidance of Double Taxation in 1994. The two countries signed an amendment to the agreement on avoidance of double taxation. ^[1]

Relations with neighbouring countries

In 1982, he proposed the establishment of the Indian Ocean Commission, a regional organization, and in 1997, he proposed the establishment of the Indian Ocean Rim Regional Cooperation Alliance (now the Indian Ocean Rim Union). In October 2007, Foreign Minister Dulou attended a special ministerial meeting of the Indian Ocean Commission in Seychelles, at which it was decided that Mauritius, Madagascar, Seychelles and Comoros would form a regional group of Indian Ocean Island States (CMMS) to better safeguard the common interests of regional countries in the process of negotiating the Economic Partnership Agreement with the European Union. In March, Madagascan President Andry Rajoelina attended the Independence Day celebrations in Maos. ^[2]

Relations with Qatar

On 5 June 2017, Mauritius decided to agree with Qatar End of friendship. ^[3]

Special product

broadcast

EDITOR

Mauritius T-shirts, rattan ware, hand-crafted model boats, export sweaters, tea, shell carvings, spices, etc., are more popular specialties for tourists.

travel

broadcast

EDITOR

summarize

International financial crisis Tourism revenue was Rs 3172 crore, down 13.7 per cent year-on-year.

Hoedowns and seven colors of earth (4 photos)

The great American writer Mark Twain It has been praised that Mauritius is the original home of heaven, because heaven is modeled after the island of Mauritius. Today, this paradise has become a secret garden for the world to enjoy life and liberate itself. Mauritius is a beautiful country with beautiful scenery, beautiful beaches and bright sunshine attracting a large number of tourists from all over the world. In the northern Paprimoses garden, flowers and trees are lush and hundreds of birds are chirping.

Golf in Mauritius is ranked third in the world, behind England and India. The Cana Club in Mauritius is the oldest golf club in the Southern Hemisphere and the fourth oldest in the world.

Celebrity couple (9 photos)

Mauritius is one of the world's top five wedding and honeymoon destinations, attracting many celebrity couples to go every year, such as Chen Xiaochun couple, Liu Xuan couple, Yan Kuan couple, Zheng Xiyi couple have left sweet memories here.

economy

Mauritius is one of the more economically developed countries in Africa, with a gross "Human Development Index" of 0.804 in the 2007-2008 Human Development Report (higher than the 0.493 of sub-Saharan Africa and 0.691 of the global developing countries), ranking 65th out of 177 countries and second only to Seychelles (50th) among African countries. In the late 1970s, it began to adjust its economic structure, implement diversified industrial policies, and gradually form four economic pillars: sugar industry, export processing industry, tourism industry and financial services industry, achieving rapid economic development, known as the "Mauritius miracle".

Scenic spot

The Royal Botanical Garden of Pamplemousses

In 1768, French horticulturist Pierre POIVRE moved here and began introducing plants and animals unique to the world. After more than two centuries of operation, it has now become an internationally renowned large-scale botanical garden covering 60 acres.

The botanical garden takes its name from Pomplemus, a Javanese orange tree grown in the garden.

The garden has a wide variety of plants, including 80 species of palm plants introduced from Brazil, Madagascar and China, and nearly 20 species endemic to the Southwest Indian Ocean, including giant palm, capsicum, ebony, redwood, pandanus and papillae. The most attractive place is a lotus pond full of Amazon water lilies. Huge lotus leaves lie on a pool of green water. The lotus flowers are beautiful and full of vitality. There are also some unique animals in the park, including giant turtles from Seychelles, deer from Indonesia and red-billed birds from Madagascar.

In the garden, there are friendship trees planted by Chairman Li Peng and Chairman Li Ruihuan of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Colored Earth

On the southwest side of the island, the seven-color soil scenic spot is an irregular hilly mound of undulating soil. There is no grass on the mound, but the soil is in a variety of colors, especially when the sun falls, it will appear colorful. When a Frenchman planted sugar cane here, he found that only this can not grow lush sugarcane fields, so he asked geologists to develop and study, so that this magical and beautiful land is displayed in the eyes of the world. The seven-color earth is actually volcanic lava, because the temperature is uneven when it is cooled, and it contains metal components, and it shows the seven-color landscape after sunlight.

L 'ile Aux Cerfs

Deer used to wade across the bay, giving the island its name. There is a natural and beautiful lagoon, the water is wide and calm, and the sand is white and fine. The island is covered with coconut trees and a plant called Filaos, and the buildings are primitive stone or thatched huts. Visitors can enjoy a variety of sea sports: windsurfing, speedboats, glass bottom boats, water paragliding, banana boats, etc., and taste Creole (indigenous) food - seafood, snakes, etc. Restaurants are mostly simple and cute little pavilions. A narrow waterway separates Kashima from its neighbor, the Eastern Island, where visitors can swim or walk at low tide.

Crater (Trou Aux Cerfs)

The island of Mauritius was originally formed by a volcanic eruption. The crater is located on the central Mauritius Plateau. Looking down from the height, you can clearly see that the crater remains very complete, almost round shape, about 85 meters deep, about 200 meters in diameter, the crater is covered with grass, the periphery is uniform trees, like a green carpet beautiful. It also offers views of the city and the mountains surrounding the plateau.

Fortress Hill (La Citadelle)

Located in the center of the capital city of Port Louis, the hilltop can overlook the entire Port Louis city. The castle, called Adelaide Castle, was built between 1834 and 1840, named after the wife of King Guillaume IV of England, as a precaution against a rebellion aimed at overthrew slavery. The castle was in ruins after years of neglect and was renovated in the 1990s.

Bois Cheri Tea Garden

The tea factory uses mechanized operations to produce a variety of tropical flavor bags of powder tea, the products are mainly sold in Europe. Tea garden scenery is beautiful, there is a high tea room, in this tea, unlimited scenery panoramic view, people relaxed and happy.

Vanille Crocodile Park

It is a nature reserve and was opened to the public in 1985. Once a vanilla plantation, Australian zoologist Owen Griffiths and his Mauritian wife found the area suitable for breeding Nile crocodiles and introduced five from Madagascar. At present, the park is a base for breeding and breeding crocodiles. In addition to viewing, it can also make crocodile specimens, crocodile bags, belts and jewelry and other handicrafts. There is a fast food restaurant in the park where visitors can taste crocodile meat. In addition to crocodiles, there are monkeys, wild pigs, deer, giant turtles, lizards, bats and other reptiles and small mammals in the park.

Casela Bird Park

Located in Heihe District, covers an area of more than 10 hectares, built in 1979. There are more than 2,500 birds of 160 species and 21 species in the park, among which the more precious are the South American parrot, the tout bird, the pink stork, the red-crowned crane, the crown dove and so on. There are also bird specimens from all over the world, where you can see the world's endangered bird, the Mauritius long-necked pigeon. The park also has an aquarium and keeps tigers, leopards, lemurs, turtles, small kangaroos and other animals.

Sugar Museum (L 'Aventure du Sucre)

The Sugar Museum is located in the north of the capital Port Louis, near the Ramgoolam Botanical Garden, converted from the Beau Plan sugar factory, which closed in 1999, with an area of about 5,000 square meters. The museum basically retains the original appearance of the sugar factory, and comprehensively displays the history of Mauritius and the development of the sugar industry through multimedia, text and picture materials, physical objects and activity models. It is an ideal place to learn about the historical changes of Mauritius and the development of the sugar industry. ^[9]

World cultural heritage

name	time	introduce
Apravasi Gat district	2006	The 1640 square meter Port Louis area is the origin of the modern indentured labor migration. In 1834, the British government chose the island of Mauritius as the first site for the so-called "Great experiment," replacing slaves with free labor. Between 1834 and 1920, nearly half a million indentured laborers arrived in Apravasi Gat from India to work in sugar mills in Mauritius, or were shipped to Reunion Island in Australia, southern and eastern Africa, or the Caribbean. The architecture of Apravasi Gat is one of the first clear examples of the future world economic system and the greatest testimony of migration in history. ^[7]
Mona Mountain cultural landscape	2008	The cultural landscape of Mount Mona is located in the southwest of Mauritius. The mountains are steep and reach out into the sea. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, Mount Mona was a refuge for runaway black slaves. The mountains here became a defensive fortress for slaves and provided them with shelter, which made Mount Mona a unique testament to the resistance of slaves to slavery and escape. The steep cliffs were remote, heavily forested and inaccessible, and many escaped slaves built small settlements in caves or on mountaintops. The runaway slave phenomenon and its effects have been seen in other parts of the world as well, but it is powerfully confirmed on Mount Mona. Mount Mona is a symbol of the plight of escaped slaves, their struggle for freedom and the sacrifices they made, not only because of their location, but also because of the countries from which the slaves came - most of them from the African continent, Madagascar, India and Southeast Asia. ^{[8 ]}

Amusement project

Golf ball

18-hole courses: Le Paradis Hotel and Belle Mare Plage Hotel

9 hole courses: Shandrani Hotel and St.Geran Hotel

The above hotels have a clubhouse with a practice area, storage room and personal coaching services. Practice balls and clubs can be rented at the clubhouse.

Entertainment casino

Some hotels have casinos offering a variety of gaming options, including Le Paradis, La Pirogue, St.Geran, Belle Mare Plage and Berjaya. Casinos are also found in the cities of Curepipe, Domaine Les Pailles and Port Louis.

Racehorse

The Mauritius horse season runs from May to November each year, and the "race" is held in late August or early September; Le Champ de Mars, the second oldest horse farm in the world, is located in Port Louis.

Water sports

Most hotels offer free water skiing, sailing and snorkeling, as well as free teaching for beginners, while deep-sea fishing and diving are available for a reasonable fee.

Deep-sea fishing

Mauritius is a haven for deep-sea fishing, with many species of large fish hunting from November to April and May around the island in waters up to 70 metres deep, about a mile away. Guests can rent fishing boats at the hotel, all boats are equipped with fishing gear and facilities, and have advanced communication equipment to maintain close contact with the shore and other fishing boats. Some fishing clubs also have restaurants, swimming pools, discos and billiards for anglers to use.

Undersea walk

Those who do not know how to swim can contact the hotel's travel agency to arrange or go to Grand Baie on their own to try the underwater walk, which can also enjoy the beautiful underwater scenery.

Dive

Diving is an indispensable part of the hotel's water activities, and each hotel offers diving training courses; Eye-catching corals and more than 1,000 species of fish can be seen on the seabed of Mauritius at a depth of 25 meters. But beware of bottom fishing, collecting shells, corals and fish is prohibited.

aeroglide

The ideal location is the Domaine du Chasseur

epidemic

On December 10, 2021, Mauritius reported its first two cases of infection with the Omicron strain. Another infected person, a native of Mauritius, tested positive for nucleic acid on 30 November after coming into contact with a person who had recently returned from a trip to South Africa. After isolation treatment in the hospital, the nucleic acid test results of the two infected people turned negative and have now returned to their respective places of residence. ^[5]

Hit the road

Growth task Introduction to editing Editing rule Edit by oneself

I have a question.

Content questioning Online customer service Official post bar feedback

Complaint and suggestion

Report bad information The article was not appealed Complaint infringement information Blocked query and unblocked

Beijing Public network Anbei 11000002000001