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The city of Krakow is
Poland
Largest industry in the South
city
The capital of Krakow Province, a municipality directly under the central government, is located
Vistula
The upstream banks, with a population of about 740,000, have a long history and were built around 700 AD
Central Europe
One of the oldest cities, home to the Vistula people.
On December 26, 2019, it ranked 362 on the list of Top 500 Global Cities in 2019.
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- Chinese name
- Krakow
- Foreign name
- Krakow
- Administrative category
- Municipality directly under the central government
- Population number
- About 740,000
- prescription
- POLISH
- Home country
- Poland
The ancient city of Krakow is located on the upper left bank of the Vistula River in southern Poland, about 250 kilometers from Warsaw. It's medieval.
Ancient capital
The third largest city in Poland and an important railway hub, it is known as a historic city and cultural center. Krakow is the largest cultural, scientific, industrial and tourist center in Poland, and was once the capital of Poland. Krakow was founded in the 7th century, and before it was incorporated into Poland at the end of the 10th century,
Wisla
The Duke has established his capital here. Krakow became the capital of Poland from King Kazimir the "Revivalist" (1034-1058).
In 1287-1288, Leszek II took the throne
The Defense of Krakow
The victory was defeated
Mongols
The attack.
From 1320 Krakow was the seat of the coronation of Kings. The Kosciushko Uprising of 1794 was centered in Krakow. When the ruling dynasty moved its capital to Warsaw in the 18th century, the city, which had been beautiful for nearly 700 years, was forgotten. After the partition of Poland, Krakow became part of Austria; During World War II, it was incorporated again
Germany
At the time Krakow was one of the largest centres of resistance in Poland.
Krakow is an example of a medieval European capital that evolved from a single castle to two vibrant new cities. The city's classical buildings, filled with medieval style, known as the most beautiful city in Poland. The old town is centered on the Old Town Square, only a 20-minute walk from the train station. In the center of the square is the Sukiennice Market, built in the 16th century. The lower level of the market is a variety of souvenir shops, mainly wood products, embroidery and leather, and the National Museum is located upstairs. East of the square is St.Mary's Church, whose bell tower is trumpeted every hour. South of the square is Grodzka Street, which leads up the hill to Wawel Castel Castle. The castle was the palace of the Polish Kings, and the cathedral was the place where they were crowned and buried. The Market square is a key point in the neighborhood, with countless streets stretching from here to the foot of the city wall. The center of the city changed over time, eventually returning to the old town and market square established in 1257, where red brick and stone were commonly used in various buildings. The old town is colorful: the great market, including the famous costume Hall, surrounded by churches, monasteries, bell towers and square towers; The city is surrounded by a series of wealthy houses built in the 17th and 18th centuries; In other parts of the city, hidden by church steeples
Middle class
constructed
Gothic
, Renaissance style and
baroque
A house.
Krakow has always been called the New Prague by travel magazines, this city with a strong literary atmosphere, seen so many famous European Square, always crowded with boutique restaurants to attract tourists, but there is a 4-story Empik bookstore in the south of Rynek Glowny Square, which is rare, showing Mrs. Krakow's love for reading. There are 11 universities in the city, of which the Jagiellonian University is the most famous. It is also home to the largest concentration of historical sites in Poland and one of the largest tourist cities in Poland, with more than 2 million visitors per year.
Krakow was the home of the Vistula people, who ruled Lesser Poland until the 10th century.
Krakow
Krakow is the second largest city in Poland, historically in Poland
Former capital
.
Renaissance
Poland was the most prosperous and powerful country in eastern Europe. Poland has long maintained its reputation as one of the most advanced countries in Europe. Krakow is one of the cultural and scientific centers of Europe. The famous astronomer Copernicus was in
University of Krakow
Get an education.
Before the German occupation of Poland, Krakow was one of the first and most open areas of continental Europe to Jews. As early as the 15th century, Casimir the Great issued a decree allowing Jews to trade in Krakow. Since then, the genius of the Jews has done much for the development of Krakow's economy. After the death of Augustus II, Poland declined, and Krakow and Warsaw ended their status as great cities. In 1770, 1774, and 1792, Poland was partitioned three times, and Krakow was transferred to Austria. It was not until 1918, when Poland became independent, that Krakow again became an important city in Independent Poland.
The Muzeum Fryderyka Chopina is located in the Baroque Ostrovsky Palace built by the knight of Krakow Ostrovsky. The museum attracts fans of Chopin's music from home and abroad. Inside the museum
Chopin
There are also more than 2,500 books and photos of pianos that were used last. The museum's permanent exhibits include personal letters written by Chopin to friends and family, scores written by Chopin, and more
Chopenben
Portraits of people and their families.
State Krakow
Jagiellonian University
It is a school with a long history of more than 600 years, founded in 1364, and is the oldest university in Europe, ranking sixth. The school has 56 professional areas of teaching and research, 13 schools, can award bachelor's and master's degrees, can also be combined; Doctoral degree and post-doctoral degree, these faculties are: Faculty of Law and Administration: Ancient Roman Law; Historiography of Canon law; Common law history; History of Polish law; Administrative history; European jurisprudence; Internal law; Private international law; Agricultural law; Internal affairs litigation; Business and commercial law; Criminal law; Criminology; Defense and policing; Criminal proceedings; Administrative law; Environmental protection law; Public commercial law; Finance law; Administrative litigation; Labor law and social security; The Constitution;
Sociology of law
; Public international law; Legal principles and philosophy; Economics; Economic policy; Human rights. School of Philosophy: Branch of Philosophy; Department of Psychology; School of Education; Branch of Religious Studies. School of Sociology, School of History: School of Archaeology; Department of Anthropology; School of History; Branch of Literature History; Judaism; Musicology Branch. School of Languages: Branch of Classical Literature; English branch; German Language branch; Asia Branch; Polish language branch; Latin branch; Slavic language branch; East Slavic Branch; Hungarian; Indo-european; School of Mathematics and Physics; Mathematics branch; Physical branch; Computer Science Branch. School of Biology and Geography: Plant Branch; Branch of Environmental Sciences; Branch of Geography and Spatial Science; Branch of Geological Sciences; Branch of Zoology;
School of biological engineering
: Department of Analytical Biochemistry; Department of Physical Biochemistry; Department of Macrobiochemistry; Department of Microbial Chemistry; Department of Biophysics; Microbial system; Department of plant Physiology and Evolution; Department of Immunology.
Krakow's Central square (Rynek Glowny), known as the largest medieval square in Europe, is also the most exciting place in Krakow, warm and vibrant, delicate and simple, many people to Krakow is specifically to feel the local customs of Poland. The textile hall in the center of the square has been converted into a shopping mall and museum, with stalls selling various Polish folk handicrafts such as amber, wooden plates, and Polish dolls.
Located on the outskirts of Krakow, the Vielichka salt mine has been mined since the 13th century and is still being excavated today, making it one of the oldest salt mines still working in Europe. It contains many works of art, altars and statues carved out of salt. The Vielichka salt mine is the crystallization of medieval labor art. Since the 14th century
The Vilichka salt Mine
It became one of the mining cities, which was at its peak in the 15th and 16th centuries, and the salt mines began to expand in the 18th and 19th centuries, becoming the famous salt capital of Poland. It was declared a national monument of Poland in 1976 and designated by the United Nations in 1978
World cultural heritage
One of them. The salt deposit is 4 kilometers long, 1.5 kilometers wide, 300 ~ 400 meters thick, and the roadway is more than 300 kilometers long. So far, nine layers have been mined, with a depth of 327 meters and a total of 20 million cubic meters of salt. In order to facilitate inspection and visit, a stairway was built in the mine as early as 1744. More than 130 meters above the ground, the salt Road has built a rare tourist attraction in the world. There are museums, recreation halls, and the original salt lake, prayer hall, and miners' work scene have been preserved. There are many statues and decorations in it, all carved out of salt. The salt mine is not only for tourists to visit, but also for patients with certain diseases to come here for treatment. In 1964, a sanatorium for the study of allergic diseases was opened at a depth of 211 metres in the fifth mining area of the salt mine, and in 1974 a sanatorium was built under the mine for patients with respiratory diseases.
Opening hours: 8:00 ~ 18:00 from April 16th to October 15th every year; Other hours are from 8:00 to 16:00. Tour times in English are 10:00, 11:30, 12:30, 13:45, 15:00, depending on the season and number of guests.
Transportation: From Krakow to Vejelichka transportation is very convenient, there is a Mini Bus next to the Krakow bus station can take, the frequency is about 20 minutes, you can get on the bus directly to the driver. After getting off, turn into the hillside and walk for about 3 minutes, there is a gate similar to a radio station on the right side, and you can go straight ahead to the service center and the ticket booth.
The city of Krakow in the 15th century was surrounded by trenches and two walls, and the city had eight gates. During the Second World War, Poland was engulfed in war, only Krakow was spared, and the medieval old city was completely preserved
UNESCO
In 1978, Krakow's Old town was listed as a World Heritage Site.
After coming out of Krakow station, you can enter the old city of Krakow from the pedestrian underpass after some vendors selling fruit and bread. Along the wall you can enter the largest city Gate of the time, the Florian Gate, which is also the main gate, named after the patron saint of Krakow, built in 1307, and flanked by two small towers with golden statues, the dark wall is covered with many colorful paintings, Watercolor, oil painting, drawing; Scenery, people or still life, Krakow's art and culture suddenly burst into life.
Florianska Street, directly opposite the city gate of Florian, is the most lively street in Krakow, with restaurants, hotels, cafes, clothing, art shops, etc., which are not only crowded with tourists, but also a paradise for street entertainers, with performers showing their talent every few steps, and people can buy Krakow artists' works there.
In ancient times it was the center of Krakow, known as the Main Market. In the 14th century, merchants traded all kinds of woolen goods here, and built a special handicraft trading hall in this spacious and beautiful square.
Renaissance period
It was rebuilt. The current hall houses a souvenir shop on the first floor and the National Museum Gallery on the second floor, which houses the works of 18th and 19th century painters. Next to it stands a Gothic tower, formerly the town hall and now the Historical Museum. There is also a famous Maria church in the old town. This is one of the most beautiful Gothic buildings in Poland, standing 81 meters high. There are many precious works of art on display, such as the famous altar (built between 1477 and 1489) and the belt carved by the famous copperplate artist Stosh
Jesus
Crucifixion picture of the cross and colorful glass paintings. In addition, every hour, a trombone is played by a bugler in the church bell tower. According to records, it commemorates the Middle Ages
Resist the alien invasion
A bugler who was loyal to his duty and stuck to his post.
21 June 2023, the Third European Games (
European Games Krakow 2023
Opened in the southern Polish city of Krakow, 7,000 athletes from 48 countries and regions took part in the competition.
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