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Thermal insulation material

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Materials with a thermal coefficient less than or equal to 0.12
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Insulation materials generally refer to Thermal coefficient Materials less than or equal to 0.12. Thermal insulation materials have developed rapidly, and the use of good thermal insulation technology and materials in industry and construction can often achieve twice the result with half the effort. For every ton used in construction Mineral wool Insulation products, can save a ton of oil a year.
Chinese name
Thermal insulation material
Foreign name
thermal insulation materials
class
Materials
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Having a thermal conductivity less than or equal to 0.12 Materials
should
Industrial and unit
Dominant potential
Save energy and improve the living environment
Select points
Thermal conductivity , moisture absorption rate, aging performance, etc

catalogue

  1. 1Research and development background
  2. 2Development trend
  3. 3Material characteristics
  4. 4Main classification
  5. ▪Classified by material composition
  6. ▪Sort by material shape
  7. 5It is used in architecture
  8. ▪Wall insulation
  9. ▪External wall insulation
  1. ▪inverted
  2. ▪Slurry insulation
  3. 6Main variety
  4. ▪Soft porcelain insulation
  5. ▪Aluminum silicate insulation
  6. ▪Phenolic foam material
  7. ▪Expansion vitrified microbeads
  8. ▪Rubber powder polystyrene particles
  9. ▪Extruded polystyrene sheet
  10. ▪Polystyrene board
  11. ▪Rubber and plastic insulation material
  1. ▪Loose insulation material
  2. ▪Porous insulation material
  3. 7Select points
  4. 8Advantages and disadvantages
  5. 9Exterior wall hanging net
  6. 10Performance index
  7. ▪Thermal conductivity
  8. ▪Unit weight
  9. ▪Fire resistance
  10. ▪Other properties
  1. 11Construction technology
  2. ▪Vitrified microbead mortar
  3. ▪Inorganic thermal insulation
  4. 12Scope of application
  5. 13Development status
  6. 14Construction process
  7. 15Testing equipment

Research and development background

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Traditional insulation Thermal insulation material To raise the gas phase voidage Reduce the thermal conductivity and conductivity mainly. Fiber insulation material in Use environment centralize Convective heat transfer And radiation heat transfer increase, must have a thicker coating; And section Inorganic thermal insulation material To carry out assembly construction, there are many joints, damage to the beauty, poor water resistance, short service life and other defects. Therefore, people have been seeking and researching a kind of insulation material that can greatly improve the thermal insulation reflection performance New material .
In the 1990s, the United States aerospace Bureau (NASA) Scientific researcher A new space adiabatic reflective porcelain layer (Therma-Cover) is developed and used to solve the heat transfer control problem of space vehicles. The material is composed of some tiny ceramic particles suspended in inert latex reflectance , high radiation rate, low thermal conductivity, low Heat storage coefficient Such thermal performance, with excellent thermal insulation and reflection function. This high-tech material has been promoted and applied to people in the space field abroad for construction and industrial facilities, and has been exported to our country for some large-scale industrial facilities. However, the fly in the ointment is that the expensive price of $20 /kg of this material makes many domestic industries look forward to sighing and unbearable. As a result, the domestic quietly set off a wave of research and development of new thermal insulation materials, and has taken the lead in the domestic counterparts successfully developed with high efficiency, thin layer, heat insulation, energy saving, decorative waterproof in one of the new space reflection insulation coating. The paint has been selected with excellent heat, weather, corrosion and water resistance Silicone acrylic emulsion hydrophobic Fluorocarbon emulsion for Film-forming substance The use of extremely fine hollow ceramic particles known as space-age materials as filler, by hollow ceramite Made of multiple combinations Coating film It is composed of visible light and light in the range of 400~1800nm Near infrared region The solar heat is highly reflected, and an air microporous layer with extremely low thermal conductivity is introduced into the coating film to isolate the heat transfer. In this way, by strengthening the significant impedance of reflected solar heat and convective transfer, the radiation heat transfer and convective heat transfer can be effectively reduced, thus reducing the heat on the surface of the object Equilibrium temperature The roof temperature can be reduced by up to 20 ° C, and the indoor temperature can be reduced by 5~10 ° C. The thermal insulation grade of the product is R-33.3, the thermal reflectivity is 89%, and the thermal conductivity is 0.030W/m.K.

Development trend

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structure Thermal insulation is Save energy , improve Living environment And use an important aspect of functionality. Building energy consumption In the whole of humanity Energy consumption The proportion is generally 30-40%, most of which is the energy consumption of heating and air conditioning, so Building energy efficiency It means a lot. And because of the Thermal insulation coating Using water as dilution medium, no volatile organic solvent, no harm to human body and environment; its Production cost Only about abroad Similar product 1/5, and it as a new type of thermal insulation coating, has good Economic benefit , Energy saving and environmental protection The advantages of heat insulation effect and simple construction are more and more concerned and favored by people. And this space insulation Reflective coating Is experiencing a shift from industrial thermal insulation to building thermal insulation based direction, from thick layer to thin layer thermal insulation technology change, this is also the future Thermal insulation material One of the main development directions. The space reflective insulation coating is formed in the coating by applying ceramic spherical particle hollow material Vacuum chamber The layer builds an effective thermal barrier, not only by itself Thermal resistance Large, Thermal conductivity Low, and Thermal reflectance High, reduce building pairs Solar radiant heat The absorption reduces the temperature of the covered surface and the internal space, so it is unanimously recognized by experts as highly efficient and promising Energy-saving material One of them.
Today, the world Thermal insulation material It is developing towards the integration of high efficiency, energy saving, thin layer, heat insulation and waterproof external protection, and developing new thermal insulation materials and structural thermal insulation Energy-saving technology At the same time, more emphasis is placed on the targeted use of insulation Insulating material Design and construction according to standard specifications, and strive to improve thermal insulation efficiency Reduce cost . Thin layers have been spread at home and abroad Thermal insulation coating Several companies in the United States already produce this insulating porcelain coating, Such as the United States SPM Thermo-Shield, Thermal Protective Systems launched the Ceramic-Cover, J.H.I TerNational Therma-Cover and other products. This space insulated porcelain layer is based on American Airlines And NASA NASA Controls Space shuttle Heat conduction Developed from the working principle, suitable for high pressure spraying, no pollution, with good thermal radiation resistance, thin layer heat insulation, waterproof corrosion and other properties. The material has been turned to general industrial and civil thermal insulation. There are also a number of domestic companies in the development of such materials, such as thin layer thermal insulation reflective coatings, solar heat Reflective heat insulating coating Water-based reflective thermal insulation coating, thermal insulation sunscreen coating, ceramic thermal insulation coating and so on. Mainly adopt Weather fastness Ok, Water resistance Strong, Aging resistance Strong, have stronger Adhesive force And elastic, and can be intermiscible with thermal insulation filler, reflection filler Film forming material Choose fillers with light weight, hollow, high temperature resistance, large thermal resistance, and good reflectivity and radiation, high refractive coefficient, Surface finish High, thermal reflectance and emittance The high ultrafine powder is suitable as a reflective filler, and the film forming base material is low Radiative heat transfer Layer, can effectively block the transfer of heat. This thin layer of thermal insulation reflective paint works with Porous material Composite use can be used in buildings, vehicles and ships, petrochemical oil tank equipment, grain storage, cold storage, containers, pipelines and other different places of painting.

Material characteristics

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Thermal insulation material Industrial equipment And pipe insulation, insulation measures and materials aerogel First applied to National Space Administration developed Space suit Insulation lining Up. With low thermal conductivity, low density, pliability High, fireproof and waterproof characteristics. Its thermal conductivity at room temperature 0.018W/(K·m) and absolute waterproof, thermal insulation performance is Traditional material 3 to 8 times.
The thermal insulation lining has the characteristics of low thermal conductivity, low density, high flexibility, fireproof and waterproof.
Light weight, generally 10-96kg/m3, less than 20kg/m3 for felt, 24-48kg/m3 for hard board, 48-96kg/m3 for hard board, of which 48kg/m³ can be done ceiling , Softening point It is about 500°C, insulation 300°C, and the amount of the United States is larger, k=0.9.
Calcium silicate insulation products developed successfully in the 1970s, with Compressive strength High, small thermal conductivity, convenient construction, can be used repeatedly in the characteristics Electric power system It is widely used.
Most of the domestic generally for small workshop production, and then the introduction of four production lines from the United States, Process technology Advanced, quick dissolve fast dump Fiber formation , dry method needling Felt, stable quality, tolerate Temperature 800-1250°C.
Features: Acidity derivative above 2.0, high temperature resistance, general Chemical pipeline More than 1000°C, this material must be used. The solution temperature is about 2000°C.
The main products are Styrofoam and polyurethane Foam, but there are problems in the construction field. Used in steel wire mesh sandwich plate, Colored steel plate Composite sandwich board Although there are certain limitations, but the development is rapid, with Building fire prevention The material requirements are more and more strict, and a new subject is put forward for the application of this material.
Thermal insulation materials can collect excess heat, timely and stable release, small gradient changes, effectively reduce the loss, room temperature can trend, winter thermal insulation can play a balancing role. In the decoration of new buildings and the renovation of old buildings, overcome wall cracks, dew, mold, peeling Such congenital deficiencies; And safe and reliable overall adhesion with the base, good randomness, no cavity, avoid Negative wind pressure Tear and fall off. Effectively overcome plate splicing behind rib, External Angle Warping deformation surface tile fall off and other problems. Organic matter in the material and Main wall basal Free acid The reaction forms a compound that penetrates into the micropores of the main wall to form a community, ensuring Dry state Caking property And improve the wet bond retention rate, with excellent adhesion. Select and use Floating bead , Brucite fiber (tubular fiber) and other raw materials, the structure of which forms a closed hydrophobicity Microporous cavity structure, as Phase change material The carrier can ensure the long-term practicability of phase change materials.

Main classification

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  • Classified by material composition
1, organic thermal insulation material
2, inorganic thermal insulation materials
3, metal insulation materials
  • Sort by material shape
1, loose thermal insulation material
2, plate heat insulation material
3. Overall Thermal insulation material

Classified by material composition

  • Organic material
1, organic insulation materials are mainly Polyurethane foam , Polystyrene board , EPS , XPS, Phenolic foam Let's wait.
2, organic insulation material with light weight, machinability Good, high density, good thermal insulation effect, but the disadvantages are: aging resistance, large deformation coefficient, poor stability, poor safety, easy to burn, ecological environmental protection is very poor, construction difficulty, Engineering cost Higher, its resources are limited, and it is difficult to recycle.
3, traditional polystyrene board, inorganic Insulation board Have the distinction Insulation effect In China Wall insulation material Widely used in the market, but does not have safe fire performance, especially when burning gas, in fact, the use of such materials in Developed country Had already been limited to minimal Application field . Chinese architecture It is caused by the use of polystyrene board insulation material in a large area Fire accident Frequent, resulting in huge economic losses and Personal injury or death .
4. economy : Low comprehensive cost.
Since the Opinions of The State Council on Strengthening and Reforming the Work of Consumption (Guofa [2011]46) issued by The State Council, polyurethane (referred to as PU) insulation material in Domestic construction market There has been an upward trend in China. while Fire Department of Ministry of Public Security Since the announcement of No. 350 in 2012 and the official cancellation of the implementation of No. 65, the domestic insulation material market has undergone significant changes: Grade A Inorganic thermal insulation material The market has declined sharply, and organic thermal insulation materials have risen significantly, PU Building insulation material Capacity, production and the market have seen unprecedented growth momentum. Lv.B1 Polyurethane spray insulation Materials, PU inorganic composite panels and structural flame retardant PU insulation materials will have a huge space for development.
PU building insulation materials should continue to strengthen the quality and stability, continue to improve technology, and continue to adhere to Industry self-discipline To maintain a sustained, stable and healthy momentum of development. This paper discusses the application status of PU thermal insulation material in building energy saving field in China Development trend Make an introduction for the reference of peers.
The national and local policies issued in 2012 paved the way for the promotion and application of PU building insulation materials.
Article 1.65 lifts the shackles for the promotion and application of PU insulation materials
On December 3, 2012, the Fire Department of the Ministry of Public Security issued the "Notice on Matters related to the fire supervision and management of external insulation materials for Civil Buildings", that is, the Ministry of Public Security Fire Department announcement No. 350 in 2012, decided to no longer implement the 65 document promulgated on March 14, 2011 from now on.
After the promulgation of Document 65, PU was restricted in policy External wall insulation material The application in the building energy saving market is extremely unfavorable to the promotion of PU building insulation materials. Document 65 termination of execution indicates that the building External wall insulation The requirement to use materials with A fire rating of Class A was formally abolished. 350 means fire prevention Security policy At the level, it is clear that PU external wall insulation materials are allowed to be used for building external wall insulation systems in the future, thus ushering in hard-won development opportunities for PU insulation materials.
On March 3, 2012, Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau , Peking The Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban and Rural Development and the Beijing Municipal Planning Commission jointly issued a statement on strengthening Old residential area Use of external thermal insulation materials and fire protection in comprehensive renovation project Safety management Notice of work.
The document on strengthening the building External thermal insulation The management requirements for the use of materials stipulate that it should be used in the external thermal insulation project of the comprehensive transformation of the old residential areas in Beijing Combustion performance For class A insulation materials and combustion performance for "composite class A. Thermosetting property Insulation material ". According to the document, for existing building renovation projects in Beijing, the use of class A and composite class A thermoset insulation materials can be allowed.
The fire-retardant performance of "Class A composite thermosetting material" is equivalent to that of class A inorganic Flame retardant material . According to this rule, reunite thermoplasticity The material can not be used even if it reaches the flame retardant class A. This regulation is absorbed by our country happened several times Major fire A profound lesson.
  • Inorganic material
1, inorganic insulation materials are mainly concentrated in Ceramic fiber blanket , Aluminium silicate Felt, Aluminium oxide , Silicon carbide fiber , Aerogel felt , Glass wool , Rock wool , Expanded perlite , micro nano heat insulation, Foamed cement Inorganic active wall insulation materials and other materials with A certain insulation effect can achieve B1 to A level fire prevention according to the formula.
2, the production of rock wool is harmful to the human body, workers will not be willing to construction, and rock wool factory Period length It takes about 2 years from construction to production. Domestic market rockwool supply Can not meet the requirements of use.
3, the weight of expanded perlite is large, Water absorption High.
4, the thermal insulation performance of micro nano heat insulation board is 3-5 times that of traditional thermal insulation materials, often used High temperature environment Yes, but the price is more expensive.
5, aerogel felt can be organic and Inorganic material Component, temperature thermal conductivity of 0.017W/(K·m), there are hydrophobe And hydrophilic energy, its thermal insulation performance is Traditional material 3~5 times, depending on the conditions of use and Technical requirement Partially substitutable Glass fibre Products, asbestos Insulation felt , Silicate product Traditional flexible materials with poor thermal insulation performance. But because of itself Manufacturing cost Too high, in the use of the link is restricted.
6. In March 2011, the Ministry of Public Security stipulated the use of A-level non-combustible materials as insulation systems, and the future trend can be relaxed to B1 level at most Fireproof material The development prospects of inorganic thermal insulation materials are still great.
7, expanded perlite due to a wide range of raw materials, Production facility Simple, harmless to the human body, it is believed that it can be used as the main material in the future.
2. Application of polyurethane in the insulation market
Hard blister Polyurethane is really outside the building Enclosure structure It should have been in use around 2003. From 2003 to 2005, rigid foam polyurethane was applied in the form of spraying in the integrated waterproof and insulation system of building roofs. During this period EPS and XPS occupy the majority Market share Hard foam polyurethane in building external wall insulation energy saving Market share Only about 1%.
From 2005 to 2007, rigid foam polyurethane developed rigid foam polyurethane composite board, which makes up for some of the existing spray rigid foam polyurethane, such as droplets and surfaces crust Minor problems such as unevenness. However, there are only a handful of companies in the industry that can produce rigid foam polyurethane composite panels. Driven by only a few companies in the industry, the first national standard in the rigid foam polyurethane industry GB 50404-2007 Rigid foam polyurethane insulation waterproof engineering technical specification "Was successfully prepared, the preparation of the standard makes polyurethane in Marketing promotion There has been considerable development, and many regional construction committees dare to accept the product, and are willing to promote and use it locally. At this point, rigid foam polyurethane in Building insulation The market share in the field of energy conservation has also increased to about 3%, and the trend is increasing year by year.
2008 ~2010, in the new building external wall insulation and Roof insulation Due to the rigidity of polyurethane Composite board Price and many other factors, the market share has not been able to reach the expected share, most of the insulation materials are still Polystyrene plastic Product. But all over the country Grain depot Roofing waterproof and insulation aspects of national major projects such as Bird's Nest, Polyurethane hard foam spraying The market share is relatively high.
Of 2009 CCTV (China Central Television) Fire, followed by Shanghai in November 2010 Jiaozhou Road A fire broke out in the apartment building. However, the exterior insulation of the apartment building is used Hard foam polyurethane spray The material is an inferior product of flammable polyurethane used. This highlights the travel industry enterprises Sense of responsibility Loss, disorder, disorder, Competition mechanism Imperfect, low-price shoddy phenomenon, and the situation is very serious, the fire has a very large impact on polyurethane.
After the CCTV fire, the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development jointly issued a" Interim Provisions on Fire prevention of Exterior insulation system and Exterior Wall Decoration of civil buildings (Gongtong Word [2009] No. 46) notice, after the Shanghai fire, The State Council issued the" Opinions of The State Council on strengthening and improving fire control work (Guofa [2011] No. 46), two fires occurred, and the public security fire department also increased its response New project the Check of drawings And test the strength of inorganic materials Utilization rate Higher and higher, at this moment, we based on years of experience, together with relevant experts jointly put forward the concept of composite grade A, the high quality fire retardant combustion performance of rigid foam polyurethane let more people know, and reversed the situation of rigid foam polyurethane in the insulation industry, and successfully expanded the thermal insulation market share of rigid foam polyurethane in 2012, reaching about 10%. The utilization rate of rigid foam polyurethane all over the country has shown a rapid growth trend.

Sort by material shape

According to the different volume weight, composition, scope, shape and insulation material Construction method Divide into categories.
  1. 1.
    According to different bulk weights, it is divided into three categories: heavy 400~600kg/m3, light 150~350kg/m3 and super light less than 150kg/m3.
  2. 2.
    According to different components: divided into organic and inorganic two categories.
  3. 3.
    According to the applicable temperature range: can be divided into high temperature (above 700℃), medium temperature (100~700℃) and low temperature (less than 100℃) three categories.
  4. 4.
    According to different shapes, it is divided into powder, granular, fibrous, blocky, etc., and can be divided into porous, mineral fibers and metals.
  5. 5.
    According to different construction methods, it can be divided into wet wipe type, filling type, binding type, wrapping type, etc.

It is used in architecture

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Wall insulation

Specifically refers to a class of insulation materials used for building walls, which can be divided into: external wall insulation materials, Interior wall Insulation materials, roof insulation materials; According to the internal composition of thermal insulation materials can be divided into: inorganic thermal insulation materials and organic thermal insulation materials.

External wall insulation

External wall insulation : 1. silicate Insulation material 2, ceramic insulation material 3, Rubber powder polystyrene particles 4, steel mesh cement Foam board ( Shule board (5) Extruded polystyrene sheet XPS 6, hard foam polyurethane on-site spraying, hard foam Polyurethane insulation board 7. Foamed cement board 8. Grade A inorganic Fire insulation mortar
Roofing material: 1, ceramic insulation board 2, xps extrusion board 3, EPS foam board 4. perlite And perlite brick 5, vermiculite and Vermiculite brick 6, foamed cement heat, air conditioning materials: Phenolic resin Polyurethane waterproof insulation integration, rubber and plastic sponge, polythene , polystyrene foam, Glass wool Rock wool Steel structure Materials: polystyrene , extruded board, Polyurethane plate , Glass cotton roll felt Let's wait.

inverted

Inverted roof That is, the hydrophobic insulation material is set in Waterproof course On the roof. Its advantages are:
1, the structure is simplified to avoid waste;
2, no need to set the roof Exhaust steam system ;
3, the waterproof layer is protected to avoid Thermal stress Damage to the waterproof layer by ultraviolet light and other factors;
4, excellent moisture resistance makes it have long-term stable thermal insulation performance and Compressive strength ;
5, can maintain long-term thermal insulation function, persistance Equal to the life of the building;
6, hydrophobic insulation material can be used Heating wire Or other conventional tools cutting processing, construction is fast and easy;
7, the future roof maintenance does not damage the material, convenient and simple;
8, the use of efficient insulation materials, in line with building energy saving Technological development Direction.

Slurry insulation

pulp Thermal insulation materials are mainly used for external wall insulation, and can also be used for partition walls and Separating wall Thermal insulation, if performance permits, can also be used for external wall insulation. There are two types of slurry materials, one is the solidification type based on gelling materials, and the other is the dry type based on water evaporation. Its main components are composed of sepiolite (polystyrene granules), Mineral fibre Silicate based a variety of materials, after a certain production process composite light insulation materials. Its products have two types of powder and paste (paste), but when used, the paste is spread on the base. Pay attention to the following detection data when using:
(A) for internal insulation wall: thermal conductivity, apparent density, volume shrinkage, Bond strength , Softening coefficient Asbestos content, water vapor permeability coefficient, water absorption, Oxygen index Let's wait.
(2) Thermal conductivity, apparent density, volume shrinkage, bond strength, hydrophobe Rate, asbestos content, softening coefficient, water absorption, fire performance, etc., but also the rate of heat insulation system.
Whether it is sheet heat insulation materials or slurry heat insulation materials have their own characteristics, as long as they adapt to their characteristics, in order to maximize their advantages, and play a role in building energy saving.

Main variety

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Soft porcelain insulation

Soft porcelain insulation material
Soft porcelain Insulation material with natural soil, Stone powder Etc. Inorganic substance As raw material, it was mixed by classification, composite modification, and formed under photochemical isomerization and curve temperature. Earthquake resistance, crack resistance, resistance freeze-thaw Anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties are very good.
Appearance: At least 95% of the material has no obvious defects in the main area (referring to damage, foaming, separation of upper and lower layers);
Mass per unit area: ≦8kg/㎡;
Water absorption : <0.1kg/㎡h0.5;
Frost resistance After 100 cycles, no cracks, spalling, powder and other loss phenomena were observed with the naked eye;
Aging resistance: 1200h, no cracks in appearance, foaming phenomenon, powder less than 1 level;
Combustion performance: Thickness >3mm Class A thickness ≤3mm press Textured paint Requirement 11;

Aluminum silicate insulation

Aluminum silicate insulation material Also known as (aluminum silicate composite insulation coating), is a new type of environmental protection wall insulation material. Conforming country Building standard Is numerous Real estate agent , Engineering contractor , decoration Project contractor The necessary materials. Aluminum silicate composite insulation coating takes natural brazing as the main raw material and adds a certain amount of inorganic auxiliary materials Composite machining A new type of green inorganic single-component packaging dry powder thermal insulation coating is prepared. The thermal insulation coating is mixed with water and scraped on the surface of the wall before construction. After drying, a microporous network with high strength structure can be formed Heat insulating layer .
Aluminum silicate composite insulation coating is new green Inorganic coating Is a single component material packaging, non-toxic and harmless, with excellent Sound absorption , high temperature resistance, water resistance, freezing resistance, Percentage of contraction Low, overall seamless, no Cold bridge Thermal bridge formation: stable and reliable quality, crack resistance, good seismic performance, strong negative wind pressure resistance, light bulk weight, good thermal insulation performance and good workability, strong retention, Surface course No empty drum, construction does not sag, no sagging Reduce construction consumption, combustion performance for class A non-combustible materials: the temperature in the range of -40-800 ° C acute cooling acute heat, insulation layer does not crack, do not fall off, do not burn, acid, alkali, oil and other advantages. It makes up for the existence of traditional wall insulation coatings hydroscopicity Large, easy to age Volume shrinkage It is easy to cause the phenomenon of low strength and hollow drum cracking in the later period of the product to reduce the performance of the insulation coating, and at the same time make up for it Polystyrene particle insulation paint Flammable, poor fire resistance and high temperature Harmful gas And low weather resistance, large rebound and other defects. Aluminum silicate composite insulation coating is one of the wall insulation materials Safety factor The highest, the best comprehensive performance and construction performance of the insulation coating, according to the temperature of different media spread the best economic thickness, the cost performance is much better than the same performance materials.

Phenolic foam material

Phenolic aldehyde Foam material is polymer organic hard Aluminum foil Foam product , is caused by Thermosetting phenolic resin Made of foam, it has light weight, fireproof, non-burning in case of open fire, smokeless, non-toxic, no dripping, wide use temperature (-196 ~ +200℃) Low temperature environment Under no shrinkage, no embrittlement, is HVAC Refrigeration engineering Ideal insulation material due to phenolic foam Percentage of obturator High, the thermal conductivity is low, the heat insulation performance is good, and has Water resistance and steam permeability It is an ideal heat preservation and energy saving material. Because phenolic has Benzene ring Structure, so the size is stable, the change rate is < 1%. and Chemical composition Stable, anti-corrosion and anti-aging, especially resistant to organic solutions, Strong acid , Weak base Corrosion. in Production technology Not in foaming freon do Blowing agent International conformity Environmental protection standard , and Molecular structure Contains hydrogen, oxygen, carbon When the elements are decomposed at high temperature, the spilled gas is non-toxic, tasteless, harmless to the human body and the environment, in line with the country Green and environmental protection Ask. Therefore, phenolic super composite board is the most ideal fire, heat insulation, energy saving, beautiful environmental protection and green thermal insulation materials.
Phenolic foam is known as the "king of thermal insulation materials" and is a new generation of thermal insulation and fire prevention Soundproof material . Phenolics in developed countries Foaming material It has developed rapidly and has been widely used in construction, national defense, foreign trade, storage, energy and other fields. Sound insulation used in the construction industry in the United States Foam plastic Phenolic materials accounted for 40% of the total; Japan has also established the Phenolic Foam Popularization Association to promote the new material.
Phenolic foam is also internationally recognized as the most promising new thermal insulation material in the ranks of buildings. Because, this new material relies on the addition of the usual polymer resin Flame retardant The obtained material is essentially different, does not burn in the fire, does not melt, will not emit toxic smoke, and has the advantages of light weight, non-toxic, non-corrosion, heat preservation, energy saving, sound insulation, cheap, and no freon foaming, no environmental pollution, machinability Good, convenient construction, its comprehensive performance is a variety of insulation materials can not be matched. Commonly used in hotels, apartments, hospitals and other high-level and High-rise building Central air conditioning Insulation of the system (most of the central air-conditioning systems in high-end buildings in Hong Kong have been converted to phenolic foam). For refrigeration, cold storage and for use Petrochemical industry Etc. Industrial pipeline And equipment insulation, building partition wall, external wall composite panel, suspended ceiling, Acoustic panel Such as have indisputable comprehensive advantages, to solve the fire performance of other organic materials is not ideal, while Inorganic material Water absorption, easy "condensation", construction skin itching and other problems, yes Air conditioning system The third generation of the best insulation material for various electrical appliances.

Expansion vitrified microbeads

Template picture
Inorganic insulation mortar It is a new type of energy-saving insulation mortar material used for painting the interior and exterior walls of buildings, which is made of inorganic lightweight insulation particles Lightweight aggregate , Kayu Cementitious material Anti-cracking additives and others filler isomeric Dry mortar . It has the characteristics of energy saving and waste, heat preservation and insulation, fire and anti-freeze, aging resistance and low price Market demand .
Product status: uniform gray powder. Product features: 1, selected imported renewable dispersion Rubber powder , Inorganic cementing material High-quality orthopedics and additives with water retention, increase, livestock change, anti-cracking and other functions are premix dry mix. 2. It has good adhesion to a variety of insulation materials. 3, good flexibility, water resistance, Weather fastness . 4, the site directly add water and use, easy to operate. 5, safety and environmental protection, in line Industrial policy .

Rubber powder polystyrene particles

EPG Rubber powder polystyrene particles The thermal insulation system is based on pre-mixed dry sand slurry as the main cementing material, adding appropriate Anti-cracking fibre And a variety of additives to polystyrene Foam particles for light aggregate, press Proportional allocation It can be stirred evenly on the site, and the external and internal surfaces of the external walls can be used, which is convenient for construction and has a good thermal insulation effect.
The material has low thermal conductivity, good thermal insulation and anti-condensation performance, high compressive strength and strong adhesion. Adhesive force Strong, freeze-thaw resistant, Drying shrinkage rate The linear change rate of water intrusion is small, and it is not easy to empty drum and crack.
The system adopts the field forming plastering process, the material has good workability, easy operation, high construction efficiency, and the overall performance of the material is good after forming. avoided Block wood Heat preservation, joints are easy to crack, and there is no need to cut plates in various corners, and the construction process is simple.
BH Rubber powder polystyrene particles The overall cost of the insulation system is low, which can meet the related energy saving Specification requirement And it fits perfectly Architectural modeling Complex exterior wall insulation works, yes Penetration rate A higher building insulation energy saving practice.

Extruded polystyrene sheet

This system uses XPS polystyrene extruded board (hereinafter referred to as extruded board) as the external wall insulation material of the building, when Main body of building And outer wall Masonry work When finished, paint the bottom mortar with XPS special Interface agent . will napping XPS Extruded polystyrene board with Bonding mortar Attach wall as required and anchor with plastic expansion screws. Then in Extruded polystyrene sheet Surface coat Polymer cement mortar , which is pressed into alkali-resistant coating Glass fiber mesh cloth Reinforced opening Anti-cracking mortar Protective layer Galvanized steel wire mesh and special purpose should be used instead Tile binder And pointing.

Polystyrene board

EPS expansion Polystyrene board Thin plastered exterior wall external insulation is made of polystyrene foam plastic board (hereinafter referred to as Benzene board ) As a building's external insulation material, when Main body of building After the structure is completed, the benzene board is used exclusively Bonding mortar Paste on wall as required. If there are special reinforcement requirements, plastic expansion screws can be used to anchor. Then apply to the surface of the benzene plate Polymer cement mortar Wherein, the alkali-resistant plastic-coated glass fiber mesh cloth is pressed to strengthen the formation Anti-cracking mortar Protective layer, and finally Putty The decorative surface layer of paint (if the decorative surface layer is ceramic tile, it should be used instead Galvanized wire mesh And special ceramic tile binder, Crack sealer ).
EPS Expanded polystyrene board thin plastered exterior wall external insulation system It has superior thermal insulation performance, good waterproof performance and resistance Wind pressure Impact resistance, can effectively solve the wall cracks and water leakage problems. this System technology Mature, convenient construction, cost-effective, in Europe and America Developed countries, coastal developed areas have been widely used, is broad Real estate developer Thermal insulation and energy-saving building design and building construction units preferred thermal insulation system. With the further development of building energy conservation, this system will become the mainstream product in the market.
homologous Standard procedure : "Expanded polystyrene board thin plastered exterior wall external insulation system" JG 149-2003

Rubber and plastic insulation material

Polyurethane insulation material The outer protective layer can be made of FRP shock-proof shell or black and yellow dual-poly yellow jacket to enhance the compressive strength and anti-corrosion ability of the insulation layer. Mainly used in various pipelines Cold storage , Storage tank Plumbing, insulation, building Partition board And roof, etc.
Rubber and plastic insulation material This product is a closed cell elastic material, with soft, bending resistance, cold resistance, heat resistance, flame retardant, waterproof, low thermal conductivity, shock absorption, sound absorption and other excellent properties. Can be widely used Central air conditioning , construction, chemical industry, medicine, textile, metallurgy , ships, vehicles, electrical appliances and other industries
Advantages of rubber and plastic insulation materials
1, green environmental protection: does not contain atmospheric harmful chlorine fluoride Conforms to ISO14000 international Environmental certification So in the installation and application will not produce any harmful pollutants to the human body.
2, low thermal conductivity: Rubber and plastic It is a high quality heat preservation and energy saving material, and it is cold insulation and heat insulation anti-condensation The Nemesis of heat conductivity Low and stable, insulating effect on any thermal medium
3, good fire performance: rubber and plastic materials meet National standard GB8624 "Building materials Combustion Performance Analysis" was tested and determined to be GB8624B1 grade flame retardant materials.
4, closed bubble structure: Accurate Control Microcellular Foam technology, cell The closure rate is greatly improved, and the thermal conductivity of the product is lower; The bubble hole is also more uniform and fine, strong resistance to water vapor penetration, prolong the service life of the rubber is a closed bubble structure, the water in the outside air is difficult to penetrate into the material, has excellent resistance to water vapor penetration, and the cold insulation layer surface does not need to be added Vapour barrier . Rubber and plastic Wet resistance divisor μ value Greater than 3500(ISO9346) constitutes a built-in moisture protection layer, even if the product scratch does not affect the overall steam insulation. Rubber and plastic is the insulation layer is also Damp-proof course .
5, the material is thin, save space: the thickness of rubber and plastic is reduced by about two-thirds than that of other insulation materials. Therefore, it can save the space above the ceiling of the floor and improve the indoor height.
6, long service life: rubber has excellent weather resistance, anti-aging, cold resistance, heat resistance, dry resistance, moisture resistance, but also has resistance Ultraviolet light Ozone resistance, 25 years of non-aging, no deformation, maintenance-free service life and other characteristics.
7, high-grade appearance, uniform and beautiful: nine longitudinal rubber and plastic High elasticity Smooth surface, soft texture, even installed on the elbow, tee, valve and other irregular components can remain complete and beautiful, the appearance does not need decoration, even without ceiling can maintain high-grade.
8, easy and fast installation: because the material is soft, and no other auxiliary layer is required, the construction and installation is simple, and the installation of the pipeline can be followed Piping installation The progress is set together, and the rubber and plastic pipe can also be cut open and then bonded with special glue.
Rubber and plastic insulation
Fire Protection: National fireproof building materials quality supervision and inspection center Test refractory B1 level, in line with the national standard GB8624-1997 standards.
Shockproof: The material is PEVA High foaming material, insulation board, pipe soft and elastic, so as to achieve good shock effect.
Heat insulation: has a detailed independent bubble structure, no Air convection , thermal conductivity < 0. 0325W/MK.
Sound insulation: With independent fine air chamber, strong sound insulation, can be used for noise reduction requirements Engineering project .
Temperature: In +89℃, -60℃ environment, can not afford materiality Change, suitable for various freezing engineering projects to keep cold use.
Waterproof: The material is PEVA rubber and plastic sealed bubble structure, and each gas chamber is in a closed state.
Anticorrosion: This substance is High molecular polymer Can completely prevent the erosion of acid, alkali and salt.
Processing: Easy to cut, easy splice The material is soft and elastic, especially easy to install and apply.

Loose insulation material

  • Glass wool insulation
Glass wool is exclusive Centrifugal technique The fused glass is fibrosed and added Thermosetting resin The main environmental protection formula Binding agent The processed product is a flexible glass fiber product made of glass fiber with a diameter of only a few microns, and can be selected according to different customer requirements for moisture-proof veneer online composite. Because it has a large number of small air gaps, so that it plays a heat insulation, Sound absorption and noise reduction and Safety protection It is a material for building thermal insulation, sound absorption and noise reduction.
Glass wool belongs to a category of glass fiber and is a kind of artificial Inorganic fibre . adopt Quartz sand , limestone , dolomite Such as natural ore as the main raw material, with some Soda ash , borax And other chemical raw materials fused into glass. Centrifugal glass wool The internal fibers are fluffy and interleaved, with a large number of tiny pores, which are typical Porous sound absorbing material It has good sound absorption characteristics and can be made wallboard , ceiling, Spatial sound absorber Etc., can absorb a lot of the room Acoustic energy , reduce Reverberation time Reduce indoor noise. The sound absorption characteristics of glass wool are not only related to thickness and volume weight, but also to Finishing coat Material, structure and other factors related. In the construction application, it is also necessary to take into account the cost, beauty, fire prevention, moisture, dust, aging resistance and other problems.
glasswool Physical property : pass the standard Australia and NZ AS/NSZ4859.1 Certification SGS Certification MSDS certification EU CE Certification CE fire rating certification national standard GB/T 13350-2000 Scope of application for Industrial building , warehouse, Public facilities Heat insulation, sound absorption and noise reduction of exhibition centers, shopping malls, and all kinds of indoor playgrounds, sports venues and other buildings.
The main characteristics of glass wool :
1, fire performance: glass wool has the highest fire rating - Class A, fully in line with the relevant national fire requirements, to ensure the safety of the building, to ensure the life of the user Property safety . Due to several major fires caused by unqualified insulation materials, the state has put forward higher requirements for the fire performance of building insulation materials.
2, thermal insulation performance: uniform fiber distribution and more slender fibers, so that the product has a lower thermal conductivity, to ensure the product's superior thermal insulation performance and other superior Performance index To ensure the thermal insulation effect of the product Secular nature .
3, environmental performance: glass wool is colorless Plate glass And quartz sand as the main raw material made of inorganic insulation materials, for Green building materials Products, construction waste can be recycled, fully in line with environmental requirements.
4, acoustic performance: glass wool internal porous structure, so that it has superior sound absorption ability, greatly improved Indoor environment the Comfort level .
5. Seismic performance of structure Glass wool is long because of its fine fibers Overall structure High strength, excellent tensile and vibration resistance, whether installed or long-term use is not easy to sag, scatter or collapse.
6. Chemical property : Glass wool Dimensional stability of material Good, not easy to high temperature, lightning, rain, sunlight, acid and alkali and other natural and Human factor Destruction and erosion.
7. Air permeability The porous open structure and special formula of glass wool make it have better permeability than other insulation materials, which helps the moisture in the room and the wall to spread in time and greatly reduce mold The possibility of growth helps to extend the life of the building while also improving the comfort of the indoor environment.
8, hydrophobic: Curtain wall Hydrophobic glass wool is a high hydrophobic glass wool product, which hydrophobicity Up to 99%, easy to dry after moisture, to ensure its long-term effective insulation performance.
9, light weight: glass wool has good thermal insulation and sound insulation performance, so that its low-density products can meet the energy-saving requirements of the corresponding specifications, glass wool is Class A fire insulation material The lightest material can not only reduce the load of the building itself but also facilitate construction and improve construction efficiency.
10, construction and installation performance: glass wool because the fiber is fine and does not contain slag ball, to avoid scratching or production of the construction worker pruritus Stimulating. At the same time, the material is soft and easy to cut, and any cutting surface is neat and consistent, which can greatly improve the installation efficiency, save labor costs and shorten the installation period.
The main use of glass wool First, glass wool steel structure insulation, using advanced centrifugation Injection method Glass wool production process, the production of soft texture, fiber fine, back Good elasticity Waterproof and fireproof Glass cotton roll felt (can be affixed with laminated aluminum foil and other veneers), for Steel construction Provides ideal insulation Sound absorbing material This product has: good insulation and sound absorption effect, Engineering cost Low, short construction period, non-toxic, does not stimulate the skin, to ensure the health of construction personnel, beautiful appearance and other characteristics. Second, insulation and sound insulation of glass wool duct. The thermosetting binder is applied to the glass wool by pressurizing and heating Curing molding It is suitable for the insulation and sound insulation of air conditioning ducts and other air ducts of different specifications. The surface can be pasted with aluminum foil and other veneers. It has good insulation effect, light bulk weight, flame retardant, anti-vibration and sound absorption and other excellent properties.
In SUMMARY:
Centrifugal glass cotton roll felt, sheet, Insulated pipe , glass sliver , foil, hydrophobic type, High temperature resistant glass Cotton, high K value Glass wool, low K value glass wool Glass wool belongs to a category of glass fiber, is a man-made inorganic fiber. Quartz sand, limestone, dolomite and other natural ores as the main raw materials, with some soda ash, borax and other chemical raw materials fused into glass. In the melting state, with the help of external blowing into a flocculent fine fiber, fiber and fiber are three-dimensional cross, intertwined with each other, showing many small gaps. Such gaps can be regarded as pores. Therefore, glass wool can be regarded as a porous material with good thermal insulation and sound absorption properties.
  • Rock wool insulation felt
Rock wool insulation felt therefore basalt And other natural ores as the main raw materials, after high temperature melting into fiber, adding an appropriate amount of binder processing. The product is suitable for storage tanks and containers Large diameter pipeline The insulation.
Rock wool insulation felt has excellent thermal insulation performance, convenient construction and installation, energy saving effect is significant, with a high Cost performance .
Rock wool thermal insulation felt is a high quality thermal insulation material with low thermal conductivity. Suitable for large and medium diameter pipelines; Medium and small tanks and surfaces Radius of curvature Small curved or irregular surface equipment, building air conditioning Pipe insulation Dew protection and sound insulation of the wall.
In the design and construction should pay attention to the fixing and support of insulation materials, if the insulation layer is greater than 80 mm, it is recommended to use double layer insulation to reduce the heat loss of the gap at the splice. Due to the high thermal conductivity of water, after water enters the rock wool products, its thermal conductivity will increase greatly. Therefore, in the design and construction, it is necessary to prevent water from entering the rock wool products.

Porous insulation material

  • Foamed cement
Three dimensional reinforced foamed cement board
English name: Foam cement Foamed cement The first material adopted by Germany was introduced into our country around 1980. By... Foaming machine The foaming system of the foaming agent is fully foamed by mechanical means, and the foam is evenly mixed with cement slurry, and then the pumping system of the foaming machine is carried out in situ construction or mold molding Natural curing A new light insulation and fireproof material containing a large number of closed pores is formed. It is a bubble-like insulation material, the outstanding feature is the formation of a closed foam hole in the concrete, so that the concrete light and heat preservation and insulation.
Foamed cement features:
Thermal insulation: Thermal conductivity is 0.06-0.28W/(M.K), thermal resistance is about Ordinary concrete 10-20 times.
Light weight: dry Bulk density It is 300-1600KG/M3, which is equivalent to ordinary Cement concrete About 1/5 ~ 1/8, can reduce the overall load of the building.
wholeness : Can be cast on-site construction, with Main project The combination is tight, no need to leave a boundary gap and Vent pipe .
Low elastic shock absorption: The porosity of foamed cement makes it low Modulus of elasticity And so make it right Impact load Has good absorption and dispersion .
Sound insulation: Foamed cement contains a large number of independent bubbles, and the distribution is uniform, and the sound absorption capacity is 0.09-0.19%, which is 5 times that of ordinary concrete, and has the function of effective sound insulation.
Crushing resistance : Compressive strength is 0.6-25.0MPA.
Water resistance : Cast-in-place foamed cement has small water absorption, relatively independent closed bubbles and good integrity, so that it has a certain waterproof performance.
durability : same as the main engineering life.
Construction is simple: just use Cement foaming machine It can realize automatic operation, and can realize long-distance transmission at a vertical height of 200 meters, and the workload is 150-300m3 / working day.
Production processing: foamed cement can not only be produced into a variety of products in the factory, but also can be constructed on site, directly cast into the roof, ground and wall, and can be sawing, planing, nailing, drilling and other processing.
Environmental protection: the raw materials required for foamed cement are cement and blowing agent, blowing agent is neutral, does not contain benzene, formaldehyde Etc. Harmful substance To avoid environmental pollution and fire hazards.
Fireproof: Because the main raw material of foamed cement is cement, cement is an inorganic material completely fireproof.
Historical development
Thermal insulation materials and products are an important influence on building energy conservation Influencing factor . Building insulation The development and application of materials have been paid more and more attention all over the world. After the 1970s, foreign countries generally attach importance to the production of thermal insulation materials and the application in buildings, and strive to significantly reduce energy consumption, thereby reducing environmental pollution and environmental protection Greenhouse effect . Foreign thermal insulation materials industry has a long history, building energy-saving insulation materials account for the vast majority, and new thermal insulation materials are also constantly emerging.
Before 1980, the development of China's thermal insulation materials is very slow, but China's thermal insulation materials industry after more than 30 years of efforts, especially after nearly 20 years of rapid development, many products from scratch, from single to diversified, quality from low to high, has been formed Expanded perlite , Mineral wool , glass wool, Foam plastic , Refractory fibre , Calcium silicate Heat insulation products and other main varieties of relatively complete industry.
From January to December 2006, China imported mineral cotton; dilate Mineral material ; 13,110,148.00 kg of thermal or acoustic insulation products with a cost of USD 29,396,269.00; From January to December 2006, China exported mineral cotton; Expansive mineral materials; The quantity of thermal or acoustic insulation products is 323,873,323.00 kg at the cost of USD 141,929,418.00.
From January to October 2007, China imported mineral cotton; Expansive mineral materials; 12,844,531.00 kg of thermal or acoustic insulation products at a cost of USD 28,133,066.00; From January to October 2007, China exported mineral cotton; Expansive mineral materials; The quantity of thermal or acoustic insulation products is 293,114,475.00 kg at the cost of USD 148,816,708.00.
polyurethane The material is the best insulation material in the world. Rigid polyurethane has many excellent properties in Europe and America The country is widely used in building roofs, walls, ceilings, floors, doors and Windows as thermal insulation materials. About 49% of building insulation materials in developed countries such as Europe and the United States are polyurethane materials, while in China this proportion is less than 10%. Therefore, there is still much room for the development of polyurethane materials in China.
China's market for building energy-saving materials is larger, especially the market for building insulation materials is larger. Chinese house residential Energy loss Roughly for the wall accounted for about 50%; The roof accounts for about 10%; Doors and Windows account for about 25%; Basements and the ground floor account for about 15%. Chinese architecture will be realized by 2010 Energy saving rate 50%, requiring a complete renovation of the building's exterior walls, Wall insulation material The market will increase greatly.

Select points

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The common application types and design selection of thermal insulation materials in buildings should comply with GB/T 17369-1998" Application types and basic requirements of building insulation materials "Provisions.
In addition to the selection of materials should be considered Thermal conductivity In addition, the water absorption, combustion performance, strength and other indicators of the material should also be considered. imparity Insulating material For the performance characteristics, see the corresponding classification guide.
Inorganic insulation materials are generally the guide Thermal coefficient Materials of 0.2 or less.
The use of good insulation technology and materials in construction and industry can often achieve twice the result with half the effort. Statistics show that for every ton used in construction Mineral wool Insulation products, can save a ton of oil a year. The coal saving rate per unit area is 11.91 kg per year Standard coal Per square meter. The insulation of industrial equipment and pipelines, using good insulation measures and materials, can significantly reduce production energy consumption and costs, improve the environment, and have better economic benefits. Such as: industrial equipment and Pipeline engineering Good insulation conditions can reduce heat loss by about 95%, and the investment usually used for insulation materials can be recovered by saving energy for about a year.
Before 1980, the development of thermal insulation materials in China was very slow, and a few thermal insulation materials factories could only produce a small amount Expanded perlite , Expanded vermiculite , Mineral wool , Super fine glass wool , micropore Calcium silicate Such products, Mineral wool There are very few factories, Insufficient production capacity Tons, loose cotton, calcium silicate insulation materials are only 3, an annual output of 8000 cubic meters. The quantity and quality of products can not meet the requirements.

Advantages and disadvantages

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The equipment that produces exterior wall insulation materials on the market is mainly divided into two kinds: one is ordinary Dry powder mixer The second is the special external wall Insulation mortar equipment . These two devices have advantages and disadvantages, the following detailed analysis.
Those who do external wall insulation materials know that external wall insulation materials have very strict requirements for the mixing process, if the materials are mixed unevenness Or the damage rate is high, which will affect the thermal insulation performance of the material. The general dry powder mixer can also be used as a mixing equipment for external wall insulation materials, but it can only mix general external wall insulation materials, and the external wall insulation products produced have general thermal insulation performance, which is suitable for building districts with low requirements for thermal insulation performance.
And a single external wall insulation mortar equipment such as inorganic hollow Vitrified microbead equipment Is specifically aimed at Glass glass beads the Mixing equipment This equipment is the most ideal equipment for mixing glass beads. It has high mixing efficiency, and the insulation material produced is the best due to the low damage rate of the double-cone. There are not many manufacturers of this equipment, and there are only a few in production in China. With the continuous attention to energy conservation and environmental protection, the new external wall insulation mortar equipment will gradually be widely promoted. In short, compared with the traditional dry powder mixer, the external wall insulation mortar equipment has the characteristics of high mixing efficiency, no crushing of the material, and does not affect the physical properties of the material, which is the ideal equipment for the production of external wall insulation materials.
1, wide range of application
External insulation is suitable for heating and air conditioning Industrial and civil buildings Can be used for both new construction projects and Reconstruction of old houses A wide range of applications.
2. Protect the main structure and extend the life of the building
The use of external wall insulation scheme, because the insulation layer is placed outside the building envelope, buffer the stress caused by structural deformation caused by temperature changes, avoid the structural damage caused by rain, snow, freeze-thaw, dry, wet cycle, reduce the air harmful gases and ultraviolet rays on the envelope erosion. Facts have proved that as long as the wall and roof insulation materials are properly selected and the thickness is reasonable, external insulation can effectively prevent and reduce the temperature deformation of the wall and roof, and effectively eliminate the top layer Cross wall familiar Oblique crack Or the figure eight crack. Therefore, the external insulation can not only reduce the temperature stress of the envelope structure, but also play a protective role in the main structure, thus effectively improving the durability of the main structure Internal thermal insulation More scientific and reasonable.
3, basically eliminate the influence of "thermal bridge"
The use of external insulation is more favorable than internal insulation in avoiding "thermal bridge", such as in the interface of internal and external walls and external walls girth , Structural column , Frame beam Columns, window openings, and top floors Parapet wall with Roof panel The "thermal bridge" generated around the interface. Statistically, the bottom room "hot bridge" attached Heat load About 23.7% of the total heat load; interlayer Rooms accounted for 21.7%; The top floor is 24.3%. It can be seen that the influence of "thermal bridge" is still large. The above "thermal bridge" is almost difficult to avoid in terms of internal insulation and sandwich insulation, and external insulation can prevent the "thermal bridge" part Dew formation It can also eliminate the attachment caused by "thermal bridge" Heating loss . The calculation shows that under the condition of insulation in the brick wall with thickness of 370mm, the surrounding "thermal bridge" makes the wall Average heat transfer coefficient Specific body part Heat transfer coefficient An increase of about 10%; Under the thermal insulation condition of 240mm thick brick wall, the peripheral "thermal bridge" increases the average heat transfer coefficient by about 51%~59% compared with the heat transfer coefficient of the main part, while under the thermal insulation condition of 240mm thick brick wall, this effect is only 2%~5%.
4. Improve the damp condition of the wall
Under normal circumstances, the internal insulation must be set up steam insulation layer, and the use of external insulation, because Vapor penetration The subject of high sex Structural material In the inner part of the insulation layer, condensation analysis is carried out with the steady-state moisture transfer theory. As long as the insulation material is properly selected, condensation generally does not occur inside the wall, so there is no need to set the steam insulation layer. At the same time, due to the external insulation measures, Structural layer The temperature of the entire wall body increased and lowered it Moisture content Thus, the insulation performance of the wall is further improved.
5, conducive to the stability of room temperature
Because the structural layer with large heat storage capacity is inside the wall, when the indoor is subjected to unstable heat action, the indoor Air temperature When rising or falling, the wall structure layer can absorb or release heat, so it is conducive to maintaining a stable room temperature.

Exterior wall hanging net

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Galvanizing net and hot plating net
Galvanizing net and hot plating net
Hot dip galvanizing Welding mesh specification :0.9±0.04×12.7×12.7 Tensile strength : > 65, hot dip galvanized layer > 122g
"Rubber powder polystyrene particle external wall insulation system" JG158-2004
Wall insulation wire mesh according to area and Construction side The requirements of the wall Hanging net The specifications are generally:
Galvanized steel wire mesh plays a certain role in the building insulation and crack prevention project, the external wall painting plaster mesh is divided into two kinds: one is hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh (long life, strong anti-corrosion performance); The other is to change the wire mesh (economic concessions, flat mesh, white and shiny), according to the region, Construction unit It is required to carry out reasonable material selection, and the specifications of steel wire mesh for painting construction are mostly: 12.7×12.7, and the wire diameter is between 0.4-0.9.
use
The exterior wall hanging net is to ensure the quality of the project as the premise, in order to avoid the appearance of cracks and empty drums on the wall, choose to use hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh to wipe the wall, and the bottom plaster in the hanging net.
In the building Construction project Among them, Electric welded wire mesh It is an essential insulation anti-crack material, and its own good performance can effectively take into account the unity between the crack resistance and the requirements of the surface brick on the base strength, and meet the needs of the stability, safety and durability of the insulation system to prevent wall cracking is the best way to spread a layer on the wall at the beginning of the construction of the house Galvanized electric welding mesh Hot dip galvanized steel wire mesh can play a role in moisture resistance and heat preservation, which can be significantly reduced Heat expands and cold contracts For the damage of the wall, on the other hand, the toughness of the hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh is stronger than the steel wire of the same specification, which can effectively increase the strength of the wall and further reduce the risk of wall cracking.

Performance index

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Check project unit indicators
technology Hot dip galvanized electric welding mesh
Wire diameter mm 0.90±0.04
Zinc coating Mass g/m2 ≥122
The main performance indicators of thermal insulation materials are thermal conductivity, capacity, compressive strength, Flexural strength Let's wait.

Thermal conductivity

Thermal conductivity refers to the Stable heat transfer Under conditions of 1m thick material, the temperature difference between the surfaces on both sides is 1 degree (K,°C), and the heat transferred through an area of 1 square meter in 1 hour. Thermal conductivity reflects the thermal conductivity of the material, and is also the main thermal physical characteristics of the insulation material, which is related to the temperature, density, moisture content, internal structure, insulation layer size and so on Physical property Closely related. The thermal conductivity of general thermal insulation materials increases with the increase of temperature, moisture content and bulk density, and the thermal insulation effect decreases. Unit of thermal conductivity: watt/meter · degree (W/m·K, where K can be replaced by ℃) Thermal conductivity is related to the composition of the material, density, moisture content, temperature and other factors. Materials with amorphous structure and low density have low thermal conductivity. When the moisture content and temperature of the material are low, the thermal conductivity is small. Materials with low thermal conductivity are usually called thermal insulation materials, and materials with thermal conductivity below 0.05W/m·K are called efficient thermal insulation materials.

Unit weight

Thermal insulation material
Unit weight is the weight per unit volume of the insulation material that has been dried and is loose at a temperature of 110 ° C. It has an optimal volume weight value, that is, under the optimal volume weight, it has a small thermal conductivity and better insulation effect. In order to save energy and reduce insulation in the project Pipe support hanger Structural load Insulation materials with small volume weight should be used as far as possible. Generally, the bulk density of soft and semi-hard materials shall not be greater than 150 kg/m3, and the bulk seal of hard materials shall not be greater than 220 kg/m3.

Fire resistance

The inorganic thermal insulation materials in the thermal insulation materials belong to the class A non-combustible green energy-saving products Class A non-combustible insulation material The safety performance is very high. It fully meets the A-class fire protection standards for thermal insulation materials stipulated in document No. [2009]46 jointly issued by the Ministry of Public Security and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Yintong The inorganic active wall insulation material layer is firmly bonded with the base wall, and has good anti-cracking, anti-cavitation, anti-falling, anti-wind pressure, anti-impact, and weather resistance. The wall will not crack and hollow due to high temperature expansion in summer; It will not crack or fall off due to the impact of stress on cold shrinkage in winter.

Other properties

Maximum use temperature, insulation and moisture material long-term safe and reliable work to withstand Limiting temperature , general inorganic material Heat-resisting temperature Relatively high; Compressive strength, compressive strength is the material subjected to Compressive force Act while destroying each unit original Cross section The top bears the most Pressure load ; Flexural strength: The flexural strength is the unit area of the material when it is damaged under bending load Moment of couple ; Moisture content, moisture content is the property of the insulation material to absorb water. The higher the value, the higher the thermal conductivity of the material, Serious damage Insulation effect. The moisture content of organic materials is generally low.

Construction technology

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Vitrified microbead mortar

(1) First will Wire mesh Cut to a predetermined size, the length should be broken at Separator joint In the slot;
(2) In Insulating layer Apply 2-3㎜ thick anti-crack (coating) mortar, and then use Anchor bolt Lay the wire mesh flat;
(3) Hot dip galvanized steel wire mesh Generally used vertically, the lap width of the joint part should not be less than 5㎝

Inorganic thermal insulation

1. Preparation for construction
Base wall passing Project acceptance achieve Quality standard Before construction, the dust, dirt, oil stains and other dust on the base wall should be cleaned and the surface should be smooth.
2. Construction points
A: Inorganic active wall thermal insulation material Class A non-combustible green energy saving Product configuration According to the ratio of 1.5:1 by weight of the product to water, the mixer is stirred and placed for 5-15 minutes to achieve suitable operation.
B Inorganic active wall insulation material Class A non-combustible green Energy-saving product Use with clean water first Cardinal plane After the dust and oil on the wall are cleaned and properly moistened, the stirred product is directly applied to the base wall or has been constructed Cement mortar On the surface. The first uniform compaction will cover the wall, the thickness is about 10mm, when the first pass of the material Moisture content At about 50%, the second batch can be applied, and the thickness of the batch is mastered between 10-20mm. Achieve firm bonding, no empty drum, no cracking. The construction thickness of the general product can be completed in a one-time batch within 20mm, the product thickness can be completed in a second batch within 30mm, and the internal and external composite construction can also be done, which can save the material of internal and external painting cement mortar Cost expense and Labor cost Can also save money Construction period To kill many birds with one stone. Initial setting time It is about 2 hours, all the processes are completed on the same day, and it can be pasted after seven days Facing brick We can do it in ten days Paint finish . If the base wall is Concrete shear wall Use the product a day in advance to do the routine Interfacial mortar Slurry casting treatment, it is recommended that the shear surface meets the hanging net (glass fiber net or Galvanized wire mesh ) to alleviate the grass roots Wall material Due to swelling Shrinkage coefficient Problems arise because of differences.
C: Quality inspection base wall and insulation layer construction achieved Relevant standard Request, each Structural layer The bond between them must be firm and free delamination , none Hollow drum , No crack And so on.
3. Construction process
External insulation Or outside wall Thermal insulation coating Finishes and tile finishes Process flow : Base treatment (concrete etc. Smooth surface Wall should use conventional interface mortar) → set square, hanging vertical, elastic Control line , Stamping bar , do the mouth, reinspection → batch wipe product → pop division line, open division groove, embedded drop sink → paint (tile) finish.

Scope of application

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Foam concrete With its good characteristics, it is widely used in energy-saving wall materials, and has also been applied in other aspects. The application of foamed concrete in our country is mainly roofing foamed concrete insulation cast-in-place, foamed concrete surface block, foamed concrete Lightweight siding Foam concrete compensation foundation. However, making full use of the good characteristics of foamed concrete can expand its application in construction projects, speed up the progress of the project, and improve the quality of the project, as follows:
Backfill material The vertical load cut-off can be reduced, and the lateral load of the opposite wall is also reduced. This is because foamed concrete is a rigid body with good bonding performance, it does not exert lateral pressure along the surrounding opposite wall, the settlement is reduced, and the maintenance cost is reduced, thus saving a lot of expenses. Foamed concrete can also be used for enhancement Embankment slope By replacing part of the soil of the slope with it, the impact is reduced by reducing the mass Slope stability the Applied force .
Sports fields and track. Use Drainage capacity A lightweight foundation of highly permeable foamed concrete is overlaid gravel or Artificial turf It is used as a playground. The density of foamed concrete is 800-900kg/m³ such sports fields can be carried out Hockey ball Soccer and tennis activities. Or cover the foam concrete with a layer of 0.05m thick porous pitch Layer and plastic layer, can be used for athletics track.
Chemicals, sewage pipes and other holes can easily lead to fire or collapse, the use of foam concrete backfill can solve these problems, the cost is also less. The density of foam concrete used depends on the diameter of the pipe and Water table Generally 600-1100kg/m³. (5) Lean concrete Fill in layer. Due to the use of flexible hoses, foam concrete has a large Working degree And adaptability, so it is often used for poor concrete fill. If the requirement of heat insulation is not very high, the density of lean concrete is about 1200kg/m³, and the average thickness is 0.05m; If the demand for heat insulation is very high, the density of 500kg/m³ lean concrete filling layer is used, with an average thickness of 0.1-0.2m.
landscaping Apply. will Foamed cement Made of 600-1000kg/m³ can be used to make handrails in gardens, rockeries, stool , table, etc.
There are many types of insulation, Scope of application It's also very wide.
More commonly used are: Glass wool products , Vinet Thermal insulation blanket , Insulating foam glass Polyurethane, etc.
Glass wool Use of the product:
Air conditioning insulation, air pipe insulation, steel structure insulation, boiler insulation, dust collector, steam pipe insulation, etc.
Use of the heat insulation blanket:
Petroleum, chemical industry, thermal power, steel, non-ferrous metals, Industrial furnace Thermal insulation and protection of thermal equipment in other industries.
Ships, trains, cars, planes, etc Traffic equipment High temperature insulation.
Thermal insulation of household appliances, such as Barbecue grill , oven, Electric oven , Microwave oven Let's wait.
Immersed in resin and processed into a sheet shape, it is real estate building and Air conditioner excellent gasket Thermal insulation and noise reduction materials.
Use of insulation foam glass:
Building wall insulation, building roof and other energy saving Waterproof application .
Various kinds of flue Lined with Industrial kiln For thermal insulation applications.
All kinds of civil cold storage, warehouse and subway, tunnel and other basic thermal insulation applications.
expressway Infrastructure, airports and buildings Isolating layer Apply.
Swimming pool, channel dam and other leakage and mothproof works.
Medium and low temperature pharmaceutical Insulation system .
Application of cabin insulation in Marine industry.
polyurethane Use of:
Cold storage, refrigerated truck or Fresh-keeping container .
Color steel sandwich board Thermal insulation layer Let's wait.
Petrochemical tank.
Petrochemical, metallurgical and other pipe insulation and cold protection.
The outer layer of a variety of buried composite direct buried pipe, etc.
The roof insulation material should be porous, Apparent density Small, Thermal conductivity (small) material.

Development status

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The thermoplastic organic foam of thermal insulation material has the characteristics of light weight, high efficiency, shrinkage and melting in case of fire, dripping combustion; Thermosetting insulation material is FLOLIC as the main raw material, mixed with a variety of inorganic fillers, through foam curing Polymer synthetic material . It has no combustion, low thermal conductivity, no freon, Temperature adaptation Wide range, good chemical resistance, water resistance, strong aging resistance, convenient construction, beautiful appearance and other advantages, especially with excellent fire performance and resistance Low temperature performance And show its broad application prospects, is today's organic class Thermal insulation material The replacement products provide thermal insulation, energy saving and environmental protection New idea It is one of the most advanced and perfect thermal insulation material systems. Thermosetting organic foam in case of fire combustion carbonization, Carbon deposit Self-blocking. It can be seen that the thermosetting organic foam has Specific heat Plastic organic foam has better fire resistance. The experiment shows that the fire resistance of B2 thermoset organic foam is better than that of B1 thermoplastic organic foam. Scientific research It has been proved that the fire resistance of B1 thermoset organic foam is even better than that of ordinary glass wool and other A-class inorganic fiber insulation products, and the carbon deposit flame retardant layer formed during the combustion of thermoset organic foam can prevent the flame from spreading. In the selection of organic insulation materials, not only to limit the level of combustion, but also to distinguish it Combustion characteristic .

Construction process

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1. Prepare what is needed on site scaffold , Wooden ladder Such tools, and pack leg protection to protect the finished roof. Upper personnel must carry Safety belt , Safety Helmet Hat And fasten it hatband . Carry on site Dry powder fire extinguisher To prevent fires.
2, clean up the dirt on the surface of the air duct, so that the glue can be painted, and then the material is transported to the scene, the air duct measurement is carried out by the cutting engineer, and the clean wood for cutting is laid on the ground to start cutting, in order to keep the finished surface clean. brushing Such steps should be hygienically treated (paved oilcloth Or wood), brush glue on it to keep the surface clean.
3. Install by steps, brush glue on the surface of the iron duct, brush glue on the surface of the insulation board, and then on the bottom in order. remount On both sides and finally on the top, brush glue on the surface of the connection of the two air pipes, brush glue on the pressure strip of the thermal insulation flange, lay the pressure strip to complete the thermal insulation installation of the part, and so on, accumulate construction according to this step.

Testing equipment

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Whether it is the manufacturer, or the use of the unit, or Quality supervision department In order to determine whether the insulation material is qualified, it is necessary to use special instruments and equipment to detect, here are a few examples to illustrate.
[A] For example, to test the resistance of insulation materials Tensile strength Performance, you can choose one according to the tensile force that the specific insulation material can withstand Testing machine Equipment, equipment parameters are described as follows:
  1. 1.
    Main uses:
This machine is specialized on Composite mortar Security system, polystyrene board thin plaster external wall insulation system, hard Polyurethane foam Composite panel exterior wall surrounding system and other exterior wall insulation system and roof insulation materials for various physical and chemical Performance test Test developed.
Applicable standard:
JC/T992-2006 "Adhesive for Expanded polyethylene board for Wall Insulation"
JC/T993-2006 "External wall insulation with expanded polyethylene board plasters"
JC/T547-2005 "Ceramic Floor Tile Adhesive"
JC/T907-2002 Concrete interface treatment agent "
JC890-2001 "Masonry mortar and coating mortar for Autoclaved aerated Concrete"
JG158-2004 Rubber powder polystyrene particles external wall insulation system "
DBJ01-38-20025 "External wall insulation construction technical regulations Polymer cement mortar adhesive"
DBJ/T01-50-2002 "External wall insulation construction technical regulations Flexible waterproof putty"
Second, technical parameters:
Main technical parameters
WDW-10
WDW-20
WDW-50
WDW-100
Maximum experimental force
10KN
20KN
50KN
100KN
Measuring range
2%-100% of the maximum test force
Accuracy level of testing machine
Level 1
Accuracy of test force
Better than the indicated value ±1%
Displacement measurement
The resolution is 0.01mm
Deformation accuracy
Better than ±0.5%
Speed range
1-300mm/min
Experiment space
600mm (can be customized according to requirements)
Stepless speed regulation
Ac servo motor and control system are adopted
Test space adjustment mechanism
High precision ball screw drive
appearance
Meet the national GB/T2611 standard
Experimental protection function
Overload protection
Safety protection device
Limit protection
Main engine size
720 * 490 * 1850
Host form
Portal frame structure
weight
About 650KG
Working environment
Room temperature -45 degrees, humidity 20%-80%
[2] Similarly, to test the compression resistance of thermal insulation materials, a testing machine can be selected according to the pressure that the specific thermal insulation materials can withstand. The equipment parameters are summarized as follows:
Third, the scope of equipment:
Liquid crystal Digital display pressure testing machine Applicable to wood-based panels, cement products, concrete, cardboard boxes, manhole covers, iron ore pellets, pipes, Air brick , stone , refractory materials, Rubber bearing , Red brick Etc. Metallic material and Non-metallic material the Compressive strength Or compressive bending test, is the necessary equipment for road, railway, bridge, construction, building materials, colleges and universities and other industries laboratory.
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