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Sports venue
A place where sports are played
Sports venues are used for sports training,
Sports competition
And professional places for physical exercise. It is designed to meet the needs of sports training, sports competitions and the general public
Sports consumption
All types specially built for use
playground
The general term for all. Sports venues mainly include stadiums, gymnasiums and gymnasiums that are open to the public and provide various services.
natatorium
,
Physical education teaching
Track shed for training,
Wind and rain playground
Sports arenas and other types of indoor and outdoor venues and masses
Physical fitness
Sports clubs, gyms, gymnastic rooms and other simple fitness and entertainment venues required for recreational activities.
It is mainly divided into the stadium for outdoor competition training and the stadium for indoor competition training.
- Chinese name
- Sports venue
- Foreign name
- Stadium
- Generic type
- An outdoor arena for physical exercise and competition
- dominance
- comprehensiveness playground
stadium
(Stadium) is a venue for outdoor physical exercise and competition, and a large stadium is comprehensive
playground
Generally, there is a standard
Track and field field
To set up a standard football field (or
Rugby field
). The venue is surrounded by stands, which together with other supporting facilities can be varied
Sports event
Training and competition. The general stadium is mostly for the single event venue, built a track and field, can also set up stands. Are equipped with full-time or part-time management staff and
trainer
Responsible for training and competition work. According to the number of spectators, the stadium is divided into: more than 25,000 people in Grade A, 15,000 to 25,000 people in Grade B, 5,000 to 15,000 people in Grade C, and less than 5,000 people in Grade D.
A Gymnasium is a place where sports are played indoors. According to the nature of use, the gymnasium can be divided into two categories: competition hall and practice hall. According to the sports can be divided into basketball hall, ice hockey hall, track and field hall, etc. According to the size of the body can be divided into large, medium and small, generally divided according to the number of audience seats, Grade A more than 6,000 people, Grade B 4,000 to 6,000 people, Grade C 2,000 to 4,000 people, Grade D 2,000 people below. China now calls those with more than 8,000 seats large stadiums, those with less than 3,000 seats small stadiums, and those in between medium stadiums.
Stadium ground, space height, illumination, temperature, ventilation, sound, etc. All shall comply with the requirements of the competition rules. Trapezoidal stands are set around. Equipped with special management staff and coaches, responsible for competition business and training work. Grassroots gymnasium generally press
Basketball court
Construction is required, training or competition in other projects can also be carried out, and stands can also be set around. Schools can also build a gymnasium, movie theater, venue and other functions of the comprehensive hall.
The planning and distribution of the stadium base should be reasonable, and the contradiction between the flow of people and the flow of vehicles and the urban traffic should be considered in the design of large stadiums, including the contradiction between the peak load of urban traffic and the contradiction between the route of emergency vehicles. On the one hand, it is necessary to ensure the safe evacuation of a large number of spectators in the stadium (all can be evacuated outside the building within 4 to 5 minutes), and on the other hand, it is necessary to avoid a large number of people and traffic jams when the stadium is used. The stadium should have a large parking area and be close to the main road and traffic
Public transport station
.
The layout of the stadium should be strictly in accordance with international standards, such as the net height of the tennis and volleyball courts is not less than 12 meters. Generally, the indoor height of the gymnasium suitable for international competitions is not less than 15 meters. The audience should be in the best visual range. No natural lighting window shall be provided in the long axis direction of the playing field. The playing area and the practice area should be easily accessible. The position of the rostrum shall be selected according to the requirements of the competition ceremony with moderate status and the best sight line. Rostrum personnel, audience and
Sportsman
Access routes and rooms should be separate. The athletes' entrance should be located opposite the rostrum. The position of the referee's bench, scoreboard, timing device, radio, television and electrical control room shall be arranged in a reasonable manner to enable the smooth running of the game.
The section design of the spectator stands directly affects the viewing quality. The stands are mostly designed as steps, the slope is generally not more than 30 degrees, and the height of the steps is generally not more than 45 cm. In the section design, the elevation of the site should be determined according to the comprehensive consideration of traffic evacuation, mechanical transportation and construction cost. General stadium site elevation should be close to the natural floor and off-site floor.
The span of the stadium is large, and the roof structure plays an important role in the whole architectural design, which plays a decisive role in the architectural modeling. The construction of the stadium has helped
Long span structure building
The development of... Available are
Space grid structure
Suspension structure, inflatable structure, tension structure, etc.
According to the data of the fifth national sports venues census, as of December 31, 2003, China has a total of 8500,080 sports venues that meet the requirements of the fifth national sports venues census, including 547,178 standard sports venues and 302,902 non-standard sports venues. The per capita sports field area is 1.03 square meters.
Under the macro background of China's rapid economic development, continuous improvement of residents' income, steady improvement of residents' living standards, and upgrading of residents' life and entertainment consumption, the sports industry has ushered in the era of "sports for all". As the focus of the development of the sports industry, the sports venue industry has also developed rapidly, and is generally regarded as a sunrise industry with great potential for development.
In 2008, the added value of the national sports venues industry was 3 billion yuan, and 26,200 people were employed. The stadium industry has absorbed a large number of employees with a small number of employment institutions, and from the per capita output value point of view, the per capita added value of the stadium industry in 2008 was 114,500 yuan. However, from the perspective of the contribution of the sports venues industry to the sports industry, the added value of the sports venues industry in 2008 only accounted for 1.93% of the total added value of the sports and related industries in the country that year, compared with other industries, the contribution of the sports venues industry to the sports industry is relatively small, and the sports venues industry has a large space for development.
The revitalization work of a large number of existing sports venues assets also needs the further efforts of the sports venues industry to explore and practice, and realize the full utilization of sports venues resources.
At the same time, combined with the planning and development of the city, the construction of large-scale venues at the same time more fully consider the use of post-competition, pay more attention to highlight the national cultural characteristics and the application of high-tech products, China's sports venues industry is moving rapidly towards the direction of industrialization.
Sports venues refer to special land with fixed facilities and equipment that can be used for sports fitness, teaching, training and competition, including public sports venues open to the community and non-public sports venues used within units.
The scale and level of development of sports venues is one of the important symbols of a country's economic development level and social civilization. Sports facilities are the material basis for the development of sports undertakings, and one of the key factors for popularizing mass sports and improving the level of competitive sports. With the deepening of China's reform and opening up, the rapid transformation of production mode and lifestyle, people are entering the leisure era, leisure time is increasing rapidly, the profound change of people's values, people's demand for sports culture, sports leisure, sports fitness is greatly enhanced.
With the country's economic development and the improvement of comprehensive national strength, the diversification trend of sports venues investment is becoming more and more obvious, and private capital and foreign capital are gradually increasing. For a long time, the situation that sports venues are mainly invested by the state has been changed to a certain extent. With the vigorous development of the national fitness movement, people's awareness of fitness activities is gradually enhanced, and the opening degree of sports venues is gradually increased. The operation condition of sports venues has been greatly improved, the self-survival ability has been enhanced to a certain extent, and the number and scale of sports facilities have also been expanded correspondingly.
According to the National Fitness Plan (2011-2015), by 2015, there will be more than 1.2 million sports venues of all kinds in the country, and the per capita sports venue area will reach more than 1.5 square meters. According to the results of the fifth sports venues Census, compared with the fourth sports venues census, the total number of sports venues in China, the area of sports venues, the number of sports venues per 100,000 people and the per capita area of sports venues will increase by 38.07%, 69.87%, 32.00% and 58.46%, respectively.
The absolute number of sports venues in our country is abundant, but the relative number is insufficient, especially the distribution of regional sports venues has greater differences. Comparing the scale of sports venues in different regions, it can be found that in terms of the number of sports venues, the total area of sports venues and the per capita area of sports venues, the eastern region is higher than the western region, and the central region is the least. While 100,000 people have the number of sports venues, the western region is the highest, the central region is the lowest, mainly the western region is vast, sparsely populated. It can be seen that the distribution of the number and scale of regional sports venues in China presents an unbalanced state. It can be seen that the sports venue construction industry in the central and western regions has great investment and development potential.
