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Sanqing Mountain is also known as Shaohua Mountain,
Ya Son
Located in Jiangxi Province, China
Shangrao City
Yushan county
with
Dexing City
The junction. Because Yujing, Yuxu, Yuhua three peaks like the Taoist Yuqing, upper Qing, Taiqing three revered gods sitting on the top of the mountain named. among
Okgyongbong
For the highest, 1819.9 meters above sea level, is the fifth highest peak in Jiangxi and the highest peak of Huaiyu Mountains, is also
Xinjiang
The source. Sanqing Mountain is a famous Taoist mountain.
World Natural Heritage Site
,
Global geopark
,
National natural heritage
,
National geopark
,
National AAAAA tourist attraction
.
[24]
The main body of Sanqing Mountain is 12.2 kilometers long from north to south and 6.3 kilometers wide from east to west. The plane is shaped like a lotus leaf and slopes from southeast to northwest. The Huaiyushan tectonic block unit is located in the junction zone of the Yangtze and Cathaysian plates in the southeast of the Eurasian plate. Located in the hinterland of Huaiyu Mountains, it is a Zhongshan terrain dominated by granite structural erosion. The mountains are steep in the east, south and west, and slow in the north. From the foot of the mountain to the top, the horizontal distance is 5km, and the altitude increases from 200m to 1816m
[1]
.
The granite microgeomorphology of different origin is densely distributed in Sanqing Mountain, showing the most densely distributed and diversified peak forest among the known granite geomorphology in the world. 2,373 species of higher plants and 1,728 species of wild animals make up East Asia's biodiversity environment; The history of Taoism for more than 1600 years has given rise to rich Taoist cultural connotations. The ancient building complex of the Sanqing Palace in accordance with the eight trigrams has been evaluated by the cultural relics research Group of The State Council as "the open-air museum of ancient Chinese Taoist architecture".
The World Heritage Assembly believes that Sanqing Mountain displays unique granite pillars and peaks in a relatively small area, and the combination of rich granite molding stones with a variety of vegetation, the landscape changes from far and near and the shocking climate wonders creates a unique landscape aesthetic effect in the world, presenting an attractive natural beauty. "
National Geography of China
"Magazine selected as one of the" Five most beautiful mountain forests in China "; Chinese and American geologists agree that it is "the most beautiful granite on the edge of the Western Pacific."
- Chinese name
- Sanqing Mountain
- Geographical position
- Jiangxi Province Yushan county with Dexing City junction
- Scenic spot level
- Class AAAAA
- Maximum altitude
- 1,819.9 meters
- peak
- Okgyongbong
- Site position
- World Natural Heritage Site, World Geopark
- Home country
- China
- Home city
- Yushan County, Shangrao City, Jiangxi Province
- Door ticket
- Adult ticket: 120 yuan/person. Half-price ticket: 60 yuan/person. [2] [23]
The first sea flood in Sanqing Mountain occurred 1.4 billion years ago
Middle Proterozoic
. At that time, the crustal movement in the Sanqingshan area was in the "geosynclinal" subsidence stage, and the sea water was immersed for 400 million years and deposited thousands of meters thick
Shuangqiao Mountain Group
The flysch Marine clastic rocks are intermingled with submarine volcanic eruptions. In "...
Jinning movement
After that, the geosynclinal subsidence history ended, the crust began to gradually return and rise, the water became land, and the Sanqingshan area entered a relatively stable "platform" stage. One billion years ago, Sanqingshan area became an island arc in the South China Ocean, 900-850 million years ago, the ocean basin disappeared, the Yangtze plate collided with the Cathaysian plate, Sanqingshan area is just in the ancient plate junction zone. Since the Mesozoic era, the continental A-type subduction and extension laid the geological structure and geographical framework, which provided the superior geological environment for the formation of granite geological landform, the multiplication of organisms and the development of human beings in Sanqingshan.
Sanqing Mountain
In the Sinian period, the continental crust basically consolidated, the climate warmed, and the ice and snow melted. At the end of the Sinian period, the second sea immersion occurred, and the sea water was submerged for 160 million years, which continued until
Ordovician period
In the late period, a shallow Marine sand shale and carbonate rock with a thickness of more than 4000 meters, and containing Marine fossils such as trilobites, graptolites and sponges, deposited a set of shallow Marine argillaceous siliceous and carbonate formations. After the "Caledonian First Act" orogeny at the end of Ordovician period, Sanqing Mountain was completely removed from the seawater environment and no longer received deposits. In the early Silurian period 440 million years ago, although the third sea flood occurred, the sea water only reached the southeastern edge of Sanqing Mountain. More than 200 million years ago, Sanqingshan ended its long maritime history and began to enter a new stage of inland development. 180 million years ago,
Jurassic Period
Late and
The Cretaceous Period
Exceptionally strong orogeny occurred in the Sanqingshan region, that is, Yanshanian movement, accompanied by large-scale acidic magma immersion activities, thus laying the geological foundation of the Sanqingshan landscape. Mesozoic is an important period of granite formation and mountain formation in Sanqingshan, and it is also the foundation period of granite geology, granite landform and granite ecology. Since then, changes in the Cenozoic era have created the peculiar granite landscape and unique ecosystem of today.
Evolution of double-sided weathering crust in Sanqingshan [3]
During the early stage of the Mid-Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous basin range, due to the interaction between the Eurasian plate and the paleo-Pacific plate, a strong Yanshanian intracontinental orogeny occurred in the region. With the intracontinental subduction of the deep fault in northeast Jiangxi, a northest-trending Sanqing granite base was formed, and the Huaiyu Mountains began to show a compression type "mid-depression uplift" type low uplift and gradually weak denudation occurred. Continental basins appear on both sides. At that time, ancient Eurasia, including Sanqing Mountain, and ancient North America were connected.
In the late Cretaceous basin-range extensional forming stage and the Himalayan stage, the crust was strongly extended after orogeny, and large-scale faulting occurred. The Huaiyu Mountains are rapidly uplifted and strongly denuded, and the granite is exposed to the surface, with an estimated denudation thickness of about 4000-5000m. The red clastic rock depression basin is formed by the unbalanced fault depression on both sides of the mountain. The northern basin is small in scale, and the southern Xinjiang fault depression basin is large in scale, and the red clastic rock accumulation thickness is 2000-3000m. There is a great contrast between the mountain and the basin. Huaiyu Mountains is the main formative period. The Eurasian and North American continents began to separate. The slow change period of basin range from Paleogene to Neogene was a relatively dormant period after strong crustal extension, with weak mountain denudation, basin shrinkage and lack of sediment.
During the Quaternary basin-ridge reconstruction period, the crust rose slowly in a wavy shape, and there were 3 orders in the upper part of Huaiyu Mountains and Sanqing Lake near the foothills
Planation surface
The Xinjiang River Valley forms 3 terraces. From Huaiyushan Mountain range and foothills to Xinjiang Basin, the crustal uplift decreases successively. At the same time, the differential lifting action occurs along the partial fracture. Sanqing Mountain is controlled by the three positive faults surrounding it, and slowly rises again. Under the background of the uplift of Huaiyu Mountain, the "uplift on uplift" is formed, which becomes the highest peak of Huaiyu Mountain Range and also the landscaping period of Sanqing Mountain forest landscape
[1]
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The stratum in Sanqingshan area is from
Proterozoic eon
There are different degrees of exposure in quaternary strata. It includes Zhangcun Group, Heshangzhen Group, Nanhua System, Sinian system, Paleozoic system, Mesozoic system and so on.
Geotectonic location map of Sanqingshan region [1]
The Paleozoic is mainly distributed in and around the Sanqingshan Mountain. The Cambrian is mainly composed of carbonate rocks with mud and siliceous shale, and the bottom is black shale. The Ordovician is dominated by shale and contains abundant graptolite fossils. Silurian is argillaceous clastic rock; The Devonian system consists of sandy conglomerate, quartz sandstone and silty shale, which are often not integrated above the pre-Devonian system. Carboniferous and Permian are carbonate rocks. The Mesozoic is dominated by Jurassic and Cretaceous.
The Triassic is distributed locally, with carbonate rocks and shale in the middle and lower part and coal-bearing clastic rocks in the upper part, which are often not integrated with the early strata. The Jurassic system emerged in the margin of the Mesozoic basin outside the Sanqing Mountains. The lower part was light colored sandstone, the middle part was mixed colored sand shale with silicified wood fossils, and the upper part was continental volcanic complex. The Cretaceous is distributed in the Mesozoic continental basin outside the Sanqing Mountains, mainly composed of red and variegated clastic rock series, the lower part is continental pyroclastic rock, and the upper part contains dinosaur eggs and dinosaur bones.
The quaternary system is only developed in the Cenozoic, and the distribution is limited, mainly distributed in the gully depression and flat land, mainly in alluvial clay, sub-clay, sand gravel or gravel clay
[1]
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The magmatic rocks in Sanqingshan area are active frequently and widely distributed. The magmatic rocks are mainly ultra-acidic intrusive rocks, that is, the Sanqingshan granite mass formed in the late Yanshan period (part of Huaiyushan rock mass), which forms the main body of Sanqingshan Mountain. Sanqingshan granite body is located in the central part of Sanqingshan mountain, its plane shape is irregular, and the surface area of the mountain is about 98km
2
. The granite intrudes into the Southern Chinese - Ordovician strata on the southern flank of the Huangtuling complex anticline. It is produced in the form of bedrock and rock strain, and the intrusion contact line is irregular, in the form of waves, harbours or branches, and the contact surface is inclined to the surrounding rock. The inner contact zone shows a dense and hard fine crystal condensation edge 1~3cm wide, and the residual roof is common in the rock mass with shallow denudation degree. The outer contact zone has strong thermal contact metamorphism, forming a thermal contact metamorphism halo more than 500~2000 meters wide. The primary flow structure in the rock mass is not developed, and the successor dyke is developed, mainly including granite aplite, pegmatite, granite porphyry, diorite porphyrite and gabbro diabase dyke. There are many dark minerals with different sizes and irregular forms in the rock mass, which are relatively rich in diorite inclusions. Surrounding rock alteration mainly includes skarn, silicification and chlorite. The main mineral components of rock mass are potassium feldspar, plagioclase, quartz,
biotite
Let's wait.
In Sanqingshan granite, there are often more diorite inclusions with different sizes and irregular forms, which are relatively rich in dark minerals. The granite complex is obviously controlled by the NE-trending fault structure, but the intrusive contact boundary is irregular, the residual cap is developed, the exposure width of the external contact thermal metamorphism is large, the primary flow structure is not obvious, and the oxidation coefficient of the rock is 0.47 on average. The main intrusive rock mass in the granite base is divided into three phase zones, the marginal phase is fine-grained porphyritic kali-feldspar, the transition phase is medium-grained to medium-coarse-grained kali-feldspar, and the central phase is coarse-grained kali-feldspar only found in the gully, and the residual ceiling of the surrounding rock is more, indicating that the degree of rock denudation is shallow. The emplacement depth of the granite is estimated to be between 4000 and 4500m.
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lithofacies
The major intrusions of Sanqingshan granite can be divided into three phases, namely:
Marginal facies: Lithology is fine-grained (micro-fine-grained - mottled) porphyritic biotite monzonitic granite;
Transitional phase: The lithology is medium-fine grained porphyritic biotite potassium feldspar granite.
Internal facies: The lithology is medium coarse-grained porphyritic biotite potassium feldspar granite.
The three zones do not form a concentric ring shape on the plane, especially the internal mutually irregular distribution, which is caused by the greater changes in the tectonic stress field in the process of magma upinvasion, the more volatile environment of magma condensation and crystallization, and the uneven degree of topographic cutting and denudation after the crust rise.
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Internal structure of granite mass
In the interior of the Sanqingshan granite body, two vertical joints mainly develop, one is NORtheast-Northeast-Northeast-trending and the other is Northeast-trending, which form a chessboard pattern. These joint fissure structures have tension-shear characteristics, thin density, high strength, long extension, deep cutting, zonal output, which is the main control transformation of Sanqingshan granite landscape. In addition, a group of near-horizontal joints also developed in the area, which together formed a fracture network, which formed a variety of unique landscapes through erosion, denudation and weathering. The structural trace of joint can be seen in most of the peak forest landscape. From southwest to northeast, the former has an overall trend from convergence to dispersion, forming a broom like output in the macro, developing on a large scale, and often showing a zonal distribution in space. It is the main structure controlling the western peak wall (Xihai Heavy Wall, Nine-day Great Wall, etc.) and the southern canyon (Fushou Gate, one-line sky, etc.). The latter generally moves to the northwest, turns slightly to the south and east, and its scale gradually increases from the north to the south, and shows a zonal output, which is the main structure controlling the central peak column, the south and east peak wall and some canyons. In addition, a group of near-horizontal joints is also developed in the granite, which is the main structure of the sculpted stone landscape, that is, the peak wall, peak column and other landscapes are cut by the horizontal joints and washed by weathering denudation, forming a variety of unique landscapes
[1]
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It is distributed in the northwest and northeast of the Sanqing Mountains, and is composed of Nanhua - Silurian sedimentary cover. In the region, the fold of the last period is often covered by stratigraphic unconformity since Jurassic, so it is inferred that the fold is IndoChinese. The main ones are:
(1) Huangtuling Complex anticline: Located in the northwest part of Sanqing Mountain, Huangtuling Complex anticline is a part of the regional Huangtuling complex anticline. Its axis runs to the northeast, the folds dip to the northeast and spread to the southwest, extending for about 15km in the area. The axial plane is nearly upright, the occurrence of the two wings is more disordered, the occurrence of the north west wing is steeper, which is 300~350°∠30~75°, and the south east wing
attitude
Relatively slow, 120~150°∠30~60°. The core stratum is
Nanhua Period
The wing strata are composed of Sinian-Ordovician strata. The southern flank is widely exposed and often forms some secondary anticline structures.
(2) Huameishan syncline: distributed in the northeast of Sanqing Mountain, its axis runs northest-southwest, its southwest end starts from the side of Huaiyushan rock mass, and its northeast end extends from the source to the region, the axis runs 67°, the northwest wing is slightly steeper, the dip Angle is 40°~60°, and the southeast wing is slower, the dip Angle is 30°~50°. The core stratum is the Early Ordovician Yinzhubu Formation, and the wing part is composed of the late Cambrian stratum
[1]
.
A fault zone in Sanqingshan granite [3]
(1) Fenglin-Zihuzhen granite fault: located in the southeast of Sanqingshan, it is composed of several faults extending 50°~60° to the northeast, with a dip to the southeast and a dip Angle of 60°. It rises in the north west and falls in the south east. Along the fault, there are cleaved and slatted zones formed by early shear activity and fault breccia zones formed by late activity, which are 10~40m wide and are multi-stage active faults. Such as linear gully, "knee" shaped extension of the water system.
(2) Egongling-Xiaxiceng granite fault: located in the east-northeast of Sanqingshan, it strikes northwest and dips northeast, with an inclination of 65°~70°. Its south-west plate rises and North-East plate drops. Stratified granites and structural breccia are developed on the fault plane. The rocks are strongly silicified and the minerals are recrystallized. Quartz crystal clusters and agate are seen. The fault valley landform is formed along the fault, and the fault scarp formed by silicification zone can be seen intermittenously in the southeast section.
(3) Xiaokeng - Bajiaowu granite fault: located in the northwest of Sanqingshan, it strikes northeast and leans northwest with an inclination of 70°, cutting off the northeast fault, which rises in the south east and falls in the north west. Tectonic breccia, silicified rock and cataclastic rock are developed along faults. Fault valley landform is formed along the main fault strike
[1]
.
Sanqing Mountain is steep in the east, south and west, gentle in the north, with a great difference in elevation. On the whole, Dongpo from Jinsha to
Okgyongbong
The western slope from Hengtan, Fenshui to Yujing Peak is just two adjacent concave spheres, which are combined with the convex sphere in the south to form a peculiar landform of towering clouds and cascading peaks. The east slope is gentler than the west slope, and the south slope is gentler than the east slope. The rocks that make up the main body of Sanqing Mountain are the late Yanshan granite, among which the granite of the margin phase and the transition phase are the main rocks that make up the peaks of Sanqing Mountain, and the granite near the bottom of the mountain is mostly the middle coarse-grained porphyritic and porphyritic biotite granite of the inner phase, which is easy to weather and denudate, so it forms a slightly slow terrain.
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landform
The basic landform of Sanqing Mountain can be divided into two types: mountain and hill, and the mountain can be divided into Zhongshan and mountain
Low mountain
Two subclasses, hills can be divided into two subclasses of high hills and low hills.
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Genetic type
According to the main force of geomorphology development, the genetic types of Sanqingshan geomorphology are structural erosion and water erosion geomorphology, which can be divided into four types, namely, structural erosion of zhongshan geomorphology, structural erosion of low mountain geomorphology, water erosion and denudation of high hill geomorphology and water erosion and denudation of low hill geomorphology
[1]
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Geomorphic form type unit division
According to the characteristics of morphological quantity (specific height and percentage of released area), the granite landform of Sanqingshan can be divided into the following four geomorphic regions:
(1) Strong mid-cut Zhongshan geomorphic area: Yujing Peak as the center, from its southwest Yungai peak has been extended to its northeast Dawutou area belong to this geomorphic area, 1000~1800m above sea level, more than 1000m mountains also account for 1/3 of the total area of the mountain, cutting depth of hundreds of meters to more than 1,000 meters, cutting degree >50%.
(2) Strong shallow cut low mountain geomorphologic area: Egongling - Wangshan, Shanghengtan - Dayuanwu, Jiuqiangdi - Shangxikeng and other places belong to this geomorphologic area, with an altitude of 500~1000m, cutting depth of 100~500m, and cutting degree of 50%.
(3) Weak shallow cut high hill geomorphology area: distributed in Fenglin, Zhongkeng, Shuangxi, Fenshui and other places, elevation 300~500m, only a few hills more than 500m, cutting depth of 100~200m, cutting degree <20%. The slope is relatively slow, the gully is short and shallow, in the shape of V, and the ridge runs east-west, and the shape is rounded.
(4) Weak shallow cut low hill geomorphic area: the range is small, distributed in the southern geopark Fenglin, Zhongkeng area, elevation of 200~300m, cutting depth of 60~150m, cutting degree <20%. The gully is short and shallow, and the top of the hill is rounded.
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Geomorphic landscape type unit division
Based on the main features of one or several landform landmarks, Sanqing Mountain can be divided into four types of landform units:
(1) The geomorphic unit with peak forest as the main body: the central area of Sanqingshan Scenic spot, including Nanqing Garden scenic spot, Yujing Peak scenic spot and Wanshou Garden Scenic spot, covers an area of about 6km
2
The altitude is generally >1000m, the cutting depth is hundreds of meters to more than 1,000 meters, and the cutting degree is more than 50%. In this area, the geological remains of peak forest are mainly developed. From Yujing Peak to the east, its peak forest landform is generally in a ladder shape from high to low, and the stone peak form in the peak forest has a height from tens to hundreds of meters.
(2) Valley, cliff, (mountain) Fengyu combination geomorphic units: mainly distributed in the Donggujian - Ma Beishan - Jigong Shi Jian - Yangqing bridge - Fengmen - Bingyu Cave - Shangxikeng area, the elevation is generally 500~1000m, in this area, canyons, cliffs, peaks and forests are developed, with the appearance of the three coexist. The canyons in the area vary in direction, the length of the canyons is generally 1km to several kilometers, the plane shape of the canyons are linear, some are curved, and the transverse section of the canyons are mostly deep and narrow V-shaped, the rock walls on both sides of the canyons are generally steeper, and the common cliff appears, the cliff height is from 100 meters to hundreds of meters, and the peak forest landform is often visible.
(3) Geomorphic units dominated by canyons: It is mainly distributed in the area of Xihengtan-Dayuanwu-Fangtang-Jinsha, with an altitude of 500~1000m above sea level, and mainly developed canyons of various trends, the length of canyons ranges from 1km to ten kilometers. Some of the plane forms of canyons are linear, some are curved, and the transverse section of canyons are mostly deep and narrow V-shaped, and the rock walls on both sides of the canyons are generally steep. The height of the canyon varies from 100m to several hundred metres.
(4) Geomorphic units mainly composed of gravel accumulation: distributed in Pingxi, Fenglin, Fenshui, Jinsha and other places, with an elevation of less than 450m, they are typical intermountain depression. Due to the accumulation of Quaternary flood alluvial pebbles, large gravel with a diameter of 10~15m is frequently seen in the depression, and the largest gravel diameter is 30m, with good roundings. For example, the "fairy drive stone" located in Pingxi is a typical Quaternary pebble accumulation landform. In addition, Sanqing Fudi is also a typical mountain depression, 1450m above sea level, the depression area of 100 mu, which also has quaternary pebble accumulation
[1]
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Granite microgeomorphic landscape
The microgeomorphic landscape types of granite peak forest in Sanqing Mountain mainly include peaks, peak walls,
Peak cluster
,
Stone forest
, peak pillar,
Stone cone
,
Rock wall
,
gully
There are 9 types of granite rock landscape, which are the key areas to study the formation and evolution of granite microgeomorphology. In the core scenic area of 3780 hectares, there are 48 Qifeng,
Molding stone
89 places, scenery, landscape more than 384 places, can be called the world's natural museum of granite microlandform. Rich in stone scenery, mainly for structural erosion, erosion of the formation of stone scenery, stone eggs are very few, of which "Oriental goddess", "python out of the mountain" two iconic landscape, for the world's "stunning".
The microgeomorphic morphology of Sanqingshan granite is not only varied, but also the main stages of its formation and evolution have preserved typical type characteristics and systemically complete remains. The form type is relatively complete. Among them, there are six categories of the rarest: granite peaks, granite peak walls, granite peak clusters, granite stone forests, granite peak columns, granite stone cones.
On the peaks, peaks, peaks, peaks, peaks and columns, due to weathering denudation, erosion and non-uniform collapse and spherical weathering, a number of beautiful stone shapes with certain image significance have been formed, which can be further divided into two types from the origin.
One is the granite shaped stone formed by weathering denudation, the number is small, and the typical examples are spherical stone (gourd stone) and turtle shaped stone (turtle exploration).
The second is the granite shaped stone formed by erosion, erosion and uneven collapse, such as sharp horn stone (Xianren now refers to, Xiangu drying shoes, rhino stone, crane Shou ding, snail play pine) and some stone scenery with unique forms (fox eating chicken, Ge Hong Altan, leopard cat waiting for mice, Lao Zhuang Daoism).
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Waterfalls, blue pools, springs
Sanqing Mountain has abundant rainfall, abundant water, runoff development, and many waterfalls. There are 8 main waterfalls, the elevation is generally 500~1000m, mainly distributed in the lower part of the mountain, the drop is generally 10~30m, several meters wide to tens of meters. Most of the waterfalls have the characteristics of "three-layer structure", that is, there is a "stone gate" shaped water outlet at the upper end, the main body of the hanging rock waterfall in the middle, and there is often a beautiful blue pool at the bottom. The genetic types of waterfalls are generally divided into fault type and erosion type, such as eight 磜 Longtan waterfall, jade curtain waterfall, stone stream waterfall, Bingyu cave waterfall and so on.
Sanqingshan blue Tan more connected with streams, waterfalls, clear green. Bitan area more than tens of square meters, several meters deep. The formation of Bitan is the result of internal and external geological forces, mostly appearing in the intersection of geological structural faults and joints, and formed by the continuous erosion and erosion of surface water, such as Shigu Tan, Jade Girl Tan, Five colors Jasper Tan, etc.
Due to the development of a large number of mesh-like fractures in the Sanqingshan granite body, a large amount of tectonic fracture water exists. In addition, Sanqing Mountain has a lot of rain, low temperature, slow water evaporation, dense forests, and the infiltration of structural fissure water, forming many seasonal descending springs. Its water is pure, cold, sweet and delicious, such as ancient Danjing, Luquan well, Yuan Spring, Yumen Spring and so on
[1]
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Okgyongbong
Yujing Peak is located in the center of Sanqing Mountain, and Yuxu, Yuhua two peaks stand, 1816.9 meters above sea level, for the first peak of Sanqing Mountain, the peak has a big Jagged rock prominent, east side of the jagged rock engraved with "Yujing peak" three regular script characters. Top flat about 50 square meters, there is a moment in the middle of the chess board square stone, according to legend, Laojun often play chess with the fairies here. On both sides of the jagged rock, the terrain is empty, and there is a rising roof. Yujing peak east, south, west three crag like cut.
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Yumthu Peak
Yuxu Peak is located in the northwest of Yujing Peak, south of Yuhua peak, 1771.6 meters above sea level. The south end is long and narrow, with dangerous terrain; The north head is flat, the field of vision is wide, the southeast is Feixian Valley, the north is boxwood Valley.
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Yuhua Peak
Yuhua Peak is located in the northwest of Yujing Peak, south and Yuxu peak confrontation, 1752.8 meters above sea level, carved on the rock wall "Yuhua peak" three words, steep beauty. There is a round well on the south rock, the water color is brown red, passive, never dry for a long time, and the three characters "Danxia well" are engraved beside the well. The west side raised a boulder, engraved "Shangshu Wu Sendai" five words, under the stage several large stones naturally piled up a patio. The summit rock base, the terrain is dangerous, the top rock engraved with "red cloud" two regular script characters.
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Three peaks in Penglai
Penglai three peaks are located in the south of Yujing Peak. Penglai, Abbot, Yingzhou three peaks associated.
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CAM Ping Bong
Kam Ping Peak is located in the west of Yuhua Peak, hanging rock flat as thin as a wall. Its top is long and narrow, grotesque stone Cen lofty uneven, far view such as carved lace, steep facade, stone grain into line. Kam Ping peak and Yu Xu, Yuhua two peaks opposite, the two peaks towering like a door, Kam Ping peak far in which.
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Tianzhu Peak
Tianzhu Peak is located in the west of Yuxu Peak, and Kam Ping Peak across the valley.
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A jade bamboo shoot stands in a pavilion
Jade bamboo Pavilion stands in the south of Tianzhu Peak. Like a bamboo shoot out of the ground, standing suddenly. On the top, there are several enciphered pine rocks standing.
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Double Sword Peak
The two peaks join together to form a peak, the peak showing two points, like two swords.
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Laozi Peak
Laozi Peak is located in the northwest of Sanqing Mountain. The peak shape is like the old road, without a crown, wearing a wide-sleeved Taoist robe, bowing, focusing on the spirit, and seeing the enlightenment.
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Tianmen Peak
Tianmen peak is located in the northwest of Yujing Peak, facing off with Linggui peak, and in the middle of the two peaks is Tianmen, an important pass of the Sanqing Palace of Shaohua. The peak is located in the north of the Sanqing Palace, 1568 meters above sea level, and there are two characters of "sky ladder" carved on the stone wall. The summit is a huge granite rock mass, smooth and flat, with an area of hundreds of square meters.
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Spirit Turtle Peak
Linggui Peak is located in the east of Tianmen Peak, 1557.8 meters above sea level. On the peak a rock like a spirit turtle. The northeast flying cliff wall rocks, the southwest gentle, tree-lined. There is Pangong Temple at the top of the summit, and there are three big words "Ling Turtle Peak" on the rock of the temple.
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Omunbong
Five men peak and Chongxu peak across the river, north-south confrontation. The ancient people carved "East Tianmen", "South Tianmen", "West Tianmen", "North Tianmen", "Middle Tianmen" and other regular script characters on the rock wall of the pass, so it is called five gate peak. There are pipa stone and mother and child stone on the northeast rock wall. There are many wonderful thousand steps under the mother and son stone, which is the second pass leading to the three Qing Palace. Through the Qianbu gate, Qianbu Ridge along the peak straight up, a total length of more than 500 stone steps.
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Goddess Peak
Goddess Peak is on the south side of Sanqing Mountain, facing Yujing Peak, with an altitude of 1314 meters
[4]
More than 80 meters high, near and far, are shaped like a goddess, hair shoulder-length, hands holding two ancient green pines, is sitting on the front, meditation.
Sanqing Mountain is located in the middle subtropical zone, about 340km away from the East China Sea, so it is affected by the maritime climate and belongs to the middle subtropical monsoon climate type
Mountain climate
Features. It has the characteristics of four distinct seasons, cool summer, long spring and autumn, and snowy peaks in winter. The annual average temperature is 10.9℃, the extreme maximum temperature in July to August is 33℃, the average temperature in July is 21.1℃, the extreme minimum temperature in January is -16℃, and the average is -0.6℃. The average annual precipitation is 1857.7mm, the average annual evaporation is 1331.6mm, and the relative humidity is 82%
[1]
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Sanqing Mountain is located in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin, one of the Poyang Lake water system at the source of the Xinjiang River, the surface water for the gully river system, the southeast part of the fractional strand down the valley, into the Xinjiang River; The northwest side flows into Poyang Lake through the Le 'an River. The water source on the mountain is all from rain, and the precipitation is excreted in the nearby gully along the developed structural cracks. The water source is sufficient in the rainy season, and the water source is poor in the dry season, and the seasonal change is obvious. Groundwater is mainly contained in cracks in bedrock
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Jin Dynasty medical doctor, Taoist theorist, famous Taoist
Ge Hong
About in the Eastern Jin Shengping years came to Sanqingshan alchemy. Tang dry Fu years, Zijin Guanglu doctor, Xinzhou Taishou Wang Jian, retired with his family at the foot of the big source dock (now Dexing anti-Daxiang Yinzhi village). In the sixth year of Qiandao (1170), Sun Wang Lin, the tenth generation of Wang Jian, founded the Sanqing Taoist Temple, which was later destroyed due to the chaos and famine.
During the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty (1450-1456), Sun Wang Hu, the 28th generation of Wang Jian, rebuilt the Sanqing Palace in the old base, and set up scenery along the way, added temples, and set up fields to feed the scholars. At that time, senior minister doctor, Nanjing military Department Shang book Sun Yuanzhen for its handwritten "three Qing Palace" square, three Qing Mountain is therefore increasingly famous.
Sanqing Mountain tourism has been developed. During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, due to years of war, Sanqingshan once declined: in modern times, during the Second Civil Revolutionary War, Sanqingshan was one of the old revolutionary base areas in the Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi and Fujian border areas, the Soviet regime was established, foreign trade was developed, the blockade of the nationalist government was broken, and it became an important supply station for salt, medicine, cloth and other materials in the Soviet area.
In 1985, the People's Government of Jiangxi Province approved Sanqing Mountain as a provincial key scenic spot and one of the four tourist areas in the province. In 1985, Sanqingshan Scenic Area Administration was established. In August 1988, The State Council approved the second batch of national key scenic spots. Tourism service facilities have become a scale, the north foot built Fenshui hotel, operating accommodation, catering, shops, parking, photography, tour guide and other businesses, the mountain also built the first and second guest house of Sanqing mountain, Fenshui Village travel agency and some self-employed businesses operated snack bar and so on. In the valley at the southern foot of the mountain, a new hill-style Xiangbo Bridge hotel, as well as Tiyunling, Sunrise Villa, youth tea House, etc. Sanqing Mountain has its own transportation system, there are two lines up the mountain, one from Zhejiang, Anhui, Jingdezhen through the Beishan Highway, one from Nanchang, Shangrao, Yushan by the southern road, and respectively connected with Zhejiang-Jiangxi, Anhui - Jiangxi railway. In Dexing, Yushan, Shangrao city have to Sanqing Mountain shuttle bus and tour bus.
It was listed as a national geopark in September 2005
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. On July 8, 2008, the 32nd World Heritage Assembly included Sanqing Mountain in the "World Heritage Convention".
World Heritage List
Sanqing Mountain became the seventh World Natural Heritage site in China and the first in Jiangxi
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. On September 21, 2012, at the 11th Global Geopark Congress held in Alocca, Portugal, Sanqing Mountain in Jiangxi Province was officially included in the list of global Geoparks by UNESCO
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. In 2011, it was officially awarded the title of "National 5A Tourist Attraction"
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Historical evolution
Ge Hong
Taoism prospered in the Tang Dynasty, and Taoism in Sanqing Mountain also prospered, and pilgrims came to the mountain in an endless stream. Taoist monks built the first Taoist building on Sanqing Mountain, Laozi Gong Guan (this view is called "Sanqing Blessed Land"). The emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty believed in Taoism, which promoted the trend of social worship. A group of Taoist buildings began to appear in the area of Sanqing Mountain, including Gexian Temple, in which the stone statues of Gexian Weng and Li Shangshu were worshipped. There are also Fuqing Temple, Lingji Temple and so on. In particular, it is worth mentioning that on the cliff of Tianmen Peak with natural granite carved into a six-story five-sided wind and thunder tower, this tower through thousands of years of wind and rain, so far stands firm, known as the Sanqing Mountain Taoist architecture in a shining pearl.
In the Yuan Dynasty, there appeared Taoist priests who believed in Quanzhen school on Sanqing Mountain, but more of them still belonged to Zheng School. According to Lu Qiyuan in the "Tour of Sanqing Mountain" said, at this time Sanqing Mountain is a big movement of construction, expansion of Sanqing Temple. The temple enshrines stone statues of Sanqing Shixian Jun, Gexian Weng, Li Shangshu, Golden boy, Jade Girl and Marshal Pan; The scenery and places on the mountain are also named after Taoist appellations, such as the immortal Bridge, Lei Gong Stone, Judge Stone and so on. At that time, the prosperity of Sanqing Mountain can be seen.
Emperor Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang especially praised Taoism, and Zhang Tianshi became the national leader, so Guixi Longhu Mountain became the national Taoist activity center. Sanqing Mountain is only 300 li away from Longhu Mountain, Taoist monks frequent, the contact is also extremely close, Sanqing Mountain educational activities almost directly under the control of Zhang Tianshi. At this time, the wind of worship on the mountain was extremely strong, and Taoist monks and believers scattered in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui and Fujian would organize incense gatherings in August and September every year, "One year toward the Sanqing Dynasty, one year toward the Shaohua Dynasty." They marched in groups, with the Sanqing gods and flags, lit incense, carried various sacrifices of pigs, cattle and sheep, and sounded three eyes to cheer, with drums, blowing and beating, the vast march to Sanqing Mountain, more than tens of thousands of people a day, less than thousands of people.
The Ming Dynasty was the peak period of Taoist activities in Sanqing Mountain, and Taoist buildings on the mountain also mushroomed like mushrooms. During the Jingtai period, the mountain had already built the Dragon Tiger Hall, the Temple of Buddhist Yuhua, the Jade Zero View, the Picketing Hall, the Hall of Yanjiao, the Nine Days Ying Yuan House, the Pangong Hall, the Square Moat, the Tianmen Stone Square, the Feisendai, the Liuxia Bridge, the stone steps of the "Many fine thousand steps Gate", the "Chongxu hundred steps Gate" and other buildings, and the reconstruction of the Sanqing View and the reconstruction of the Sanqing Palace.
Sanqing Mountain was only 300 li away from Longhu Mountain, and the missionaries and alms-seekers came and went frequently and kept in close contact with each other. The religious activities in Sanqing Mountain were carried out almost directly under the control of Zhang Tianshi. At this time, the wind of worship on the mountain was very prosperous. They marched in groups, with the Sanqing gods and flags, lit incense, carried various sacrifices of pigs, cattle and sheep, and sounded three eyes to cheer, with drums, blowing and beating, the vast march to Sanqing Mountain, more than tens of thousands of people a day, less than thousands of people. The Ming Dynasty was the heyday of Taoist activities in Sanqing Mountain. Taoist buildings on the mountain have also sprung up in large numbers. During the Jingtai period, the mountain had already built the Dragon Tiger Hall, the Temple of Buddhist Yuhua, the Jade Zero View, the Picketing Hall, the Hall of Yanjiao, the Nine Days Ying Yuan House, the Pangong Hall, the Square Moat, the Tianmen Stone Square, the Feisendai, the Liuxia Bridge, the stone steps of the "Many fine thousand steps Gate", the "Chongxu hundred steps Gate" and other buildings, and the reconstruction of the Sanqing View and the reconstruction of the Sanqing Palace. Ming Dynasty palace architecture is very unique: before and after two advances, a north to the south, to the mountain granite carved dry built, stone beams and stone columns, surrounded by stone walls, for jade Qing, upper Qing, Taiqing three stone statues carved 130 statues, cliff inscriptions 45
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Ancient Taoist architecture
Sanqing Mountain Taoist ancient building group is magnificent and integrated with the natural scenery of Sanqing Mountain.
Sanqing Mountain from Yujing peak to the north below (Beishan), for historical relics distribution area. These cultural relics mainly include palaces, temples, halls, mansions, temples, pavilions, terraces, towers, workshops, Danjing, stone carvings, inscriptions and other stone structures scattered in the forest, and more than 230 have been found. These ancient buildings, in dozens of square kilometers within the regular configuration of a specific location, both primitive and simple, but also stored in the nature of the unity, unique in the history of Chinese architecture. Sanqing Mountain is therefore known as the "Open-air Museum of ancient buildings of Chinese Taoist Culture".
Three palaces of purity
Located in the north of Sanqing Mountain, the turtle back stone on the south side of the Jiulong Mountain Pass, 1533 meters above sea level, is the landmark building of Sanqing Mountain Taoism. The Sanqing Palace is located east of Sendai, south of Jiulong Mountain, west of Yanjiao Hall, north of the turtle back Stone, which occupies the best fengshui treasure of Sanqing.
Tang built the "Sanqing Blessing", according to historical records, "Song Qiandao six years (1170) Wang Lin donated funds to rebuild the Sanqing temple, worship the Sanqing gods, after the chaos of the world, the ruins of the view destroyed." Yuan built Sanqing Temple, there are stone carving Sanqing Shi Xianjun, Ge Xianjun, Li Shangshu, golden boy, Jade girl and Pan Marshal statue. Ming Jingtai to Tianshun years (1450-1464) Wang You, Zhan Biyun mountain after the renovation and expansion, renamed the Sanqing Palace. Now the three Qing Palace is built for the Ming Dynasty, sitting south to the north, the front hall after the pavilion, left and right wing room, two floors two into. The front hall is 5.38 meters high, the back pavilion is 2.3 meters higher than the foundation of the front hall, and the two halls have a total area of 206 square meters, including the auxiliary buildings, covering a total area of 1750 square meters. The beams, columns, walls, pools and doors of the whole temple are mainly made of granite, inlaid with tight silk and tight seams, which is one of the fine works of ancient architectural art. Hanging above the gate of the Qing Dynasty Tongzhi eight years (1869) "three Qing blessing" plaque.
The architecture and layout of the three Qing Palace has a special feature: the main hall is dedicated to the three Qing and three venerable deities of Taoism, and the rear hall is dedicated to the Goddess of Mercy and the eighteen Arhat, which are the same hall, and the Tao and Buddha live in harmony.
The origin of the Monkey King
Legend has it that Sun Dasheng, who was a great official at that time, protected the Tang monk in accordance with the law of Guanyin
Take lessons from the West
After ninety-eight and one difficulties, the merit garden is finally full. Master and disciple four people to the west of the Buddha, see the Buddha, waiting for the Buddha to seal, to become the fruit. Tang Xuanzang led Wukong, Wuneng, and Wujing to pay homage to Buddha Bi, and stood beside him waiting for the Buddha to grant him the title of Buddha. At that time, Sun Wukong was awarded the title of Fighting Buddha. Unexpectedly, Sun Wukong suddenly kowtowed to the Buddha and said: "Thank the Buddha for granting the title of Buddha, Wukong should be content." However, in the eastern land of God, the great world, the demons have not been completely removed, and the people have suffered deeply from them, how can Wukong be at ease to pay homage to Buddha, sit quietly and watch, and not have the intention of losing the Buddha's seal and fighting to defeat Buddha!" The Buddha smiled and asked Wukong, "In that case, what do you want?" Wukong replied, "Wukong wants to go to the eastern Earth to choose a quiet holy place and continue to cultivate the Dafa of lowering demons. The demons will not be eliminated every day, and the fighting will not stop every day. Only in this way can the meaning of granting the title of Buddha be fulfilled." After hearing this, Buddha smiled and said, "I think I am pure on the west, it is the paradise world, the yellow gold shop, the white jade pool, the lotus flower, the gem hanging, the seven Bodhi, all the calamities will not be extinguished." What better place in the whole world than this?" Wukong replied, "In the eastern Land of Earth, there is a Sanqing Mountain, which is a fairyland of Yaotai generated by heaven and earth. There the peaks are towering, the clouds are paved, the white clouds are born in the valley, and the waterfalls hang in the mountains; Strange stone Qisong forget color, not old to rock forever cang. Wukong wanted to cultivate the Dafa of lowering demons, but he was afraid that Grandpa Laojun would not tolerate me. Because when the big trouble of the pocket rate palace, kicked over the old prince gossip furnace." The Buddha listened. He asked the gatekeepers and disciples standing on both sides: "Who would like to go east to Sanqing on my behalf, and lead Wukong to intercede with the old master, so that he can keep Wukong, so as to fulfill his lofty wish of heaven." Guanyin Bodhisattva flashed out of the class, hands clasped: "Disciples would like to understand the empty east to the three Qing, to convey the Buddha's law to the old master." The Buddha nodded with great joy, and the people chanted the name of the Buddha: "No Amitabha in the south."
Wukong when the temple farewell master teacher disciples, following Guanyin driving color clouds, straight to the Sanqing Mountain flying. Guanyin Bodhisattva dressed in purple vesture, foot on the golden lotus, the top of the seven precious light wheel, all the way aroma cloud protection. Wukong rode the head of the cloud, followed closely, and in a short time, he flew to the fairland of the three Qing Dynasty, came to the front of the jade Jing peak, see the grandfather too on the old Jun, convey the will of the Buddha Tathagata. After listening to Guanyin explain the purpose of coming, the master smiled at Wukong and said, "What a Monkey King, let him pass." Man's law, earth's law, heaven's law, heaven's law, and nature's law. It's rare for you to have such a big dream, how can I hold a grudge? Lao Jun said all the immortals laughed, Guanyin then bid farewell to Lao Jun ancestor, driving clouds back to the west. In front of the cave, surrounded by ancient pines, there is just a big stone, which Wukong likes to sit on. As time goes by, it has become a "wonderful high platform" for Wukong to cultivate his treasure.
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Heaven gives jade
Before Sui and Tang Dynasties,
Huaiyu Mountain
There is no mountain name. After Xuanzang's pilgrimage to the west, Buddhism flourished. Tang Dali years, there is a monk called Zhichu came to Huaiyu Mountain, see here the mountains green water show, beautiful scenery, isolation, the common dust does not dye, it is chanting the scriptures, cultivation of the treasure land, great joy in the heart, then begging around, and then settled in Huaiyu Mountain Jielu, named its residence "Dingwen Temple". Zhi the beginning of Buddha heart piety petition Cheng, not only every day hit qing chanting, but also set a incense burner on the top of the peak, five hours a day will climb the peak of incense, over time, the incense ash in the furnace has piled up into a peak, called this peak "incense peak".
The Jade Emperor was very surprised to see the smoke curling up in the incense burner. He summoned the clairvoyant eye and the ear of the wind, and commanded, "There is no one on earth who is so devout that he prays incense and recites sutras daily and worships before me." You two go check it out. Hurry back." The clairvoyant eye and the wind ear stepped out of the gate of heaven, lowered the head of the clouds, and came to the world, and in a short time they investigated clearly and informed the Jade Emperor.
The Jade Emperor
Deeply moved, immediately announced to the God of wealth Buddha, ordered him to take out a piece of treasure from the treasure house, throw down the earth, awarded to Zhi early.
That evening, Monk Zhi Chu was chanting sutras in the temple when he suddenly heard a deafening clap of thunder. Looking up, he saw a flash of white light in the sky, which made the mountain look like day. Zhi early do not know the evil, quickly get up, just out of the temple door, will see a bright and bright bright disc suddenly fell in the sky, straight down on the mound in front of the Dingwen Temple, the disc fell, into the 10,000 points of Mars, when you look at it, the disc has already disappeared. Zhi did not know what it was at the beginning, so he took a hoe and struggled to dig where the disc disappeared, dug deep, and got a treasure as big as a copper mirror. Surprised and happy, busy collection in sleeve. This mound was later called "White Jade mound".
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Ge Hong opened the mountain
During the Eastern Jin Dynasty, one day, Ge Hong came to the Jinsha place of Yushan. At that time, Yushan had not yet built a county, and ancient trees and grass everywhere were roaring and howling. Tao people look up to the west, see the mountains, towering three giant peaks, its potential to break the sky, lofty Cui Wei, can not help but praise, and busy to ask the old farmer what is this mountain. The old farmer replied, "It is Sanqing Mountain." Tao asked: "Why Sanqing Mountain?" The old farmer pointed to the three peaks in front of him and said, "Listen to the old people say, these three peaks are the Sanqing column, is the immortal mountain, the top of the mountain had a golden purple cloud appeared!"
Ge Hong thought that both the three Qing column sat on the immortal mountain, why not go up to pay homage, immediately bid farewell to the old farmer, climb to the mountain. Ge Hong walked, as if to Penglai fairy Island, can not help but be fascinated, full of praise. He climbed, while watching, in a moment, the day has been sinking in the west, Tao people look around, there is no village nearby, and no family, is worried about a place to rest for the night, suddenly saw a wisp of smoke rising in the dense forest in front of him, the heart is happy, stride toward the place where the smoke rises. The place where the smoke rose for the ministry of the ministry of service Li Shangshu seclusion, two people talked for a long time, and later Li Shangshu pulled off the head square, hand hanging on the side of the stone column above, followed
Ge Hong
And gone.
The two men climbed to the top, but saw three silver-haired and bearded old men sitting on a boulder, two of them were playing chess, and the other was watching. Ge Hong thought: these three old men all crane hair young face, must be the three Qing heaven. Just want to come forward to worship, suddenly see an old man behind a white forehead big worm, after a long cry, straight toward himself and Li Shangshu pall. Ge Hong immediately after the flash rock, Li Shangshu is not able to avoid, "Ah ah" a scare paralyzed to the ground. When Ge Hong helped him up, the tiger had already disappeared, and the three old men were seen riding Sibuxiang, Sika deer and zebra tiger, floating away, and darkness restored between heaven and earth. Ge Hong and Li Shangshu worshipped eight times in heaven, and their hearts were filled with enlightenment. Since then, they have settled on the mountainside of Yuqing Peak north Jielu, built a furnace and dug a well, one side refining, one side begging for Dan medicine into a continuous stream of people. From then on, Ge Hong was respected as the founder of the mountain
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Guan Xiu painted arhats
It is said that Chi Chu
Pass away
Later, in order to revitalize the master, the Zen master invited the famous painter monk Guan Xiu to paint the eighteen Arhats. Guan Xiu received the invitation of Jue Kong Zen master, immediately readily promised, but put forward the condition, to Jue Kong master personally grind two POTS of eye ink, to grind seventy-seventy-forty-nine days later, you can start painting. Although the Zen master Kyakung had the idea of revitalizing the mountain gate, he had no bitter heart. Heard that Guan Xiu wanted him to grind the forty-nine days of ink, the heart of the boss is reluctant, but Guan Xiu is a rare painter at that time, and in addition to Guan Xiu, no one can draw arhat, he had to stick to the scalp and promised. He grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds and grinds. In order to deal with the Guanxiu, empty take a basin of water, randomly ground a few times, add some already ground a strong ink mix, then into a basin, the next morning will be two POTS of ink to the Guanxiu.
The remaining 16 arhats, although they already had the body of a half-immortal, but because of their blindness, they fled to the western foot of the Incense kiln Peak and were tripped by a boulder in turn. Pity the bodies of these demigods, once they fall, they cannot be revived. So it fell into a pile, and later it became a mountain, shaped like an arhats sitting on top of each other, and later generations called it"
Arhat Peak
"
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Site:
Yangtangji
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Lingji Temple
Zhuoqi Stone, Jade zero View, Laozi Palace View,
Ge Xian Temple
, former residence of Han Wuju,
Red furnace
, main Wells
View:
Pan Gongdian, square trench,
Nine days should be yuan Fu
, picket House, Yankyo Hall, Feisendai, Tianmen,
Three palaces of purity
Buddhist feather altar, dragon and tiger Hall
Note: Album data from the official website of Sanqingshan Scenic spot
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Three palaces of purity
Sanqing Palace is located in the north of Yujing Peak, on the turtle back stone of Shaohua Mountain. The terrain is high, south facing north, the overall construction area is 518 square meters, and the surrounding area is 2300 square meters. The main hall is built on the mountain, low in front and high in back. The roof, beams, columns and external walls are all granite structures. There are three doors on the front side, and the middle door is hung with a bluestone vertical plaque with four characters of "Sanqing Blessed Land". On both sides of the gate are couplets engraved with the words "The temple opens to the wind during the day, and the door seals itself to the clouds at dusk." Hall in the middle of the shrine with jade Qing yuan beginning heavenly respect, on the clear spirit treasure Dao Jun, too clear too on the old king three gods, behind the hall is Guanyin hall, in the middle with Guanyin, on both sides for 18 Luo Han statue. The Sanqing Palace was built by Wang Lin of Song Dynasty. During the Jingtai period of Ming Dynasty, Wang Hu rebuilt the Sanqing Palace, two corridors, back pavilion, gate tower, plate and icon on the site of his ancestor Sanqing Temple, and invited Zhan Biyun, the all-true Taoist priest, to live in the mountain. Sanqing Mountain has since been called the Taoist "incomparable blessed land".
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Jeongyhall
It is located in the pine forest behind Sanqing Hill on the north side of Kowloon Hill. Temple 4 to 3, the top of the middle of the high hanging mountain, left and right two low half of the rest of the mountain, all granite structure. There are 18 stone statues of gods and deities, the middle gate is engraved with the three words "performing the Hall of Education", and the two sides of the stone pillars are engraved with "the natural practice of Xuanyuan Orthodox Church; The couplets of "Through Yuanshi explaining the impact of morality".
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Picket office
The picket office is located on the west side of Chenggang, 150 meters northeast of Sanqing Palace. Rock structure, Xieshan roof, square square inscribed on the "picket house" three words, the temple has 6 stone statues, both sides of the temple have a stone warrior like 1, different posture, the temple after the south side of the giant rock, engraved on the Wangyong Casket book "serpents" two characters.
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Hall of the Dragon and Tiger
The Dragon Tiger Hall is located at the top of Longshou Mountain, 1568 meters above sea level. Construction area of 46 square meters, courtyard layout, corridor structure, mountain roof, all made of granite stone. In front of the hall, a blue dragon sits on the left side of the stone carving, and a white tiger looks on the right side.
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Pangong Temple
The temple is located at the top of Linggui Peak, 1557 meters above sea level. Temple is not large, all made of granite stacked, top hipped, temple square, simple and simple. Jiutian Yingyuan Mansion is located on the southeastern slope of Jiuhua Mountain. It is a small pavilion granite temple. Key high meters, the middle four sides of the ventilation, the top of the Xiashan style, rough shape, the square square engraved with "nine days should yuan house" five words, the temple enshrines nine days should yuan thunder universal heaven statue of stone statues.
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Jade Zero Temple
Jade Zero Temple is located in the northeast of Sanqing Mountain, in the middle of Longquan Bridge to Fengmen. Temple to worship Taoist jade shuhuo Futian general. View was built in the Ming Jingtai years, after the fire, Qing Jiaqing 18 years to rebuild, and was destroyed by fire, today only the remnants of broken pillars.
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Sihuata
Xihua Tower is located in the middle of Fenshui to Fengmen Qingyunling Xihua Tai. The tower has seven layers, the upper four layers are solid with 6 corners dense eaves, the lower three layers are hollow with 6 corners dense eaves, and the eaves corner is warped. Each layer is composed of 6 bars of long stone to form 6 arches, and the space is transparent. The lower part of the tower has a square base with two layers high, and the cornerstone is engraved with the word "Xihua Tai".
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Wind Thunder Tower
Fenglei Tower is located on the hanging rock of the pass between Linggufeng and Longshou Mountain. The tower has 5 floors, 6 corners of dense eaves, and the whole tower body is hewn from a single stone carving. Although the tower is not high, it is built on a sharp crag, which looks like a commanding position from below. The pagoda was originally an annex of the tomb of Wang Hu, and was built to avoid the wind of the mountain pass at that time, so it was named "Wind Lei Pagoda".
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Buyun Bridge
Buyun Bridge is located in Fenshui village, is the first ancient stone arch bridge. Starting from Buyun Bridge, climb the mountain along the ancient Stone Road to the Sanqing Palace 5200 meters, to the Yujing Peak 6900 meters, step by step into the cloud, so the name.
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Floating cloud Bridge
Fuyun Bridge is a stone arch bridge located in Chongxu Gate on and under Qianbu Ridge. To the north of the bridge is the Chongxu Gate, to the south is the Tianmen, and to the east is the abyss. The bridge leans against a cliff, crosses a dangerous cliff, faces a deep valley, and is elevated on the Tianmen Pass at an altitude of 1500 meters.
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Liuxia Bridge
Liuxia Bridge is a small flat bridge with stone frames. Above is the Qingyi Pool, downstream is the Qinghua Pool.
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Denjindae
Dengzhentai is located 380 meters below the north of Yujing Peak, with an altitude of more than 1,700 meters and an area of about 20 square meters. Southeast deep whole, cliffs, northwest gentle, there is a road. There is a rock on the platform, on the book "ascend true Taiwan" three characters. There are two large footprints along the southern edge of the Taiwan, which are said to be the footprints left by the emergence of Fang Shi, and are engraved with the word "shoe tracks".
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Shangshu Enlightenment Sendai
Shangshuwu Sendai is located on the southwest side of Yuhua Peak, at an altitude of 1700 meters. There is a huge rock protrudate like a platform, about 4 meters high, steep and difficult to climb. There is a stone statue on the platform, the head has been weathered, and the five words "Shangshu Wu Sendai" are engraved on the cliff. According to legend, Sun Yuanzhen of the military ministry of the Ming Dynasty had traveled to this mountain, see the clouds and waves surging under the stage, the fog drifting freely, enlightenment mystery, mind and body such as into fairyland.
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Tosendai
Feisendai is a tower building located on Tiger Mountain. The base has two layers of generous feet, and the upper front cornerstone is engraved with "Feisendai" three regular script characters. The central part consists of four bighorns with a square plan and a small arch on each side. The upper part is round, slightly smaller than the middle, also composed of four large stones, four arches, the middle is empty, only half of the remaining. The top is convex and has collapsed.
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Wall relief
There are 24 stone statues along the way from Fengmen to Sanqing Palace, which are similar in size and about 1 meter high. Most of them are civil officials' clothing in Ming Dynasty, with kind form and rough craftsmanship. Thor like a hundred steps carved on the rock wall of Thor, barefoot, sharp mouth, wearing armor, holding weapons, the expression of power, fine carving.
The upper phase of the devil is engraved on the rock wall of the north head of the Dike of Hanxing Pond. The idol has a wide robe and big sleeves, wears a scarf on his head, holds a jade wat in his hand, and sits staring down.
There are stone sculptures of dragons and tigers on the giant rocks in front of the Dragon and Tiger Hall. The stone dragon is on the left, with an area of about 4 square meters. The stone tiger sits on the right, nearly 1 meter high and wide, about 2 meters long, crouching on the ground, holding its head high and bending its tail.
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Granite round carving
Shaohua Fudi has stone statues, stone incense burner and so on. There are more than 30 statues of stone statues in the three Qing Palace, the Hall of Performing Education, the Hall of picket, the Hall of Dragon and Tiger, the Hall of Nine days should be Yuan, Shaohua Fu and Tianfu. The left and right gods in front of Shaohua Fudi Stone Square, the spiritual officers and Kui gods in the shrine of Sanqing Palace gate Square, are carved from granite, up to more than 1 meter, and the carving is fine. The stone incense burner is more than 1 meter high, and the leg is tied with the pattern of animal head. The craftsmanship is exquisite, simple and generous. The platform bar of Zhan Biyun's bamboo hiding place is simple in design, rough in carving, and the stone lion on the stone column.
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Cliff inscription
The wall engravings of Sanqing Mountain, mainly peak names, scenery and place names, a total of 63 places, such as Baishijing, incense pot, Wang Jiayan, Denghan Bridge, Hung Guan Ling, Yujing Peak, Shangshu Wu Sendai and other characters are engraved on the book, the brush is strong; Exquisite carving, the charm of calligraphy.
Sanqing Mountain belongs to the Sino-Japanese plant subregion of East Asian flora
East China
The floristic composition is rich and the vertical distribution is obvious. 2,373 species of higher plants of 253 families, 984 genera have been identified, of which 368 species of bryophytes are 165 genera of 65 families. There are 179 species of pteridophytes in 71 genera and 34 families. Gymnosperms, 24 species, 22 genera, 6 families; There are 1802 species of angiosperms in 726 genera and 148 families, which is one of the most abundant plant species in the subtropical region of China and the distribution center of the genus Xanthotaxus in the world. The distribution of fungi and lichen plants in the area is also very prominent. The plants in Sanqing Mountain are not only rich in species, but also preserve a large number of rare varieties, among which 19 species belong to the List of National Key Protected wild Plants and 19 species belong to the Red Book of Chinese Plants. Not only that, Sanqing Mountain also retains many old trees that are more than one hundred years old or even more than one thousand years old
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The evergreen broad-leaved forest is the zonal vegetation in Sanqing Mountain, which is distributed in the low hilly area below 800 meters above sea level. The mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest is a transitional vegetation from the Middle subtropical zone to the north subtropical zone, mainly distributed in the mountain slopes and valleys at an altitude of 800-1400 meters. Mountainous region
coppice
It is the essence of Sanqing Mountain vegetation, mainly by rhododendrons
Cuckoo with monkey head
,
Rhododendron huangshanensis
,
Chinese lantern flower
and
rhododendron
It is composed of the same species and distributed in the slopes and valleys of 1000-1800 meters above sea level.
Coniferous forest
It is mainly distributed in the gate of 1100 meters above sea level and the Sanqing Palace of 1530 meters above sea level and nearby areas; Mountainous region
Grassy meadow
It is mainly distributed near Jiutian Yingyuan Prefecture, 1550 meters above sea level; The marshes are distributed in the northern part of Sanqing Palace and the local areas of the foothills at an altitude of 1530 meters.
[17]
Famous flower
Sanqingshan blossom four seasons, its main varieties are
rhododendron
,
Magnolia parviflora
Wood begonia, Daphne, black tea, Magnolia, cherry blossom,
Plum blossom
, Michelia, Phoenix fairy, Day lily,
February orchid
, single garlic orchid, Crystal orchid,
Polygonatum polygonatum
,
lily
Mountain peach blossom, June snow, flat branch bilberry and melonia.
Ancient trees
The ancient trees and famous flowers of Sanqingshan are one of the four wonders of the natural landscape of Sanqingshan Scenic spot.
Plant resources
It's incredibly rich. According to the investigation and identification, the rare tree species in Sanqing Mountain are Sanqing pine, white bean fir, fragrant fruit tree, East China yellow fir, East China Hemlock, Fujian Cypress, mangrove,
Alpine boxwood
Let's wait. These are mostly national protected tree species, not only have high economic value, but also have high ornamental value.
The East China Yellow cedar in Sanqing Mountain is also the first discovery in Jiangxi
National secondary protected plants
Rare tree species. The total area of Huadong yellow cedar in Sanqingshan reaches more than 8000 mu, with the largest number of trees having 23 per mu and the largest accumulation of 15.23m³ per mu, which is extremely rare due to its wide distribution and large quantity.
At the northwest foot of Sanqing Mountain, there are
Square bamboo
Ancient ginkgo, golden laurel, podocarpus, silk and other valuable tree species.
Medicinal materials
Sanqing Mountain [18]
Medicinal plants and woody medicinal plants. As early as 1971-1978, the Chinese Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and
Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine
The Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine sent a medical team to Sanqingshan medicinal plant resources to make a number of surveys, and then there are other census groups to Sanqingshan area made a number of surveys.
There are 349 species of medicinal plants belonging to 124 families in Sanqing Mountain. Among them, there are 7 species of orchids in 6 families, 2 species of lichens in 2 families, 2 species of bryophytes in 2 families, 23 species of ferns in 14 families, 8 species of gymnosperms in 6 families, 272 species of dicotyledonous plants in 85 families of angiosperms, and 35 species of monocotyledonous plants in 9 families.
From the collected medicinal plants, there are traditional Chinese medicinal herbs on Sanqing Mountain, such as big blood rattan, thick spider, hook rattan,
Eucommia ulmoides
Nansha ginseng, former Hu, Kuanghui, asarum,
Liriope
, yellow lotus,
Polygonatum polygonatum
, Polygonum multiflorum,
Auricularia auriculata
Ganoderma lucidum, honeysuckle, Ginkgo, Xin.
The known species of animals in Sanqing Mountain are as diverse as plants. There are 1827 known species of wild animals, including 401 species of vertebrates and 1327 species of insects. Among the vertebrates, there are 67 species (or subclasses) of 22 families of mammals, 226 species (or subclasses) of 47 families of birds, 49 species (or subclasses) of 11 families of reptiles, and 23 species (or subclasses) of 8 families of amphibians.
The wild animals in Sanqing Mountain not only have many kinds and complex flora, but also inhabit a large number of rare and unique species. Among them, the national level Ⅰ key protected wild animals are
Black muntjac
,
Clouded leopard
,
White-necked pheasant
,
Yellow tragopan
,
Chinese merganser
,
Papilio aureus
There are 7 species, and the national Class II key protected wild animals
macaque
,
Macaca thibetana
, pangolin, jackal,
Black bear
,
weasel
,
otter
,
Civet cat
,
Civet cat
,
Golden cat
A surname
hyacornis
, Mandarin duck,
Tiger frog
47 species; There are 10 species listed in Appendix I, 36 species in Appendix II and 10 species in Appendix III of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna. among
Myotis chinensis
Tibetan macaque and other unique animals in Sanqing Mountain
[16]
.
Sanqingshan divine light [20]
4.
West coast scenic spot
; 5. East Coast Scenic Spots (
Sunshine Coast
Scenic spot); 6. Longevity Garden Scenic spot;
Seven.
Jade Spirit Temple
Scenic spot; 8.
Xihua Terrace
Scenic spot; 9.
Shek Koo Ridge
Scenic spot; 10.
Three openings
Scenic spot.
Ten sub-scenic areas under the unified management of Sanqingshan Scenic Area Management Committee, distance
Dongqian Lake
It's five kilometers.
-
Top ten landscapes
Eastern goddess,
A python rises from the mountains
,
The Monkey King presents a treasure
,
Jade girl laughs heartily
,
Lao Dao worships the moon
,
Guanyin appreciates music
Located in the South Gate,
Ge Hong offered Dan
,
The dragon plays the pine
,
Sanlong Sea
Pu long Ming day (formerly known as
Sea lions swallow the moon
).
-
Characteristic scenic spot
Three Qing Qi pine
,
Strange peaks and rocks
,
Sea of clouds
Cuckoo, high altitude
Plank road
Sunrise, sunset glow, divine light
[21]
.
-
Sanqingshan self-driving line
Road trip route [22]
Hu-kunming Expressway Yushan exit, about 1 km, the first traffic light turn left, into the 320 national highway go straight 3.5 km in the left turn, enter the Sanqingshan Ring Mountain Road and go straight 45 km to Sanqingshan scenic spot, left turn is to Sanqingshan south outside Shuangxi ropeway, right turn is to the east Jinsha ropeway (Wuyuan direction), generally Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong area of tourists.
(2) Wuhan, Jiujiang, Jingdezhen, Wuyi Mountain, Wuyuan, Huangshan Mountain
Generally, it is Shangjingwuchang Expressway - Dewu Expressway. From the first expressway junction in Wuyuan, get off the expressway at Xiaoguan, and then enter Sanqingshan Ring Road through Xiaoguan toll Station. It takes about 40 minutes to get to Sanqingshan Jinsha Ropeway station, and then walk straight for about 30 minutes to Sanqingshan South Waishuangxi ropeway.
The second road is not on the highway, take the national road, directly to the Xiaoguan, and then into the mountain road.
-
Self-service public transport
The self-service transit station is generally the first choice in Yushan County, the second choice under Shangrao City.
(1) Yushan County
Take the train to Yushan or take the high-speed rail to Yushan South Station, and then take the bus, electric three wheels or taxi to Yushan County bus station, electric three wheels more, about 5 yuan/person, there are cars in the middle of the night, slightly more expensive, you can bargain, to the bus station about 5-8 minutes. There are two kinds of shuttle buses to Sanqing Mountain, respectively, to the east of Jinsha and the south of Shuangxi, the ticket price is 16 yuan/person, according to the choice of taking the east and south cableway, both sides can go up the mountain. It takes an hour to get there, every 40 minutes, and stops near the cableway. The earliest is 6:10, the latest is 5:00, the latest is 6:10 p.m., the latest is 6:10 p.m., note: It may be adjusted according to the season. But there is also a Shangrao - Sanqingshan east (Jinsha) - Wuyuan car, Shangrao 17:20 departure, 18:00 to Yushan bus station gate will stop.
(2) Shangrao Railway Station or bus station
Because there are more trains in Shangrao City and the whole country, the disadvantage is that the number of buses from Shangrao to Sanqingshan is less, and the departure time from Shangrao Dahu Road bus Station to the southern ropeway of Sanqingshan is 7:30, 13:30. There's only a 17:20 bus to the east ropeway.
The most common moves: Get off from Shangrao City Railway station, take the bus 1 yuan or 5 yuan of motorcycle about 3 minutes to 320 National Road, on the other side of the national road, etc., Shangrao City to Yushan County shuttle bus (about 20 minutes a trip), see the bus above marked (Shangrao - Yushan) beckon, the fare is 15 yuan/person, to Yushan bus station after the transfer to see on, The total time from Shangrao City to Sanqingshan is about 1 hour and 50 minutes. If it is very late in Shangrao railway station past Yushan bus, you can choose to take a bus to Shangrao city accommodation, the next morning to Shangrao City Central Park, taxi drivers know that the bus 6:00 to 18:00 before a 15-minute trip, and then turn to the late bus, the number of trains is: 18:1018:4019:2020:00 for the last bus
[22]
.
In April 2020, it was selected into the "2020 China Summer Mountain List".
[19]
