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The Wanshan Islands, originally referred to the Wanshan Islands, were once the collective name of more than 100 islands outside Lingdingyang after several changes in scope, and then referred to the Green Island Channel in the east of the Pearl River Estuary, the east of the Tai Sai Channel, Hong Kong Lantau Island (Tai Hao Island), Soko Islands, and the islands and reefs south of the Po Toi Islands. There are 76 islands of all sizes, including Dampole Islands, Jiapong Islands, Sanmen Islands, Kaizhou Islands, Zhidao Islands, Wanshan Islands, Wailingding Island and Guishan Island, with an area of 2 600 square kilometers and a total area of 80.582 square kilometers.
The Wanshan Islands are the mainland
Lotus Mountains
In the extension part, the main island terrain is mainly hilly, 200-300 meters above sea level. It has a subtropical monsoon climate. The larger islands all have fresh water.
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- Chinese name
- Wanshan Islands
- Total island area
- 80.582 square kilometers
- climate
- Subtropical monsoon climate
- Dispersal area
- 2600 square kilometers
Wanshan Islands, located just south of the Pearl River Estuary, is the gateway to the sea of Guangzhou, belongs to the People's Republic of China
Guangdong Province
Zhuhai City
Xiangzhou District
,
Hong Kong
Under the jurisdiction of special administrative regions and other places. The original refers to the Wanshan Islands, the scope has changed several times, and was once the general name of more than 100 islands outside the Lingdingyang. After that, it refers to the Green Chau Channel in the east of the Pearl River Estuary, the east of the Tai Sai Channel, Hong Kong Lantau Island (Tai Hao Island), Soko Islands, and other islands and reefs south of the Po Tai Islands, including a total of 76 islands, such as Danguan Islands, Jiapong Islands, Sanmen Islands, Ai Chau Islands, Zao Islands, Wanshan Islands, Wailingding Island and Guishan Island, etc.
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The geographical scope includes: from the south of the Kowloon Peninsula to the west of the Dangantou line of Dandan Island in the east, to the west of the west bank of Yaguanmen and the west bank line of the west bank of Dajin Island in the east; All islands within the range from Humen in the north to Three Cups of wine Island in the south of Taejin Island. The spread area is 2 600 square kilometers, and the total area of the island is 80.582 square kilometers.
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Wanshan Islands used to be part of the mainland of Guangdong, is the east of Guangdong
Lotus Mountains
Extending west through Hong Kong. In geological history, the Wanshan archipelago was a series of mountains on land in the late Pleistocene, and in the middle of the Holocene, due to rising sea levels, flooding mountain valleys and low-lying areas, it was separated from the mainland, forming overlapping islands. In terms of geological structure, the formation of Wanshan Islands is mainly the late Jurassic Yanshan granite, only a small amount of sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks and volcanic rocks. The structure is mainly faulted, and there are two groups of faults, one group is northeastward and the other group is northeastward, but the scale is not large. No large fold structure appeared. .
Wanshan Islands has a large elevation difference, and the main island terrain is mainly hilly, with an elevation of 200-300 meters. It has a subtropical monsoon climate. The average annual temperature is 22.1 degrees Celsius, and the annual precipitation is 1 849 mm. There are many typhoons in August and September. The annual average wind speed is 6.5 meters per second. The vegetation on the island is mainly shrubs, golden bamboo and thatch. The larger islands all have fresh water.
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The island has rolling mountains, steep coasts and fjords. Lantau Island, the highest point in the archipelago, is 935 meters above sea level. Peaks above 200 meters are more common, forming the undulating low hills of the Wanshan Islands. The eastern islands are dominated by erosion, bare bedrock, large slope, and sparse vegetation. The western islands are accumulative landforms with dense vegetation and slower terrain. The ancient sea erosion terrace and sea erosion mushroom and other landscapes can be seen everywhere. The Wanshan Islands generally refer to the east from the southern tip of the Kowloon Peninsula to the west of the Dangutou line of Dandan Island, and the west to the east of the west bank of the Yamen gate and the west bank line of the Taijin Island; From Humen in the north, south to Samgujiu Island in the south of Taejin Island, there are more than 300 large and small islands. The main islands are Dahao Island, Hong Kong Island, Sanzao Island, Hengqin Island, Nanshui Island, Qi 'ao Island and other 10 large islands and Jiapong Islands, Dampole Islands, Sanmen Islands, Gaolan Islands and other island groups, with Dahao Island the largest, with an area of 141.6 square kilometers. Densely distributed throughout the archipelago.
The mountains of Wanshan Islands, like a camp on the front of Humen, like a giant ship stationed in the Pearl River estuary, become a natural barrier in South China and an important gateway to Guangzhou. The waterway between the islands crisscrossed, is Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Hong Kong ships entering the port must pass through; The Wanshan Islands are just the key to the sea route, the terrain is dangerous, and it is an important pass of the southern sea territory of the motherland, and the strategic position of national defense and economic notes is extremely important, and it is called Wanshan Fortress.
The Danpole Islands are the easternmost islands of the Wanshan Islands, consisting of Dangang Island, Siegang Island, Erzhou Island, Zhiwan Island and Xidan Island. It is arranged from northeast to southwest, with a length of 11 nautical miles and a total area of 26.68 square kilometers. The island is high, the island shore is dangerous and steep, the island is deep, the reef is less, the sea bottom is flat, and the current is not urgent. There are wharves in the main harbours, including Tangutou Bay, Tanguzhong Bay, Yimen Bay, Beichou Bay and Youkan Bay. There are four waterways around the islands, of which the North Pole water channel is Guangzhou, Hong Kong to Shantou route must be through. The water depth near the islands is 6-14 meters, producing male fish, green scale, sea river, sea urchin, seaweed and so on. Among the islands, only Dandan Island has inhabitants. Water is available on the larger islands. Dandan Island and Erzhou Island are rhesus monkey reserves in Guangdong Province.
1. Dandan Island
It was once named Dampole Island, located at the northeast end of the Dampole Islands outside the Pearl River estuary, and is the main island of the Dampole Islands. The island is 11.5 kilometers long, 0.42-1.5 kilometers wide, with an area of 13.48 square kilometers and a coastline of 30.25 kilometers. The island runs from northeast to southwest, with high terrain in the middle and low in the west. It's made of granite. The island is made up of seven continuous peaks, both narrow and long, shaped like a pole. The main peak, Zhangmu Bay, is 322 meters above sea level. The top of each mountain is more gentle, rocky, and the lower part is steeper. There are 9 large and small stone caves on the island. The surface is yellow sand clay, the soil layer is thicker, there are dwarf thatch, shrubs and a small amount of pine, acacia and so on. Water is plentiful on the island. The island shore twists and turns precipitously, mostly rocks, Lei stone shore, especially the south shore is dangerous. There are four wharves in the main harbours, namely, Tanggutou Bay, Tangguzhong Bay and Yimen Bay, with water supply and oil supply facilities. There are about 500 wild macaques in the western part of the island, which was listed as an endangered animal reserve in Guangdong Province in 1978.
There are three residential areas on the island, such as Dan head, Dan middle and Dan tail. In 1986, there were more than 200 households and more than 700 people, 20 acres of arable land, 10 motorized fishing boats, primary schools, kindergartens, thermal power stations, as well as aquatic stations, grain stations, supply and marketing cooperatives, posts and telecommunications offices, and health centers. The island has a simple road to various settlements and piers, a total length of 11.5 km. There are regular ferry to and from Green Island, Tang Jia. The water depth around the island is 6-22 meters, rich male fish, pond fish, seaweed and so on.
2. Onju Island
Once named Ermen Mountain, it is located in the middle of the Dampole Islands. The island runs east-west, 4.5 kilometers long and 0.3-2.35 kilometers wide, with a coastline 15.63 kilometers long and an area of 8.08 square kilometers. It is made of granite and is high in the middle and low in the southeast and west. The surface is more exposed rock, sand clay is 0.2-1 meters thick, vegetation is sparse, there are grasses, shrubs and a small number of pines and acacia. The main peak of the central Fenghuang Mountain island, 473.7 meters above sea level, is the first peak of Wanshan Islands. There is plenty of fresh water on the island. There are wild macaque monkeys, Guangdong Province endangered animal reserve. Stone shore, the south for the steep shore, the north coast more Lei stone beach. The main ports are: Yougan Bay, North trough Bay, built reinforced cement wharf, can berth 100 tons of ships. The water depth of the nearby sea is 5-28 meters, rich male fish, pond fish, seaweed and so on.
Before the founding of the island, 100 people lived on the island, but all were moved. In 1986, the stone farm was opened, and more than 100 people lived and worked here temporarily.
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Wailingding Island is located in the middle of the Wanshan Islands northeast end, the east side of the Pearl River estuary, when Guangzhou to Hong Kong, east Guangdong coastal port routes. The island is 2.9 kilometers long, 1.07-2.3 kilometers wide, and the coastline around the island is 12.22 kilometers long, with an area of 4.3123 square kilometers. Made of granite, the terrain is high from east to west, and slightly lower in the north and middle. Lingding Peak, the main peak in the center of the island, is 311.8 meters high. Hong Kong, Dandan Island, Beijian Island, Guishan Island and the whole sea within the line of each island can be observed in fine weather. The surface is brown clay and rocky, with wild pineapples and bushes in the east, and little vegetation in the rest. There are many rock cracks and caves in the valley. The shore of the island is steep and full of cliffs. There are 10 large and small harbours, mainly Lingding Bay and Ta Bay. There are three docks, which can berth ships below 100 tons to avoid 6-7 northeast wind. Water is plentiful on the island. The water depth near the island is 11-20 meters, producing male fish, pond fish, Hai River and so on.
The island has been inhabited for 250 years. In 1986, there were 84 households on the island, more than 265 people, residents mainly fishing, in recent years, the development of cage fish farming. There are also more than 60 floating fishermen. In 1986, some residents moved from Miaowan Island to fish and aquaculture. The island has more than 10 acres of arable land, duck, pig farms each 1. There are more than 100 motorized vessels.
The island has been the seat of the town government since 1983. The island has elementary schools, fish acquisition stations, shops, grain stores, thermal power stations and so on. Built water tower, typhoon signal pole. There are 2 roads, a total length of 10.1 kilometers, there are regular transport ships to and from Xiangzhou, Damrod and other places every week.
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Sanmen Islands are located in the middle of Wanshan Islands, between the island of Kaizhou and Wailingding Island. The islands are composed of Sanmen Island, Henggang Island, Zhuwantou Island, Sanmen Island, Hei Island, Yuangang Island, Magang Island 7 islands and nearby reefs. From northwest to southeast, the island covers a total area of 2.593 square kilometers. Among the islands, Sanmen Island is the largest, with an area of 0.8062 square kilometers, and Henggang Island has the highest altitude of 141.8 meters. The islands are of granite structure. The surface is sandy and gravel loess. There are springs on Black Island, Sanmen Island and Zhuwan Tou Island. There are 4 harbors, Sanmen Bay is one of the best harbors of the Wanshan Islands, can berth 500 ton ships 2-3 or fishing boats 30, can avoid the north to southeast wind below 7. The sea area around the island is wide, the water depth is 10-30 meters, the production of green scale, Huangze, pond fish, sea river, sea bream and so on.
Sanmen Island is located in the middle of the Sanmen Islands, and is its main island. The island is north-south, high and wide in the north, low and narrow in the south, shaped like a fish hook. The island is 1.55 kilometers long, 0.21-1.55 kilometers wide, with an area of 0.8062 square kilometers and a coastline of 5.68 kilometers. The main peak Sanmending is 94.4 kilometers above sea level, located in the northern center. It is composed of granite and has a surface of gritty loess. The southern and eastern sides of the island have a thick layer of thatch and bushes, while the southwestern side has a thin layer and few weeds. There are springs on the island. The island's shores are mostly rocky and steep. There is a dry reef about 250 meters offshore in the northeast of the island, which has a greater impact on sailing vessels. In 1981, Damrod Town and Hong Kong businessmen jointly operated the stone mine, with more than 100 workers. The water depth around the island is 6-27 meters, producing male fish, Huangze, green scale, Haihe and so on.
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Kaizhou Islands in the middle of Wanshan Islands, east adjacent to Sanmen Islands. It consists of Ai Chau, Ai Chau Tsai, Tou Ko Chau, Tou Ko Chau Tsai, Tou Ko Shek and other islands. It is arranged from northeast to southwest, with a total area of 2.4435 square kilometers, of which the island is the largest and the main island, with an area of 1.85 square kilometers, and the top of the main peak is 218.9 meters. There are fresh water sources on Ai Chau and Ai Chau Tsai. The waters between the two islands are called the Guli Chau Gate, which is accessible to medium-sized vessels. The sea area between Southwest and Zhuzhou is the turning point of the channel on the west side of Guishan Island. The main harbours are: Putou Bay, East Bay. The water depth near the islands is 8-23 meters, producing mackerel, yellow croaker, white fish and so on.
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Jiabong Islands used to be known as Xiabang Islands and Jipeng Islands. It is located in the southeast of Wanshan Islands, the outermost islands southeast of the Pearl River Estuary. It consists of 20 islands and nearby reefs, including Beitsim Island, Miaowan Island, Yap Ying Chau, Tongs Mei, Bai Pai Island and Wan Chau Island. Northeast-southwest arrangement. The main island North Tip Island is located in the northeast, the total area of the islands is 5.67 square kilometers. It is composed of granite of the third Yanshan stage. Some of the islands have soil on the surface, the thickness is not more than 1 meter, vegetation is mostly low thatch and shrubs. Miaowan Island is inhabited, while the other islands are uninhabited. There are fresh water sources in North Tsim Island, Miaowan Island, Wong Mau Chau and Ping Chau. The surrounding waters are generally more than 30 meters deep, rich in male fish, pond fish, Haihe, squid, cuttlefish, seaweed, etc., is one of the main fishing grounds and aquatic bases in Zhuhai.
1. North Tip Island
Formerly known as North Pinntail, it is located in the northeast of the Gabon Islands and is its main island. The island is 4.6 kilometers long, 0.12-1.36 kilometers wide, with an area of 3.188 square kilometers and a coastline of 15.06 kilometers around the island. It is composed of granite and contains mica, mercury, lead, jade and other mineral deposits. Before the war of Resistance against Japan, Shanghai three key Company cooperated with Japan, and more than 100 workers mined it. The surface is yellow sandy soil, about 0.5-1.2 meters thick, with weeds, bushes and small trees planted. The island's terrain is dangerous, high in the southwest, low in the northeast, there are five mountains, the north peak of the main peak is 301.2 meters above sea level, and there is a boulder on the top tilted north, protruding from the southwest end of the island. Island shore twists and turns, mostly Lei stone shore. Water is scarce on the island. Crab Bay, Haiqiu Bay built a pier each, can berth 450 tons of ships. The waters around the island are 10-45 meters deep and produce male fish, Haihe river, cuttlefish and squid. There are simple roads on the island.
2. Miaowan Island
Formerly known as the Om Cliff, in the middle of the Jiapong Islands, the original two islands, in 1970 built a 30 meters long, 4.5 meters wide stone embankment to connect the two islands. The island is 3 km long, 0.22-0.75 km wide, with a coastline of 9.68 km long and an area of 1.33 square km. Composed of granite, the island is covered with exposed rock, only the hillside valley and rock cracks between the thickness of less than 1 meter yellow sand soil, there are weeds. The island is northeast-southwest trend, the terrain from northeast to southwest gradually lower, the main peak in the northeast om cliff top altitude of 226.8 meters. Island shore twists and turns, mostly for the cliff shore, the main harbor of the wind Bay, there are two docks, can moor 500 tons of ships. The island was inhabited more than 300 years ago. In 1985, there were 319 residents in 65 households. Due to the lack of water on the island, he moved to Wailingding Island in August 1986. The water depth near the island is 4-15 meters, producing male fish, sea river, squid and so on.
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Guishan Island, formerly known as Shihetang, Trash Tail and Cockroach tail, is located in the northwest of Wanshan Islands and the east of the Pearl River Estuary. It is the hub of maritime traffic for Wanshan Islands when domestic and foreign ships enter and leave the Pearl River Estuary.
The island runs north-south, 3 kilometers long, 1.05-2.4 kilometers wide, 9.40 kilometers long, and an area of 3.5125 square kilometers. It is made of granite, high in the middle and low and flat on all sides. The main peak in the center of the island, the Ho Peak, is 233.5 meters above sea level. There are sea caves as high as 108 meters. The surface is yellow gravel, with low thatched grass and low pine and acacia trees in the south. There are 13 Wells in the whole island, and springs in all the mountains, all the year round. Among them, Yiwan Spring has the largest flow, and there is a fresh reservoir with a capacity of 240,000 cubic meters. The island shore is more tortuous, rocky steep shore and Lei stone shore, near the reef scattered. There are 15 bays along the coast, mainly one bay and two bays, all of which are sandy shoals. There are 3 "T" type wharves in the bay, equipped with water supply and oil supply equipment, and navigation light piles. On the northeast side of the island is Dahao Waterway, on the west side, 1 km from the shore is the main channel for foreign ships to enter and exit the Pearl River Estuary and the anchorage for water replenishment, quarantine and loading and unloading, and on the northwest side, 2 km is the anchorage for large ships. The water depth near the island is 3-10 meters, producing fish, silver shrimp and so on.
There are Guishan Town on the island. In 1984, there were more than 1 000 residents, more than 1 100 floating fishermen, more than 90 acres of arable land, and more than 10 motor fishing boats and transport ships. The island is dominated by fishing, and has developed cage fish farming, light industry and agriculture. There are nearly 10 factories such as electronic processing, clothing, silk flowers, and credit cooperatives, aquatic products purchase stations, shops, health centers, customs, border stations, and primary schools. There are 2 simple roads. There are ferry to and from Xiangzhou, Tangjia and so on. Guishan Island, formerly known as "garbage tail", was changed to Guishan Island in 1954 to commemorate the martyrs of the People's Navy "Guishan" who died for the liberation of the island in May 1950, and there is a monument to the martyrs of the liberation of Guishan Island.
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Spider Islands are located in the northwest of Wanshan Islands, between Wailingding Island and Guishan Island. It consists of big spider island and small spider island. 2 Islands are 0.4 km apart. The total area of 2.5063 square kilometers, the main island of the big spider north east and west, an area of 1.7688 square kilometers, 245 meters above sea level, the small spider west, an area of 0.7375 square kilometers, 109.3 meters above sea level. Granite structure, the surface is yellow sand clay, with sparse golden bamboo and shrubs. Many reefs near the shore, mostly Lei stone shore. The main harbour, Chaschia Bay, has a "T" shaped pier. There are waterways around the islands, and the Dahao Waterway on the north side is a shortcut for vessels entering the Lingdingyang. The water depth around the islands is 6-23 meters, and various shrimp and larva are produced.
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Wanshan Islands are the largest islands in the Wanshan Islands, located in the south of the Pearl River estuary, the entrance of the Pearl River Estuary waterways, as an important maritime barrier to the east of the Pearl River estuary. The islands consist of 18 islands and reefs, namely Tai Man Shan Island, Chuk Chau Island, Chuk Chau Tsai, Heng Chau, Kwai Chau, Pak Lek Chau Tsai, Pak Lek Island, Siu Man Chau Tsai, Kung Wa Chau, Kong Tong Island, Siu Man Shan Island, Tung O Island, Tung O Tsai, Tai Lie Island, Siu Lie Island, Wong Mo Island, Wong Pak Island, Siu Po Toi Island. The total area of the island is 3412 square kilometers, of which Dawanshan, Xiaowanshan, Baili and Dongao Islands are larger. The islands are composed of granite of the third and fourth Yanshan stages. The surface of the larger islands is yellow sand and gravel soil, mostly covered with thatch and brush. Most of the coastal cliffs Lei stone shore, near the shore many reefs. The islands are criss-crossed by waterways. Tung O Bay on Tung O Island and Wan Shan Bay on Tai Man Shan Island are the main harbors with wharves, oil and water supply facilities and typhoon shelters. Wanshan Port is an important fishing port, which can berth 100-ton vessels. Except for Dawanshan Island and Dongao Island inhabited, the rest are uninhabited islands. There are lamp posts at Xiao Pu Tai and Zhu Chau. The waters near the islands are wide, the sea floor is flat, the water depth is 6-31 meters, rich in yellow croaker, belt fish, green scale, red fish, shellfish and so on.
1. Daemansan Island
Formerly known as Old Wanshan, it is located at the southern tip of Wanshan Islands and is its main island. The island is 3.35 kilometers long from east to west, 2.45-3.88 kilometers wide, with an area of 8.175 square kilometers and a coastline of 14.42 kilometers around the island. It is composed of granite, the surface is yellow sand soil, and the forest coverage rate is more than 60%. There are 5 peaks, the main peak is 432.5 meters above sea level, and it is located in the northern center. The terrain is high in the middle, low around, and there are small flat areas between the peaks, which is easy to cultivate. There is plenty of fresh water on the island. The island shore twists and turns steep, mostly rocky steep shore and stone shore. There are many cliffs on the south and west sides; The east and north banks are lined with boulders, and the surge is larger. There are five bays around the island, and Wanshan Bay at the southwest end is surrounded by mountains on three sides, built a typhoon shelter, and built two cement and steel piers, which can berth ships under 500 tons. The Pumice Bay on the southeast side of the island is rocky and the wind is strong and the waves are high. The Institute of Energy Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences plans to build a wave power station here. There are roads throughout the island, and there are passenger and cargo ships between Xiangzhou and Tangjia. The island is located in Wanshan fishing ground, one of the six major fishing grounds in the province, producing pond fish, yellow croaker, belt fish and so on. The number of fishing boats in and outside the province reached 500-600 during the spring season.
Wanshan Town on the island, in 1984 there were more than 250 households, more than 1 100 people, more than 120 acres of cultivated land. There are also more than 1,000 floating fishermen. Mainly fishing, the development of cage culture, free range of grouper, herring, etc., in 1986, the fish raised more than 40,000 fish. There are fisheries stations, banks, food stations, Marine observation stations, posts and telecommunications, health centers, primary and secondary schools, and power plants on the island.
2. Dongao Island
Located in the northwest of Wanshan Islands, the island is in the shape of "gong", 3.5 kilometers long, 0.715-2.88 kilometers wide, an area of 4.7 square kilometers, and a coastline of 13.95 kilometers. Granite structure, the surface is yellow sand soil, the north and south slopes have dense thatch, the valley between the lush shrubs, between acacia, neem trees, masson pine and so on. The terrain is high in the north, followed by the south, and low in the middle. The main peak, Dongao Top, is 169 meters high, located in the north of the island, and Dongao Bay in the east and Nansha Bay in the west enter the middle, forming the waist of the island. Nansha Wan is covered with fine yellow sand, which is the source of sand for the construction of the nearby islands. There is plenty of fresh water on the island. The water depth is mostly 5-10 meters, and there are many reefs near the shore. Near the island produced blue round, belt fish, yellow croaker and so on. In 1984, there were more than 400 residents on the island, with 26 boats of all sizes and 50 acres of arable land. The residents mainly engaged in fishing and developed cage culture, with more than 600 cage species, including grouper, Herring and so on. There are aquatic stations, supply and marketing cooperatives, schools, and health centers on the island. There are 4 simple roads, 14.6 km. Built in 1729, there is a historical site of Dongao Busan City, with fort and beacon tower.
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