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Welding machines are made using positive and negative poles in an instant
short-circuit
When the high temperature is generated
Electric arc
Come to melt
Welding electrode
superior
solder
The purpose of bonding with the material to be welded and the object to be contacted. Its structure is very simple, is a high-power
transformer
.
Welding machine generally can be divided into two types according to the type of output power supply, one is AC power supply, the other is
Direct current
. They use the principle of inductance, the amount of inductance generated when it is switched on and off
Voltage variation
The high voltage arc generated by the positive and negative poles when the short circuit is instantaneous is used to melt the solder on the electrode so that they can achieve the purpose of atom bonding.
- Chinese name
- Electric welding machine
- Foreign name
- electric welding machine
- Work and energy
- weld
- categorize
- Ac, DC
Figure 1
Second, the shortcomings of the welding machine: the welding machine will produce a certain amount around the welding machine in the process of use
Magnetic field
Arc burning will produce radiation to the surrounding, there are infrared, ultraviolet and other light in the arc, as well as metal vapor and smoke and other harmful substances, so the operation must do enough protective measures. Welding is not suitable for the welding of high carbon steel, due to the process of crystallization and segregation of weld metal and oxidation, for high carbon steel
weldability
Poor, easy to crack after welding, hot cracks and cold cracks. Low carbon steel has good welding performance, but the process must also be properly operated, rust cleaning is more cumbersome, sometimes
weld
There will be defects such as slag inclusion cracks and porosity biting edges, but proper operation will reduce the occurrence of defects.
Electric welding machine
1, the main welding machines used by industrial and mining enterprises are:
Ac arc welding machine
Dc welding machine
Argon arc welding machine
Carbon dioxide welding machine, butt welding machine, spot welding machine, submerged arc welding machine, high frequency welding machine,
Flash butt welding machine
Pressure welding machine, touch welding machine
Laser welder
.
The main difference between the application fields of AC welder and DC welder is that AC welder is generally used in steel structure manufacturing units or general
General purpose machinery
Or agricultural machinery manufacturing units. Direct current is mainly used in the manufacture of pressure vessels, boilers, pipes, or important structural manufacturing units of the welding machine.
Electric welding machine
(1)
Inverter welder
The main application areas are the same, but the welding machine is more energy efficient and portable.
⑵ The main application areas of submerged arc welding machine large steel structure manufacturing units, pressure vessels
Boiler making
Unit.
(3) The main application areas of gas shielded welding machine Large steel structure manufacturing units or general machinery agricultural machinery, automobile manufacturing plants, security door processing plants, manufacturing pressure vessel boiler units are also widely used gas shielded welding machine.
⑷ Argon arc welding machine is mainly used in pipelines, pressure vessels and boilers,
Stainless steel processing
Enterprise.
(5) AC argon arc welding machine mainly uses aluminum welding manufacturing units, aluminum container manufacturing units. Of aluminum
radiator
Welding.
2, there are two kinds of DC welding machine: one is
Alternating current motor
On the basis of the addition of a rectifier element, there is another
Dc generator
. Dc welding machine mainly welding non-ferrous metals, pig iron. Ac welding machine mainly welding steel plate.
3, argon arc welding machine, carbon dioxide protection welding machine, high frequency welding machine, flash welding machine. Argon arc welding machine,
Carbon dioxide gas shielded welding machine
It can mainly weld thin sheet and colored gold layer below 2MM. Flash butt welding machine mainly butt copper and aluminum joints and other objects, high frequency welding machine mainly pipe factory welding steel pipe.
4.
Submerged arc welding
Mainly welded steel structural parts, bridge H steel, I-beam and other thick steel structural materials.
5, gas shielded welding machine: argon arc welding,
Carbon dioxide welding
Under the protection of gas, the welding machine will not oxidize, dissolve and weld firmly, and can weld colored gold layer and thin materials.
7, butt welding machine: cable chain factory main welding anchor on the iron cable and other objects. Can butt yuan steel and so on.
Figure 2
1 GB/T2900.22-2005 Electrical terminology welding machine
5 GB/T10249-1988 welding machine model preparation method
6 GB/T13164-2003 submerged arc welding machine
7 GB/T13165-1991 Method for the determination of noise in arc welders
8 GB15578-1995 Safety requirements for resistance welders
9 GB15579.1-2004 Arc welding equipment - Part 1: Welding power supply
10 GB/T15579.5-2005 - Safety requirements for arc welding equipment - Part 5: Wire feeding devices
11 GB/T15579.7-2005 - Safety requirements for arc welding equipment - Part 7: Torch (gun)
Safety requirements for arc welding equipment - Part 11: electric welding tongs
Safety requirements for arc welding equipment - Part 12: Welding cable coupling devices
14 GB/T18495-2001 Resistance welding - Transformer integrated with welding pliers
15GB19213-2003 Safety requirements for small arc welding transformers
16 JB/T2751-2004
Plasma arc cutter
17 JB/T3158-1999 Resistance spot welding straight electrode
18 JB/T3946-1999 Convex welding machine electrode plate slot
19 JB/T3947-1999 Resistance spot welding electrode joint
20 JB/T3948-1999 Resistance spot welding electrode cap
21 JB/T3957-1999 Spot welding equipment electrode taper matching dimensions
22 JB/T4158-1999 Weld wheel blank size
23 JB/T5249-1991
Mobile spot welder
24 JB/T5250-1991 Seam welding machine
25 JB/T5251-1991 Fixed butt welding machine
26 JB/T5252-1991 Graphic symbols for resistance welding equipment
27 JB/T5256-1991 Welding machine inspection and sampling method
28 JB/T5340-1991 Special technical conditions for solder resistance transformers for multi-point welders
29 JB/T6230-1992 Technical conditions for small electric heat type welding rod drying furnace
30 JB/T6231-1992 Electrode cooling tube for resistance spot welding equipment
31 JB/T6232-1992 Welding rod insulation tube technical conditions
32 JB/T6233-1992 Dimensions of wire reel and coil
33 JB/T7106-1993 Water recompression
Air plasma arc cutting machine
34 JB/T7108-1993 Carbon arc gouger
35 JB/T7109-1993
Plasma arc welding machine
37 JB/T7824-1995 Technical specifications for inverter arc welding rectifiers
38 JB/T7834-1995 Arc welding transformer
39 JB/T7835-1995 Arc welding rectifier
40 JB/T8086-1999 Friction welding machine
41 JB/ T8333-1996 Screw welding machine
42 JB/T8442.1-1996 Resistance welding water-cooled secondary connection cables - Part 1: Specifications and technical requirements for two-core connection cables
43 JB/T8442.2-1996 Resistance welding water-cooled secondary connection cables - Part 2: Specifications and technical requirements for single-core connection cables
Resistance welding water-cooled secondary connection cables - Part 3: Test requirements
45 JB/T8442.3-1996 Safety requirements for cooling fans for welding machines
46 JB/T8588-1997 Technical specifications of electroslag pressure welding machine for rebar
47JB /T8597-1997 Manual tungsten inert gas shielded arc welding machine (TIG welding machine) Technical specifications
48 JB/T8748-1998 MIG/MAG arc welding machine
49 JB/T8805-1998 Technical specifications for pressure reducers for gas protection
50 JB/T8806-1998 Technical conditions for gas mixing proportioners for gas protection
51 JB/T9527-1999 Spot welding equipment taper plug gauge and taper ring gauge
52 JB/T9528-1999 Prime mover arc welding generator set
53 JB/T9529-1999 Resistance welding machine transformer general technical conditions
54 JB/T9530-1999 Insulation caps and bushings for resistance welding equipment
55 JB/T9531-1999 Spot welding electrode stoppers and clamps
56 JB/T9534-1999 Arc starting device technical conditions
57 JB/T9959-1999 Resistance welding of electrode joints with internal taper 1:10
58 JB/T9960-1999 Resistance spot welding convex electrode cap
59 JB/T10101-2000 Fixed point,
Projection welder
60 JB/T10110-1999 Resistance welding machine controller general technical conditions
61 JB/T10113-2002 Dimensions and characteristics of secondary connection cables connected to water-cooled connection blocks at both ends of resistance welding equipment
62 JB/T10255-2001 Resistance welding equipment -- Electrode joints, external taper 1:10 -- Part 1: Taper fit, taper 1:10
63 JB/T10256.1-2001 Resistance spot welding -- Electrode grips -- Part 1: Fit taper 1:10
64 JB/T10256.2-2001 Resistance spot welding -- electrode grips -- Part 2: Morse taper fit
65 JB/T10256.3-2001 Resistance spot welding - Electrode grip - Part 3:
End insert cylindrical shank fit
66 JB/T10257-2001 Resistance welding equipment -- Insulating pins for electrode stoppers
67 JB/T10258-2001 Projection points for resistance projection welding
68 JB/T10498-2005 Welding machine special transfer switch
The welder has a wide range of uses. Whether it is a large shipbuilding enterprise, industrial and mining enterprises and various construction enterprises welding machine is an indispensable tool. Welding machine is used for material welding, in use is charged, especially some small construction units to save costs to buy cheap welding machine, in the harsh environment of the construction site is easy to cause electric shock, fire, welding phenomenon, will endanger personal safety and property safety. Because the welding quality is not good, it will also cause "tofu slag" project.
Some requirements to pay attention to when purchasing welding machine:
First, in the purchase of welding machine products, to the regular production enterprises or large shopping malls to buy, and to buy a high market share of the brand famous products. Do not covet cheap to buy in small shops, where the quality of the welding machine can not be guaranteed.
Second, when purchasing, check whether the nameplate on the product has the name of the manufacturer, production address, specifications and models, welding current adjustment range, load duration and input voltage and current, and then determine the welding machine you want to buy according to the work needs.
Third, the purchase can require the dealer to provide product quality inspection report or certificate. Because the welding machine product is a national mandatory certification product, it is necessary to confirm whether the product has passed the "3C" certification when purchasing. You can also check online.
Fourth, when buying, be sure to check whether the product has a ground screw, and the connection of the ground screw should be well grounded without paint. Whether the movement is clean, whether the insulation is damaged to ensure the safety of use, and if necessary, it can also be tested.
Before purchase, you can check the operation, conversion and installation of the switch on the panel, the power indicator light on and off, whether the fan is normal, whether the power part has abnormal vibration and buzzer, whether there is odor, whether there is discoloration and other heating phenomena on the appearance, to ensure the quality of the welding machine and give full play to the performance of the welding machine.
6. If you want to buy a gas shielded welding machine, check whether the accessories are complete before purchase, whether the wire feeder is oily, whether the rotation is smooth, and whether the connecting cable matches the exterior insulation is damaged to ensure the stability of the arc.
Welding transformer has its own characteristics, that is, it has the characteristics of a sharp drop in voltage.
Flash welding machine
The harm of light to human body and its prevention
During welding operation, welding arc light harmful to human body will be produced. Welding arc mainly includes
Infrared ray
, visible light and ultraviolet light. These are all hot lines. When the welding arc temperature is 3000℃, the radiation wavelength is less than 290mμm. At 3200℃, its radiation wavelength is less than 230mμm. When light radiation acts on the human body, the tissues in the body will absorb it, causing tissue heat action,
Photochemical action
Or ionization, resulting in acute or chronic damage to human tissues.
The harm of infrared to the human body is mainly caused by the thermal effect of tissues. During the welding process, the eyes are subjected to strong infrared radiation, which will immediately feel strong burns and burning pain, and flash hallucinations occur. Long-term exposure may cause infrared cataracts, vision loss and, in severe cases, blindness.
The luminosity of visible light is about 10,000 times larger than the normal brightness of the naked eye, when the visible light radiates the human eye, it will produce a sense of pain, can not see things, usually called "blinding", and lose the ability to work in a short time.
The harm of ultraviolet light to human body is mainly photochemical effect, which causes damage to human skin and eyes. After the skin is exposed to strong ultraviolet radiation, it can cause dermatitis, diffuse erythema, sometimes small blisters, exudates, burning sensation, itching; When the effect is strong, it is accompanied by systemic symptoms: headache, dizziness, fatigue, nervous excitement, fever, insomnia, etc. Excessive exposure of ultraviolet light to human eyes can cause acute corneal and conjunctivitis of the eye, that is, electroophthalmia. Most cases occur 4-12 days after exposure and are characterized by high levels of discoloration, tearing, foreign body sensation, tingling, eyelid redness, spasms, and headache
Blurred vision
.
In order to prevent the harm of welding arc on the human body, welding work must wear a smooth surface, a large reflection coefficient of work clothes, wear gloves, shoe covers, do not allow welders to roll up the cuffs or wear short-sleeved clothes, open the collar for welding work. After putting on the work pants, ensure that the length is sufficient when squatting, to avoid exposing the ankle and being burned by the arc. Must use a mask with a special filter, the filter must be a qualified product produced by the national point factory, can not use the general ink mirror. In order to protect the eyes of other workers in the welding area from harm, a barrier should be set up around the welding site, the barrier area, the welding worker should often remind other workers to pay attention to avoid, and conditional units can be equipped with other staff in the welding area
Protective glasses
To avoid eye damage from the arc.
Ac welding machine
Is essentially a special kind of
Step-down transformer
. Apply 220V and
380V
Alternating current
To low-voltage direct current, AC welding machine is both the output power type of AC power welding machine.
In order to make the welding proceed smoothly, the transformer power supply can have the following characteristics according to the needs of the welding process:
Ac welding machine has the characteristics of voltage drop
General electrical equipment requires that the voltage of the power supply does not follow
load
The voltage is constant, such as 380V (single phase) or 220V. Although the voltage of the access welding transformer is certain, such as 380V or
220V
However, the output voltage after the transformer can change with the output current (load), and the voltage decreases rapidly with the increase of the load, which is called the steep drop characteristic or the drop characteristic. This ADAPTS to the various voltage requirements required for welding:
(1) Primary voltage: that is, the external voltage of the welding machine.
Because the voltage required at both ends of the primary coil of the arc welding transformer is single
380V
Therefore, the general AC welding machine connected to the power grid voltage is a single 380V.
(2) Zero voltage: In order to ensure that the welding process is frequently short-circuiting (welding rod and weldment contact), the voltage is required to automatically drop to near zero to limit the short-circuit current from infinite increase and burn the power supply.
(3)
No-load voltage
: In order to meet the needs of arc starting and safety, no-load (welding), the no-load voltage is required to be about 60 ~ 80V, which can smoothly start the arc and is safer for the person.
(4)
Operating voltage
After welding, the voltage is required to automatically drop to the voltage required for the normal operation of the arc, that is, the working voltage, about 20 to 40 V, this voltage is also a safe voltage.
(5)
Arc voltage
: That is, the voltage at both ends of the arc, which is within the range of the working voltage. When welding, the length of the arc will change: the arc length is long, the arc voltage should be higher; If the arc length is short, the arc voltage should be lower. Therefore, arc welding transformer should adapt to the change of arc length to ensure the stability of arc.
Current and voltage through three phases
Main transformer
Voltage reduction, by thyristor element
commutation
And take advantage of change
thyristor
Trigger Angle phase to control the output current. The current signal is taken out from the shunt at the DC output end of the rectifier as a negative current feedback signal. With the increase of the DC output current, the negative feedback also increases, the thyristor conduction Angle decreases, and the output current voltage decreases, thus obtaining the external characteristic of decline. When the output voltage is lower than 15V, the output current is increased, especially when the short circuit is formed, the external characteristics of the external drag, so that the electrode is not easy to stick. The arc starting circuit increases the given voltage for a short time each time the arc starts, so that the arc starting current is larger and it is easy to start the arc.
As can be seen from the above statement,
Electric welding
When arcing, the circuit is in a short circuit state, the voltage drops sharply, and the current needs to be large. After arcing, the arc should be stabilized, at this time, the solution of the electrode and the bulk cell is still in a short-circuit transition state, the voltage is still falling, and the current is still large; After the transition is completed, it is in a normal welding state, the voltage rises and the current drops. The AC welding machine should be correctly connected when used, that is, the shell and secondary side of the welding machine should be reliably protected from zero or ground, to prevent the shell dew point or high pressure into the low pressure to the human body caused by electric shock risk, as shown in the following figure, but its welding clamp end can not protect zero or ground, the power cord of the welding machine should be three-core rubber cord value, repair or replace the damaged parts. Check whether the insulation of the conductor and cable is damaged to ensure that the device is in good technical condition.
The weldable current of AC welder is adjustable
In order to meet the welding requirements of different materials and plate thickness, the welding current can be adjusted from tens of amps to hundreds of amps, and the required current value can be adjusted arbitrarily according to the thickness of the workpiece and the size of the electrode diameter used. The adjustment of the current is generally divided into two levels: one is coarse adjustment, commonly used to change the connection of the output wire (I position connection or II position connection), so as to change the number of turns of the internal coil to achieve a wide range of current adjustment, coarse adjustment should be carried out in the case of cutting off the power supply to prevent electric shock damage; The other level is fine adjustment, commonly used to change the welding machine "movable core" (moving core type) or "movable coil" (moving coil type) position to achieve the required current value, fine adjustment operation is achieved by rotating the handle, when the handle counterclockwise rotation of the current value increases, the handle clockwise rotation of the current decreases, fine adjustment should be carried out in the no-load state. The range of coarse and fine adjustment of various models of welding machines can be consulted on the label
Troubleshooting Symptom Possible causes
Overheat of transformer 1. Overload 2. Short circuit of transformer winding 1. Reduced welding current 2. Short-circuit troubleshooting
The welding current is too small. 1. The secondary power cable is too long and too thin (the conductor voltage drop is too large). 2. The secondary power cable is coiled in a circle (the inductance is too large). 3. The secondary power cable is in poor contact (the contact resistance at the connection is too large or the contact with the overwork is poor) 1. Reduce the length or enlarged area. 2. Remove the ring shape. 3. Reconnect to reduce the contact resistance.
Welding current
Too large or too small 1. Damage to the inductive insulation in the circuit (causing too much current) 2. The magnetic circuit generates eddy currents (causing current reduction). 1. Repair the insulation damage. 2. Adjust the core gap
The welded power cable is overheated. 1. All conductors are overheated: the cross-sectional area of the conductor is too small. 2. The connection is overheated: the contact resistance of the connection is too large. Replace a large area of wires. 2. Reconnect the cables to reduce the contact resistance
The position of the moving core is unstable during welding. The adjusting handle or moving core is fixed
When welding, there is a "buzz" noise to move the brake screw or spring of the iron core too loose to tighten the brake screw or adjust the spring pressure
Safe operating rules for AC welding machines
(1) Welding operation and cooperation personnel must be worn as required
Labor protection articles
. Safety measures must be taken to prevent electric shock, falling from high altitude, gas poisoning fire and other accidents.
(2) The welding machine used on site should be equipped with a rainproof, moisture-proof and sun-proof shed, and should be equipped with corresponding fire equipment.
(3) Within 10m of the welding site, flammable and explosive items such as oil, wood, oxygen cylinders and acetylene generators shall not be stacked.
(4) Before use, check and confirm that the primary and secondary wires are correctly connected, and the input voltage meets the requirements of the welding machine nameplate. After connecting the power supply, it is forbidden to touch the live part of the primary line. The primary and secondary wiring points must be equipped with protective covers.
(5) The secondary tap connecting copper plate should be pressed tightly, and the terminal should have a washer. Before closing, check the wiring nuts, bolts and other components in detail and confirm that they are intact, loose or damaged. There are protective covers at the terminals.
(6) When multiple welding machines are used centrally, they should be connected separately
Three-phase power supply
On the network, make
Three-phase load balancing
. The grounding device of multiple welding machines shall be connected by the grounding electrode respectively, and shall not be connected in series.
(7) When moving the welding machine, the power supply should be cut off, and the welding machine should not be moved by dragging cables. When there is a sudden power failure during welding, the power supply should be cut off immediately.
(8) It is strictly prohibited to weld on pressure pipelines, containers with flammable and explosive materials and stress components in operation.
(9) Welding copper, aluminum, zinc,
tin
When non-ferrous metals, such as lead, welding must be carried out in a well-ventilated place, and welding personnel should wear gas masks or respiratory filters.
(10) When welding in the container, the following measures must be taken: there must be an inlet and outlet on the container, and ventilation equipment must be set; The lighting voltage in the container shall not exceed 12V, and someone must be present to monitor the welding. Do not weld in containers that have been sprayed with paint or glue. (11) When welding preheating parts, a baffle should be set up to isolate the radiant heat emitted by the preheating welds.
(12) When welding at altitude, the safety belt must be hung, and fire prevention measures should be taken around and below the welding parts and there is a special guard.
(13) When the welding line passes through the road, it must be high or buried in the ground through the protective tube, such as through the track, it must pass under the track.
(14) The ground wire and the hand wire shall not be placed on flammable, explosive and items with heat sources, the ground wire shall not be connected to the pipeline, machine tool equipment and building metal frame or rail, the insulation shall be good, and the grounding resistance of the housing shall not be greater than 4Ω.
(15) Outdoor welding shall not be allowed in rainy days. When working in wet areas, the operator should stand in a place with insulated materials and wear insulated shoes.
(16) The welding machine for long-term power failure, when used, must use a shake meter to check its insulation resistance shall not be less than 0.5MΩ, and the wiring part shall not have corrosion and moisture phenomenon.
(17) Electric welding pliers should have good insulation and heat insulation ability. The handle of the welding pliers must be well insulated, the connection between the handle and the wire should be firm, good contact, and the connection should be wrapped in insulating cloth and not exposed. Operators should not hold the welding pliers with their arms.
(18) When removing weld slag, protective glasses should be worn, and the head should avoid the direction of percussion welding slag splash.
(19) In the load operation, the welding personnel should often check the temperature of the welding machine, such as more than A grade 60 ° C, B grade 80 ° C, must stop running and cooling.
(20) After the end of the operation, clean up the site, destroy the flame, fire welding waste heat, cut off the power, lock the gate box, before leaving.
gasoline
Generating electric welding machine
Can meet the various needs of different working environments, its advantages and technical parameters are as follows:
· Rated power 5.0KVA, applicable electrode diameter: 2.0-6.0 (mm)
· Dual use of one machine
· Use power generation &; Electric welding technology, the real sense of power generation + electric welding. One machine dual use, use method
· Can achieve the ideal cost performance, so that you enjoy more economic benefits
· Synchronous use
· Good load performance, power supply can be carried out at the same time during welding, welding operation does not affect the voltage and wave mode of power generation, so as to improve work efficiency and facilitate use
· Excellent welding
· Adopt
IGBT
Chopper, combined with pulse width modulation and reactor flat wave technology, makes the welding voltage waveform more stable
· When welding, the current is no more than zero, the current fluctuation is small, and the weld quality is high
· High-quality power
· New type
AVR
The application of technology and shock-absorbing coil enables the machine to achieve a perfect waveform of welding voltage
· No floating welding current means a high quality welding operation
· Easy operation
· Light and simple design improves field operation of the machine and saves a lot of storage space
· Widely used
· Easy arc starting, stable arc, convenient welding current adjustment, large adjustment range
· Can be applied to different electrode diameters and welding environments, so that welding operations become more convenient
The welding machine uses the high temperature arc generated by the positive and negative poles when the short circuit is instantaneous to melt the solder and the welding material on the electrode to achieve the purpose of combining them. The structure is very simple, is a high-power transformer, welding machine generally according to the type of output power can be divided into two kinds, one is AC power; One is direct current. Welding machine in the process of use can not be underestimated maintenance and maintenance.
Welding machine routine maintenance
1. Check that the output wiring of the welding machine is standardized and firm, and the direction of the outlet line is close to vertical, and the Angle between it and the horizontal must be greater than 70°.
2, check the cable connection screw fastening, screw specifications are
Hexagon bolt
M10×30, flat pad, spring pad complete, no rust oxidation and other undesirable phenomena.
3. Check that the exposed cable length is less than 10mm.
4, check the grounding of the welding machine shell.
5, check the welding machine power supply, base metal grounding is good, standard.
6. Check that the cable connection should be reliably insulated and wrapped with tape.
7, the power line, welding cable and welding machine wiring screen cover is intact.
8, welding machine cooling fan rotation is flexible and normal.
9. Whether the power switch, power indicator light and adjusting handle knob are kept intact, whether the ammeter and voltmeter pointer are flexible and accurate, and the surface is clear without cracks. The cover is intact and switches easily.
11 Check whether the appearance of the welding machine is good and no serious deformation.
12 Check whether the hexagon screw at the connection between the CO2 welding torch and the CO2 wire feeder is tightened and whether the CO2 welding torch is loose.
13 Check whether the cable and gas pipe of the CO2 wire feeder are wrapped and fixed.
14 Check the wear of the correction wheel and wire wheel of the CO2 wire feeding device and replace it in time.
15 Check whether the fixed and insulated coils of the motor are in good condition.
16 Check that the remote control box on the CO2 wire feeder is loose.
17 When installing the CO2 welding torch, insert the switch plug of the welding torch into the guide slot. After the welding torch is installed, tighten the screws.
18 Whether the welding pliers are damaged or the upper and lower cover shells are loose affects the insulation. Whether the screws fastening the cover shells are loose, and whether the cables are securely connected and conductive
19 Welding machine wheels are complete and flexible rotation.
20 Clean the oil on the surface of the equipment thoroughly once a week.
21 Every six months, the internal dust of the welding machine is removed with compressed air (without water) (be sure to cut off the power supply and then clean). When removing the dust, the upper and both sides of the plate should be removed, and then blow from top to bottom in order, and wipe the grease with a cloth.
22 Maintenance items shall be undertaken by the operator.
Technical maintenance
Follow the "Routine Maintenance" item and add the following work.
1 Check whether the lines and accessories are in good condition.
3 Fuse check whether it meets the requirements. If it is found that it has been oxidized, seriously overheated, the fuse should be replaced.
4 The current regulating device shall meet the requirements of the regulating range.
5 Check the lubrication of each part of the device.
Matters needing attention
1, new or long unused welding machine, often due to moisture between the winding, winding and the insulation resistance between the housing is greatly reduced, in the beginning of use prone to short circuit and grounding, resulting in equipment and personal accidents. Therefore, before use, use the dial to check whether its insulation resistance is qualified.
2. Before starting the new welding machine, check whether the contactor part of the electrical system is good. After it is considered normal, it can start the trial operation under no-load. When it is proved that there is no electrical hidden trouble, it can be tested under load and finally put into normal operation.
3, the DC welding machine should be rotated in the specified direction, for the fan with the fan should pay attention to the rotation direction is correct, should be used to blow out from the top. To achieve the purpose of cooling welding machine.
[1]
1. Preparation before welding
1. The welding machine should be placed in a ventilated dry place and placed smoothly.
2. Check that the welding mask should be free of light leakage and damage. Welding personnel and auxiliary personnel should wear labor protection products.
3. Welding machine welding pliers, power lines and joints should be connected reliably and well insulated. Do not allow the wiring to overheat phenomenon, the power wiring end must not be exposed, should be wrapped with electrical tape.
4. The length of the wire between the welding machine and the welding pliers shall not exceed 30 meters, and in special cases shall not exceed 50 meters. The wire shall be replaced immediately if it is damp or broken.
5. When the welding line passes through the road, it must be built high or buried in the protective tube, such as through the track must pass from below the track.
6. The primary and secondary wiring of the AC welding machine should be accurate, and the input current should meet the requirements of the equipment. Do not touch the live part of the primary line.
Seven. The secondary tap connecting copper plate must be pressed tightly, and the terminal post should have a coil. Contact bolts and other components should be checked in detail before closing without loosening or damage.
Second, precautions in welding
1. Should be based on the technical conditions of the work, choose a reasonable welding process, do not allow the use of excess load, do not use high current welding, do not use the welding machine for metal cutting operations.
2. In the load welding, the temperature rise of the welding machine should not exceed 60 degrees A and 80 degrees B, otherwise it should be stopped and cooled before welding.
3. Welding machine working place should be kept dry, well ventilated. When moving the welding machine, the power supply should be cut off, and the welding machine should not be moved by dragging the power supply. In case of sudden power failure during welding, the power supply should be cut off.
4. In welding, regulating current is not allowed. Must stop welding, use the adjusting handle to adjust, not too fast, too fast, so as not to damage the regulator.
5. It is forbidden to do welding work under the crane work piece.
6. If there is a crane wire rope in the area of welding, it should be noted that the ground wire of the welding machine should not accidentally touch the wire rope of the lifting, so as to avoid sparks leading to accidents.
Seven. When construction must be carried out in wet areas, the welder must stand on an insulated board, do not touch the welding wire, and do not use the arm to hold the live welding pliers.
Third, precautions after welding
1. After completing the welding operation, the power supply should be cut off immediately, the switch of the welding machine should be turned off, and the power supply and ground wire of the welding pliers should be cleaned and adjusted respectively to avoid short circuit caused by closing.
2. When welding, if the automatic stop device is found to be invalid, it should be immediately shut down and powered off for maintenance.
3. Wear glasses when removing weld slag. Pay attention to the head to avoid the direction of welding slag splash, so as not to cause injury. Do not strike the slag at the person present.
4. After the open air operation is completed, the welder should be covered to avoid rain.
5. When welding is not carried out (moving, repairing, adjusting, working interval rest), the power supply should be cut off to avoid accidents.
6. Check whether the welding machine is grounded reliably once a month.
Welder AIDS include protection against ultraviolet, infrared, or other radiation from welding arcs or other welding energy sources
ray
eye-hurting
Gas welding glasses
Protection during arc welding
welder
Face mask for eyes, face and neck, white overalls,
Welder's gloves
And foot guards, etc.
I. High efficiency and energy saving
The energy saving of welding machine is reflected in two aspects: no-load time energy and load time energy. When unloaded, the welding machine can combine the main circuit,
Air blower
When all enter the stop state, the no-load power consumption is only a few watts; The efficiency of the electric welder under load is higher than that of the thyristor rectifier welder. According to the statistics of relevant parameters, in 2008, the demand for DC welding machines in the national welding industry is 890,000 units, if all the DC welding machines are used, they can directly save 43,000 tons of copper, 64,000 tons of steel, save 680 million KW.H of electricity, indirectly save 566,500 tons of coal, 10.34 million tons of water, and reduce CO2 emissions by 1.44 million tons. It can be seen that vigorously promoting DC welding machine has huge economic and social benefits.
2. Stable welding performance
Because the working frequency of the welding machine is more than 20KHZ, it has a faster
Response speed
The droplet transition can be subdivided into multiple stages for control. For CO2 gas shielded welding, it can greatly reduce the splash and melt the pulse electrode
MIG/MAG welding
The stability of the jet transition can be effectively controlled, and the droplet transition can be combined with the movement of the wire feeding mechanism to further control the droplet transition process, so as to obtain good weld formation and stable welding performance. These are the traditional rectifier welding machine can not do.
3. Realize centralized control
Welding machine a large number of MCU, DSP, FPGA and other digital controller, through
Ethernet
The field bus is used to realize the network communication between multiple welders or the host computer and the welder. It not only solves the problem of cooperative operation of multiple welders, facilitates the centralized control in the welding process, but also realizes the setting or monitoring of remote welder parameters, making remote fault diagnosis and maintenance of welder possible.
Welding machine industry is a small industry, but the products involve multidisciplinary, marginal disciplines, and machinery, electronics, mechanics, control, metallurgy, materials, computers and many other disciplines intensive crossover, to a large extent, but also rely on the maturity and progress of other industries, such as
Insulating material
, electromagnetic materials,
Power electronic device
Computer technology, etc. Limited by many factors such as technical basis and capital, it is very difficult for China's welding machine industry to achieve sustainable and leap-forward development, relying solely on its own capital and strength, or relying only on imported materials and devices to achieve product updates and rapid development. This phenomenon actually reflects that the development of the welding machine industry will inevitably be limited by the overall scientific and technological strength of our country, and the development of the application-oriented industry is inseparable from the progress of the national basic industry.
China has become the world's welding machine manufacturing power, welding machine market capacity to end the stage of rapid development, into a relatively stable development cycle, according to relevant data show: 2012 from January to May, the national production of welding machines reached 1.566,000 units, an increase of 5.52%. In May, China produced 344,000 welding machines, an increase of 0.65%.
From the production of various provinces and cities, from January to May 2012, the top three provinces and cities in China's welding machine production are Zhejiang Province, Guangdong Province and Shanghai, accounting for 36.90%, 27.49% and 19.38% of the total production, respectively.
Reasonable design, free adjustment. Different discharge frequencies can be selected according to different metal materials to achieve the best repair effect.
The heat affected area is small. There is no heat input during the instantaneous process of the cladding, and therefore no deformation, edging and residual stress. No local annealing is produced and no re-heat treatment is required after repair.
Very small welding impact, the welding machine in the welding process to overcome the ordinary argon arc welding impact on the workpiece around the phenomenon. The workpiece machining surface with no allowance can also be repaired with confidence.
High repair accuracy: surfacing thickness from a few microns to a few millimeters, just grinding, polishing.
5. High welding strength: strong bonding force due to full penetration into the workpiece surface material.
Pictures using ring precision control.
