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aestheticism
aestheticism
Claim that
Philosophy of art
Should be independent of all philosophy, art can only be judged by its own standards.
The aesthete Movement
The writers and artists of the Middle Ages believe that the mission of art is to provide for human beings
perception
Pleasure, rather than sending a moral or emotional message. So the aesthetes refused to accept it
John Ruskin
And Matthew Arnold put forward that "art is a practical thing carrying morality"
utilitarianism
Opinion. Aesthetes, on the other hand, believe that art should not have any didactic elements, but the pursuit of pure beauty. They pursue the "beauty" of art, think that "beauty" is the essence of art, and advocate that life should imitate art.
[1]
- Chinese name
- aestheticism
- Foreign name
- Aesthetic
- categorize
- Art - literature
- Soul figure
- Wilde
- Major event
- Wilde in prison
A masterpiece of Japanese aestheticism: A Copy of Chunqin
The aesthete Movement
The Aesthetic movement was a loosely organized movement that emerged in British art and literature in the late 19th century. Usually, people think of aestheticism and what happened in France at that time
symbolism
or
decadentialism
Movement belongs to the same vein, is this international
Literary and artistic movement
Branch in the UK. This campaign is against
Victorian style
Part of the wave that has
post-romanticism
The characteristics of. It occurs in
Victorian age
The later period, which lasted roughly from 1868 to 1901, is generally considered by academics to be the end of the aestheticism movement
Oscar Wilde
Being arrested is a sign. Anglican
decadents
Writers were inspired by Walter
Petter
The impact is huge. Pate published a series of articles between 1867 and 1868, advocating that people should embrace life enthusiastically and pursue the art of life. The decadentists embraced this view (in the 1830s, the French poet and novelist Aufil Gautier was the first to throw out the idea that
Art for art's sake
"And claimed that there was no correlation between art and morality).
Writers and artists in the aesthete movement believed that the mission of art was to provide human beings with sensory pleasure, rather than to convey a moral or emotional message. So the aesthetes refused to accept it
John Ruskin
and
Matthew Arnold
The utilitarian view that "art is a practical thing carrying morality" is put forward. Aesthetes, on the other hand, believe that art should not have any didactic elements, but the pursuit of pure beauty. They are obsessed with the pursuit of "beauty" in art, and believe that "beauty" is the essence of art, and advocate that life should imitate art.
The formation of aestheticism has a long process. 1830s in England
romanticism
The poet Keats was a pioneer of the aestheticism movement. "What is beautiful is eternal joy," he said. Gautier, a French writer, was a writer who transitioned from romanticism to aestheticism. He's against art
utilitarianism
, advocate
Pure art
, pursue
Formal beauty
Putting forward the proposition of "art for art's sake", Gautier became an advocate of the aestheticism movement.
"Canterville's Ghost" by Oscar Wilde
The formation of the English aestheticism movement at the end of the nineteenth century has two main elements: one is the criticism of Bede's hedonism (1839-1894); Second, Maurice (1834-1896) thought of artistic life. Bede believes that literature and art
critic
The duty is not to master knowledge, to list materials, to meet the correct definition of beauty, but to have a special temperament, to be good at feeling the object of beauty, to connect oneself closely with the content of the book, and to explore the pleasure and pleasure obtained from it
Aesthetic criticism
Fundamental. Morris believes that the purpose of transforming society is to spread freely and to make daily life artistic. any
Civilized society
If this environment could not be provided for its members, there would be no need for the world to exist. The above views of Bede and Morris laid the theoretical foundation of aestheticism. And in English poetry
pre-Raphaelite
Chief representative of
Rossetti
(1828-1882) and
Swinburne
(1837-1909) and others' efforts finally formed the aestheticism movement.
The true representative of aestheticism is
Oscar Wilde
(1856-1900), he was a practitioner of aesthetic creation and an advocate of aesthetic theory. In terms of the relationship between art and reality, Wilde believed that art should be detached from reality and free from life. "Real events are the enemy of art. The disadvantage of all art comes from the sense of reality. Nature is understanding, and understanding is not art." All bad art is born out of a return to nature and an objective description of human life. Therefore, it is believed that any art that "returns to life and nature" is bad, and the more art is far away from reality and detached from reality, the better. The only thing that is beautiful is what has nothing to do with us." As for the role of art in life, Wilde believes that it is not art that reproduces life, but life that imitates art. Art is not human.
Social life
The mirror, life is only the student of art, art is supreme. Some people think that this is fundamentally negative
Social existence
decide
Social consciousness
the
Historical materialism
The point of view. It has also been argued that Wilde did not deny everything
Social existence determines social consciousness
It's just that social consciousness is relatively independent. Social consciousness may change and develop before social existence, and art, as an advanced social consciousness, has a dynamic reaction to social existence
Social development
Play a positive role in promoting.
from
Literary and artistic creation
the
purposefulness
It said he preached "art for art's sake." "Art expresses nothing but itself." Art has an independent life, just as thought has an independent life." "The Picture of Dorian Gray" is one of Wilde's masterpieces, and it is also a work of aestheticism that aims to show that "life is the imitation of art, and if art is destroyed, human life will not exist".
The aesthete Movement
The main characteristics include: the pursuit of suggestion rather than statement, the pursuit of sensory enjoyment, right
symbolize
The extensive application of techniques, the pursuit of the correlation between things - that is, the search for the internal connection between words, colors and music.
It is generally believed that aestheticism is related to what happened in France at that time
symbolism
Or decadentialism movement belongs to the same vein, is this international literary movement in the British branch. The movement was part of a wave of anti-Victorian style, with post-romantic characteristics.
Aestheticism is sometimes associated with demonism, but demonism and
Decadent art
It doesn't necessarily match. It's more of an emotional match
Renaissance
Exercise together. Sometimes also with
mysticism
Combine.
The representative of aestheticism: Oscar Wilde
Aestheticism has a great influence on Chinese literary circles. In the 1930s, it went to China,"
The New Moon School
literati
Xu Zhimo
The poem, on the obvious existence of aestheticism color, for Chinese writers
Lu Xun
Lambasted.
Aestheticism regarded the romantic poet
John Keats
And Shelley as a precursor, also under the influence of the pre-Raphaelite. In England, the most prominent representatives of aestheticism are Oscar Wilde and Algernon. Charles.
Swinburne
Both of these people have accepted it
French symbolism
The impact of...
Artists associated with the aesthete movement include James McNeill Whistler and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. Aestheticism has also had an impact on interior design. Aesthetic interior designers like to take
Peacock
Blue and white with feathers
Chinese porcelain
As decoration. The aestheticism movement was inspired by the magazines Punch and Gilbert and
Sullivan
the
operetta
The irony of "Patience."
Chinese modern literary criticism has developed under the influence of western literary trends. Aestheticism not only injects fresh vitality and theoretical passion into modern Chinese literary criticism, but also promotes it
Modern Chinese literature
The diversity of expression form, aesthetic form and aesthetic style.
Chinese literature
The modern transformation of ideas and criticism began in the early 20th century. with
Lin Shu
Et al., translated Western literary works and
Literature and art theory
The continuous emergence of Chinese thought circles and
Circle of literature and art
It was an unprecedented shock to the Chinese literary world, which was eager for the transformation of Chinese literature.
People try to get rid of the inherent traditional fetters and seek a common discourse system in the world. The upsurge in the translation of Western literary works and aesthetic works has promoted the Chinese literary circle's awareness of Western literature and literary theory
Open up on all fronts
. Flock to the West
Literary and artistic thought
and
School of literature
Not only include
romanticism
and
realism
These two traditional schools, but also aestheticism,
symbolism
And the immature ones
expressionism
,
futurism
Let's wait. Since the 1990s, Chinese scholars began to pay attention to aestheticism against May 4th
New literature
However, there is a lack of in-depth and systematic research on the influence of aestheticism on modern Chinese literary criticism. This paper discusses the influence of aestheticism on Chinese modern literary criticism from three aspects: extensive translation, direct use and reasonable absorption.
Chinese modern literary criticism has developed under the influence of western literary trends such as aestheticism. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the influx of various Western literary schools into China
Liang Qichao
Representative of
bourgeoisie
Thinker, using Western literary concepts on China
Traditional literature
The impact, launched the literature reform movement. Although they put forward"
Middle school for the body, western learning for use
The proposition has not fundamentally shaken China
feudalism
The foundation of the old literature, but they carried out "my handwriting and my mouth", "worship the vernacular and discard the classical Chinese" and other advanced literary propositions
Lu Xun
Advocated by"
Take-over doctrine
It emphasized the practicability of literature and accelerated the Chinese literary circle's response to Western literature and literature
Literary theory
The pace of all-round opening-up.
Chinese aestheticism towards the West
translate
The first is Oscar Wilde, the representative of English aestheticism. Zhou Zuoren translated Oscar Wilde's fairy tale
The Happy Prince
", Chen Duxiu for
Su Manshu
The preface to the novel The Crimson Yarn introduces Wilde's play
Salome
As the basic position of the May Fourth new culture, "New Youth" and "New Wave" magazines frequently published Wilde's works and introductions to his life. There is a "Wilde fever" in the modern Chinese literary circle, and almost all of Wilde's plays, poems, novels and theoretical articles have been translated into China. It really shows the aestheticism
Aesthetic thought
The translation of literary theory begins with
Zhu Vicki
He was the first to translate Wilde's The Decay of Lies,
Lin Yutang
Five translations of Wilde's another literary essay, The Critic as an Artist, were published. Since then,
沈泽民
The Commentary on Oscar Wilde (
Fiction monthly
12 Vol. 8, 1921), Wilde by Zhang Wentian and Jiang Fuquan (National Daily)
supplement
Enlightenment, 1922), and
Liang Shiqiu
Wilde's Aestheticism
Discipline of literature
", The Commercial Press, 1928), and so on, the translation and preliminary study of Wilde's aesthetic literary thought has been further advanced. In addition, Walter Pater, a theorist and critic who played a crucial role in the systematization of the English aestheticism theory, is also the focus of attention in the Chinese modern literary world. The first introduction to Pater's literary theory was the Preface to Renaissance Studies (June 1922) translated by Zi Yi, and Guo Moruo wrote the Criticism of Watfet (1923).
Zhang Ding
xanthorph
Petter
His work on the theory of aestheticism, A Study of the Renaissance, was published in the
Sunken bell
"
semimonthly
First issue (August 1926). At the end of the 1920s and the beginning of the 1930s, the introduction of Pate's research deepened and expanded to Pate's creation and
Philosophical thought
. Xiao Shijun wrote "Pei De's Philosophy and Late English Literature" (Supplement of North China Daily, November 24 and 25, 1930).
From Zhou Zuoren's translation of Wilde's fairy tale "The Happy Prince" to the late period of the May Fourth New Culture Movement in about 20 years, the number of Western aestheticism theories and their works translated and commented on has exceeded that of any other Western countries except realism
Schools of literature and art
. Due to the limitation of space, we cannot list the historical facts of the translation and dissemination of Western aestheticism in China, but the extensive translation and rapid dissemination of aestheticism in China laid the foundation for the understanding and understanding of aestheticism in the modern Chinese literary circle, promoted the "direct adoption of aestheticism, foreign as Chinese", and made it possible for us to criticize and absorb aestheticism.
From the point of view of literary concept, the aesthetic view of literature and art derived from Kant's aesthetics is a complex of contradictions, which not only maintains that "aesthetic taste does not involve interests", but also holds that "aesthetic taste does not involve interests".
Beauty of dependency
It cannot but involve purpose, knowledge, and morality, and therefore utility." It emphasizes that "art does not care about reality", and believes that "the more abstract and idealized art is, the more it can reveal the characteristics of The Times to us". The two contradictory aspects of aesthetic literary and art view are respectively discussed by Liang Qichao and Liang Qichao
Wang Guowei
"Just take it and use it for me."
Reform movement
Liang Qichao's basic idea is to promote ideological enlightenment and make up lessons for the reform movement through literature. After his exile in Japan, he was not only exposed to Japanese aestheticism, but also inspired by Japanese political novels. Since then, Liang Qichao has published"
On the relationship between novels and mass governance
", "Xinmin Said", "Translated to Print Political novel Preface" and other articles, gradually formed
utilitarianism
It emphasizes the social education, politics and universality of literature. In a certain sense, Liang Qichao's literary opinion has a certain connection with Kant's view that "the dependence on beauty cannot but involve purpose, cognition and morality, so it involves utility".
Wang Guowei
The literary view is also formed under the influence of western literary trends such as aestheticism, and its theory is directly derived from Kant and
Schopenhauer
It is manifested by the emphasis on literary independence and
Aesthetic function
. Wang Guowei believes: "trustworthy people are not cute, cute people are not trustworthy." "The nature of beauty, in a word: 'cute play but not use also. There is no doubt that this is Kant's "aesthetic without.
Theory of advantages and disadvantages
The Chinese vernacular version. "The great
metaphysics
", strict ethics and pure aesthetics, which we are interested in." Wang Guowei's resonance to "pure aesthetics" shows that he has an unconscious agreement with the western aestheticism from Kant's aesthetics on the basis of philosophy. This makes it possible for Wang Guowei to become an advocate of aestheticism in modern Chinese literary criticism.
A Dream of Red Mansions commentary
Such grand works as "The Spirit of Qu Zi's Literature" laid the foundation for the formation of modern Chinese literary criticism.
From the perspective of literary criticism practice, aestheticism rejects artistic depravity, defends artistic purity and maintains artistic independence. The May Fourth Period was a time of intense collision between Chinese and Western cultures.
Writing in the vernacular
The promotion of the concept of "human literature" and the publicity of the concept of "human literature" have made the concept and criticism of Chinese literature obtain unprecedented modernity. The advocates of new literature view "literature carries Dao" and various kinds
Game literature
To a certain extent, the independence of literature was maintained, but the general interest was concentrated on human thought and concept, which continued the concept of literary enlightenment since the late Qing Dynasty. Chinese scholar-officials "take the world as their own responsibility" strong
Sense of danger
As well as the traditional practical rational spirit, projected on the literary concept, has always been influenced
Modern literature
The development of ideas and criticism.
Aestheticism is the principle of "materialism" and "materialism".
Fashion of The Times
The rebuttal. It uses Kantian aesthetics as a weapon to form a spiritual confrontation with the mediocre and ugly reality.
The main representative figures from the 1880s to the 1840s were poets and painters
Blake
And the poet Keats.
"
pre-Raphaelite
The appearance of "marked the official debut of aestheticism." The pre-Raphaelites advocated a return
Renaissance
Period, Raphael before the kind of simple, simple painting style. The representative figures are poets and painters Rossetti and Peng
Jones
And artists,
Utopian socialism
Morris et al.
Third, the peak stage
Pater's Studies in the History of the Renaissance has been called a manifesto of aestheticism. Pater proposed that the purpose of art is to cultivate people's aesthetic feeling and pursue the enjoyment of beauty, and the meaning of life is to enrich the feeling of beauty as much as possible.
Wilde made aestheticism reach its peak from theory to practice. His masterpieces of aestheticism are novels such as The Picture of Dorian Gray and
One-act play
"
Salome
".
aestheticism
Visual art
Aestheticism has also had an impact on interior design. Aestheticism
Interior designer
We like to
Peacock
Blue and white with feathers
Chinese porcelain
As decoration.
In the UK, it happened in
Victorian age
The latter period lasted roughly from 1868 to 1901.
Design history
Studies often attribute the design trends with similar tendencies that appeared in the United States at the same time to the aesthetic movement.
It is necessary to point out that although aesthetical movement and
The Arts and Crafts Movement
Sometimes they seem to be at odds with each other, but they develop in parallel, and they share the same Victorian era
eclecticism
In the atmosphere, designers often interact with each other and influence each other, sometimes using a common design language. The core idea of the aesthetic movement is that the mission of art is to provide for human beings
perception
Pleasure, rather than sending a moral or emotional message. Therefore, aesthetes refuse to accept it
John Ruskin
The idea that art is linked to morality. They believed that art or other decorations should not have any didactic element, advocating"
Art for art's sake
Infatuated with the pursuit of the pure beauty of transcendence in life, the pursuit of formal beauty and
Artistic skill
. They live
Bohemianism
(
Bohemianism
Life, even poor, also love beauty more than
Love life
. In short, "beauty is the pursuit".
