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Yunju Temple
(Yunju Temple)
, located in
Beijing
Fangshan District
Dashiwo Town
Shuitou Village
Founded in the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties, it was destroyed in the artillery fire of the invading Japanese Army in the thirty-first year of the Republic of China (1942), and only a pair of stone lions and an isolated tower remained, which was rebuilt in the 1980s
[4]
.
Yunju Temple covers an area of about 74 acres, and the buildings are built according to the mountain. All the buildings are divided into three roads: south, middle and north, and the main temples are all concentrated on the central axis. The middle road building has a total of six temples, from the gate of the mountain there are Bilu Hall, Shakya hall, medicine teacher hall, Maituo Hall, Great compassion Hall and the hall of Buddhist Scriptures and Dharma. On both sides of each main hall there are side rooms and side rooms. The main buildings of the south Road include the ancestral Hall and the Dizang Hall. The main building of the North Road is only one thousand Buddha hall, and the rest are used by palaces or temples. There are three groups of palaces, each of which is its own four-part building group, and there are corridors connecting each building in the courtyard
[4-5]
.
March 4, 1961, in the Yunju Temple
Fangshan Yunju Temple pagoda and stone classics
Published by The State Council of the People's Republic of China as
One of the first key cultural relics under national protection
[2]
.
- Chinese name
- Yunju Temple
- Foreign name
- Yunju Temple
- Geographical position
- Shitou village, Dashiwo Town, Fangshan District, Beijing
- Scenic spot level
- AAAA Class
- Floor space
- About 49,000 m²
Liao Tianqing seventh year (1117), the south tower of Yunju Temple was built, because there are Tibetan points next to the tower, so it is also called the pressure tower.
In the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), Yunju Temple was destroyed by the artillery fire of the invading Japanese army, and only a pair of stone lions and the north tower remained
[4]
.
In the 1950s, Yunju Temple began to conduct a comprehensive investigation, excavation, research, sorting and rubbing work on the retained stone scriptures
[5]
.
In the 1980s, Yunju Temple was rebuilt, and new stone classics exhibition rooms and board libraries were built
[4-5]
.
On September 9, 2009, the construction of the south tower of Yunju Temple began.
On September 9, 2014, the reconstruction of the south Pagoda of Yunju Temple was completed
[6]
.
Yunju Temple covers an area of about 74 mu. The building is built according to the mountain, all the buildings are divided into three roads: south, middle and north, and the main temples are all concentrated on the central axis. The middle road building has a total of six temples, from the gate of the mountain there are Bilu Hall, Shakya hall, medicine teacher hall, Maituo Hall, Great compassion Hall and the hall of Buddhist Scriptures and Dharma. On both sides of each main hall, there are side halls and side rooms, forming a group of closed courtyards. Due to the undulating terrain, each courtyard is not above a level. The main buildings of the south Road include the ancestral Hall and the Dizang Hall. The main building of the North Road is only one thousand Buddha hall, and the rest are used by palaces or temples. There are three groups of palaces, each of which is its own four-part building group, and there are corridors connecting each building in the courtyard
[4-5]
.
The pagoda of Yunju Temple is an important part of the temple, and is an indispensable Buddhist cultural building. Within the scope of the Yunju Temple, there are more than ten towers of various types and materials, headed by the south Pagoda and the north pagoda
[4]
.
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North Tower
The North Tower, also known as the Pagoda of relics and the Pagoda of Luohan, is a brick pagoda of Liao Dynasty, which was built during the reign of Tianqing of Liao Dynasty (1111-1120). The height is about 30 meters, the lower plane is octagonal, the base of the bread building relief brick, the tower body is divided into two layers, each layer back eaves have brick carving imitation wood structure dougong, the tower body eight sides dougong door and mullion false window, the center has eight tower columns, the column around the brick steps can be climbed from the lower upper. There is a layer above the tower, which is a round covering bowl, and then a conical nine-fold phase wheel. The highest point is a Baobead-shaped pagoda pagoda. The covering bowl and phase wheel above the tower body seem to have been mended in the Yuan and Ming dynasties
[1]
[4-5]
.
There is a small stone about 3 meters high in each corner of the north tower, the plane is square, the front of the tower body has a pointed arch door, hollow, forming a niche hole, the front of the niche relief Buddha, there are seven levels of stone eaves above the tower, and the outer wall is engraved with the year. They are the second year of Tang Jingyun (711), the first year of Tang Taiji (712), the tenth year of Tang Kaiyuan (722) and the fifteenth year of Tang Kaiyuan (727).
[5]
.
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South tower
The South Tower, originally known as Shakya Buddha's stupa, is an octagonal 11-storey dense eaves brick tower, built in the seventh year of Liao Tianqing (1117), because there are Tibetan sutra points next to the tower, it is also known as the pressure tower. Destroyed in the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942) invading Japanese artillery fire, only the octagonal tower and the incomplete underground palace under the tower
[4]
. The existing pagoda was rebuilt in 2014, because it is the first ancient pagoda to be rebuilt in China, there is no basis and drawings to follow, and it can only be restored to the appearance of the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China (1901-1923), but can not reproduce the original appearance of the Liao Dynasty
[6]
.
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Yunju Temple on the back of the Shijing Mountain, also known as the white belt mountain, is the branch of Taihang Mountain, local commonly known as the small west Heaven. There are nine sutra holes for storing stone sutra plates on the north and south sides of the mountainside. Of the nine holes, eight are closed and contain double-sided engraved stone plates. One of them is open, is also the largest one of the nine holes, named Lei Yin Cave, there are doors and Windows in front of the hole, there are four eight-edged stone columns supporting the roof of the cave, the stone columns are carved with Buddha statues on each side, a total of 1054, so it is called dry Buddha column. The cave is an irregular square about 10 meters on each side, and 146 stone plates originally carved by Master Jingwan are inlaid on the wall of the cave. After the Liao Dynasty and Jin Dynasty, the business of carving sutras continued, and the cave of hiding sutras on the mountain was gradually filled, and the stone sutras carved later were buried in the crypt in the south of Yunju Temple, with a tower built as a symbol. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, someone carved more than ten stone sutras and hid them in a small newly cut hole near Leiyin Cave.
Dong Qichang
Inscribe the word "treasure" on the outside of the hole, and thus it is called the small Xitian nine holes
[5]
.
On October 24, 1999, Yunju Temple opened the Shijingshan ropeway with a length of 830 meters, so that visitors can enjoy the whole picture of Yunju Temple and the natural scenery of Shijingshan
[1]
.
In 1992, Yunju Temple was selected as the "Beijing Tourism World's most" as the temple with the most stone engraved sutras preserved in the world.
[3]
.
In 1997, Yunju Temple was named "Beijing Patriotic Education Base".
[1]
.
From 1994 to 1997, Yunju Temple was rated as "Beijing Civilized Tourist Attraction" for four consecutive years.
[1]
.
In 1999, Yunju Temple won the honorary title of "Beijing Suburban Environmental Construction Demonstration Scenic Spot" and "Beijing Garden-style Unit"
[1]
.
In 2001, Yunju Temple was rated as a national AAAA tourist attraction
[1]
.
In 2001, Yunju Temple passed ISO9001 quality management system and ISO14001 environmental management system certification
[1]
.
On November 15, 2004, Yunju Temple was approved by the Beijing Municipal People's Government as a municipal scenic spot
[1]
.
On November 27, 1981, two red meat relics were discovered in the Leiyin Cave of Yunju Temple, which is the only relic in the world that is collected in the cave rather than enshrined in the tower
Eight places in the western Mountains
The Buddha's tooth,
Famen Temple
The Buddha's finger, and called the "three treasures in the sea"
[1]
.
The stone sutra, paper sutra and wood-block sutra collected in Yunju Temple are known as the "three wonders". "
Stone carving of Buddhist Tripitaka
"First engraved in the Sui Daye years, the monk Jingwan and so on to maintain the law engraved in the stone. The business of carving Sutras went through Sui, Tang, Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and six dynasties, stretching 1,039 years, and engraved 1,122 Buddhist sutras, 3,572 volumes, 14,278 pieces. There are more than 22,000 volumes of paper classics in the collection, which are engraved and copied in the Ming Dynasty, including the southern and northern collections of the Ming Dynasty and the single engraved Buddhist scriptures. And the book"
Generous and broad Buddha and solemn sutra
Written by Zuhui, bhikkhu of Miaolian Temple, who punctured the blood on the tip of the tongue, it is known as the "True Sutra of tongue blood". "
Ryuzang
The original wood Sutta was carved from the eleventh year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty to the third year of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty (1733-1738), with more than 77,000 pieces in existence, which is a collection of Buddhism translated into China in 2000 years. It is the most famous Chinese woodblock book
[1]
.
On March 4, 1961, the pagoda and stone scriptures of Yunju Temple in Fangshan were announced by The State Council of the People's Republic of China as the first batch of national key cultural relics under protection
[2]
.
Yunju Temple is located in Shuitou Village, Dashiwo Town, Fangshan District, Beijing.
Yunju Temple
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Public transportation
Take bus No. F12, F19, F31 in Beijing and get off at Yunjusi Station.
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motoring
Beijing Fangshan District People's Government is about 43.1 km away from Yunju Temple, about 44 minutes by car.
