Luoyang City, referred to as "Luo", ancient name Sacred city , Luoyi County Lorkin, yes Henan Province ; Prefecture-level city , World famous cultural city ^[85-87] , the first batch National historical and cultural city National regional central city, deputy central city of Central Plains City group, important node city of the "Belt and Road", Third-tier city ^[81] The deputy central city and famous tourist city of Henan Province approved by The State Council . ^[31] ^[64] ^[71-72] Located in the west of Henan Province, across The Yellow River Middle and lower reaches north and south, Eastern neighbours The city of Zhengzhou , to the West Sanmenxia City , Minami Yo Pingdingshan City , Nanyang City Connected, north and Jiyuan City , Jiaozuo City It borders a total area of 15,230 square kilometers. ^[50] ^[68] By the end of 2022, Luoyang has jurisdiction over 7 municipal districts, 7 counties and 1 development zone ^[55] ^[73] ; By the end of 2023, the permanent population of Luoyang was 7.079 million. ^[96]

Luoyang is located in the world, because it is located in the Luoshui Yang named , ^[34] ^[55] It has a civilization history of more than 5,000 years, a city history of 4,000 years, and a capital history of 1,500 years Huaxia civilization One of the birthplaces of the Silk Road, the eastern starting point, Sui and Tang Grand Canal The center of... Thirteen dynasties built their capitals here, ^[32] It is the earliest, longest and most dynastic city in China. ^[55] One of the four holy cities in the world, Taoism originated here, Confucianism flourished here, and Buddhism was first passed down here ^[89-92] Luoyang City has Erlitou site , Yanshi Mall site , Eastern Zhou Wangcheng ruins , Han and Wei Luoyang city site , Luoyang city site of Sui and Tang Dynasties Wait for the ruins of the five major capitals, Longmen Grottoes , Grand Canal of China ( Huilocang and Hanjia granary Ruins), Silk Road ( The old city of Han and Wei , Sui and Tang Luoyang city Dingding Gate , Tan Yen Hanhan Valley Pass Ruins) and other 3 items 6 World cultural heritage . ^[55] By the end of 2022, there are 66 A-level tourist attractions in Luoyang. Among them, there are 5 5A scenic spots, 30 4A scenic spots and 26 3A scenic spots . ^[70] ^[75] Luoyang City has been awarded China's outstanding tourist city, ^[1] National garden city, ^[2] National Health City, ^[3] National civilized city and other titles. ^[4]

In 2023, the gross regional product of Luoyang is 548.16 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 3.5% over the previous year. ^[96]

Chinese name: Luoyang City
Foreign name: Luoyang
alias: Pour your wine 鄩 , Xibo County , Luoyi County , Luoyang , Lotin , Jingluo County , Sacred city , Song Jing ^[82] , Los Angeles ^{[94
]}
Administrative category: Prefecture-level city
Subordinate region: Central China
Geographical position: Henan Province The West, The Yellow River Middle and lower reaches
Area product: 15230 km²
Subordinate area: seven Municipal district , 7 county
Government premises: Loronskiy Rayon Kaiyuan Avenue 228

Telephone area code: (+86) 0379
Postal code: 471000
Climatic condition: Temperate monsoon climate
Population number: 7.079 million ^[96] (Permanent population at the end of 2023)
Famous scenic spot: Longmen Grottoes , White Horse Temple , Guan Lin , White Cloud Mountain , Laojun Mountain , Cockscomb Cave , Longtan Grand Canyon
aerodrome: Luoyang North suburb airport
Railway station: Luoyang Railway Station , Luoyang Longmen Railway Station , Luoyang East Railway Station Etc.
License plate code: Yale
Gross regional product: 548.16 billion yuan ^[96] (2023)
prescription: Zhongyuan mandarin - Tarragon tablet - Luoyang dialect ^[5]

catalogue

Historical evolution

broadcast

EDITOR

Ancient times

Turquoise dragon^[61]

About 500, 600, 000 years ago Paleolithic age The ancestors have thrived here.

Neolithic age In the middle reaches of the Yellow River and on the terraces of Yi, Luo, 瀍, Jian and other rivers, there are many clans and tribes distributed, which were found in the area of Luoyang after the founding of New China Sunqitun cultural site , Wangwan site , Short Lee site Nearly 200 settlement sites are the places where people lived and lived at that time.

Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

The Son of Heaven drives six^[59]

Xia Dynasty In the early years, yu draw A surname , Heluo County Belong to the ancient period Yuzhou Ground. Luoyang was the central area of the establishment and activities of the Xia Dynasty. Taikang , Zhong Kang The emperor is all right Pour your wine 鄩 For the city.

1600 BC, Shang Dynasty Set up. Tang of Shang Found a capital Xibo County (About 6 kilometers northeast of Erlitou site).

In 1046 BC, The Western Zhou Dynasty (206 B.C.) After the Yin Dynasty, in order to control the eastern region, began to build a capital in Luoyang. Zhou Gong Built on the north shore of Luoshui Wang Cheng and Cheng Zhoucheng In history, Cheng Wang "first moved to the house in Cheng Zhou", "Ding Ding in the house 鄏"," Taizi China ", had moved Yin stubborn people into Zhou, and to Cheng Zhou eight division Supervise it. At that time, Luoyang was called Luoyi, Xinyi, Dayi, Chengzhou, Tianshi, China, etc., also known as the South of Zhou.

King Ping of Zhou In the first year (770 BC), King Ping of Zhou moved east to Luoyi, which became the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

Qin and Han Dynasties

King Zhuangxiang of Qin In the first year (249 BC), Qin established Sanchuan County in Luoyang, and the county was governed by Zhou City.

Hanwang In the first year (206 BC), Xiang Yu seal Sunyang He was the king of Henan and lived in Luoyang.

Stones of the Eastern Han Dynasty ward off evil spirits^[62]

Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty Five years (202 BC), Liu Bang Jian Han, the initial capital of Luoyang, after the move to Chang 'an, change Sanchuan county for Henan County, governing Luoyang. It has jurisdiction over Luoyang, Henan (Han Zhi, Wang Cheng), Yanshi, Goushi, Ping (northwest of Yanshi), Pingyin (northeast of Mengjin), Xincheng (southwest of Yichuan), Chengcheng (Xinandong) and Gong, Xingyang, Xinzheng, Zhongmou, Kaifeng and other 22 counties. Emperor Wu of Han Set thirteen state department, Henan County belongs to the division.

The Western Han Dynasty (206 B.C.) In the last years, Wang Mang Usurp the government, change Luoyang to Yiyang, set up "new room east capital" and "central city".

Guangwu of the Eastern Han Dynasty Jian Wu Year 1 (25 years), Liu Xiu Make Luoyang the capital, change Luoyang to Luo Yang. Jianwu 15 years (39 years), more Henan county A surname .

In the fifth year of Yonghe (140) of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Yin of Henan "had 208,486 households and one hundred and ten thousand eight hundred and twenty-seven households".

Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

Huang Chu The first year (220) was Emperor Wen of Wei Cao PI Make Luoyang the capital, change Luoyang to Luoyang, set Lieutenant Division .

Clay figurine of Northern Wei Dynasty^[63]

The Western Jin Dynasty (536-597) Taishi The first year (265), The Western Jin Dynasty (536-597) In the Wei Dynasty, Luoyang was still the capital.

The Northern Wei Dynasty (535-544) Too long In two years (436), he set up Luozhou in Luoyang.

The Northern Wei Dynasty (535-544) Supreme harmony Eighteen years (494), 孝文帝 Moved the capital to Luoyang.

Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties

sui Kaihuang County In the first year (581), Tokyo Shangshu Province was established in Luoyang; The following year, Henan Daoxingtai province; Three years, the abolition of the line, led by the director of Luozhou Kushishi; Fourteen years, in Kim Yong City do not place director.

sui Great undertaking Year 1 (605), Emperor Yang of Sui Luoyang, in the east of the city of the king of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, 18 miles west of the old city of Han and Wei, the new Luoyang city. In the same year, changed Luozhou (Eastern Wei changed the state) for Yuzhou, three years and changed Henan County, fourteen years to restore Luozhou, Henan, Luoyang, Yanshi, Gou Shi, Wenxiang, Taolin, Shaanxi, Xiong 'er, Mianchi, Xin 'an, Gong, Yiyang, Shouan, Luhun, Yique, Xingtai, Song Yang, Yangcheng and other 18 counties.

Summer milk nail Lord

The tang dynasty Martial morality Four years (621), set up Luozhou general government, jurisdiction Luozhou, Zhengzhou, Xiong, Guzhou, Guzhou, Yizhou, Ruzhou, Luzhou and other Jiuzhou, Luozhou jurisdiction Luoyang, Henan, Yanshi, Goushi, Gong, Yangcheng, Songyang, Luhun, Yique and other 9 counties.

The tang dynasty View of chastity In the first year (627), the country was divided into ten roads, and Luoyang was a Henan road.

The tang dynasty Hien Khanh In the second year (657), Emperor Gaozong took Luoyang as the capital and set up the eastern capital.

The tang dynasty The New Century In the first year (713), Luozhou was renamed Henan Province. Kaiyuan 21 years (733), in Luoyang set up the capital of Gi Dao.

The tang dynasty Trimble During the year, the East capital was changed to Tokyo. Luozhou, Henan province are governed by Luoyang.

The tang dynasty Mitsutaku Beginning in the first year (684), the eastern capital was transformed into the capital of God, and the capital was expanded and built Hall of enlightenment , the Nations Dubhe Let's wait.

The tang dynasty Tianyou Four years (907), the Tang Dynasty died, and then the Central Plains successively appeared later Liang, later Tang, later Jin, later Han, and later Friday brief dynasties, known as the Five Dynasties. Rear beam , The Later Tang Dynasty , The Later Jin Dynasty All were once capital of Luoyang, Later Han Dynasty , The Later Zhou Dynasty Take Luoyang as A surname .

Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty

The Northern Song Dynasty (960-907) Luoyang as the west capital, set Henan province.

gold In the generation, Luoyang was Zhongjing, Henan Province was changed to Jinchang Prefecture, and Henan County entered Luoyang County.

Since the Yuan Dynasty In the beginning, Luoyang was no longer a capital and was reduced to the government of Henan.

Ming Dynasty Henan Province governs Luoyang, Yanshi, Gong County, Mengjin, Dengfeng, Xin 'an, Mianchi, Yiyang, Yongning, Song county and other 10 counties, is the fiefdom of Yi Wang and Fu Wang.

Qing Dynasty Luoyang remained the government of Henan. ^[34]

Grand gate

Republic of China period

The Republic of China In the first year (1912), the Republic of China was established, and Henan Province was abolished Heluo Road Daoyin office in Luoyang, Luoyang, Yanshi and other 19 counties.

In the ninth year of the Republic of China (1920), Direct warlord Wu Peifu Located in Luoyang, Luoyang set up two lakes Perusal envoy The Office and the headquarters of the Third Army Division. In the twelfth year of the Republic of China (1923), the governor's office of Henan was adapted to Luoyang, and Luoyang became the provincial capital of Henan.

In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), the Japanese army attacked Shanghai, and the Kuomintang government designated Luoyang as the official capital, and once suited to Luo office. " The July 7 Incident "After that, War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression Full blown, ^[26] Most of North China fell, and Luoyang became an anti-Japanese outpost in the North, and the Kuomintang First Theater Commander headquarters was based in Luoyang.

瀍 beggar Zhu Ying^[60]

In the autumn of the 27th year of the Republic of China (1939), the Henan Provincial government moved again to Luo, and Luoyang became the provincial capital of Henan for the second time. In 1944, the Communist Party of China was founded under the leadership of the people Western Henan anti-Japanese base area . ^[24]

After liberation

In 1948, Luoyang was liberated, Luoyang City people's democratic government was established, analysis of Luoyang county city, and Luoyang county juxtaposition.

In December 1949, Luoyang City People's Democratic Government was renamed Luoyang City People The government. ^[34]

Luoyang

Administrative division

broadcast

EDITOR

History of zoning

In May 1950, the Luoyang Suburban District Office was established to administer six townships and Xigong town, namely Tawan, Mapo, Beiyao, Yuejia Village, Xixiaotun and Xiachi.

In November 1951, the four district offices were transformed into four district people's governments. In 1954, it took over the 4th District of Luoyang County (Valley Water District).

2023

In 1954, Luoyang City was upgraded to a municipality directly under the central government of Henan Province, and the municipal government offices were located in the old city Democracy Street.

In 1955, Luoyang County was abolished, part of it was incorporated into Luoyang City, and the rest was divided into Yanshi, Mengjin, Yiyang and other counties. In July of the same year, Jianxi District was established.

In 1956, the old city, Xigong District and suburbs of Luoyang were successively built.

In November 1957, 瀍 Hui Ethnic District was established. ^[23]

In 1982, with the approval of The State Council, the new Jili District was established. In 1983, Xinan, Mengjin, Yanshi transformed into Luoyang City.

In 1986, Luoyang area was abolished, Luoning, Yiyang, Song County, Luanchuan, Ruyang, Yichuan also changed to Luoyang City. In 1993, Yanshi County was renamed Yanshi City. In June 2000, with the approval of The State Council, Luoyang suburb was renamed Luolong District.

In March 2021, The State Council approved and agreed to revoke the county-level Yanshi City and set up Luoyang City Yanshi District Take the administrative area of Yanshi City as the administrative area of Yanshi District, Yanshi District people's government in Huaixin Street Minda Road No. 27; Mengjin County and Jili District of Luoyang City were abolished and Luoyang City was established Mengjin district The administrative area of the former Mengjin County and Jili District is the administrative area of Mengjin District, and the people's government of Mengjin District is stationed in Chengguan Town GUI 328 Flower Avenue. ^[22] ^[34]

Zoning details

As of 2022, Luoyang Municipality has jurisdiction over 7 municipal districts, 7 counties and 1 development zone, and Luoyang Municipal People's Government is located at 228 Kaiyuan Avenue, Luolong District . ^[73]

List of Administrative divisions of Luoyang City (as of 2022)
jurisdiction	area (square kilometers)	Government premises	Subordinate area
Jianxi District	90	Tianjin road subdistrict	Tianjin road subdistrict , Xujiaying Street , Yingzhou Street , Xindan Street , Changchun road street , Zhujiang Road street , Nanchang road street , Hubei road subdistrict , Chongqing Road street , Chang 'an Road Street , Zhoushan Road street , Zhengzhou Road subdistrict , Wuhan road subdistrict , Street of workers and peasants
Xigong District	56	Tanggong Road street	Tanggong Road street , Wangcheng Road Street , Golden Valley Garden Street , Xigong Street , Mangling Road street , Hantun Road street , East Triumph Road Street , Luobei Street , Hongshan Street
Old town	56.7	Xiguan street	Xiguan street , Southwest corner street , Northwest corner street , Southeast corner street , Dongbei street , Nanguan street , Lope Street , Mangshan Street , Dao Bei Road Street
瀍 He Hui Nationality District	34.8	Dongguan Street	Dongguan Street , Beiyao street , 瀍 West Street , Five strands street , Ta Wan Street , Yangwen street , Hualin Street , Baima Temple town , 瀍 He Hui nationality township
Loronskiy Rayon	244	Kaiyuan Road street	Kaiyuan Road street , Longmen Grottoes Street , Guanlin street , Taikang East Road street , Ancient city street , Science park street , Cuiyun Road Street , Longmen Street , Xuefu street , Dingdingmen street , Li Lou street , An Le street , Fengli Street , Kedian town , Zhuge Town , Licun Town , Pangcun Town , Dianzhuang Town
Yanshi District	668.58	Huaixin street ^[22]	Huaixin street , Mall street , Shouyangshan Street , Ilo Street , Zhai Zhenzhen , Yuetan Town , Gu County , Goushi Town , Fudian town , Gaolong Town , Shanhua Town , Mangling Town , Koukou Town
Mengjin district	838	Chengguan Town ^[22]	Xixiawan Street , Kangle street , Jili Street , Heyang Street , Chengguan Town , Huimeng Town , Pingle Town , Suizhuang Town , Baihe Town , Chaoyang Town , Xiaolangdi Town , Matun Town , Hengshui Town , Changbagu Town
Xin 'an County	1160	Hanguan street	Hanguan street , Shishi Town , Wutou Town , Cijian Town , Tiemen Town , South Li Village town , Beiye Town , Cangtou Town , Zhengcun Town , Ishii , Qingyao Mountain town
Yiyang county	1616 ^[57]	Xingyi Street ^[58]	Xingyi Street , Liuquan Town , Hancheng Town , Baiyang Town , Xianglu Mountain town , 锦屏镇 , Sanxiang Township , Zhangwu Town , Lianzhuang Town , Fancun Town , Gao Cun Town , Zhao Baozhen , Yanzhen township , Huaguashan township , Shangguan township , Dong Wangzhuang Township
Yichuan county	1243	Chengguan street	Chengguan street , Riverside street , Shuizhai Town , Minggao Town , Pengpo Town , Baisha Town , Jiangzuo Town , Gao Shan Town , Ludian town , Banpo Town , drunkenness , Crow Ridge , Gezhai Town , Baiyuan Town , Binh Yeung Township ^[25]
Luoning county	2306	Yongning street	Yongning street , Verkhnyaya , Xianyu Town , Riverbottom , Xinghua town , Dongsong Town , Madian town , Guxian Town , Zhaocun Town , Changshui Town , Jingyang Town , Wang Fan Hui nationality town , suburbs , Xiaojie township , Luoling township , Tichang township , Chenwu township , Jiankou township
Songxian County	3008	Chengguan Town	Chengguan Town , Tianhu Town , Car village , Jiu County Town , Yanzhuang Town , Deting Town , Dazhang Town , Baihe Town , Jirong Town , Fanpo Town , Jiugao Town , Luhun Town , Daping township , He Cun Township , Huangzhuang township , Wood plant street township
Luanchuan county	2478	Geng xin street	Geng xin street , Chitudian Town , Heyu Town , Tantou Town , Sanchuan Town , Coldwater , Taowan Town , Shimiao Town , Miaozi Town , Shizimiao town , Baitu Town , Qiahe Town , Luanchuan township , Qiubing township , Chongdugou eco-tourism demonstration zone
Ruyang county	1309	Chengguan Town	Chengguan Town , Shangdian town , Fudian town , Xiaodian Town , Santun Town , Lioudian , Neibu Town , Taoying Town , Baishu township , Shiba pan township , Jin Cun township , Wangping township , Caidian township , Daan Industrial Park
Reference materials: ^[73]

Geographical environment

broadcast

EDITOR

Location boundary

Luoyang City is located in the west of Henan Province, across the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, located between 112°16'-112°37' east longitude, 34°32'-34°45' north latitude, about 179 kilometers long from east to west, about 168 kilometers wide from north to south. Eastern neighbours The city of Zhengzhou , to the West Sanmenxia City , Minami Yo Pingdingshan City , Nanyang City Connected, north and Jiyuan City , Jiaozuo City Bordering, the total area is 15,200 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 2,274 square kilometers . ^[55] ^[68]

洛阳位于中国第二阶梯与第三阶梯交界带，西依 Qinling Mountains Songyue in the east, Taihang in the north, across the ground The Yellow River , Huaihe River , Yangtse River There are three major river basins, Yi, Luo, 瀍, Jian and Huang five rivers, among which the Yellow River basin covers an area of 12,446.1 square kilometers, accounting for 81.8% of the total area of the city. Since ancient times, there has been a saying that "rivers and mountains are armor-clad and invincible in the world". ^[55]

Luoyang City

landform

The terrain of Luoyang city is high in the west and low in the east, and the terrain is complex, including 45.51% mountains, 40.73% hills and 13.8% plains. Mangshan Mountain (in Henan Province) , Chongyongsan , Jingzi Mountain , Zhou Son , Sakurama, Longmen Mountains , Fragrant Hills, Wan Ansan , Suyangsan Songshan Mountain and many other mountains.

Luoyang City is located in the western Henan Province and the East Qinling Fold system. It is high in the west and low in the east. There are four major crest mountains, the Funiu Mountains, the Waifang Mountains, the Xionger Mountains and the Xiaoshan Mountains. The Funiu Mountain crosses the south from the southwest, the Waifang Mountain forms the southeastern barrier, the Xiong 'er Mountain crosses the middle from the southwest to the northeast, and the Xiaoshan Mountain lies in the west. Funiu Mountain 1500-2000 meters above sea level; Outer mountains It is a branch of Funiu Mountain, 600-1000 meters above sea level; Xiong 'er Mountain 1500-2000 meters above sea level, the watershed of the Yi and Luo rivers; Crest Mountain 1200-1800 meters above sea level, the highest point in the territory is the main peak of Funiu Mountain at 2212.5 meters above sea level Laojun Mountain . ^[74]

Luoyang^[56]

climate

Luoyang City is a warm temperate continental monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 12.2-24.6℃, frost-free period of more than 210 days, annual precipitation of 528-800 mm, annual sunshine of 2200-2300 hours, and annual humidity of 60-70%. The main natural disasters are drought, waterlogging, hail, heavy rain, dry hot air and so on.

hydrology

The main rivers in Luoyang City are The Yellow River , Luohe River , Yi River , Jianhe , Ruhe River Let's wait. The Yellow River is the northern boundary river, with a transit length of 97 kilometers; The Luo River is 200 km long; The Yi River originates from the southern border of Luanchuan County Funiu Mountain District, in Yanshi into the Luo River, a transit length of 175.3 kilometers. The main rivers in the territory belong to the Yellow River basin, and the Laogan River and the Bai River, which originate from the Funiu Mountain, belong to the Yangtze River Department. ^[74]

soil

There are 2 major categories and 5 subcategories of soil in Luoyang. The brown loam is distributed in the mountains above the altitude of 800-1000 meters, mainly growing deciduous forest. The distribution area of brown soil is the largest, which is found in all counties. The tidal soil is distributed in the river flat area. Shajiang black soil is small in the northeast of Ruyang County. The area of aeolian sand is very small at the mouth of the Yellow River bank.

Ming Tang Paradise scenic spot

Natural resources

broadcast

EDITOR

Water resources

Luoyang Yellow River

There are different types of reservoirs in large, large, medium and small rivers in Luoyang. The annual average (1980-1999) total water resources of Luoyang City is 2.81 billion cubic meters, of which 2.627 billion cubic meters are surface water resources, 1.679 billion cubic meters are groundwater resources, and 1.496 billion cubic meters are repeated calculations. The average water production scale of Luoyang City is 185,300 cubic meters/square kilometers, of which Mengjin County has the smallest water production modulus, only 106,100 cubic meters/square kilometers, and Luanchuan County has the largest water production modulus of 260,700 cubic meters/square kilometers.

Plant resources

Peony of luoyang

There are 4,373,800 mu of forest land in Luoyang. There are 831 species of woody plants in 85 families, 252 genera, accounting for 69.3% of Henan Province. Among them, 64 species of plants are protected by the state and Henan Province, accounting for 70% of Henan Province.

The forest resources of Luoyang are mainly chemical raw material plants, medicinal plants, oil plants, starch plants and wild fruit plants, and there are many ancient trees in Luoyang. According to statistics, there are 49 kinds of trees more than 100 years old, more than 2,000 trees, including 12 ancient tree groups, more than 20,000 trees scattered nearly 1,000 trees.

Animal resources

The main pulse of Funiu Mountain, which is the dividing line between Palaearctic Realm and Oriental realm in the zoogeographical division of the world, is under the jurisdiction of Luoyang City. The distribution area of animal resources is the largest in the north of the boundary line, and the dominant species of birds and animals are fox, Wolf, leopard, cat, badger, Huangrong, cockerel, ringneck, peacock, Falconiformes and Strigeformes, among which birds are mainly concentrated in the tidal wetlands along the Yellow River in Xin 'an, Mengjin and Jili counties. Birds are abundant south of the line. Leopard, sika deer, big civet cat, black crane, starling, bamboo green snake have a small distribution, green sheep, Sumenbok, golden eagle, red belly chicken, great soul, fox, badger, mink, cat, leopard deer and other economic birds and animals are more than the north of the boundary line. Luoyang City has 365 species of wild land vertebrates (another 9 subspecies), accounting for 15.89% of the country's wild land vertebrates, accounting for 77.2% of Henan Province. Among them, 12 species are under first-class national wildlife protection and 58 species are under second-class national wildlife protection, accounting for 78.65% of the total number of wild animals under national wildlife protection. There are more than 30 species of key wildlife protection animals in Henan Province, accounting for 83.33% of the key wildlife protection animals in Henan Province.

Mineral resources

Luoyang city is rich in underground resources. There are coal, iron, lead, gold, silver, aluminum, molybdenum, copper, tungsten, zinc, manganese, diamond, nickel, potassium, uranium, titanium, gallium, quartz stone, asbestos, gypsum, limestone, quartz, crystal, vermiculite, barite, calcite, diamond, plum jade, sulfur, phosphate rock, mica, refractory leadsoil, refractory stone, marble, pumice, cast stone, bluesite, dolomite, florite, potassium feldspar, etc. 4 More than 0 species.

Laojun Mountain

population

broadcast

EDITOR

Population number

By the end of 2023, the permanent population of Luoyang was 7.079 million, of which 4.773 million were urban permanent residents, and the urbanization rate of permanent residents was 67.42%, an increase of 0.94 percentage points over the end of the previous year. There were 51,000 births in the city, with a birth rate of 7.20‰. 55,000 people died, with a mortality rate of 7.77‰. The natural growth rate is -0.57‰. ^[96]

The permanent population of Luoyang City (2017-2022) changed

Reference sources: ^[70] ^[76-80]

Ethnic composition

Luoyang City is a multi-ethnic settlement; Luoyang has a total of 45 ethnic groups, of which the Han population accounts for 98.8% of the total population of Luoyang, and other ethnic minorities account for 1.2% of the total population of Luoyang, of which more than 1000 people are ethnic groups The Hui nationality , Manchu and The Mongolian nationality . Ethnic minorities The Hui nationality Mainly, nearly 60,000 people, accounting for more than 80% of the minority population.

Longmen Grottoes

political

broadcast

EDITOR

List of current Party and Government Leaders in Luoyang (as of March 2024)
Luoyang City Committee of the Communist Party of China	secretary	Jiang Ling ^[36]
	Deputy secretary	Xu Yixian , Yang Xiao ^[97-98]
	Member of the Standing Committee of the Municipal Committee	Wang Jun , Qi Jianfeng , Zhang Yujie , Wang Sen , Hanzhi group , Xu Chaowen , Chen Gong ^[99]
Luoyang City People's Congress Standing Committee	DIRECTOR	Li Baoguo ^[53]
	Deputy director	Lei Xueqin , Xu Xin , An Yingfang , Yang Shaochun , Zong Guoming , Zhao Li , Xia Lei ^[53]
	Secretary general	Li Shujie ^[53]
Luoyang Municipal People's Government	mayor	Xu Yixian ^[35] ^[46]
	Deputy mayor	Zhang Yujie , Ren Lijun , Sword of Chu State , Hanzhi group , Li Xinhong , Niu Gang , Wang Guohui , Li Gang ^[27] ^[35] ^[39] ^[45] ^{48 - [49]} ^[52] ^[54] ^[69] ^[83] ^[93]
	Secretary general	Yuan Jian ^[28] ^[49] ^[67]
Luoyang City Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference	chairman	Sun Yanwen
	vice-chairman	Chen Shuxin , Wei Xianfeng , Cheng Xiangchao , Zhang Yimin , Zhang Hanzhi , Zong Yuhong , Wang Yanfei , Tong Yupeng , Wang Shuxia , He Wuzhou , Zhao Zhenfeng ^[88]
	Secretary general	Rock vibration ^[51]

economy

broadcast

EDITOR

summarize

In 2023, the gross regional product of Luoyang is 548.16 billion yuan, calculated at comparable prices, an increase of 3.5% over the previous year. The value added of the primary industry was 21.41 billion yuan, up by 1.7%; The added value of the secondary industry was 213.09 billion yuan, up by 1.6%; The added value of the tertiary industry was 312.85 billion yuan, up by 5.1%. The three industrial structure is 3.9:39.0:57.1. Per capita GDP was 77,434 yuan, an increase of 3.4%. ^[96]

Change of the gross regional product of Luoyang City (2017-2022)

Reference sources: ^[70] ^[76-80]

In 2023, the general public budget revenue of Luoyang City was 40.43 billion yuan, an increase of 1.5% over the previous year, of which the tax revenue was 26.56 billion yuan, an increase of 2.8%, and the proportion of tax revenue in the general public budget revenue was 65.7%. Expenditure in the general public budget reached 66.70 billion yuan, up 6.1%, of which 49.13 billion yuan was spent on people's livelihood, accounting for 73.7% of the total. ^[96]

In 2023, the consumer price of Luoyang residents decreased by 0.2% over the same period last year. In December, the consumer prices were unchanged from the same month last year, among which the prices of non-food, tobacco and alcohol increased by 0.5%, the prices of consumer goods decreased by 1.2% and the prices of service items increased by 2.1%.

In 2023, the per capita disposable income of Luoyang residents is 33,662 yuan, an increase of 6.6% over the previous year; The per capita consumption expenditure was 24,193 yuan, an increase of 8.9%. The per capita disposable income of urban residents was 45,727 yuan, up by 4.8%; The per capita consumption expenditure of urban residents was 31,573 yuan, an increase of 8.2%. The per capita disposable income of rural residents was 19,734 yuan, an increase of 7.8%; The per capita consumption expenditure of rural residents was 15,673 yuan, an increase of 7.9%. ^[96]

Primary industry

2023, Luoyang City grain The planting area is 7.448 million mu. Among them, the wheat planting area is 3.477 million mu, and the corn planting area is 2.917 million mu. The annual planting area of oil is 656,000 mu, the planting area of vegetables is 1,022,000 mu, and the planting area of cotton is 10,000 mu.

2023, Luoyang City grain Output was 2.415 million tons, down 1.7 percent. Among them, the output of summer grain was 1.146 million tons, down 6.4%; The output of autumn grain was 1.269 million tons, an increase of 3.1%; Wheat output was 1.146 million tons, down 6.4%; The output of corn was 971,000 tons, up 3.4%. Oil production 143,000 tons, an increase of 1.8%; Tobacco output was 47,000 tons, down 5.9%; The output of vegetables was 2.75 million tons, up 1.5%; The output of edible fungi was 116,000 tons, an increase of 3.3%; Fruit output was 1.195 million tons, up 3.2%; The output of Chinese medicinal materials was 116,000 tons, an increase of 7.6%. ^[96]

In 2023, the output of pig, beef and mutton in Luoyang was 185,000 tons, an increase of 4.6%; Milk production was 177,000 tons, up 8.7%; At the end of the year, the stock of live pigs was 1.344 million, down 8.4%; The number of live pigs sold was 1.87 million, down 0.2%. At the end of the year, the cattle inventory was 336,000, an increase of 11.0 percent; 160,000 head of cattle were corralled, an increase of 0.1%. At the end of the year, the poultry inventory was 23.99 million, down by 4.0%; The number of poultry sold was 24.380 million, down 28.3 percent. At the end of the year, the total power of agricultural machinery was 5.41 million kilowatts, and the annual electricity consumption of the primary industry was 430 million kilowatt-hours, and the domestic electricity consumption of rural residents was 2.52 billion kilowatt-hours. ^[96]

Secondary industry

In 2023, the industrial added value of Luoyang was 175.16 billion yuan, an increase of 1.3% over the previous year. The value added of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 0.2 percent. Among industries above designated size, the added value of state-owned enterprises increased by 2.3% according to economic type. Collective enterprises fell by 25.5%; Joint-stock enterprises increased by 3.6%, and enterprises invested by foreign investors and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan enterprises increased by 3.0%. By sector, the value added of mining fell by 6.7 per cent, manufacturing by 2.2 per cent, and electricity, heat, gas and water production and supply by 4.2 per cent. By key industries, the added value of the equipment manufacturing industry increased by 8.5%, accounting for 21.9% of industries above designated size; The six high-growth manufacturing industries grew by 9.1%, accounting for 27.7% of the above-designated industries. High-tech industries grew by 1.5%, accounting for 46.8% of industries above designated size. Strategic emerging industries of industry grew by 10.2%, accounting for 12.6% of industries above designated size. High-tech manufacturing fell by 1.9%, accounting for 3.0% of all industries above designated size. High-energy-consuming industries fell by 1.3 percent, accounting for 40.9 percent of industries above designated size. The sales rate of industrial products above designated size in the whole year was 99.2%. ^[96]

In 2023, the added value of the construction industry in Luoyang was 39.38 billion yuan, an increase of 3.0% over the previous year. The total output value of the construction industry was 79.14 billion yuan, an increase of 8.8% over the previous year. There were 734 qualified construction enterprises, an increase of 8.6% over the previous year.

Luoyang^[56]

Tertiary industry

In 2023, the added value of wholesale and retail industry in Luoyang is 52.23 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1%. The value added of transportation, warehousing and postal services was 39.48 billion yuan, up by 9.4%; The added value of the accommodation and catering industry was 9.61 billion yuan, up by 6.2%; The added value of the financial industry was 30.93 billion yuan, up by 5.0%; The added value of the real estate industry was 30.08 billion yuan, down 2.4%; The added value of information transmission, software and information technology services was 21.22 billion yuan, up by 12.0%. The operating income of service enterprises above designated size in the year was 55.31 billion yuan, up 14.7 percent year on year. ^[96]

In 2023, the total volume of post and telecommunications business in Luoyang was 12.01 billion yuan, an increase of 17.5% over the previous year. Among them, the total business of the postal industry was 3.99 billion yuan, up by 11.7 percent; The total volume of telecommunications business reached 8.02 billion yuan, up by 18.6 percent.

In 2023, Luoyang fixed asset investment (excluding rural households, the same below) fell 7.5% from the previous year. By industry, investment in the primary industry decreased by 5.4%, that in the secondary industry decreased by 22.6%, and that in the tertiary industry increased by 0.2%. By sector, private investment fell 17.6 percent, infrastructure investment fell 3.2 percent, and industrial investment fell 22.7 percent. ^[96]

In 2023, the investment in real estate development in Luoyang City was 28.68 billion yuan, down 6.9% from the previous year, of which the investment in residential housing was 25.58 billion yuan, down 4.7%. The sales area of commercial housing was 4.618 million square meters, down 8.3%; The sales volume of commercial housing was 33.22 billion yuan, down 7.8%.

In 2023, the total retail sales of consumer goods in Luoyang totaled 245.43 billion yuan, an increase of 7.0% over the previous year. The retail sales in urban areas were 215.29 billion yuan, up by 8.1%; Retail sales in rural areas were 30.14 billion yuan, down 0.5%. Divided by consumption types, the income of catering industry was 34.05 billion yuan, up by 6.9%; Retail sales of commodities reached 211.38 billion yuan, up by 7.0%. By industry, the retail sales of wholesale and retail trade were 211.27 billion yuan, up by 7.0%; The retail sales of accommodation and catering industry reached 34.16 billion yuan, up by 6.7%. In the retail sales of wholesale and retail enterprises above designated size, grain, oil and food products increased by 7.2%, beverages by 13.4%, tobacco and alcohol by 6.0%, clothing, footwear, hats and textiles by 4.1%, cosmetics by 10.1%, daily necessities by 61.2%, and household appliances and audio-visual equipment by 17.6%. Chinese and Western medicines decreased by 2.6%, cultural office supplies increased by 18.5%, furniture decreased by 2.8%, petroleum and products increased by 18.2%, automobiles increased by 6.4%, sports and entertainment supplies decreased by 20.3%, and gold, silver and jewelry increased by 6.1%. ^[96]

Total retail sales of consumer goods 2017-2022

In 2023, the total import and export value of Luoyang is 24.0 billion yuan, an increase of 14.7% over the previous year. Among them, the total export value was 19.41 billion yuan, up by 10.7%; The total value of imports was 4.59 billion yuan, up by 35.2%.

At the end of 2023, the deposit balance of local and foreign currencies of financial institutions in Luoyang was 783.32 billion yuan, an increase of 46.86 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. The outstanding loans in local and foreign currencies of financial institutions reached 6910.1 billion yuan, an increase of 64.08 billion yuan over the beginning of the year. ^[96]

By the end of 2023, there are 198 financial institutions such as banks, insurance, securities, futures, financing guarantee institutions, small loan companies, pawn shops, financial leasing companies, financial leasing and finance companies in Luoyang. At the end of the year, there were 15 listed companies and 18 issued stocks. There are 22 listed enterprises on the "New Third Board" and 644 listed enterprises on the Central Plains Equity Trading Center (fourth board).

In 2023, the insurance premium income of Luoyang insurance company is 17.79 billion yuan, of which 3.92 billion yuan is property insurance and 13.86 billion yuan is life insurance. The total compensation for the year was 5.70 billion yuan.

In 2023, Luoyang received 140 million domestic and foreign tourists, an increase of 67.7 percent over the previous year. Total tourism revenue was 104.17 billion yuan, up by 72.2%. ^[96]

Luoyang^[59]

Social undertaking

broadcast

EDITOR

Science and technology

By the end of 2023, there were 171 enterprise technology centers above the provincial level in Luoyang, of which 17 were national. 117 engineering laboratories (engineering research centers) above the provincial level, including 7 at the national level; There are 363 engineering and technology research centers above the provincial level, of which 2 are national; There are 25 provincial key laboratories. A total of 12,123 patents were granted throughout the year. By the end of the year, 12,672 invention patents were in force, an increase of 18.8 percent over the previous year. Last year, 1,688 technology contracts were signed, with a turnover of 14.54 billion yuan. ^[96]

Educational cause

In 2023, there will be 9 colleges and universities in Luoyang, with 72,000 students, 212,000 students and 69,000 graduates. There are 83 regular high schools with 53,000 students, 156,000 students and 50,000 graduates. There are 314 junior middle schools, with an enrollment of 100,000 students, 301,000 students and 93,000 graduates. There are 759 primary schools, with 103,000 students, 621,000 students and 10.1 graduates. There are 241,000 children in kindergartens. There are 35 regular secondary specialized schools, with 29,000 students and 91,000 students. Special education school enrollment of 396 students, 2,195 students. ^[96]

Overview of education in Luoyang City
Institutions of higher learning	Establishment time	level	Nature of running a school	Competent department
School of Foreign Languages, National University of Defense Technology, PLA ^[95]	The year 1931	Ben - Shuo - Bo	government-run	-
Henan University of Science and Technology	The year 1952	Ben - Shuo - Bo		Henan Provincial People's Government, National Defense Science, Technology and Industry Commission
Luoyang Campus of Zhengzhou University ^[42]	The year 2021	Ben - Shuo - Bo		Ministry of Education, Henan Provincial People's Government
China Civil Aviation Flight College Luoyang branch	The year 1963	Ben-Shuo		Civil Aviation Administration of China
Luoyang Normal University	1916	Ben-Shuo		Henan Provincial People's Government
Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Luoyang campus ^[40]	1958	Ben - Shuo - Bo		Henan Provincial People's Government, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Luoyang Institute of Technology	The year 1956	Undergraduate course		Henan Provincial People's Government
Henan Police College (Luoyang)	The year 1949	Undergraduate course		Henan Provincial Public Security Department
Luoyang Vocational and Technical College	The year 1959	Junior college		Luoyang Municipal People's Government
Luoyang Cultural tourism vocational College ^[41]	The year 2021	Junior college		-
Henan Vocational College of Massage	The year 1959	Junior college		Henan Provincial Civil Affairs Department
Henan Forestry Vocational College	The year 1951	Junior college		Forestry Department of Henan Province
Henan Agricultural Vocational College (Luoyang Branch)	The year 1956	Junior college		Department of Agriculture of Henan Province
Luoyang Science and Technology Vocational College	The year 2013	Junior college	civilian-run	Henan Provincial Department of Education

Dingding Gate

Cultural undertaking

By the end of 2023, Luoyang has 14 public art performance groups, 15 cultural centers, 15 public libraries and 102 museums. There are 51 key cultural relics under national protection and 146 under provincial protection. The city has a total of 9 national intangible cultural heritage list. By the end of the year, there will be 10 TV transmitting stations and broadcasting stations of more than one kilowatt. The city's broadcasting population coverage of 99.0%, television coverage of 99.2%. The weekly broadcast time of municipal TV station is 501.5 hours, and the daily broadcast time of municipal radio station is 71.9 hours. By the end of 2023, there are 67 A-level tourist attractions. Among them, there are 5 5A level scenic spots, 30 4A level scenic spots, 27 3A level scenic spots and 5 2A level scenic spots. By the end of the year, there were 42 star-rated hotels and 145 international and domestic travel agencies. ^[96]

Luoyang City History and culture Museum
Luoyang Museum	Thousand Tang Zhizhai Museum	Zhou King City Tianzi Jia six museum	Luoyang Zhougong Temple Museum (Luoyang Capital Museum)
Laozi Memorial Hall in Luoyang	Luoyang Folk Museum	Luoyang Ancient Art Museum	Luoyang Sui and Tang Grand Canal Museum	Guan Lin
Cao Xiu Tomb Museum	Yanshi Mall Museum	Dingdingmen Site Museum	Memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army Office in Los Angeles	Longmen Museum

Luoyang Museum of Natural Science
Luoyang Geological Museum	Luoyang water Conservancy Museum	Luoyang Longmen Aquarium	Luoyang Animation Museum	Luanchuan Geological Museum

Luoyang thematic Museum
Luoyang Peony porcelain Museum	Luoyang Tri-color Art Museum	Luoyang plaque Museum	Luoyang Zhou silverware Museum	Luoyang Tang art Museum of gold and silver
Luoyang Weiqi Museum	Luoyang Station Museum	Luoyang tablet rubbings Museum	Luoyang stone writing Museum	Luoyang Heluo Stone Cultural Museum
Luoyang Police Museum	Luoyang Insurance Culture Museum	Luoyang love calligraphy museum	Luoyang Heluo Stone Cultural Museum	Luoyang old Longmen farm museum
Luoyang Diary Museum	Dongfanghong Farming Museum	Song county Songzhou ancient lamp museum	Luoyang old Luoyang Food Museum	Luoyang really different water seat museum
Luoyang Heluo Stone Cultural Museum		Luoyang Heluo contemporary stele Forest Museum		Luanchuan Stone Museum
Luozhai Art Museum, Luoyang		Luoyang Ming and Qing Mahogany furniture museum		-

Luoyang Opera Troupe
Luoyang Yu Opera Troupe	Luoyang Opera Troupe	Luoyang Yanshi Opera Troupe	Luoyang Yanshi Yu Opera Troupe	Luoyang Youth Opera Troupe
Luoyang Li Tianfang Opera Troupe	Luoyang Little Queen Opera troupe	Luoyang Ruyang Opera Troupe	Luoyang city Jiudu opera troupe	Luoyang Peony Opera troupe
Luoyang Starlight Opera troupe	Luoyang Ma Xiaoqi opera troupe	-	-	-

On October 19, 2020, the Third World Ancient Capitals Forum and Summer Culture International Academic Seminar opened in Luoyang. ^[38]

Ying Tianmen

Medical and health care

By the end of 2023, there were 4,985 health institutions with 57,848 beds in Luoyang. Among them, 316 hospitals and health centers have 54,229 beds. There are 15 health and epidemic prevention institutions and 15 maternal and child health institutions. By the end of the year, there were 66,930 health technicians, including 26,067 medical practitioners and assistant medical practitioners, and 31,025 registered nurses. There were 1,353 personnel in health and epidemic prevention agencies and 3,864 personnel in maternity and child health agencies. There are 153 health centers in rural townships (towns) with 11,456 beds and 7,410 health technicians. ^[96]

Social security

Luoyang Citizen's Home^[56]

In 2023, there will be 108,000 new urban employment in Luoyang, 20,000 unemployed people re-employed, 8,000 people with employment difficulties employed, and 53,000 new rural labor transfer jobs.

By the end of 2023, the number of people participating in the basic pension insurance for urban workers (including retirees) in Luoyang was 1.88 million, and the number of people participating in the basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents was 3.287 million. A total of 6.628 million people participated in basic medical insurance, including 1.325 million urban workers (including retirees). A total of 790,000 people participated in unemployment insurance, and 11,000 people received unemployment insurance benefits at the end of the year. Some 86,000 people were covered by work-related injury insurance. 779,000 people participated in maternity insurance. ^[96]

Sports cause

By the end of 2023, there were 20,507 sports venues in Luoyang, with an area of 18.27 million square meters. A total of 120 games and various sports competitions were held in the city, with 48,000 athletes participating. The athletes won 59 MEDALS at or above the provincial level in various sports competitions at home and abroad. Among them, 23 gold MEDALS, 10 silver MEDALS and 26 bronze MEDALS.

Environmental protection

In 2023, the comprehensive energy consumption of large-scale industries in Luoyang increased by 3.9% over the previous year, and the energy consumption of 10,000 yuan added value of large-scale industries increased by 3.7%. The city's ecological environment quality continued to improve, PM10 concentration 74μg/m3, PM2.5 concentration 46μg/m3, good days for 246 days, the standard rate of 67.4%, the city's national examination, provincial examination surface water section water quality standard rate of 100%, centralized drinking water source water quality standard rate of 100%, The city's rural domestic sewage treatment rate reached 70.07%, and the safe utilization rate of agricultural land and construction land remained 100%. By the end of 2023, there will be 4 nature reserves, including 2 national nature reserves. There are 14 forest parks, including 6 national forest parks. ^[96]

Longyu Bay National Forest Park

transportation

broadcast

EDITOR

summarize

Luoyang Longmen Railway Station

In 2023, the road cargo transport volume of Luoyang was 180 million tons, an increase of 27.6% over the previous year; Highway cargo turnover was 38.05 billion tonne-kilometers, up 9.6%. The volume of road passenger transport was 33.923 million, up 114.9%; Highway passenger transport turnover was 1.20 billion passenger-kilometers, an increase of 206.6%. Airport passenger throughput was 1.207 million, up 72.8%; Cargo throughput at the airport was 755.9 tons, an increase of 61.5%. By the end of the year, the number of motor vehicles in the city was 1.583 million, including 907,000 cars. ^[96]

aviation

Luoyang Beijiao Airport began construction in 1986, and was officially opened to traffic on September 26, 1987. In 2008, the renovation and expansion project of Luoyang Beijiao Airport was started, and the new terminal building was put into operation in April 2010, with a new terminal area of 14,800 square meters. In 2016, Luoyang Beijiao Airport added three new parking stands and de-icing platform into use, the total area of the apron reached 62,580 square meters. In 2018, the passenger throughput of Luoyang Beijiao Airport was 1.3151 million, an increase of 48.72%. The cargo throughput was 1339.13 tons, down 8.81% year-on-year. ^[11-12]

railway

Overview of Luoyang railway
Main railway line	type	Railway station
The Loo Train	The International railway	Luoyang Railway Station	-	-	-
Longhai Railway	Pu Railway	Luoyang Railway Station	Luoyang East Railway Station	Luoyang West Railway Station	Luoyang North Railway Station
Jiaoliu railway		Guanlin railway station	-	-	Luoyang North Railway Station
Sanyo Railway		Luoning	Luoyang Yiyang City	Luoyang Yichuan County	Luoyang Ruyang
Mongolia-china railway		Luoning County, Luoyang City	-	-	-
Huonan high-speed rail	High-speed railway	Luoyang Longmen Railway Station	-	-	-
Zhengzhou-west high-speed rail	High-speed railway		-	-	-
Jiaojiluo intercity Railway	Intercity railway		-	Luoyang Airport Station	Luoyang Valley water Station
Cheng Dengluo Intercity Railway			Yichuan North Railway Station	-	-
Los Angeles Intercity Railway				-	-
Luonan Intercity Railway				-	-
Luoping Intercity Railway				-	-

Intercity railway:

Zhengluo intercity Railway , Luoyang - Xinzheng Airport Intercity Railway, Giolo Intercity Railway , Luoping Intercity Railway .

subway

【 See the main article for details: Luoyang rail transit 】

Luoyang urban rail transit network consists of 4 lines, a total length of 102.6 kilometers, with 63 stations, including 8 transfer stations. ^[13]

Luoyang Rail Transit Construction Planning Diagram (2016-2020)

Luoyang Metro Construction Plan (as of March 2021)
status	line	Identifying color	mileage	Number of stations	Origin station	Terminal station	Opening date
operate	Luoyang Rail Transit Line 1	Peony red	25.3 km	19	Hongshan Station	Yangwan station	March 28, 2021
operate	Luoyang Rail Transit Line 2	Pea green	18.2 km	15	Erqiao Road station	Palitang Station	December 26, 2021
project	Luoyang Rail Transit Line 3	/	43.0 km	29	Magnetic stream station	Zhuge station	/
project	Luoyang Rail Transit Line 4	/	17.4 km	12	Longquan East Ditch	Longmen Grottoes	/
Reference materials: ^{[30] 29 -} ^[44]

highroad

Highways:

The Beltway, Lianhuo Expressway , Erguang Expressway, Ningluo Expressway , Zhengzhou-lu Expressway , Luolan Highway, Ziluo Expressway ^[84] Yaoluan West Highway (start), etc.

Fast track:

Luoyan Express passage , Luoyi Express lane , Luolan Express , The Logie Express Let's wait.

History and culture

broadcast

EDITOR

Origin of geographical names

Luoyang due to its location The Luoshui River Named after the sun.

The capital dynasty

Summary of dynasties in Luoyang City
dynasty	name	Capital location	Resident emperor	Time of capital establishment
In the summer	Pour your wine 鄩	Yanshi Erlitou	Taikang, Zhongkang, Xia Jie	21st century BC - 16th century BC
shang	Xibo County	Yanshi Mall	Shang Tang to Zhong Ding	1600 BC - 1260 BC
The Western Zhou Dynasty (206 B.C.)	A surname	Rakup (on both sides of the 瀍 river)	King Cheng - King You, 11 Kings in total	1040 BC - 771 BC
The Eastern Zhou Dynasty (206 B.C.)	Wang Cheng	Wang Cheng (on both sides of Jianhe River)	King of Peace, King of Mourning and King of Blush, 14 Kings in total	771 BC - 520 BC 314 BC - 256 BC
The Eastern Zhou Dynasty (206 B.C.)	A surname	Chengzhou (White Horse Temple East)	To the king to the careful king, a total of 11 Kings	519 BC - 314 BC
The Eastern Han Dynasty (206 B.C.)	Luoyang	The old city of Han and Wei	光武帝-献帝，共12帝	25 years. -190 years
Cao Wei	Luoyang	The old city of Han and Wei	There were five emperors, Wen and Yuan	From 220 to 265
The Western Jin Dynasty (536-597)	Luoyang	The old city of Han and Wei	武帝-怀帝，共4帝	From 265 to 316
The Northern Wei Dynasty (535-544)	Luoyang	-	孝文帝-孝武帝	From 493 to 534
sui	Dongdu	The old city of Sui and Tang Dynasties	Emperor Yang - Emperor Tai, a total of two emperors	606-619 (Capital)
The tang dynasty	Dongdu	The old city of Sui and Tang Dynasties	Emperor Gaozong, Emperor Zhongzong and Emperor Ruizong were three emperors in total	657-684 (both equal) 684-690 (capital)
Wu Zhou Dynasty	Sacred city	The old city of Sui and Tang Dynasties	The holy Emperor of heaven	690 -705
Rear beam	Luoyang	-	Shenwu Yuan Shengxiao Emperor, abolished emperor, the last emperor	909-913
The Later Tang Dynasty	Luoyang	-	Emperor Minhyo, Emperor Sungdeok and Emperor Wu Qinhyo, Emperor Min, and Emperor Mu	923 -936
The Later Jin Dynasty	Luoyang	-	Holy article Wu Ming de filial piety emperor	936 -937 ^[34]

Origin culture

"Huanghuang ancestor industry, Yonghuai river Luojian". Luoyang is Confucianism The foundation site of, Moralistic school of thought Place of production, Buddhism First pass, metaphysics Place of formation, neo-Confucianism The origin place, all kinds of cultural ideas in this integration of symbiosis, brilliant, ancient China Four great inventions Hit the mark Compass , papermaking , printing Were born here. Luoyang is also the cultural roots and ancestral veins of the global Chinese, with more than 100 million people worldwide Hakka Ancestral home here, 70% of China's clan names originated here, to" The river is full of books "For the representative Heluo culture It is the ancestral source of Chinese civilization. ^[55]

Luoyang

Religion profile

Luoyang City mainly has Buddhism , Taoism , Christianity , Catholicism , Islam 5 religions. In 2000, the number of religious believers in Luoyang reached 260,000, with 594 religious venues approved by the government and 7 religious groups.

Intangible cultural heritage

Luoyang National intangible Cultural Heritage projects (9)
Serial number	ID	Project name	Reporting place	Protection level
1	V-12	Heluo Drum	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
2	Ⅷ - 94.	Tri-coloured glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty Firing technique	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
3	Ⅷ - 173.	Really different Luoyang water mat craft	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
4	Ⅹ - 85.	The public and the secular	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
5	Ⅹ - 103.	Luoyang Peony flower Fair	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
6	Ⅶ - 50	Luoyang Palace lantern	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
7	IⅩ-6	Pingle Kuo's bone setting	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage
8	I-135	The river is full of books Legend	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage ^[14]
9	I-157	The Legend of Xuanzang	Luoyang City	National intangible cultural heritage ^[37]

Beijing flower

Luoyang peony roots in Heluo land began in Sui, Tang, Jia world in Song. Luoyang people cultivate peonies and appreciate peonies. As the Tang Dynasty poet Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi praised: only the true national color of peony, the flower season moves Beijing city, flowers bloom and fall 20 days, a city of people are crazy.

In 1982, the Standing Committee of Luoyang Municipal People's Congress officially designated peony as the city flower. There are 9 major color systems of peony, such as red, white, pink, yellow, purple, blue, green, black and compound color, and 10 kinds of flower types, such as single petal type, lotus type, chrysanthemum type, rose type, laurel type, hydrangea type, crown type, golden ring type, thousand-layer pavilion type, basket pavilion type. Peonies can be found all over the city in garden attractions, street flower beds, office yards and suburban gardens.

Folk festival

Peony of luoyang The flower viewing festival began in 1983. In 2008, Luoyang Peony Flower Fair was designated as a national intangible cultural heritage by The State Council. In 2010, Luoyang Peony Flower Appreciation Event changed its name to" Peony Culture Festival in Luoyang, China ". ^[15]

Local specialty

broadcast

EDITOR

Special product	introduce
Luoyang water mat	Luoyang City, Henan Province, along the characteristic traditional banquet, belongs to the Henan cuisine.
Square table	Swallow vegetable, braised tiger carp with scallion, cloud cover fermented bean curd meat, sea rice rising hundred color.
Eight major pieces	Fast three kinds, five fillet fish, fish meat, diced chicken, fried crane breast.
Four tails	Shark fin flower arrangement, golden monkey explore the sea, squid fight for spring, blue wave umbrella pill.
Luoyang decoction	Mutton soup, beef soup, meatball soup, donkey meat soup, tofu soup, no turning soup, spicy soup.

Luoyang water mat

Square table

Eight major pieces

Scenic spot

broadcast

EDITOR

summarize

Luoyang received a total of 80 million domestic and foreign tourists in 2022, down 31.0% from the previous year, according to the tourism department. Total tourism revenue was 60.5 billion yuan, down 34.5 percent. By the end of 2022, there will be 66 A-level tourist attractions. Among them, there are 5 5A scenic spots, 30 4A scenic spots and 26 3A scenic spots. By the end of the year, there were 42 star-rated hotels and 104 international and domestic travel agencies. ^[70]

White Horse Temple

Scenic spot

List of tourist attractions in Luoyang City
Cultural attractions	Ziwei City , ^[65] The nations Dubhe , ^[66] Luoyi ancient city , The ancestral Court of three religions , Eight Guan City , White Horse Temple , Yongning Mausoleum , White garden , The former residence of Bai Juyi , Tombs of the second process , Capitol Museum , Tomb of Du Fu , Du Kang Sin Village , Erlitou site , Tomb of Fan Zhongyan , Feng Cave Temple, Fuchang Pavilion , Gaolong Zhongyue Temple , Ancient tomb Museum , Gutang Temple , Grain water , Guan Lin , Guanyin temple , Guanghua Temple , The old city of Han and Wei , Divine Mountain Temple , Spiritual site , Folk museum , Luoyang King city Tianzijia six museum , Yongbei Stele of Western Jin Dynasty , The Siwo Grottoes , Ruins of copper casting workshop in Western Zhou Dynasty , Thousands of Tang Zhizhai , Shan-shan Guild Hall , Upper Palace of Qing Dynasty , Shengxian prince stele , grotto Temple, Wang Duo Calligraphy Hall , Lv Zu 'an , Huangjue Temple , Xuanzang's hometown , Longmen Grottoes , Dragon horse negative Tu Temple , Wang Duo's former residence , Journey to the West Palace , Xuanzang Memorial Hall, Mausoleum of Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty , Memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army Office in Los Angeles , Luoyang Museum , Gongling Mausoleum , Mangshan mausoleum group , Yanshi Mall Museum , Temple of fragrant hills , Tomb of Yan Zhenqing
Natural scenic spot	White Cloud Mountain , middle Mountain Songshan Mountain , Baotou Chai , 瀍 the river , Mountain of Flowers and Fruits , Cockscomb Cave , Jianhe , Kanaya Haruharu , Laojun Mountain , Scenery of Longmen Mountains , Luohe River , The autumn wind of Lopu , Mangshan Mountain (in Henan Province) , Mangshan mountain overlooking the evening , The Water Springs Grottoes , Hirayumi to swim , green Mountain caves, Tianjin Xiaoyue , Wan Ansan , Wangcheng Park , Yi River , Ipass Mountain , Zhou Son , Longyu Bay National Forest Park , The bottom of the Yellow River , Mengjin Yellow River wetland , Yaodian Chai , Funiu Mountain National Nature Reserve , Mengjin Huanghe Beach Nature reserve , Wanshan Lake Scenic Spot , Chongdugou Natural Scenic Area , Dingshi Mountain scenic spot , Longchiman National Nature Reserve , Yangzi Ditch scenic spot
Eight scenic spots in Luoyang	Scenery of Longmen Mountains , The bell of Masi Temple , Kanaya Haruharu , Mangshan mountain overlooking the evening , Tianjin Xiaoyue , The autumn wind of Lopu , Hirayumi to swim , Bronze camel dusk rain
Class AAAAA	Longmen Grottoes , White Cloud Mountain , Laojun Mountain , Cockscomb Cave , Longtan Grand Canyon
AAAA Class	Guan Lin , White Horse Temple , Double-crossing ditch , Longyu Bay National Forest Park Luanchuan Baogu Village scenic spot, Foster child ditch , Funiu Mountain ski Resort , Tianchi Mountain National Forest Park , Mu Zhaling primitive ecological tourism area , Shenzhai National Forest Park , Yellow River Xiaolangdi Scenic spot , China National Garden , Sui and Tang ruins Botanical Garden China Luoyang Lavender Manor, Ruyang Dinosaur Valley Rafting scenic spot, Ruyang Western Taishan Scenic spot

Sister city

broadcast

EDITOR

Domestic sister city
nationality	city	Knot time
China	Guangzhou City	The 2012-3-3
China	Guilin City	2016-12-16
China	Guangyuan City	The 2014-4-22

International sister city
nationality	city	Knot time
Japan	Okayama	The 1981-4-6 ^[6]
France	Tours The city	1982-12-12
Japan	Sukagawa City	The 1993-8-1
Bulgaria	Plovdiv The city	The 1994-8-1
Korea	Buyeo	The 1996-8-13
America	La Crosse The city	1997-10-21
Russia	Togliatti The city	The 2000-4-25
Japan	Kashihara	The 2006-2-11
Spain	Alcala The city	The 2010-4-9 ^[7]
America	Walnut	The 2012-4-9 ^[6]
Korea	Gwangju Metropolitan City	The 2012-8-14 ^[8]
Albania	Belat City	The 2016-04-9 ^[9]
America	Cupertino The city	2016-11-18 ^[10]
Canada	The city of Oshawa	The 2013-8
Australia	Wyong	2016-12
Uzbekistan	City of Bukhara	The 2017-5-12

Famous person

broadcast

EDITOR

Famous person
Ancient times	Zhou Nyaku	Suday	White jade	Su Qin	Happy sheep wife	Chang Suncheng
	A surname	A surname	Liu belt	Qihua	Zhou Wangsun	Gong Kuan
	Lang Jianbo	dramaturg	Guo Dianjun	Roqin	Pang Can	do
	Fan Qian	Wu Xiong	Single ultra	Sun Kan	Left-handed symmetry	Zuo Per
	Seed whisk	Chong Hoon	sincere	Khanh Hung	Shi Chen	Jin Zhuo
	Guo Xiang	Yuan Hui	Yuan Jubilee	Ruan Zhan	Yang Ji	Muang Ngoi
	Chuhono	Of Cologne	Huike	Li Changshou	Yu Xuandao	Yu Xuanmin
	Autonavi	Yao Tai	Gen Thien	Elementary filial moment	Zhao Orbit	Yu Xi
	Yuan Zhi	Zhao Lang	Guo Xiu	Emperor Fu Yi	Yang Su	Guo Shichang
	Han Sangshou	Kiwi	Gold medal	Xu Wenyuan	Elementary row punch	Yuan Zhong
	Changde General	A surname	Yang Da	Tangai	Bai Wugui	Ming Yunteng
	Cui Minxiang	The Tao Dynasty	haze	Nghia Wan	A surname	Won Deok-soo
	Sun Ti	Yuanyu	Zhang Xunzhi	Housing finance	Yuan Xishen	Lu Jian
	A surname	Duggu and	Wan Guojun	Lu Hong	Yang Jiao	Yu Qi
	Chiman	Nghia Fai	Fasching	Chihiro	Li Sanji	Gao Wanxing
	Yuan Sheng	Zhao Pu	Lv Duan	Wang Shenqi	Lv Mengzheng	Rich and helpful
	Song Wo	Shi Xizai	Shi Zhongli	Zhang Qixian	Wang Sui	Wang Shu
	Chen Youyi	Liu Jian	Nie Chongyi	Wang Yansheng	Qi Tingxun	Shi Xinxin
	Jo Tingmi	Wen Zhongshu	Zhao Anren	Fan Yong	Zhao Shangkuan	Zhang Kui
	Liu Xuan	Master Trung	Shao Bowen	A few	Zhao Feng	Bu Tianzhang
Modern times	Li Bangjun	Zhang Huarui	Hu Yaqing	Shi Jingzhi	Wang Lingyun	Wu Tinglin
	Li Maqun	Li Guiwu	Zheng Bozhong	Li Ping	Xing tradition	Xu Fanfeng
	Ma Yuankai	Zhang Zijie	Zhang Jiansan	Zhang Youqian	Lee Jung-ju	Yoo In Hwa
	Xiao Daitian	Yang Yun	Peng Zhijia	Li Renrong	Yuan Yunqing	Li Xiaocalyx
	Shen Shoushan	Dong Menglin	Hao Bingjun	Liang Ziqi	Li Liuzhu	Ren Jionglu
	Chuanjin Sheng	Zhao Wenrui	Jia Jichuan	Song Keqi	Pei Zhaoqing	Zhang Together
	Liang Wenyuan	He Menggeng	Shirako	Feng Rongrong	Wang Yuanling	suzerain
	Zhang Qingzheng	Zhang Tongsheng	Li Jingtang	Wang Zhenhe	Wang Zhenji	Wei Dong
	Li Zongbai	White black fruit	Li Zhankui	Wu Jiaxian	Peng Zhong	Wang Yukun
	botryoidae	Highly hopeful	Shen Turbulence	Ran Xiangzheng	Hu Ying	Xing Qingzhong
	Takoshi	Duan Baoxing	Zhang Fang	-	-	-
modern	CAI Jianbridge	Zhao Jin	Yao Guang	Wang Zhi	Shao Dianqi	Song Shaoguang
	Sumin	Liu Zhenbang	Wang Wenzhi	Pyrite whisker	Xie Huiju	Liu Jian
	Li Hao	Zhang Yanlin	Qu Mingjie	Liu Gang	Yang Ligong	Zhou Heyang
	Shi Wanqiang	Zhang Hai	Ji Bingxuan	Sima Wudang	Cheng Lin	Chen Ming
	Yan Lianke	Joon Lee	Zhu Jun	-	-	-
Some celebrities in Luoyang City, Reference:

City honor

broadcast

EDITOR

City honor
Honorary title	Gain time
National innovative pilot city	-
National advanced city of science and technology progress	-
National intellectual property demonstration city	-
Top 10 most attractive cities in China	-
National top 20 cities for energy conservation and emission reduction	-
National tourism standardization pilot city	-
China's first batch of smart tourism pilot cities	-
Top 10 tourist cities in China recommended by global netizens	-
Forbes China (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) the most developed tourist city	-
China's excellent tourist city	The year 2001 ^[1]
National garden city	The year 2002 ^[2]
National health city ^[16]	In 2007, 2011, 2015 ^[3]
National forest city	The year 2011 ^[17]
National civilized city	2011, 2017 ^[4]
中国大陆最佳商业城市榜	December 2018
Visit 100 cities in China	In April 2018
Top 200 charming cities with Chinese characteristics	December 2017 ^[18]
National youth campus football reform pilot zone	December 2018 ^[19]
National double support model city	October 2020 ^[20]
List of national pilot cities for industrial and financial cooperation ^[21]	December 2020 ^[21]
The steady growth and transformation and upgrading of the industry in 2020 have achieved remarkable results	March 2021 ^[33]
China's service outsourcing demonstration city	October 25, 2021 ^[43]
National comprehensive transportation hub city construction	February 2022 ^[47]

Hit the road

Growth task Introduction to editing Editing rule Edit by oneself

I have a question.

Content questioning Online customer service Official post bar feedback

Complaint and suggestion

Report bad information The article was not appealed Complaint infringement information Blocked query and unblocked

Beijing Public network Anbei 11000002000001