Huanglong Scenic Area (Huanglong Scenic Area), located in Sichuan Province Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture Songpan county , ^[1] It is the only one in China that is well protected Plateau wetland On a ridge that rises gradually from south to north. ^[2] ^[21]

Huanglong Scenic Area covers an area of 700 square kilometers, and Jiuzhaigou Valley 100 kilometers apart, Altitude 1700~5588 meters. ^[2] The core area is dotted with more than 3,000 colored pools. With the structure of the strange, colorful surface travertine landscape as the main scene Huanglong Ditch , Danyun Gorge , Muni Gou , Snow Treasure Pod , Red Army Long March Monument Park Equal composition. ^[16] The main landscape is concentrated in the 3.6 km long Huanglong Gully, which is covered with calcium carbonate deposits and has abundant Flora and fauna Resources. ^[1]

In 1992, Huanglong Scenic Area was listed in the World Natural Heritage List, and it is a national AAAAA tourist attraction and a national key scenic area. ^[1] ^[3] In May 2023, it was included in 10 Yangtze River themed national tourism routes by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. ^[22]

Chinese name: Huanglong Scenic Area
Geographical position: Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture Songpan county Near Flat Pine Road
Climatic condition: Plateau temperate subcold monsoon climate
Ticket price: High season tickets: 90 yuan/person, low season tickets: 60 yuan/person ^[19]

Floor space: 40,000 hectares
Famous scenic spot: Huanglong Ditch , Snow Treasure Pod , Red Army Long March Monument Park , Muni Gou
Sea bulldog: 5588 m
Abbreviated form: Huanglong scenic spot

catalogue

Historical evolution

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On December 2, 1986, the seventh meeting of the Tourism Coordination Group of The State Council was held to study and discuss the development of Jiuzhaigou and Huanglong scenic spots in Sichuan Province. ^[6]

In 1991, Huanglong Scenic Area Administration Bureau Invested more than 4 million yuan to develop the Munigou Scenic area. ^[8]

In June 2019, the construction of the trestle road in Huanglong Scenic Area began. ^[7]

On July 30, 2022, the expert consultation meeting on the revision of the Master Plan of Huanglong Scenic Area (2021-2035) was held. ^[5]

Huanglong Scenic Area

Geographical environment

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Location boundary

Huanglong Scenic Area is located Sichuan Province Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture Songpan county Within the territory, Minshan Mountain range The south section, with Jiuzhaigou Valley Adjacent, 56 km away from Songpan County. ^[9]

Huanglong Scenic spot

Climatic characteristics

Huanglong Scenic area belongs to the plateau temperate subcold monsoon climate type. The climate is characterized by: wet and cold, long winter in a year, few days in summer, spring and autumn. The annual average temperature is 7℃, there is plenty of sunshine, more fog in the morning and evening, and more rainfall is concentrated in May to August every year. The average annual temperature in Huanglong Scenic Area is 5~7℃, the average temperature in the hottest July is 17℃, and the average temperature in the coldest January is 3℃. ^[9]

Geological landform

Huanglong Scenic area belongs to Tibetan plateau Eastern marginal direction Sichuan basin The highest peak is Xuebao Peak, the main peak of Minshan Mountain, 5,588 meters above sea level, with snow all the year round, which is the easternmost point of modern glaciers in China, and there are 6 other peaks above 5,000 meters above sea level. ^[9]

Huanglong Ditch in Minshan Mountain range The main peak of the snow Top foothills, is The Fujiang River (in Henan Province) The birthplace of... Huanglong Valley is about 7 kilometers long, the scenic section is 4.7 kilometers, and the width is 1~2 kilometers. The elevation of the scenic spot is between 3145 meters and 3575 meters, and the longitudinal slope is 8.7%. ^{[4
]}

Huanglong Scenic Area

Natural resources

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Huanglong Scenic Area

Plant resources

From the bottom of Huanglong Valley (2,000 meters above sea level) to the top of the mountain (3,800 meters above sea level), subtropical evergreen and deciduous broadleaf mixed forest, coniferous broadleaf mixed forest, subalpine coniferous forest, alpine shrub meadow, etc., with dense vegetation coverage rate of 88.9%, Huanglong Scenic Area is a place where plants gather. ^[11]

There are state protected plants in the area Tonkin tree , Amur aquatica , Sequoia sichuanensis , hemlock , Taxus chinensis There are also plants endemic to China such as: saussurea , Wheat hanging spruce , Magnolia officinalis , Juniper cypress Pine pan branch cypress. Protected area spruce , Abies There are many kinds of plants, Arrow bamboo Widely distributed. ^[12]

Animal resources

There are 221 species of vertebrates of 24 orders and 54 families in Huanglong Scenic Area, including 56 species of mammals of 6 orders and 18 families, 156 species of birds of 12 orders and 29 families, 5 species of reptiles of 2 orders and 3 families, 5 species of amphibians of 2 orders and 4 families, and 3 species of fish. National animal protection level Giant panda , Golden snub-nosed monkey , tawny , Clouded leopard , The leopard , Green tailed pheasant , The Jade belt sea eagle ; Second-level have Red panda , Golden cat , manul , lynx , Water deer , Red deer , Forest musk deer , gazelle , Blue sheep , Tragopan , purslane , Tetraogallus tibetanus , Blood pheasant , pheasant Let's wait.

The characteristics of the animals in the reserve are: there are many rare species, and 23 species belong to the first and second class protection of the state; Because the mountains and river valleys in the region run north-south, the warm and humid air flows deep along the river valleys in summer, which is conducive to the northern and higher distribution of the southern fauna. The animals unique to China are giant panda, golden monkey, twisting horn antelope, and only distributed in Hengduan Mountains the Scutiger thymus Let's wait. ^[11-12] ^[23]

Huanglong Scenic Area

Mineral resources

Travertine landscape

Huanglong travertine landscape, complete types, travertine edge stone dam color pool, travertine beach, travertine fan, travertine lake, travertine collapse lake, pit, as well as travertine waterfall, travertine cave, travertine spring, travertine platform, travertine bonbon, etc. The travertine section of Huanglonggou is 3600 meters long, the longest travertine beach is 1300 meters long and the widest is 170 meters. There are more than 3,400 color pools; The highest side stone dam is 7.2 meters; Zhagahua Waterfall is 93.2 meters high. It is concentrated in the vast carbonate strata of the whole area, and the traverna spectacle is only concentrated in four gullies such as Huanglonggou, Zhagagou and Erdaohai, with an elevation of 3000 ~ 3600 meters. Huanglonggou, Erdaohai and Zhagagou in the area are in the modern formation stage, decline stage and late degeneration stage respectively, which provides a complete site for the study of travertine succession process. In the 3600 m section of Huanglonggou, the simultaneous group followed almost all travertine types. ^[23]

Glacier resources

glacier

Huanglong area is more than 3000 meters above sea level, widely developed clear Quaternary glacier Among them, Xuebaoding area, the main peak of Minshan Mountain, is the most typical. It is characterized by comprehensive types and dense distribution, most to the east. This area has a wide range of mountains and peaks, with 7 peaks above 5000 meters, which are developing Snow Treasure Pod Three modern glaciers (5,588 meters), Xuelanshan (5,440 meters) and Mengdong Feng (5,058 meters) make this area the easternmost modern glacier preservation area in China. The main glacial erosion remains are angular peaks (distributed above 4000 meters above sea level), knife-edge ridges (above 3800 meters), and glacial erosion weir lakes (above 3900 meters). The main moraines include end moraines, middle moraines, side moraines and bottom moraines. It is distributed in various glacial valleys, of which the final debt is mainly distributed at an elevation of 3000 ~ 3100 meters, 3550 ~ 3650 meters and 3750 ~ 3850 meters. The remains of modern glaciers and ancient glaciers and their relationship with travertine are of great scientific research value. ^[23]

Main attraction

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Huanglonggou Scenic Area - Reflecting moon color Pool (3 photos)

Huanglong Scenic Area consists of Huanglong main scenic area, Muni Ditch scenic spot , Red star Rock scenic spot Snow Baoding Scenic spot, Sigou scenic spot , Danyun Gorge scenic spot , Red Army Long March Monument Park It is a comprehensive scenic spot characterized by colorful national features. ^[10] ^[16] The core area is dotted with more than 3,000 colorful pools, large and small. ^[1]

The main landscape is concentrated in Huanglong Gully under Xuebao Peak. The gully is full of milky yellow calcium carbonate deposits, which are arranged in terrace-like pattern. The snow water flowing down from the peak converges into streams, forming layered ladder-like lakes and ponds in Huanglong Gully. The water in the pools is clear and dust-free. The color of the water is yellow, green, light blue and blue due to changes in the bottom sediments, trees and mountains. ^[9] ^[11]

name	introduce	picture
Huanglong Ditch	Huanglong Ditch Due to the accumulation of calcified deposits in the flowing water, more than 3,400 calcified color pools, 80,000 square meters of calcified flow beach, 5 karst waterfalls, and 4 karst caves have been formed. In the Yellow Dragon five-color Pool 3.5 kilometers long, 1 ~ 2 kilometers wide in the yellow dragon ditch, facing Okchuisan Surrounded by dense virgin forest, calcified green pool, golden stream beach, like a yellow dragon lying prone in the dense forest. The water in the pool is crystal clear and colorful in the sunlight. During the walk, it seems to be in the painting, known as "Yao Pool on earth".	-
Colorful pools	Colorful pools The pool group covers an area of 21,000 square meters, with 693 color pools, which is the largest group of color pools in Huanglonggou, and also the largest and highest open-air calcium color pool group in the world today. Five color pool pool bank low, scattered, watery pool overflowing, far see block color pool like pieces of blue jade plate, under the sun, white, purple, blue, green, different shades, colorful. Due to the various changes of light exposure, the formation of the pool water homology and colorful "colorful scene" has become a beautiful landscape in Huanglong Scenic Area. ^[15]	Colorful pools (3 photos)
Huanglongzhong Temple	Huanglongzhong Temple Covering an area of about 500 square meters, Huanglongzhong Temple was built in the Ming Dynasty and belongs to Tibetan Buddhism Bonpo A temple. The buildings are simple and majestic, and the statues in the temple are fine in workmanship, which reflects the cultural characteristics of the integration of Tibetan and Han ethnic religions in Huanglong Scenic Spot. The middle Temple is located between Zhengyan pond and wucai, coniferous forests such as red pine are full of mountains, and plants such as cuckoo forest are everywhere, the environment is quiet and elegant. ^[15]	Huanglongzhong Temple^[32]
Zaga Falls	Zaga Falls The total length of the scenic spot is 2 kilometers, a total of 16 scenic spots, mainly in a variety of positions, size, height, width and narrowness of different waterfall group landscape, each waterfall through the forest. Among them, Zaga Falls drop 104 meters high, 35-40 meters wide, for the world's largest travertine cascade waterfall. Its upstream is a lake, downstream for a series of stepped river bed, through three steps down, forming a huge splash, waterfall sound like thunder, ten miles to hear. There is a cave under the waterfall, and two smaller caves on the side, like skylights, into which the waterfall falls. ^[15]	Zaga Falls
Snowy Ridge	Snowy Ridge With snow peaks, mountains and sea of clouds as the main landscape content, as well as viewing the vertical distribution of alpine plant communities and visiting Tibetan villages, the area of more than 100 square kilometers. ^[13]	The snow mountain beams^[29]
Snow Jewel	Snow Jewel Snow Baoding, modern glaciers and the sea as the main attractions, an area of 30 square kilometers. Xue Baoding is the main peak of Minshan Mountain, 5,588 meters above sea level, surrounded by clouds and fog all year round. The mountain is like a knife splitting sword cutting, strange reading. It is an international mountaineering venue. ^[13]	Snow Jewel^[30]
Muni	The Muni River takes Zaga karst waterfall, Haizi, lake, karst cave and primitive forest as scenic spots, covering an area of 16 square kilometers. ^[13]	Muni Gou^[31]
Red Army Long March Monument Park	Red Army Long March Monument Park Located in Songpan County Sichuan main Temple town At the foot of Yuanbao Mountain, the monument Park is composed of the main monument of "Unity and Victory" located on the top of the Yuanbao Mountain and a monument park building community including group sculptures, reliefs, pavilions, exhibition halls, lakes, gardens, squares, etc. In 1991, the Sichuan Provincial People's Government announced it as a provincial cultural relics protection unit, and in 1994 it was designated as a province Patriotism education base . Uina Yu Deng Xiaoping Gay writing. The monument Park exhibition hall has an area of about 700 square meters, including exhibition room, reception room, lobby, office and so on. Among them, the showroom area of more than 140 square meters, octagonal, small and delicate. On the wall of the exhibition room, there are "Long March Map of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army" and nearly 40 photos, showing the whole process of the Long March of the First, second and Fourth Red Army and the Red 25 Army, including historical information about major battles and important conferences. There are also inscriptions by central leaders and the old Red Army. ^[14]	Red Army Long March Monument Park

History and culture

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Origin of geographical names

One of the origins of the name Huanglong is that the Fuyuan Bridge is the tail of the dragon and the five-color pool is the head of the dragon. Beach flow, waterfalls like dragon claws dancing, the name of the yellow dragon, from which. ^[21]

Yellow dragon

Humanistic culture

Where the yellow dragon is Songpan county It has always been a place of multi-ethnic settlement, with profound cultural heritage, and has always been famous for colorful folk art and culture. The Huanglong Temple Fair, which has been passed down for hundreds of years, brings together the essence of folk customs of Tibetan, Qiang, Hui and Han nationalities, including guzhuang dancing, folk songs singing, pipa singing and Qiang flute playing. ^[17]

The Tibetan people in Huanglong regard the snow treasure top as a "sacred mountain" and have the custom of touring the snow treasure top (also known as "turning the mountain").

The Yellow Dragon Temple Fair

Red culture

During the period from May 1935, the 24th year of the Republic of China, to August 1936, the 25th year of the Republic of China, the first, second and Fourth Fronts of the Red Army were executed Songpan grassland Vault over Long march The most difficult snow-capped mountains in China, crossed the most difficult grasslands, held important meetings, fought fierce battles, and left many revolutionary sites. ^[18]

Songpan is located in the Red Army Long March monument Park, is to commemorate the victory of the Red Army Long March monument. The monument on the top of the Yuanbao Mountain is known as "the first golden monument in China". The Red Army Long March Monument Park Memorial Hall completely shows the Red Army's campaign course and the photos of the Long March memorial buildings built around the Long March, and the prelude hall mainly uses large sound, light, electricity and video landscape to reproduce the real scene of the Red Army over the snow mountain and the grass in Aba. ^[17] 　

Red Army Long March Monument Park

Myth and legend

Huanglong Scenic Area Huanglong Valley is located at the foot of Xuebaoding, the main peak of Minshan Mountain Range, and is the birthplace of the Fujiang River. There are two legends about the name of the yellow dragon. Suffice it to say Yu the Great controlled the flood When he first started from the Minjiang River, but he came to Maozhou (now MAO County It was difficult to move forward, so a yellow dragon came to help Da Yu, carrying the boat, dredging the Minjiang River, and finally reached the foot of the Xue Bao Ding, where the yellow dragon stayed to practice. Old" Annals of Songpan County It is recorded as follows: "Yu controlled the water to Maozhou, Huang Long helped Yu control the water, from Maozhou, the Minjiang River began... After the yellow dragon to cultivate the road, left the five colors of landscape in the world, the world built a temple, year after year."

Another legend says there was one in ancient times Huang Longsheng After becoming a fairy in cultivation, Huanglong invited his brothers and sisters to visit Huanglong and instructed his disciples to grind bean flowers next to Huanglong Ditch to entertain guests. Unexpectedly, when the soy milk was burned, the fire was a little big, and the soy milk boiled out of the pot, which was spread all over the mountain. When the real person came home to meet, the real person grabbed a handful of yellow sand and scattered it down, so that the soybean milk was coagulated, forming this landscape of gold sand. In order to commemorate Huang Long Zhen, later generations built the Huanglong Temple in the ditch to commemorate him. ^{[4
]}

There are also eighteen waves, Sleeping beauty, snow treasure, jade peak and other legends. ^[23]

The ground is paved with gold sand

Cultural activity

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time	host	Events
June 2017	Yellow dragon	"The Second Huanglong Alpine Orchid Festival"
July 2021	-	2021 Songpan Huanglong folk culture activities and tourism promotion meeting
September 2021	Chengdu Chenghua District cultural Center	"Earth Yaochi · Holy Land Yellow Dragon" special film exhibition
December 31, 2022-January 3, 2023	Aba Prefecture Songpan county	2022 Yellow Dragon Ultimate Endurance Race · Training Camp
June 10, 2018 - July 31, 2018	Yellow dragon	Huanglong 3rd Alpine Orchid Festival ^[24]
2022	Yellow dragon	Huanglong 6th Alpine Orchid Festival ^[25]

Development and construction

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infrastructure

Huanglong Scenic Area is famous for its colorful pools, snow-capped mountains, forests, canyons and waterfalls. The main landscape is concentrated in the 3.6 km long Huanglong Gully, which is covered with calcium carbonate deposits. It is arranged in a terraced manner and is well known for its rich animal and plant resources, and has the reputation of "wonders of the world" and "Yaochi on Earth". ^[1]

Huanglong Scenic Area

Brand building

Huanglong Scenic Spot is World natural Heritage , the world Man and Biosphere Reserve , National scenic spot , National geopark and National AAAAA tourist attraction . ^[16]

In December 2022, it was selected into the Top 100 AAAAA scenic spot Brand Influence list in November 2022. ^[20]

In May 2023, it was listed in Article 10 by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism Yangtze River theme national tourism route . ^[22]

Huanglong Scenic Area

Tourist information

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Traffic guide

Self-driving route

Route 1 (self-driving tour) : Chengdu - Dujiangyan City - Wenchuan - MAO County - Songpan - Huanglong

Along the way, there are Dujiangyan, Qingcheng front mountain, back mountain, Diexi Haizi and other scenic spots. After a period of time can purchase Maoxian apple. It is about 393 km to Huanglong Temple and 440 km to Jiuzhaigou.

Chongqing self-drive: Chongqing - Dujiangyan - Wenchuan - MAO County - Songpan - Huanglong

Route 2 (self-drive tour) : Chengdu - Wenchuan - Lixian - Miyalo - Hongyuan - Huache - Chuanzhu Temple - Huanglong

Along the way, you can enjoy the magnificent grassland scenery, enjoy the "rope-skating" of the Qiang ethnic girls, and enjoy the strange Tibetan township customs. Highway mileage of about 702 km.

Circle line traffic route map

Public transport

There are regular buses from Chengdu Chadianzi Station and Xinnanmen Station to Huanglong Scenic Spot every day. 1-3 trains a day, the price is 150 yuan/trip, a total of about 300 yuan, will not stop along the way. Please refer to the bus station for specific departure.

Jiuzhai Huanglong Airport : After arriving at the airport, Sichuan Jiuzhai & Huanglong Tourism Passenger Transport Company has direct buses to the main scenic spots. Routes have been opened: Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Xi 'an, Chongqing, Chengdu, and Xiamen via Chengdu to Jiuhuang Airport; Guangzhou via Chongqing to Jiuhuang Airport flight. ^[26]

In March 2024, Jiuzhaigou opened a shuttle bus to Huanglong scenic area, the shuttle bus starts at 7:40 am from Jiuzhaigou passenger station, passengers can buy tickets at Jiuzhaigou passenger station, about 10 am to Huanglong. Midway tourists have 5 hours in the Huanglong scenic tour time, 15:30, the shuttle bus will return from Huanglong to Jiuzhaigou, the specific car location in the Huanglong scenic spot No. 3 parking lot, the shuttle fare is 47 yuan per person one-way. ^[33]

Opening hours

Peak season: from June 1 to December 15 (opening hours: 8:00-17:00)

Ropeway ticket closing time: 16:00 (ropeway and sightseeing cars will not operate after December 16);

Muni Ditch Zaga Waterfall View Area Opening hours: 8:30-17:00; Muni Ditch two road Sea scenic area closed conservation temporarily closed;

Opening hours of the Red Army Long March Monument Park: 9:00-17:30(Note: No reservations after 17:00, no visitors to the park).

Ticket information

Huanglong Scenic Spot: off-season full ticket 60 yuan/person: discount ticket 30 yuan/person (December 16 last year - May 31 next year);

Peak season full ticket: 170 yuan/person (June 1 - December 15).

The scenic spot strictly implements the real-name purchase and verification system of the whole network, and there is no ticket window at the scene.

Special groups can enjoy preferential tickets or free tickets in accordance with national policies (excluding ropeway and sightseeing tickets).

Matters needing attention

Plateau climate change, please pay attention to warm sun protection, such as high reaction, it is recommended to stop action immediately, sit down to rest, and slow rhythm of deep breathing, scenic spots along the free oxygen bar for tourists to rest, oxygen.

No smoking, no fire in the wild; Do not litter in the scenic spot.

Pets are not allowed to visit the scenic area, and pets can be stored in the visitor center. ^[27]

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