Buying tip: Basic knowledge of assembling computer hardware

The main components of assembling a computer are: CPU, memory, motherboard, hard disk, graphics card, display, power supply, chassis. So in the computer city or online to buy the assembly machine how to judge their quality and the price is reasonable. Meet them one by one and give advice when buying.

CPU

The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the computing and control core of a computer. CPU, internal memory and input/output devices are the three core components of electronic computers. Its main function is to interpret computer instructions and process data in computer software. The CPU is composed of an arithmetic unit, a controller and a register, and the bus that realizes the data, control and state that are connected between them. Almost all CPU operations can be divided into four stages: Fetch, Decode, Execute and Writeback. The CPU takes the instruction from the memory or cache, puts it into the instruction register, decodes the instruction, and executes the instruction. The so-called programmability of the computer mainly refers to the programming of the CPU.

Usually we say core, Pentium (Pentium), Celeron, shining dragon, etc., refers to the CPU, and now the CPU on the market is mainly produced by intel and AMD companies. CPU prices range from a few hundred to thousands.

Our main concerns are as follows;

· Number of CPU cores: CPU has single-core, dual-core, quad-core, eight-core, 16-core, etc., generally choose four-core or dual-core is enough, eight-core, 16-core are generally used by enterprise servers.

· CPU frequency: in principle, the higher the frequency, the faster the computer runs, generally more than 1 GB to 3 multi-domain, such as low-end products Intel Celeron G1610 core number for dual-core, 2.6G, only need more than 200 pieces, and now the personal PC is generally not used; The high-frequency core i7 has four cores and a main frequency of 3.6G.

Bulk or boxed: bulk is generally several hundred cheaper than boxed, and personal recommendation to buy bulk is OK.

· Production process: there are 22 nm, 32 nm, 45 nm, 65 nm. Generally, the lower the production process, the better, but it is not absolute.

· Whether there is an integrated graphics card: The previous graphics card is integrated on the motherboard, with the development of the manufacturing process is now integrated on the CPU, such as intel i3 i5 i7 and amd A series a4 a6 a8, if you buy with integrated graphics card, then do not buy independent graphics card can also be used, but in general to play games students had better buy independent graphics card, In this way, whether the CPU integrated graphics card is not our concern (if the CPU integrated graphics card, and bought an independent graphics card, then it will automatically switch to use an independent graphics card), I generally recommend their own independent graphics card, the only animation is in case the independent graphics card is broken, the CPU without an integrated graphics card can not be used temporarily, can only buy a new independent graphics card, That is unlikely.

Internal memory

At present, there are many memory brands, but not many good, many not very well-known brands overclocking ability is good, but the average user still chooses well-known brands, such as Kingston, Pirate ship, Weigang and so on. Which Kingston and Corsair are lifetime warranties. At present, the memory technology is more mature, the price is also very transparent, as long as the more regular merchants to buy, basically will not buy fakes.

The main parameters of memory are:

1, memory type,DDR,DDR2,DDR3, different types of memory can not be mixed, their slots are not the same, generally with the motherboard to buy, the current mainstream is DDR3 memory.

2, memory capacity, 128MB, 256MB, 512MB, 1G, 2G, 4G, etc., the bigger the better. At present, no one uses 256MB below, are more than 512MB, now buy a computer to buy at least 2GB, it is recommended to configure 4GB.

3, memory frequency, generally 333,400, 800, 1066,1333, 1600, 1800MHZ, etc., the larger the better, the current mainstream is 800, 1600 memory.

Main board

In addition to the chassis, the motherboard is the largest part of the host, which is equivalent to a container, CPU, memory, graphics card, etc., are installed on it. As a key component in the whole machine, the motherboard not only determines the stability of the system, but also determines the expansion ability, upgrade ability, overclocking performance of the entire platform. Therefore, when the players install, how to choose the motherboard has become a "compulsory course".

To install a machine, to upgrade the configuration, we need to touch the motherboard. So for ordinary consumption, how should you choose the motherboard? Before understanding the motherboard, we need to have a general understanding of the "chipset", because the strength of the chipset will directly affect the performance of the motherboard. The "chipset" directly determines the interface and model of the CPU, the type of memory, the frequency, what type of expansion interface and backplane interface, whether there are multiple PCI-E graphics card interfaces, and the transmission capacity of various interfaces.

Usually we hear: Intel platform B75(entry-level), H77(mid-range), Z77 (high-end) and so on; AMD platform A85 (FM2 interface mainstream products), A75/A55 (FM1 and FM2 two interfaces) 970 (bulldozer motherboard) and so on are chipsets. In addition to performance differences between different chipsets, there are also differences in platform support.

Hard disk

Hard disk is one of the storage media that can permanently store data, such as documents, pictures, videos, etc. The main hard drive brands in the market are Western Digital (the brand on the hard drive is marked WD, meaning Western Digital), Seagate (Seagate) and Samsung, Toshiba. The most important parameters of the hard disk are:

· Storage capacity: This should be the most important parameter of the hard disk. The larger the value, the more things can be stored, generally 500GB, 1TB (1000GB), 2TB (2000GB) and larger. I bought a computer hard disk in 2004 is 80G, now because we put the data are generally movies, videos ah, and now the software is hundreds of M, online games are dozens of GB, many things are particularly large, so now buy 500GB also feel less, it is recommended to buy 1TB or larger. Of course, if some students say do not play online games, do not download movies, then 500GB is enough, and later can not buy mobile hard disk (relatively expensive than solid state hard disk) or carved into DVD. Now 1TB hard disk, ordinary point about 400 pieces can be done.

Revolutions: refers to the maximum number of revolutions per minute, the larger the data indicates the faster the number of revolutions of the hard disk, the faster the speed of finding file data, which largely determines the number of hard disks (but not the only one). Ordinary PC is generally 7200rpm, that is, it can turn 7200 revolutions per minute; Notebook hard drive RPM will be lower, generally 5400rpm.

· Hard disk cache: It is a chip in the hard disk, access speed is very fast, of course, the cost is very high, it is the hard disk internal storage and external interface buffer, its size also directly feel the speed of the hard disk, because the cost is expensive, so it can not be very large, generally in dozens of M units, such as 64MB, 32MB, 16MB, 8MB, now bought is generally 64MB, So don't let the seller fool you.

· Standard type of interface: The hard disk interface is a component connected to the motherboard for transferring data between the host memory and the hard disk cache. The different standard types of hard disk interface affect the speed of the connection between the hard disk and the computer, and also directly affect the number of data storage degrees in the entire system. The hard disk interfaces are IDE, SATA, SCSI, and SAS. At present, there is basically no IDE on the market, mainly SATA interface, SATA and SATA1.0 (1.5G/s), SATA2.0(3G/s), SATA3.0(6G/s), the higher the data behind the faster, we recommend you to buy SATA3.0.

Therefore, when selecting a hard disk, try to choose a hard disk with large storage capacity, high revolution, large disk cache, and the standard interface type is SATA3.0. Of course, if all of these requirements are met the price is estimated to be around $700.

Power source

Although the power supply to the last, but it is also a very important factor affecting the computer. But its parameters are relatively few, mainly to choose a good brand and power on it, the power supply does not buy cheap, it also determines the stability of your system in the future, small brands, low power may cause the computer to restart or even start.

Power recommended big brands of Jinhetian, Hangjia, cool cold supreme, etc., the power is about 500w.

chassis

The chassis has no special requirements, and the appearance is good and the light point is almost enough.

display

The last monitor, the monitor is often the place where the computer city is killing people, so be sure to see, generally will use large size to confuse you. Parameters are mainly size, widescreen ratio, interface type.

In terms of size, the computer personally feels 24 inches is big enough to play games and watch high-definition movies.

In addition to the size, the interface type is a key parameter, the more commonly used interface type of the display is VGA and HDMI, VGA is the most common, the general display is VGA interface, ordinary students can meet, but if you are engaged in photography, video then HDMI interface is necessary, it provides more prepared color and high-definition support, So a display with an HDMI interface will be more expensive. It is worth mentioning here that if the display is bought with HDMI interface, then the motherboard must also support HDMI, otherwise only show the tape, it is not used.

Widescreen ratio 16:9, 16:10, 21:9, this depends on the situation to choose, generally 16:9 can be.

The price of the display is about 1000 yuan.

Operating system

Operating system is not in the hardware category, but also mentioned, after choosing the hardware seller must give you a system can be used, or it is a pile of scrap metal, now popular win8, win7, generally do not use xp. Ordinary users should not install any linux, unless you are a linux enthusiast.

Well, the basic knowledge of the assembly of computer hardware here comes to an end, before buying a computer, it is recommended that you go to the Internet to find relevant data, and now buy a computer does not have to go to the computer city to buy, the convenience of the network makes it possible for you to find what you need online, what you have to do is to learn more about these knowledge, more comparison, In this way, you can save yourself money and buy cost-effective configuration. In the coming days, we will recommend several configurations, as well as more purchasing tips.

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