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Tianlin County is a county under the jurisdiction of Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, with a total area of 5577 square kilometers, which is the largest county in Guangxi. Located in the northwest of Guangxi, it is an old revolutionary area with a long history and culture ^[1] . Located at the border of Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces, it is a commodity distribution center at the border of Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi provinces, and belongs to the key county of national rural revitalization. The county has jurisdiction over 14 townships, 169 administrative villages (communities) 1412 natural villages, Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Yi and other 11 ethnic groups, with a total population of 270,000. ^[42] The county has convenient transportation and sound communication network. 169 administrative villages (communities) have access to highways, Nan-Kunming railway, 324 National Highway, 357 National highway and G78 Shan-Kunming expressway, Tianxi Expressway ^[39] Crossing the whole territory, it is the traffic throat of the great Southwest sea passage; Broadband network and mobile communication services have been fully covered ^[3] . In 2023, the county's gross regional product jumped to 10 billion yuan for the first time, reaching 10.72 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%, ranking second in the city's growth rate, ninth in the region, and 80th in the region's total. ^[42]

Chinese name: Tianlin county
Foreign name: Tianlin County
Administrative division code: 451029
Administrative category: county
Subordinate region: Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
Geographical position: Northwest Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
Area product: 5577 km²
Subordinate area: Leli town, old state town, Ding 'an town, etc
Government premises: Lury Town

Telephone area code: 0776
Postal code: 533300
Climatic condition: Subtropical monsoon climate
Population number: 270,000 people (Resident population as at 0:00 on 19 March 2024)
Famous scenic spot: Triple hole , "Xilin Teaching Plan" site , Danniang Gorge
Railway station: Tianlin Station
License plate code: cinnamomum
Gross regional product: 10.72 billion yuan (2023)
prescription: Zhuang language , Southwest mandarin , Yao language

catalogue

Establishment evolution

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Before liberation

In Qin Dynasty, he was subordinate to the southeast Elephant County Northwest part of the Night Lang tribe, southwest part Utamachi Tribe.

In the Han Dynasty, the southeast subordinate Ulimgun Guangyu county In the southwest, it belongs to the kingdom of Gongbing and the kingdom of Yelang in the northwest.

The Three Kingdoms period, the southeast subordinate Jiaozhou Ulin County, southwest, northwest subordinate Yizhou Hungogun .

Jin, the division Guangzhou Jinxing , Ninh Chau Hungogun Utumachi-ken .

Southern and Northern dynasties, divided Nanning Prefecture Jinxing County, Guangyu County, Ningzhou Seopyeonggun Kucho Prefecture.

Sui, belong to Yulin county Xuanhua County Nanning governor's Office Queensland Govern.

In the Tang Dynasty, he was subordinate to the southeast Lingnan West Road Yong tube Jeonju Rulai County, northwest branch The middle road of Guizhou Twin cities, Panzhou .

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, it belonged to the Southern Han, with Tianzhou in the southeast and the Northwest Dali .

Song Dynasty, genus Guang Nan West Road Yongzhou Youjiang Road Control, divide Sacheng States (Jimo State), Li State, road state, Kamibayashi Cave

Yuan time, genus Guangxi line in the book province Yanggang , belong to Tin chau road Lai Chau, Si Seong Chau and Lai On Road (now Lucheng Zhou, Shanglin Dong, Anlong Dong.

Ming time, genus Secretary of State of Guangxi Chengxuan Youjiang Road, is divided into Sacheng state, Shanglin Long legal battle A long legal battle with Aaron.

Qing time, genus Guangxi Province Youjiang Road Sachongfu , belong to Xilin county , Lingyun county And Shillong State.

During the 1-23 years of the Republic of China (1911-1934), it was affiliated to Guangxi Province, and was divided into Xilin, Shillong Lingyun 3 counties. In the winter of 24, Lu Cheng was carved out from Xilin County. cinnamon Supply central 3 townships and Shemiao township Yangbian Village, Xilong County has set aside 2 townships in old State and South Corner, and Lingyun County has set aside 3 townships in Loli, Langping and Baiping Tianxi county (fourth class county), belongs to the fifth (fourth class county) in Guangxi Bose Administrative region, county government in Luchengwei. ^[4]

After the founding of New China

After liberation, it was still placed in Tianxi County in the early days. In January 1951, Lizhou Township of Lingyun County was divided into the second district. In August 1951, Xilin County was abolished, and the four townships of Ding 'an, Badu, Gao Ge and Zhe Miao were assigned to Tianxi County and placed in Tianlin County The Baise section . Since March 1953 West Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Later also known as the state). In March 1958, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region After the establishment of the Baise Commissioner Office. 1969 genus Baise prefecture . Since 2002 Bose .

Before 1999, Tianlin County had an area of 5,576 square kilometers and a population of about 214,000 people. Jurisdiction of 3 towns, 17 townships (including 6 ethnic townships) : Lele town, old state town, Ding 'an Town, Lizhou Yao Township, Langping Township, Pingshan Township, Lucheng Yao Township, Longche Township, Baille Township, Bantao Township, Pingtang Township, Gaolong Township, Miao Township, Fuda Yao Township, Badu Yao Township, Bagui Yao Township, Nengliang Township, Dongnong Township, Nongwa Yao Township, that Bi Township. County government in the town of Lury.

On January 22, 1999, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Government (Guizheng Letter [1999] No. 7) agreed to abolish Nengliang Township and establish Liulong Township, with the township government located in Nengliang Street. The administrative area of Liulong Town includes the administrative area of the former Nengliang Township (except for the seven villages of Nasing Village, such as Nasing, Liuzhong, Pingmu, Batang, Daping, Liuyi and Liumiao, which are under the jurisdiction of Leli Town); In Bagui Yao Township, Weiying Tun of Bagui Village, Weihong, Bamu and Basan Tun of Bajiang Village, Bantu, Pingor, Weihua and Liugong Tun of Pingliu Village; Dongnong Township for the village of eight, Tai Lam, Pingxi, Xiawei, Wei Ning, Na Nong, Pingliang tun; Liulong, Nengti and Weimi Tun of Tanhe Village, and Zhouma, Laitun, Lingtun, Yanheng, Busong, Pinglin and other tun administrative areas of Zhouma Village.

After the adjustment, Tianlin County has jurisdiction over 4 towns, 16 townships (including 6 ethnic townships) : Lele Town, old state town, Ding 'an Town, Liulong Town, Lucheng Yao Township, Longche Township, Lizhou Yao Township, Pingtang Township, Langping Township, Pingshan Township, Bagui Yao Township, Dongnong Township, Badu Yao Township, Fuda Yao Township, that Bi Township, Gaolong Township, Nongwa Yao Township, Baille Township, Plate Tao Township, Miao Township.

On June 21, 2005, the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region government (Guizhan [2005] No. 176) agreed to adjust the administrative divisions of some townships in Tianlin County: abolish the Nongwa Yao Township, integrate the whole system into the Bagui Yao Township, and the government of the Bagui Yao Township will remain unchanged; Abolish Longche Township, integrate the whole system into Baille Township, Baille Township government resident unchanged; Dongnong Township was abolished and integrated into Liulong Town, and the government of Liulong Town remained unchanged; Abolish Bantao Township, integrate the whole system into Lucheng Yao Township, Lucheng Yao Township government resident unchanged; The Pingshan Township shall be abolished, the whole system shall be incorporated into Langping Township, and the residence of Langping Township government shall remain unchanged; The township of Fuda Yao Ethnic Group was abolished and integrated into Badu Yao Ethnic Group, and the government of Badu Yao Ethnic Group was stationed in the Fuda Village of Fuda Yao Ethnic Group. After the merger, the new Liulong Town, Baille Township, Lucheng Yao Township, Badu Yao Township, Bagui Yao Township, Langping Township held a listing ceremony on June 25.

On September 27, 2017, Longping Town held a ceremony to evacuate the town and set up the town. ^[5]

The county now has jurisdiction over 5 towns, 9 townships (4 of which are ethnic townships) : Leli Town, old state town, Ding 'an Town, Liulong Town, Langping Town, Lucheng Yao Township, Lizhou Yao Township, Pingtang Township, Bagui Yao Township, Badu Yao Township, Nabi Township, Gaolong Township, Baille Township, Miao Township. County government in the town of Lury.

Tianlin county area overlooking

Administrative division

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Lury Town Jurisdiction: Henan, Xinshi, Xinchang 3 neighborhood committees; Leli, Xinchang, Xinjian, Baihuazhai, Xinning, wind tunnel, culture, Tianping, Lanping, Qiwen, that light, that color 12 administrative villages, 89 natural tun, 98 village groups, the town's administrative area of 300 square kilometers. ^[6]

Guizhou Town Jurisdiction: Old state, Banjian, Nadu, Pingman, Shiwu, Pinglin, Guanglong, Yangbai, Pingbao, Nanhe, Banyang, Shifu, Laizhou, Rennian and other 14 administrative villages and 1 temporary management committee. The administrative area of the town is 497 square kilometers.

Ding 'an Town Jurisdiction: Ding 'an, Wei Mi, eight new, Naxiong, Namen, Yanrong, eight Lai, Changjing 8 administrative villages.

Liulong Town Jurisdiction: Nengliang, Taiyang, Yangguang, Baihuai, Fantun, Xiaolan, Mentun, Zhongtun, Jiaoyang, Xiawei, Pingxi, Liulong, Zhouma, Bantu, Liugong and other 18 administrative villages 126 natural tun 156 villagers groups. The administrative area of the town is 415 square kilometers.

Lu Cheng Yao Township Jurisdiction: Lucheng, Wangji, Red flag, Yingpan, rich, eight holes, flat, get reading, each smoke, Fengfang, Weixiang, Pinghe, Sanyao and other 19 administrative villages, 116 natural tun, 161 villagers groups. Township administrative area of 777 square kilometers.

Yao Township of Lizhou Jurisdiction: Peace, Pingbu, Liangfu, Baida, Aishan, Fuxiang, Nanglao, Laoshan, Fanchang and other 9 administrative villages, 75 natural tun, 115 villagers groups. The administrative area of the township is 262.38 square kilometers.

Badu Yao nationality Township Jurisdiction: Nangang, Liuzhang, Nali, Dongpeng, Badu, Boe, Hetang, Liulin, Nabao, Ding Meng, Zhitang and other 17 village administrative villages, 123 natural tun, 138 village groups. The administrative area of the township is 701 square kilometers.

Bagui Yao Township Jurisdiction: Bagui, Bagao, Bajiang, Pingliu, Baxiu, Weibiao, Liudan, Longwa, Guopu, Zhida, Yanlin, Tanhe and other 12 administrative villages, 89 natural tun, 104 village groups, administrative area of 382 square kilometers.

Nabi village Jurisdiction: Nabi, six Yin, six bang, Punong, Nara 5 administrative villages, 46 natural tun, 51 villagers groups. The total area of the administrative area is 236.24 square kilometers.

Pingtang township Jurisdiction: Longguhuai, Xingliu, Pingtang, Tongxiang, Maocaofao, Longwei, Maopotian, Weihe, Liuchi, Pingji and other 10 administrative villages, 142 natural tun, 107 villagers groups. The administrative area covers 194 square kilometers.

Langping township Jurisdiction: Langping, Nongyang, Yangcun, Tanghe, Weigui, Nongtuo, Xihua, Xiaoao, Jiangdong and other 20 administrative villages, 278 villagers groups, 309 natural tun, administrative area of 459.99 square kilometers.

Gaolong township Jurisdiction: the car, Gaoguo, Nongnan, Weishan, new village, Weirong, Dayao 7 administrative villages, 65 natural tun, 47 villagers group. The administrative area is 266.2 square kilometers.

Bailer village Jurisdiction: Baille, Bangan, root, eight holes and other 7 villages, 59 natural tun, 90 villagers group. The administrative area of the township is 532 square kilometers.

Shemiao township Jurisdiction: Miao, Zhihua, Weilong, Bazhong, Blum, Baheng, Liuheng 7 administrative villages, 38 natural tun, 47 village groups. The administrative area is 263.01 square kilometers.

Geographical environment

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landform

The county is located in the transition zone from Guangxi Hills to Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. There is Qinglong Mountain to the northeast, Jinzhong Mountain to the northwest, and LiuShaoshan Mountain to the south as an outer barrier. Throughout the northeast, northwest, southwest and central higher. It inclines gradually to the southeast and north. Geomorphic type counties are mainly mountainous, consisting of earth mountains (sandstone and shale) and stone mountains. ^[7]

The county area is nearly square, are mountainous, there is no plain, there is 2026.5 meters above sea level "roof ridge of the west of Guangxi" Cenwang old mountain, there are also 200 meters above sea level valley lowland, vertical height difference is obvious. The whole terrain, northeast, northwest, southwest and central high, the river to the northwest, north and southeast diversion. The stone mountain is concentrated in the northeast and northwest of the county, with many karst caves; The rest are earth hills, with deep forests and dense grass; There are more than 200 peaks above 1000 meters above sea level, with peaks and hills. Due to the difference of terrain, sunshine, radiation, heat and rainfall, three climate zones are formed: warm, warm and cool, and high and cold. The county has "three most" : a total area of 5,577 square kilometers, ^[2] It is the largest autonomous region. ^[8]

Hydrological characteristics

The river length of the county is 866.3 kilometers, the river surface is 30 ~ 100 meters wide, the river bed is 2 ~ 6 meters high, the total basin area is 5577 square kilometers, the water surface area is more than 12,388.48 hectares, and the average discharge of 57.14 cubic meters per second for many years. Most of the rivers are seasonal rivers, and the water supply mainly comes from precipitation, which varies greatly from year to year, and the discharge in wet season is different from that in dry season. Wet years (waterlogging years) often cause waterlogging disaster, dry years (drought years) often appear drought. There is more surface runoff in mountainous area and less surface runoff in karst area. The rivers in the territory are divided into two major water systems, You River and Nanpan River, and there are 12 rivers with a rainwater collection area of more than 100 square kilometers. ^[9]

The following are the rivers in Tianlin County with a drainage area of more than 50km² : ^[10]

A river with a drainage area of more than 50km² in Tianlin County
river	Passing township	river	Passing township
Xijiang River ( Nanpan River )	Old state town, Lucheng Yao Township, Baille township	Xinzhai River	Badu Yao nationality Township
Banjian River	Guizhou Town	Nongtaung	Badu Yao nationality Township
Guju River	Guizhou Town	Badu River	Badu Yao nationality Township
Binh Lam Chaung	Guizhou Town	Nang Chaung	Badu Yao nationality Township
Genlong	Lu Cheng Yao Township, old state town	Xijiang River	Nabi Township, Baigui Yao Township
Baile River	Lang Ping Township, Baille Township	Nara	Nabi village
Baihua River	Bailer village	Heihacha	Nabi village
Banjiang River	Bailer village	Inward stream	Nabi village
Changmai River	Bailer village	Nabi	Nabi village
Genbyeo	Lucheng Yao Township, Baille township	Nongwa River	Bagui Yao Township
Paechih	Lucheng Yao Township, Baille township	Chesen River	Lucheng Yao Township, Bagui Yao Township, Liulong town
Baodong River	Lu Cheng Yao Township	Liudan River	Bagui Yao Township
Bulliu	Yao Township of Lizhou	Hachiko	Leli town, Baigui Yao Township
Nahon Chaung	Langping township	Nengliang Chaung	Leli town, Liulong Town
Yu River ( Danda Niangang )	Ding 'an Town, Badu Yao Township, Bagui Yao Township	Tongnong River	Liulong Town
Mok	Ding 'an Town	Lorey Chaung	Lu Cheng Yao Township, Le Li town
Nam Mun Chaung	Ding 'an Town	Pingi	Lu Cheng Yao Township
Pingli	Pingtang Township, Ding 'an town	Baion	Lu Cheng Yao Township
Batan	Ding 'an Town, Badu Yao Township	Kai man stream	Lury Town
Bazhong River	Lucheng Yao Township, Miao Township, Badu Yao Township	Lizhou Chaung	Li Zhou Yao Township, Le Li town
Bium	Pingtang Township, Miao township	Loyi Chaung	Liulong Town
Zhemiao River	Shemiao township

Climatic characteristics

The climate of the county is subtropical monsoon climate type. Because it is at a low latitude, the solar radiation is strong, the temperature is high, the heat is rich, the rainfall is moderate, the climate is warm, the summer is long and the winter is short in most areas, the frost period is short, and the rain is hot in the same season. However, with the rise of altitude, different landforms, regional and seasonal differences in climate are large, forming many different microclimates, providing a variety of climatic conditions for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry production. ^[11]

Plant resources

The field forest now covers 200,000 mu Badu bamboo shoot The production base, with an annual output of more than 600 tons of dried bamboo shoots, was awarded the reputation of "China's Badu Town of bamboo shoots" in 2009. Tung oil The output ranks first in the county, the county has 600,000 mu of forest area, an annual output of about 40,000 tons of tung oil, tung oil products free from inspection export.

Tianlin biological species are rich, there are unique Tianlin ginger flower , ^[12] Tian Lin Sizi dragon , ^[13] Tian Lin Ma honeysuckle ( Rhododendron tianlin ) ^[14] Such species. wild Reishi Ganoderma lucidum liquor and Ganoderma lucidum oral liquid series products are exported to foreign countries. Rich in Chinese herbal medicine resources, known as China's rare "natural medicine library", there are natural ganoderma lucidum, Eucommia ulmoides , Radix polygoni multiflori More than 1200 kinds of Chinese herbs. ^[2]

Land resources

The total land area of the county is 557,700 hectares. In 1980, there were 18,174.33 hectares of cultivated land, accounting for 3.26% of the total area, including 7,792.93 hectares of paddy fields and 10,381.40 hectares of dry land. 64.20 hectares, accounting for 0.01%; The land was 90,315.60 ha (48.24%). 36,451.08 hectares of grazing land, accounting for 6.54%; Residential and industrial land use is 445%, accounting for about 0.80%; 2,585.33 hectares of transportation land, accounting for 0.46%; The water area is 13,020.40 hectares (2.34%); Shishan wasteland is 19,600.13 hectares, accounting for 35.25%; The other 17,310.93 hectares, accounting for 3.10%.

From 1981 to 1990, the county occupied 17.07 hectares of farmland for urban and rural construction, 14.13 hectares of farmland for rural construction, a total of 31.20 hectares. At the end of 1990, there were 20,587.80 hectares of cultivated land, 2,413.47 hectares more than in 1980, paddy fields decreased by 185.40 hectares, and drylands increased by 2,598.87 hectares.

In 1990, the county had 7,909.53 hectares of land, accounting for 1.42% of the total area; There are 104,059.20 hectares of wasteland suitable for agriculture, forest and animal husbandry, accounting for 18.65% of the total area of the county, with a per capita rate of 0.49 hectares.

Animal resources

The county is located in the subtropical zone, the climate is warm, the forest is thick, suitable for the reproduction of all kinds of animals, animal resources are rich.

There are mainly animals Spotted deer , macaque , pangolin , ursine , Stump-tailed monkey , Lepus chinensis , Red belly, Squirrel , chipmunk , Long kiss , Forest musk deer , Golden cat , Civet cat , Civet cat , otter , somenbok , Black bear , leopard , Flying tiger Red spring leopard, sesame leopard, red muntjac, little muntjac, wild boar, wild dog, civet cat, hedgehog, tail porcupine, Chinese bamboo mouse, silver star bamboo mouse, weasel, jackal, Pahmi, fox, raccoon dog, civet, yellow Wolf, leopard, cat, wild cattle, muntjac and so on.

The animals listed as the second and third categories of national protection are: South China tiger, clouded leopard, leopard, forest musk deer, pangolin, golden cat, macaque, short tail monkey, Sumatra antelope, small civet cat, big civet cat, black bear. Bears, leopards and tigers are on the verge of extinction due to overhunting. In recent years, wild cats and snakes have been hunted for their skins, which has affected the ecological balance and led to the proliferation of rats.

Birds include pheasant, pheasant, pheasant, egret, owl, red pheasant, fall pheasant, ringnecked pheasant, key pheasant, Golden pheasant, Black-necked pheasant, Bitter bird, mountain dove, little cuckoo, Brown-winged pheasant, Kingfisher, Blue Emerald, red-eared bustard, White Monkey bustard, white-headed bustard, Brown-back barra, Black Drongo, Golden wing, white-rumped pheasant, white-faced Chickadee, House Sparrow, Tree sparrow, Black Pillow, bamboo pheasant, pheasant-tailed pheasant, and Picta Eyebrow, bird, chickadee, myna, partridge, crow, magpie, woodpecker, eagle, stork, teal, cuckoo, oriole, etc.

Thrush, myna and partridge have high economic value. Pheasant, pheasant, pheasant and pheasant pheasant have been listed as national protected animals.

The main snakes are golden ringed snake, silver ringed snake, wind snake, cobra, south snake, three-line snake, five-step snake, Wan snake, mountain snake, rope snake, white snake, bamboo leaf green, water snake, horsehair snake, lizard, clam and so on. Gacoccus, cobra, silver ringed snake, southern snake and golden ringed snake have higher economic value.

The main insects are bees, wasps, hornets, bamboo bees, butterflies, cicadas, mantises, crickets, centipedes, spiders, earthworms, dragonflies, ants, snails, burial insects, longicans.

The main fish are Salmon , Crucian carp , mulan fish, Bramble fish , caper , terrapin , Grass carp , carp , Silver carp , Pond horn , eel , loach , Hairy crab , saw brush fish, catfish , spotted starfish, greenback Su Heiling. Water fish have high economic value.

Amphibians are mainly Giant salamander ( Giant salamander ), Sansei , Frog , tortoise, Eagle-billed turtle , clam , screw , crab Etc., the first five listed National protected animals . ^[15]

Mineral resources

County territory metal minerals are lead, antimony, copper, iron, gold and so on; Non-metallic minerals are coal, crystal, limestone and so on. Reserves of some species are not yet known.

lead mine Distributed in Nafu, Nathang, Fantun, reserves of about 500 tons. Ore grade: 5% lead, 7% zinc, 4% copper, 156g silver per cubic meter, 32g gold per cubic meter.

antimony mine Mainly distributed in the six forests of Badu, Gaolong, Baile, the board of peaches, Lucheng Pinghong, Longcar Baihua, Langping Weigui, big Dongzi, dragon cat, fire trough, well bay, Pingtang small ground dam, Wei Wei each, Wei Luo, the old state of Pinglin, the Xiang, Ding 'an Weiwei Secret, Le new and the Punong and so on. The Punong and Liulin mines are the best, containing more than 50% of antimony in 1 cubic meter of antimony sulfide ore. The reserves of the mines have not yet been discovered.

gold mine More than 30 mines were found in Gaolong, Pingshan, Badu, Lizhou, Pingtang and other townships, scattered and all of them were of first grade. These mines were discovered by the second geological team of Guangxi Geological Bureau. Gaolong Jigongyan mine was opened in 1989, the output is relatively considerable.

copper mine Mainly distributed in Badu that lane, wave flat on the trumpet, unknown reserves, low grade.

iron mine Distributed in Pingtang Wei each, Wei Luo, Pingshan big Bao, three states of Longche. Reserves are unknown.

tin mine A residual pulse was found in the mountain behind the house of Bagui Township, but it has not yet been discovered.

mercury mine A mine was found in Baida village, Lizhou Township, with a reserve of about 20 kg.

coal mine It is mainly distributed in the Weiluo of Gaoguo Village and Pingtang Township, Gaolong Township, with reserves of 210,000 tons, belonging to C1 class, but the coal seam is thin.

aluminum Earth and ore There are Dabao, Weiluo and other mines, reserves of about 20,000 tons, alumina contains only 25% of metal aluminum.

Crystal mine It is mainly distributed in Xihua of Langping Township, Dabao of Pingshan Township and Pingtang Township, with a reserve of about 10 tons.

ferrotitanium Ore sand It is mainly distributed in Liulin, Dongnong and Zheyun, with reserves of about 100,000 tons and ore content of about 30%.

petroleum The extent of the resources remains to be further ascertained.

gesso A mine was found in Pingshan Township.

vanadium mine Scattered distribution, mainly in the first class, part of the second class, found in Badu area.

vermillion mine The distribution is sparse and the primary content is mainly found in the vicinity of the old state compression-torsion fault.

limestone It is mainly distributed in Langping, Pingshan, Longche, Gaolong and Pingtang townships.

Iceland SPAR It is mainly distributed in Langping, Pingshan, Longche, Gaolong, Pingtang and other townships.

ferrosilicon mine It is mainly distributed in Gaolong, Lizhou, Pingtang, Badu and other townships.

traffic

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EDITOR

highroad

Whole county Rural highway The traffic mileage is 1931.13 km, including 330.47 km of provincial roads, 393.55 km of county roads, 66.49 km of township roads and 1140.62 km of village roads. The annual turnover of highway passengers and freight was 28.872 million tons kilometers ^[38] All townships and administrative villages have buses, and all townships have buses running to and from each other.

The main traffic arteries in the county are 324 National Highway (Panxian - Baise Highway), National Highway 357 And G78 Shantou - Kunming Expressway (Lombard Highway), other roads lead to it Longlin nationalities autonomous county , Yunnan Province The 217 provincial routes and access Lingyun county , Leye county 794 County Road, etc.

National Highway 324 , G78 Shantou - Kunming Expressway : From Baise City Youjiang District Wangdian Yao Township entry, way Lury Town , Lu Cheng Yao Township , Guizhou Town Etc., into Longlin County Shali Township;

National Highway 357 : From Lingyun County Chaoli Yao Township Entry, way Yao Township of Lizhou , Lury Town, Liulong Town , Bagui Yao Township , Badu Yao nationality Township , Ding 'an Town Etc, enter Xilin county Narao Town ;

217 provincial highway (Old State to Nara Highway) : Connect Guizhou Province 312 Provincial highway, from Guizhou Province Ceheng county Badu Town Entry by car, route Guizhou Town , Pingtang township Longlin County Jieting township Tianlin County Nabi village Wait, connect Yunnan Province Provincial Route 239 enters Yunnan Province Funing county Ayong township ;

County Road 794 (Leye to Hekou Highway) : from Lingyun County Jade Hong Yao Township Entry, way Langping township , Yao Township of Lizhou Lury town, etc.

External traffic under construction : Tian Xi Expressway .

Planning and construction Badu Highway Bridge Instead of 217 provincial highway eight ferry ferry.

2022 On December 29, Tianlin-Xilin Expressway (Tianxi Expressway for short) in Guangxi was officially opened to traffic ^[39] .

railway

Tianlin existing Nan-kunming railway In the near future, it is planned to build a second line of Nan-Kunming Railway Baise to Wishe section, and Xingyi to Baise Railway ( Xing Bai passenger line , planning department Kunzhen-shenzhen high-speed railway Some) are in the process of pre-planning.

Population nationality

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EDITOR

Tianlin County has an administrative area of 5,577 square kilometers, which is the largest county in Guangxi. There are Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Yi, Mulam, Dong, Hui, man, Buyi and other nationalities. The total population of the county is 300,000. ^[41]

Lury Town : Inhabited by Zhuang, Han, Yao and other ethnic groups. The total number of households is 36,000 in 9,358 households.

Guizhou Town : Zhuang, Han, Yao, Hui four ethnic groups. The town has a total population of 21,165 people, and the government resident population is more than 3,500 people.

Liulong Town : There are Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao and other four ethnic groups. In 2014, the total number of households is 5,240, with a total population of 21,691 people, which is the largest resettlement base for poverty alleviation in the region Tiandong county , Tianyang county Longlin Ethnic Autonomous County, Napo county , Debao county Lingyun County and the county of Langping town, Pingtang Township and other poor Dashiishan area.

Ding 'an Town : Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Yi and other five ethnic groups. 13,912 people in total. Yangrong Village and Changjing Village in Ding 'an Town are poor villages, with a poor population of 4,327 people.

Langping Town : Inhabited by Zhuang, Han, Yao and other nationalities. At the end of 2014, there were 8,041 households in the township, with a total population of 32,456 and a labor force of 18,834.

Lu Cheng Yao Township : Living in Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao, Buyi, Manchu and other six ethnic groups, 6926 households 27,565 people (including 26,256 agricultural population), Yao population 5071 people, accounting for 18.4% of the total population of the township.

Yao Township of Lizhou : In 2014, there were 3,720 households in the township, with a total population of 16,940 people, including 16,581 agricultural people and 359 non-agricultural people, among which 5,198 Yao people, accounting for 30.6% of the total population.

Bagui Yao Township : In 2013, the total number of households in the township was 3,571, with 14,799 people, and the natural population growth rate was 4.2‰. In 2013, the Yao population was 3,284, accounting for 22% of the total population.

Badu Yao nationality Township : There are four ethnic groups: Zhuang, Yao, Han and Miao, among which the Yao population is 4972, accounting for 21.33%, the agricultural population is 22880, and the non-agricultural population is 427.

Gaolong township : Living in Zhuang, Han, Yao, Miao and other 4 ethnic groups, the total population of 8685 people at the end of 2013, of which, Han accounted for 71.2%, the agricultural population of 1808 households 8425 people.

Nabi village : Inhabited by Zhuang, Han, Yao and other nationalities. The total population of 8993 people, of which 1281 Han, 6903 Zhuang, 786 Yao, 23 other ethnic groups, the township has 2115 agricultural households 8812 people, labor force 5263 people.

Pingtang township : In 2014, there were 3423 households in the township, with a total population of 13779 people, including 5338 Zhuang people and 463 Miao people.

Bailer village : Zhuang, Han, Yao three ethnic groups. 12,900 people in 2,950 households.

Shemiao township : Zhuang, Han, Buyi three ethnic groups; There were 9,955 people in 2,546 households, including 9,681 people in agriculture; The number of people living in poverty in 2014 was 3,262, and the poverty incidence was 33.7% ^[16]

According to the seventh census data, as of midnight on November 1, 2020, the permanent population of Tianlin County was 224,828. ^[36]

nation

Resident in Tianlin County The Han nationality , The Zhuang nationality , The Miao nationality , The Hui nationality , The Yao nationality , The Zang nationality , The Jingpo nationality, living in Yunnan Province , The Blang nationality (living in Yunnan Province) , The Bouyei nationality, living in Yunnan Province , The Achang nationality, living in Yunnan Province , The Hani nationality , Xibe nationality , Pumi nationality , The Mongolian nationality , The Nu nationality, living in Yunnan Province , Jino people , De 'ang nationality , The Shui nationality, living in Yunnan Province , Manchu , The Drong nationality, living in Yunnan Province and Uighur nationality And other nationalities.

In 1990, the county has a total of 1356 natural villages, most of the ethnic groups are clustered together, there are a few zhuang Han mixed, Zhuang Yao mixed, Han Yao mixed. Places where ethnic groups live together have always lived in harmony and peace, and there has been no ethnic conflict. Zhuang villages are mostly distributed in rivers, river terraces and low hills and hills, and there are Zhuang people living in every township (town) in the county.

The Yao people mostly live in the high mountains with dense forests and lush grass at an altitude of 800 to 1000 meters. Mainly distributed in Lizhou, Lucheng, Bagui, Nongwa, Fuda, Badu and other six Yao townships. Among them, Bagui Township is the largest, accounting for 30.6% of the total population of the township, followed by Lizhou Township accounted for 20.18%, Lu urban and rural accounted for 25.20%, Fuda Township accounted for 21%, Badu Township accounted for 20%, and Longwa Township accounted for 18%. The Yi people live in Changjing Village in Ding 'an Town, accounting for 1.43% of the town's total population. Back, Manchu, Mongolia, Beijing, Buyi, Mulam ethnic groups scattered in Lucheng, Le Li, old state, Ding 'an and other towns. ^[17]

Language

The languages spoken by the ethnic groups in Tianlin are Zhuang language , Chinese , Yao language , Miao language , Bouyei language Let's wait. The main language of communication in the county is the northern dialect of Zhuang dialect and Southwest mandarin . There are 14 townships (towns and ethnic townships) in the county, except Langping Town Other than Zhuang dialect, the remaining towns all use the northern Zhuang dialect and southwest Mandarin. Usage of major dialects in Tianlin:

(1) Beizhuang Guibian dialect is distributed in other towns and counties except Langping Town.

(2) Some people in the vernacular county will speak.

(3) Pinghua is distributed in some villages.

(4) Hakka Distributed in Leri, old state, Pingtang, Gaolong, Lucheng 5 towns and individual villages.

(5) Southwest mandarin It is distributed in the county, Langping, Pingtang and other towns and villages, and is also the main communication language. The southwestern Mandarin spoken in Longping Township is slightly different from other townships, and Longping Alpine Chinese is widely spoken in Longping Township ^[18] (Suspected to be southwest Mandarin - Sichuan and Guizhou slices - Guizhou small pieces ^[19] ), other dialects used in the towns belong to the southwest Mandarin - Guiliupian - Guibei Xiaopian ^[19] .

(6) Mian Mian language - Jin dialect Jinmen native language blue indigo Yao used.

(7) Miao Language.

(8) Boui language.

(9) Southeast dialect of Yi.

economy

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EDITOR

summarize

On May 9, 2020, it was approved by the People's Government of the autonomous region to withdraw from the poverty-stricken county sequence ^[21] .

On August 27, 2021, it was identified by the Office of the Central Rural Work Leading Group and the National Rural Revitalization Bureau as the national Rural revitalization key help Fuxian County ^[37] .

In 2022, the county's gross domestic product is 9.733 billion yuan, at constant prices, an increase of 5.3%. By industry, the added value of the primary industry was 2.764 billion yuan, up by 4.5% year-on-year; The added value of the secondary industry was 3.863 billion yuan, up 12.4% year on year; The added value of the tertiary industry was 3.106 billion yuan, up 0.9% year-on-year. ^[40]

In 2023, the county's gross regional product jumped to 10 billion yuan for the first time, reaching 10.72 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7%, ranking second in the city's growth rate, ninth in the region, and 80th in the region's total. ^[42]

Primary industry

After the establishment of Tianxi County, the construction Department was set up to control agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, water conservancy and other work. Agricultural production is based on grain. In the 24th year of the Republic of China (1935), the total output of 13,819,200 jin, rice accounted for 71.65%, corn accounted for 25.81%, per capita grain 339 jin; The total output in 31 years was 21,362,900 jin, with a per capita grain supply of 444.77 jin. In 26 years, he founded Tian Xi Farm, veterinary control center and nursery. In 27 years, the county has a natural public forest area accounting for 80% of the total area of the county, and 870 acres of artificial afforestation (according to the Annals of Tianxi County). There are more than 5000 large livestock (pieces), pigs, chickens, ducks most of the farmers are fed.

After liberation, the administration of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and water conservancy industries was established and improved, and various technical guidance institutions were set up below the bureau. In addition, there is also a county agricultural committee with offices and agricultural economic stations to guide, organize and coordinate agricultural production. The county's agricultural production, as a whole, showed an increasing trend. However, from 1955 to 1960, grain production declined year by year due to changes in production relations that did not adapt to the development of productive forces and natural and man-made disasters. In 1960, the total output was only 0.1716 million kg. After 1960, grain output increased year by year, reaching 79 million kg in 1982. From 1984 to 1986, due to the neglect of grain production, the disrepair of water conservancy, the change of rice from two seasons to one season, and the impact of natural disasters, grain production dropped year by year to 0.628 million kg in 1986. Nevertheless, it is a subsistence county. In 1990, total grain production rose again to 79 million kilograms. From 1952 to 1985, the annual increase of forestry output value was 10.9 percentage points. In 1990, the output value of forestry accounted for 26.31% of the total output value of agriculture. In 1990, there were 77,528 cattle, 30,470 horses, donkeys and mules, 122,120 pigs and 2,541 sheep, with an output value of 13.88 million yuan, an increase of 23.4 percentage points over 1985, accounting for 21.84 percent of the total agricultural output value. From 1980 to 1987, the output value of the sideline industry increased by an average of 5.3 percentage points annually. In 1990, the output value of the sideline industry was 6.87 million yuan, an increase of 14.12 percentage points over 1987, accounting for 10.81 percent of the total output value of agriculture. Fishery production, from 1954 to 1967, the output increased year by year; From 1968 to 1977, the output decreased year by year. After 1978, there was a new turning point; In 1979, fish production was 58,350 kg; From 1980 to 1985, the average annual increase of fish production was about 25 percentage points, and in 1990, the output of fish was 182.1 tons, an increase of 2.12 times that of 1979. There are more than 80 kinds of local specialties, which have been developed and utilized. Tung oil, Badu bamboo shoots and cloud fungus are the most famous, and the output increases year by year. In 1987, the output value was 8.927,800 yuan, accounting for 11.65% of the total agricultural output value. In 1990, the output value was 18.17 million yuan, an increase of 1.03 times that of 1987, accounting for 28.6 percent of the total agricultural output value. From 1953, the state began to invest in water conservancy construction, and the effective irrigation area expanded from 1333.33 hectares in 1952 to 7373.33 hectares in 1990, and the guaranteed harvest area increased from 1180 hectares to 4994.13 hectares, which initially laid the foundation for disaster resistance. ^[22]

In 2017, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery was 2.39 billion yuan, an increase of 5.9 percent year-on-year. The construction of five demonstration bases of 300,000 mu has achieved outstanding results. Tianlin County Forestry Industry Demonstration Park was selected as Guangxi modern characteristic agriculture Demonstration zone at county level, and Leli Mango industry (core) demonstration Zone was named Baise modern characteristic Agriculture Demonstration Zone; The number of large-scale livestock and poultry farms was increased by 243, 14 township animal quarantine reporting points were standardized, and pilot projects of "Internet + quarantine certification" were carried out in an innovative way. New business entities developed vigorously, 168 villagers' cooperatives were established, and 52 specialized cooperatives and 21 family farms were added. ^[20]

Secondary industry

During the Republic of China, there was only seasonal handicraft production. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, it gradually developed into food, machinery, building materials, electricity, mining and mineral processing, sewing, printing, papermaking, chemical industry, transportation, wood processing, feed processing and other industries. In 1990, there were 24 state-owned enterprises (23 county-owned), 11 county-owned collective enterprises and 15 township (town) collective enterprises. The total industrial output value accounted for 23.18% of the total industrial and agricultural value of the county, and the economic benefit was relatively low. The original value of fixed assets of industrial enterprises was 22.472 million yuan, and the net value was 18.953 million yuan; Sales revenue of 100 yuan net fixed assets was 92.49 yuan. ^[23]

After liberation, during the socialist transformation period, some private enterprises were transformed into Public-private partnership Or a cooperative enterprise. In 1958, when the people's communes were turned into communes and brigades, all individual and joint venture (cooperative) enterprises were assigned to the collective management of communes and brigades, and they became commune and subordinated enterprises, and a number of commune and subordinated enterprises were set up. After 1961, after adjustment, a number of commune and brigade enterprises with poor economic efficiency were suspended. During the period of "Cultural Revolution", commune and brigade enterprises developed slowly and their economic benefits were poor. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, commune and brigade enterprises developed healthily. In the mid-1980s, commune and brigade enterprises were renamed township enterprises, and village and household enterprises were included in the category of township enterprises. In 2017, the largest industrial investment project since the county, the 300,000-ton electrolytic aluminum project of Baikuang Tianlin, was successfully completed, the 400,000-ton anode carbon project was settled and started, and the Wa Village hydropower Station project accelerated. ^[20]

Tertiary industry

After liberation, the county people's Government was established in 1950. In 1951, we suppressed banditry and chaos, carried out land reform, restored the economy and ensured supply, and the urban and rural economy recovered rapidly. In 1952, the industrial and commercial section was set up and the market of Leli and Lucheng was restored. State-owned commerce and collective commerce have been established, and private industry and commerce have been put on the right track. In 1954, the policy of "utilization, restriction and transformation" was adopted for private industry and commerce to encourage rational operation, and 25 private merchants formerly engaged in the trading of grain and oil, cotton cloth and salt were helped to conclude contracts with state companies for the sale, contract purchase and processing of goods. This year, the total amount of goods distributed and sold on commission was 89,500 yuan, 13.15% of the total amount of private goods of 1,367,600 yuan.

In 1955, the central government implemented the policy of "overall consideration, comprehensive arrangement, and positive transformation", and gradually incorporated small vendors into the collective management track in the form of cooperative shops and cooperative groups, and set up 1 cooperative hotel with 15 households and 3 cooperative economic groups with 11 households. By the end of the year, state businesses accounted for 35.12 percent of retail sales, supply and marketing cooperatives for 47.98 percent, and private businesses for 16.9 percent.

In January 1956, implementing the CPC Central Committee's "Resolution on the Transformation of Capitalist Industry and Commerce" (draft), comprehensively carried out socialist transformation of private commerce, and formed one public-private joint venture store and three stores in the department store, grocery store and catering service industry of private merchants; Public-private joint venture restaurant 1, 2 stores. For various reasons, a very small number of small traders and hawkers are allowed to continue their private business. At this point, the transformation of commerce was basically completed, and state-owned commerce and collective commerce dominated.

In 1958, the "Great Leap Forward" and people's communes were implemented, individual small traders were banned, private businesses disappeared, and commodity circulation channels were single. In the following three years, severe disasters, food shortages, commodity shortages, and people's living difficulties. During the recovery of the national economy, rural communes were allowed to have their own land and engage in sideline businesses, and some small merchants and hawkers reappeared. In 1966, the "Cultural Revolution" began, and "cutting the tail of capitalism" banned all small traders and hawkers, and all market supplies were borne by state-owned businesses.

After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, reform and opening up and individual business were restored. Small traders and hawkers are active between town and country. After 1983, the wood market attracted a large number of merchants inside and outside the area, small vendors shuttle in the rural fairs, the acquisition of cloud fungus, mushrooms, star anise, medicinal materials, clothing, small department stores, daily necessities stalls flooded the market, remote village shops mushroomed hotels, cooked food stalls flourishing. After 1988, the market was weak, wood, cloud fungus native products were unsalable, foreign merchants were scarce, and the hotel and catering industry were much worse than before. ^[24]

In 2017, the service sector expanded and gained strength. There are 21 new enterprises that provide services on the regulations and limit the number of residential and catering enterprises. High-speed rail trackless station opened. The annual tourism revenue was 856 million yuan, an increase of 20%. ^[20]

Cultural undertaking

In the Song Dynasty, there were folk songs in the county. In the late Ming Dynasty, there was rap. In the early Qing Dynasty, there was dance, and Wang Weihuai, governor of Xilin County (ruled in today's Ding 'an) in 1715, was described in his poem: "A high bun and a cloud girl learn to dance waist." In the middle of Qianlong period, North Road Zhuang Opera was born. During the Republic of China period, the masses took lion dance and local opera singing as high-level entertainment, and men and women often sang folk songs in duet.

In the Qing Dynasty and before, most of the activities were organized by non-governmental organizations, including temple fair performances and performances to congratulate new officials.

After the establishment of Tianxi County, the government began to build cultural facilities, such as libraries and newspaper reading offices, which were very small. Silent films were shown in the county.

After liberation, cultural undertakings have been unprecedented development, various cultural and art management institutions have been established, and a three-level cultural network has been initially formed. Due to the organization and guidance of these institutions, cultural activities in the county have been carried out with vigor and color, traditional songs have been restored, and performance activities have been frequent.

With the implementation of the reform and opening up policy, the activities of the cultural sector have changed from free services to paid services, and the activities of "complementing literature with literature" and "helping literature with multiple industries" have increased their own development capabilities and promoted the development of a variety of cultural and recreational activities.

There are Bayliupo Neolithic sites, there are Cen's ancestral temple, there are a thousand feet of cliff, uncanny uncanny tooth Gorge, there are beautiful rhinocera pond and Meihua Mountain, there are upper and lower two layers, wonderful scenery everywhere Sanchuan Cave, there are fairyland scenery unique Xianren cave. ^[25]

In 2017, cultural and sports undertakings continued to flourish, and the national fitness campaign flourished. Successfully held the 2017 "Zhuang March 3 · Hou Dare" activity, and the opera into the campus activities were fully rolled out; National Art Fund project Zhuang opera "Yao Niang" successfully premiered in Nanning, was listed as the propaganda Department of the autonomous Region Party Committee fine art. ^[20]

Educational cause

County education began in Ming Dynasty. The Annals of Lingyun County (31st edition of the Republic of China) contains: "Mingzhengde, Jiajing (AD 1506 ~ 1566), the South China Sea Peng Yi Kui Shi in Guangxi and eastern Yunnan for more than 20 years, to the Panhu, white and black two Zhong, Lo Lo people, different sounds, edited with the three-character Sutras and sacred texts, Ming law of the relationship between human ethics, the book of Chinese characters notes Yi Yin, in order to release its Meng, so that the knowledge of benevolence and justice and poetry, with no outside in the holy, The power of education for the barbarians in the remote areas has been fulfilled." Those who can read and write are mainly the sons of Cen, Tan, Pan and Xu of the villages near the two long court offices.

In the ninth year of Qing Shunzhi (1652), there was a school of Tuosi. After the five years of Kangxi (1666), the children of the chieftain were able to take the nearest state and county examination, and "take two places". Ordinary people still "do not read poetry, do not know Chinese". But thanks to Pang's efforts to promote literacy, many are literate. By twenty years, the eight Yin Ban-Cen Huang Ban-Yangbai Tun, Old Zhou Town, had been able to write the singing version of "Taiping Spring" with the ancient Zhuang characters (by borrowing Chinese characters' phonetic meaning and pictograms). This year, Ding 'an was founded a free school, thirty years into the academy. But as a remote part of Xilin County Lucheng, no one is allowed to read. In the forty-third year of Kangxi (1704), only those who were "well versed in literature" among the children of the people under the rule of the Chieftain were allowed to take the exam together with the Han people. Fifty years, the old state set up Confucianism. Yongzheng two years (1724), Ding 'an county school. Lucheng did not receive admission until the twentieth year of Qianlong (1765). By the fifty-sixth year of Qianlong, there were more than a hundred 庠生. From the 10th year of Yongzheng to the 20th year of Guangxu, there were only 6 Jinshi, 24 Gongsheng and 2 Wuju in the county in 169 years. Guangxu thirty-three years (1907) after the abolition of imperial examinations, Xing school, old state, Le Li, Lucheng, Li Zhou and other places have set up primary schools.

During the Republic of China, the school was changed into a school. In 1935, central national basic schools were set up in all townships, and there were national basic schools in all large villages. 26, the establishment of "four counties joint Middle School", later changed to Tianxi Normal, Baise Normal, Tianxi County Junior High School. In November 2003, social unrest prevented primary and secondary schools from opening. During the 38 years of the Republic of China period, there were only six college students in the county.

After liberation, in 1950, due to banditry, the county only Lucheng, Le Li two primary schools insisted on classes. In 1951, there were 5 schools with 439 students. After 1952, the society was stable and the number of schools increased year by year. In 1953, junior high school was opened. In 1958, the "Great Leap Forward" began, one, two and three junior high schools were founded in Lucheng, old State and Ding 'an respectively, and the county began to run a high school. In 1965, there were 7 secondary schools (including 1 high school) and 408 primary schools. In 1966, various professional schools were established one after another. From 1969 to 1970, regardless of the conditions of teachers, communes run high schools, brigades run junior high schools, schools soared, teaching quality plummeted. In 1971, the school began to run junior high schools. After 1980, the school layout was further adjusted, high schools were reduced, middle schools were enriched, and primary schools were strengthened, and the teaching quality recovered. ^[26]

As of September 2018, there are 71 private kindergartens in Tianlin, of which 14 are county kindergartens, 48 are township kindergartens, 9 are village kindergartens (4 have been discontinued), 20 are for-profit private kindergartens, and the remaining 53 are non-profit private kindergartens. ^[27]

As of September 2018, there are 53 primary/central schools in operation in Tianlin ^[28] And 15 secondary schools in operation ^[29] :

Primary/Central School (Central Primary) :
Badu Central School	Liulong town central primary school	Hetang teaching site	Hirayama No. 8 Elementary School
Eight central school	Liulong Town center school	Old State Town Center School	Hirayama Central School
Baille Township central school	Dragon car Center school	Old State Central School	Pingtang Longcrooked primary school
Pak Lok primary	Lucheng Red flag primary School	Longping town Dadao primary school	Pingtang Xingliu Primary School
Bankin primary	Lucheng Twelve Bridges Elementary School	Longping Town Longping Central school	Pingtang Central School
Board peach center school	Lucheng Yao Nu primary School	Langping town committee GUI primary school	Kai man primary
Ding 'an Central school	Lucheng Central School	Longping Central School	Tianlin County second primary school
Dong Lane center school	Naby Central Elementary School	Loree Central School	Tianlin County third primary school
Wind tunnel primary	Nangcun primary school	Lizhou Laoshan Primary School	Tianlin County first primary school
Foda Central School	That little primary school	Lizhou Central School	Tianlin County special school
Goronna teaching site	Naxiong primary	Liubang primary school	Wei mi primary
Gaolong Nongnan teaching site	Nanhe primary	Liulin Village primary School	Shanvey primary
Gao Long Central School	The center school of the tile	Liulong Town Trust-Mart Hope Primary School	Xinjian primary school
The seedling center school
Secondary School:
Lee Chow secondary	Lucheng Middle School	Ding 'an secondary	It's like a one-size-fits-all school
Longping secondary	Old state secondary	Koh lung secondary	Luk Lung secondary
Hirayama Middle School	Pingtang secondary	Foda secondary	Tianlin County junior high school
Lung che secondary	Bagui secondary

Medical and health care

Tianlin existing Tianlin County People's Hospital Tianlin County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tianlin County maternal and Child Health care hospital three hospitals and all over the township Health center .

Tianlin County People's Hospital is a national second-class B-class general hospital integrating medical treatment, teaching, scientific research, prevention, health care and technical guidance center. It is an institutional and public welfare hospital. The hospital was built in 1945, covering an area of 20,062 square meters and 24,797 square meters of business space. In 2005, the National Debt Project completed the infectious ward building, in 2006, the West Guangxi Project completed the outpatient complex building, and in 2007, the second outpatient building was completed with the assistance of Guangzhou Haizhu District. In December 2012, the standardization construction project of the hospital built a new inpatient building, and in December 2013, the construction project of the rural emergency system built an emergency center. There are 382 cadres and employees, including 298 health technicians, 9 senior titles, 99 intermediate titles, and 161 junior titles. In fact, 380 beds are open, and there are 13 auxiliary departments such as pediatrics, obstetrics, gynecology, neurology (including cardiovascular), respiratory (including digestive, kidney), general surgery, orthopedics, infectious diseases, stomatology, ent, emergency department, second outpatient department, hemodialysis room, etc., including clinical and hand anesthesia, clinical laboratory, radiology, functional department and supply room. ^[30]

Tianlin County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine was founded in 1990, located in Pingmo community, Harmony Avenue, Tianlin County. The hospital planning is designed according to the national secondary Chinese medicine hospital standard. There is an outpatient and inpatient comprehensive building, which covers an area of 1879.8 square meters and a construction area of 8642.4 square meters. There are 12 TCM departments including emergency Department, Internal medicine, Pediatrics, Gynecology, Stomatology, acupuncture department, physiotherapy department, rehabilitation department, outpatient treatment department, health examination Department, Zhuang Medical Department and Yao Medical Department, as well as radiology department, laboratory department, functional examination department (B-ultrasound room, electrocardiography room), medical record statistics room, Chinese and Western dispensing room, preparation room, Chinese and Western medicine pharmacy and other medical technical departments and other professional departments. ^[31]

Tianlin County Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital is a hospital owned by the whole people, located in Loli Bridge head, under the leadership of Tianlin County Health and Family Planning Bureau. Its predecessor is Tianlin County maternal and Child Health care Hospital station, was established in July 1957, the initial construction of the hospital, there are 4 full-time staff. In the same year, Lucheng and Bagui were equipped with women's health care personnel, and midwifery stations were set up in Leli, Jiuzhou and Ding 'an to promote new midwifery and training of midwives. In December 1997, it was upgraded to "Tianlin County Maternal and Child Health Hospital" after approval by the relevant departments of higher authorities. In 2004, it won the title of "Baby-friendly Hospital" in the autonomous region. Now it has a series of medical equipment including automatic hemoglobin analyzer, biological microscope, enzyme marker, urine analyzer, automatic blood cell analyzer, full digital color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic system and computer. ^[32]

History and culture

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EDITOR

There are many kinds of folk art in Tianlin County Folk song , Traditional Chinese opera , story , rap , Folk proverbs/allegories couplets Dance , Guess a riddle Let's wait. ^[33]

Folk song

Folk songs are divided into traditional folk songs and creative folk songs. Traditional folk songs exist widely in the folk, from generation to generation, from mouth to heart; The creation of folk songs is a new folk song published in newspapers after liberation, most of which are seven words and four sentences.

Zhuang folk songs Song Dynasty Yes. Father teaches children, mother teaches daughters, the old teach the young. A song, the audience is very large, spread ten, ten hundred, spread widely, young and old are known, in-depth into all aspects of social life. Regardless of daily life, village visits, street gatherings, banquet greetings, birth and death funerals, praise and criticism of the situation, all use songs to express greetings, love and hate, wishes, respect; Road encounter, ask with song; When a woman (or man) comes to town, he will invite a song in the evening. The grand song festival is hueu gamj, or song fair. Many young men and women in the "roar dare" to meet and become married, are based on song as a medium. This kind of marriage is the best way to grow old together and never divorce.

Zhuang folk songs were created orally by the laboring people. After a long history, their ideological content and artistic form have reached a very high level. For thousands of years, Zhuang Song has been continuously created, polished and refined, and stands in the forest of national culture in the world with its distinctive national characteristics. ^[33]

Traditional Chinese opera

The opera of Tianlin County North road strong drama Main. Beilu Zhuang Opera, which is popular in the Zhuang dialect area of northwestern Guangxi Zhuang opera , stem from Guizhou Town .

"Copper" music

North Road Zhuang Opera originally called "local opera", was born in Qianlong thirty years, originated in Tianlin County Jiuzhou town. Its form has gone through the stages of eight-tone class, eight-tone sitting singing, bench play, doorway play, local play, stage play and so on. After the continuous reform of the artists, the music of North Road Zhuang Opera has 36 tones. "Normal tune" singing is the main singing style of the North Road Zhuang Opera, developed from the old Zhou folk songs, the tone is stable and clear, the melody is quiet and beautiful, has always been used by men and women. North road Zhuang opera trades more complete, the main life, Dan, martial, ugly four trades. There are small students, middle students, Vincennes, poor students, childe, old students; There are small Dan, Zhengdan, flower Dan, shaking Dan, color Dan; There are Wu Sheng, Xiao Sheng, old and Wu Dan; Clowns are big ugly, clowns, etc. Zhuang opera is sung in the local Zhuang dialect, many folk proverbs, slang and aphorisms are popular, and the main accompaniment instrument Ma Guhu is a unique instrument of Zhuang opera. Beilu Zhuang Opera was included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage protection list in 2006. ^[2]

Tian Lin is still popular Yong opera , Cantonese opera , Color tones Opera, such as alarm lamp.

story

The people of all ethnic groups in Tianlin have created one story after another in the long history of harmonious coexistence.

Mythic These stories are mostly about creation. The Zhuang people have "Bu Lutuo and Wu Lujia", the Yao people have "Yimo (Brother and sister) Making the World" (also known as "Fu Yi Brother and sister"), and the Miao people have "Mengxia waist A Zhi Hua Frost".

Legend These stories reflect local customs and historical events. Such as the wickedness and brutality of "Master Pan", the bravery and strategy of "King Wei Hao Lu Along", how "King Lang Jiang" resisted the army of the Song Dynasty, how Nong Zhigao's troops trapped Fenglou Mountain, why "October wood" grew new leaves and branches when the grass and trees withered, why the old mountain of Cen Wang got its name, and why the insect "Niang Ai" had something like a gourd to cover its face (this legend, Some places call it the "Seven Sisters").

fable There are "Butterfly", "Why does the cow always defecate to the river", "Bu Fire" (also known as "Bu De"), "Tiger and pangolin", "Magpie and Bobtail bird", "Tiger · Frog · Monkey" and so on. ^[33]

rap

Eight-tone rap is a native art form. First to entertain the gods, then to entertain men.

Bayin, which refers to eight Musical Instruments, was introduced in the early Ming Dynasty. Later, when the Zhuang people formed the eight-tone class, they used the following instruments: suona (one for each length), dizi (one for each horizontal and straight), Erhu (one for each size), qin (Yueqin or three strings), snare drum, gong, cymbals, and brass bells. There are 12 students in each class, only playing but not singing. Every red and white happy events, celebrations, gatherings have eight tone classes in activities. There are more than 10 frequently played music, the main music is "noisy music" and "eight plate head". In the 1960s, after the county cultural department excavated, the "eight-tone rap" was sorted out and named "Eight immortal drum". ^[33]

Folk sayings and proverbs

People of all ethnic groups living in the county, in the long-term life and struggle, created a concise and comprehensive, reflecting the thoughts and feelings of oral literature ballads, proverbs, allegorical sayings. It reflects the fiery struggle and boiling life in concise sentences, praises the good things, criticizes the ugly consciousness and phenomena, and some are not healthy ideological content. Because of their profound philosophy and meaning, they are widely known and deeply rooted in people's hearts. Proverbs are the essence of the language of the masses, most of them are one or two sentences, and the content involves all aspects of social life. Or encourage, or chastising, or warning, or understanding, or summing up experience. Reading wakes one up and instructs one. ^[33]

couplet

Couplets, elements are popular with the masses. Every major festive festival, people like to paste couplets in their homes or halls to express luck or express feelings. Tombstones, elegies, temples, ancestral halls, historic sites, opera houses, and even the Catholic nave all have couplets. The most solemn is the Spring Festival, every family are posted couplets, have their own writing, ask someone to write, there are from the market or bookstore to buy. Organizations also hang couplets in celebrations, festivals, meetings and other occasions to add a warm atmosphere. ^[33]

Dance

Tianlin County has a variety of dances such as spring cow dance, copper drum dance, Panwang dance, flower fan dance, flower lantern dance and eight immortal birthday dance.

Spring Bull Dance

This is a popular folk art form among the Zhuang people. Part mock dance, part mask dance. There are music and singing, generally in the north road Zhuang opera of the main tone, with a small number of color tone singing, the performance is mostly carried out in holidays. During the performance, some short and strong plays are performed first, followed by the spring bull dance. The young people move the cow's head and body (the cow's head is made of bamboo and paper, and the cow's body is sewn with native cloth dyed gray), making the shape of the cow undulate, and singing while walking. The lyrics are basically fixed, and the content is to praise the hard work spirit of cattle, encourage people to actively produce, and not miss the farming time. There are also several kinds of paper lights: headlights, colored lights, small lights, fish lights, etc., the shapes are different, and the costume of the lamp holder is the same as that of the North Road Zhuang Opera. The Spring cow dance is performed only three months a year, and some perform for five months. After the show, the cow's head is burned and rebuilt for the next year's show.

Bronze drum dance

This kind of dance is a unique folk dance of Muliangyao, which has a history of more than 200 years and is spread in Laozhai Village of Pingshan Township and Yaonutun Village of Sanyao Village of Lucheng Yao Ethnic Group. The bronze drum is a treasure carried by Muliangyao ancestors during migration and has always been regarded as a deity. Copper dancing is to commemorate the ancestors, pray for a good harvest, celebrate the festival of the semi-sacrificial and semi-entertainment activities, the annual lunar New Year's day from the third to the 30th, is the traditional time to jump copper dancing. When the Spring Festival came, the whole village gathered in the empty place on the village, presided over by the elders of the family, held the annual "treasure" ceremony, dug out the two bronze drums known as a male and a female, placed the incense table, and offered the offerings. On this day, men, women and children wear festive costumes and hold a grand drum opening ceremony. On the ground or in the hall, a male and female bronze drum with different patterns and different sounds is hanging from the wooden frame, and a huge barrel-shaped two-sided cowhide drum is also hanging. At the beginning of the drumming, the drumkeeper plays first, slowly and gently at first, gradually speeding up, and finally like a sudden storm. The two who beat the cowhide drum are the lead dancers. They dance while playing, sometimes playing front, sometimes turning around, and sometimes beating the drum hammer in turn behind the head, behind the waist, between the legs and on the drum face, forming a variety of unique dance positions. At this time, the men, women and children on the field have also joined the dance ranks, the scene is spectacular, enthusiastic and unfettered, and they congratulate the grain harvest, the six animals prosperity, health and longevity. Every year after the bronze drum dance, the bronze drum is buried underground, the location is little known.

Pantheon dance

This is a folk dance of Pangu Yao, performed during the "Return Pan Wang Wish". There are two kinds of dance: one is vowing, after a gongs and drums sound, the four masters each hold four incense sticks for "incense", singing while dancing, inserting a incense stick each time, which is the beginning of the whole "dancing Pan King" and also the beginning of vowing. The second is to practice precepts and fulfill vows. There are 6, 8, 10, 12 people who wish to celebrate the rings, and they are led by a master and dance. This kind of dance movement is rough and warm, the emotion is unrestrained, the dance posture is simple. Due to the constraints of props, the upper body movement is not large, the main action in the arm, waist, hip, knee, ankle. Its movement features are mainly manifested in the ups and downs of the body, 180 degree rotation, regular knee flexion and extension, solemn expression, meticulous movements, reflecting the Yao people's brave, hard-working, not afraid of violence character characteristics.

Flower fan Dance

This dance is Zhuang nationality dance, originated in Banjian village of Jiuzhou town. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were dozens of girls in Banjian Village who were sisters of different names, and they were united and mutual assistance, intimate, and went together when they encountered social activities. When singing folk songs with young men, it is customary to use flower fans as embroidered wreaths to imitate embroidery movements and rotate flower fans. It has since been slowly normalized. Later, the third generation of North Road Zhuang Opera Taiwan division Cen Huiming (young white) went to Huang Caiyu for advice, learn to turn the fan action, use the North Road Zhuang opera, become a string of actions, so the North Road Zhuang Opera has "the fan, the sword" said. The flower fan dance has been passed down, refined and processed by the teachers in the past dynasties to form the flower fan dance and the fan method of the North Road Zhuang Opera.

Lantern Dance

This dance is Zhuang nationality dance, also known as alarm lamp. Influenced by the nearby Lingyun County, it was introduced by the old Lizhou artist Guan Bixi, and was produced in the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. At that time, the production of successive harvests, six animals thriving, people attributed all this to Shennong, they held colorful lanterns to parade through the streets, sing praise to Shennong, kneeling to the goddess of mercy, is half sacrificial and half self-entertainment activities, slowly evolved into lantern dance. Lantern dance is generally not on the stage, only in the flat square performance. Accompanied by gongs and drums, they walk in a figure of eight or a big circle, and then perform in five steps: labor competition, in the form of folk song duet; Festive harvest, with the form of dance performance; Congratulate the good year, with the New Year dance and the form of walking lights; Praise Shen Nong, with worship dance performance; Sing peace, with lights dance performance. It ends with a lion dance.

The Eight Immortals birthday dance

This dance is Zhuang nationality dance, originated in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, is a kind of self-entertainment dance with strong mythological color. During the temple fair on the sixth day of the sixth lunar month, dozens of men and women dressed in costumes, armed with swords and knives, holding red cloth and colorful flowers, beating gongs and drums, carrying Bodhisattvas in parades, greeted by each family with firecrackers, intended to exorcise demons and pray for peace. In the evening, the lights in front of the City God Temple, heads gathered, the Taoist leader led the disciples to chant the Sutras to do the Taoist temple, to the climax, by 8 people respectively play Lv Dongbin and other eight immortals dancing and dancing, holding red cloth and colorful flowers, first read the white: The gods come down to earth, flowers all over the ground, town god Xi day to the eight immortals on the roof, and then declare their names, the hands of the red cloth, colorful flowers to form the word "longevity", singing and dancing. ^[33]

Local specialty

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Badu bamboo shoot

Bamboo shoots and bamboo shoots^[34]

Badu bamboo shoot As the summer bamboo shoot of Badu in Tianlin County, Baise City, Guangxi Province, is a famous traditional specialty of Tianlin County with a long history. It was listed as emperor tribute in Qing Dynasty. At that time, Cen Chunxuan (a favored official in the Qing Dynasty, prince Shaobao after the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi) family sent a special person to the village of Boe, Badu Township, to purchase into the capital. During the Daoguang period of the Qing Dynasty, Guangdong businessmen went up the Pearl River to Tianlin County to buy Badu bamboo shoots and cloud fungus, and sold them to Southeast Asian countries by water. ^[34]

Edible mushroom

The edible fungi grown in Tianlin County are of good quality, with large flowers and short stalks, and the annual output is about 137 tons. Tianlin County more famous fungi are mainly cloud fungus, cloud fungus referred to as cloud ear, is the traditional export specialty of Tianlin, products big meat thin, crystal transparent, good quality, mainly used for food, medicine. All townships (towns) have production, but there is no large-scale production, mainly for farmers scattered cultivation and wild. At present, the annual output of cloud fungus is about 10 tons. ^[35]

Scenic spot

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Tian Linyu became one of the triggers of the Second Opium War, which shocked the Chinese and foreign countries." The Xilin teaching plan (also known as The Ma Shenfu incident ) Ruins, Da Yang Pan, Zhou

Dongba power station

Maxia Valley, Pingtang Old Wolf Cave, Pingshan three holes, Xianren Cave, "the first peak in the west of Guangxi" Cenwang old Mountain primitive forest scenic spot. People of all ethnic groups are good at singing and dancing, and the melody of "Guaiya" is qinling to people's heart. Zhuang nationality song festivals, March Three Song festivals, Yao nationality Panwang Festival, copper drum dance, pole dance, toast songs, Han nationality folk songs, suona, Eight imens, Crying and marriage songs, Miao and Yi nationality marriage customs, as well as the ancient vertebrate fossils in Pingtang and the ancient residential buildings of Qing Dynasty in Ding 'an Town constitute the unique cultural landscape of Tianlin. ^[2]

Forceps isthmus

"Zhouma Gorge" is located on the Danniang River, which flows through the village of Nongwa, Bagui Yao Township, Tianlin County, from Zhouma Tun, Liulong Town, up to seven or eight hundred meters. Also known as "Yuanyang Gorge", the local name is "inner pliers". "Clamp", Zhuang language means "steep", and because of its most dangerous place of the river in two, the water narrow about 1 meter right branch called "clamp cloth" (Gong), there are rocks can be navigable; The left branch with a water width of 3 meters is called "clamp tooth" (female) and can be navigable. In the name of a wide navigable branch, it is called "clamp tooth Gorge". The gorge is 1.5 kilometers long, the stone walls on both sides are cut, the highest point is about 360 meters from the water, and the left bank is the boundary of Yunnan Province. During the dry season, the widest part of the river is more than 10 meters, and the narrowest part is 3 meters. ^[2]

Triple hole

It is located in Dabao Village, Longping Town, Tianlin County, under the third underflow cave of Baille River, hence the name. The diameter of the entrance is about 40 meters. The hole is divided into two holes. From outside the hole lazurite Step into the upper hole. The lower hole also has a wooden ladder leading to the upper hole. The upper cave is spacious and flat, and can accommodate tens of thousands of people. There are two distinct dark holes: the open hole has a "skylight"; Dark cave twists straight bucket mountain belly. In 1895, the cloud curtain Temple was built in Mingdong, with three temple floors and several Dingmu Buddhas in the dark cave. ^[2]

"Xilin Teaching Plan" site

It is located in Tianlin County Ding 'an Town Since 1852, the French aggressors sent Catholic priest Ma Lai to Ding 'an Town in Tianlin County to carry out illegal activities in the name of missionary work. Malai and others have no authority and run amokay. In February 1856, Zhang Mingfeng, governor of Xilin County, obeyed the people's will and beheaded Ma Lai and his faithful followers Bai Xiaoman and Cao GUI (female) in the Ding 'an Church, which was a shocking event at that time. The Xilin teaching plan The event, also known as The Ma Shenfu incident . France Napoleon III On this pretext, he colluded with the British invaders to launch the Second Opium War against China, and forced the Qing government to build a large Catholic church in Ding 'an Town, Xilin County seat, and Ding 'an Town has since become a stronghold for French missionaries to publicize Western religion.

In view of the special historical significance of the "Xilin Teaching Plan" as the prelude to the climax of the modern Chinese people's struggle against Western religions, the Autonomous region government listed it as a cultural relic protection unit in 1994. ^[2]

Danniang Gorge

Danda Niangang

Danniang River, located at the border of Yungui and Guangxi provinces, is located in the territory of Peakai Town, Funing County, Yunnan Province. It is 102 kilometers away from Funing County and 73 kilometers away from Baise City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Danda Niangang On the left bank is a tall primitive forest mountain, the rock wall rises a thousand feet from the bottom of the river. The danger of this gorge, the Qing Dynasty Kangxi five years, Guangxi Xilin County governor Wang Weihuai in the road through this gorge titled "boat over clamp teeth", described the work, the whole section of Duniang Gorge about 3 kilometers long.

The Danniang River basin has been listed as a natural ecological protection area by the Yunnan Provincial People's Government. ^[2]

Cen King Lao Shan

Cenwang Laoshan National Nature Reserve Located in the slope area bordering the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Guangxi Basin, it is the transition zone of the second and third echelons of China's ladder terrain. The landform is the original Zhongshan terrain of the west Guangxi Mountain outside the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the main peak Cen King Lao Shan At an altitude of 2062 meters, it is the highest peak in Baise, the top of West Guangxi, the fourth peak in Guangxi, spanning Tianlin and Lingyun counties of Lizhou, Langping, Lihong and Yuhong four townships, 20.48 kilometers long from east to west, 19.08 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 18,994 hectares, 80 kilometers away from Baise City. The reserve was established in 1955 and upgraded in 2005 National nature reserve . ^[2]

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