Management system certification

Management system Certification (e.g., to the organization Environmental management system , Quality management system or Information security management system Certification) is a method of ensuring that an organization has implemented a system to manage related aspects of its activities, products and services consistent with the requirements of its policies and related management system standards. ^[1]

This certification was developed by Western quality assurance activities.

In 1959, U.S. Department of Defense to Ministry of National Defense The military enterprises under the supply Bureau put forward the quality assurance requirements contractor "It shall be developed and maintained Operation and management An effective and economical quality assurance system consistent with the regulations ", "quality shall be fully guaranteed in all areas and processes required by the contract (e.g., design, development, manufacturing, processing, assembly, inspection, testing, maintenance, packing, storage and installation)", and two unified models for the quality assurance system are specified: Military standard MIL-Q-9858A "Quality Outline Requirements" and military standard MIL-I-45208 "Inspection System Requirements". The contractor shall prepare the "Quality Assurance Manual" according to these two models and implement it effectively. The government should check and evaluate the implementation of the documents step by step. This is actually the modern second side Quality system The prototype of the audit. This approach encourages the contractor to carry out comprehensive Quality control And achieved great success.

Later, the United States Military enterprise This experience was soon replicated by other industries Developed country Military sector adopted, and gradually promoted to Civil industry And flourished in Western countries.

With the above Quality assurance The activities of the national certification bodies are rapidly developing Product quality certification At the same time, the content of auditing the enterprise's quality assurance system has been gradually increased, and the development of quality assurance activities has been further promoted. In the late 1970s, a British certification body, BSI ( British standards institute First of all, a separate quality assurance system certification business was carried out to make quality assurance activities Second party audit Run to Third party certification It has been welcomed by all aspects and has promoted the rapid development of quality assurance activities.

Since 1987 ISO9000 Serial standard Since its inception, in order to strengthen Quality control To meet the needs of quality competition, entrepreneurs have adopted ISO9000 series standards to establish in the enterprise Quality management system , application quality System certification It soon became a worldwide trend. There are nearly 100 worldwide Country and region We are actively implementing the ISO9000 international standard and have about 40 quality systems Authorized body About 300 quality system certification bodies have been recognized, and more than 200,000 enterprises have obtained the ISO9000 quality system Certification certificate The first international multilateral recognition agreement and regional multilateral recognition agreement were also born in Guangzhou, China, on January 22, 1998 and January 24, 1998 respectively.

A set of international standards, in this short period of time has been adopted by so many countries, the impact is so widespread, which is in the history of international standardization has never been a phenomenon, has been recognized as the "ISO9000 phenomenon."

In order to adapt to Human society The development of the world trend of implementing the strategy of "sustainable development", International organization for Standardization (ISO) in June 1993 set up a huge technical committee - Environmental management Standardization Technical Committee (referred to as TC207), in accordance with the concept and methods of ISO9000, began to develop international standards for environmental management systems, and soon on October 1, 1996 released five environmental management systems. EMS ) and Environmental audit ( EA An international standard on environmental management (EM) was published in 1998. The above six standards are collectively referred to as ISO14000 A series of standards. They are:

Iso 14001:1996 Environmental Management system specifications and guidelines for use;

Iso 14004:1996 Guidelines for Environmental Management System Principles, Systems and Supporting Technologies;

Iso 14010:1996 General Principles for Environmental Audit systems;

ISO14011 : 1996 Environmental audit system audit procedure Environmental management system audit;

ISO14012 : 1996 Environmental audit system environment auditor Qualification requirements;

ISO14050:1998 Environmental management terminology.

Since then, the whole world has risen a" ISO14000 It's hot ".

World economy The development of trade activities that promote the activities, products or services involved in the business Occupational health Safety issues have received widespread attention, which has greatly promoted the development of international occupational safety and health management system standardization. In September 1996, the United Kingdom took the lead in issuing the BS8800 "Occupational Safety and Health Management System Guide" standard. Subsequently, the United States, Australia , Japan, Norse More than 20 countries also have corresponding occupational safety and health management system standards, and the development is very rapid. To this end, British standards institute (BSI), Norwegian Register of Shipping ( DNV The Occupational Health and Safety Manage-ment Systems-Specification (Occupational Health and Safety Manage-ment Systems-Specification) was developed by 13 organizations in 1999 OHSAS Evaluation series criteria, i.e OHSAS18001 "Occupational Safety and Health Management System - Specification" and OHSAS18002 "Occupational Safety and Health Management System - OHSAS18001 Implementation Guide". International organization for Standardization (ISO) has also repeatedly proposed the development of relevant International standard . Quite a few countries have already OHSAS18001 standard As a standard for enterprises to implement occupational safety and health management system, it has become a successor to the implementation ISO9000 , ISO14001 Another hot spot after international standards.