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The Trinity, the Christian doctrine, says that there is only one God, but includes the Father, the Son Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit. Although the three are different, but the essence is no difference, with the worship of chin, with the honor, with the eternal. The Trinity brings together the three central elements of the biblical understanding of God's nature: God's creation of the world, God's salvation through Jesus Christ, and God's presence with Christians and the Church through the Holy Spirit. The doctrine of the Trinity asserts that these three elements are tied to the same God. It does not mean that there is one God who creates the world, another who redeemes, and a third who is with Christians and the Church, but that the same God does these three most important things in a consistent historical process. The Trinity is mentioned in the Genesis of the Old Testament, and the New Testament provides a basis for belief in the doctrine of the Trinity, which is mainly found in the Gospel of John and Matthew and other parts. This doctrine was gradually formed after centuries of debate.
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In the early days of the Christian Church, the recorded history of the Bible does not record Jesus and the apostles discussing the Trinity. It was not until the 2nd and 3rd centuries that some of the ancient fathers began to use Greek philosophical ideas to argue for God. Since then, the discussion of God as a Trinity has heated up. By the time of the First Council of Nicaea, the Trinity had developed into an intra-church controversy. Then Constantine the Great convened the First Ecumenical Council of Nicaea, which affirmed in the Nicene Creed that "the Son and the Father are alike," but said little about the Holy Spirit. The Council also condemned the Arius sect to heresy. For more than half a century, Athanasius the theologian worked to defend and perfect the Nicene Creed. But after the Ecumenical Council, the debate about the Trinity continued for decades. There was a time when the power of the subschools in turn dominated the power of the Athanasians. The two powers fought each other with the support of the Roman Emperor until 381 AD. On February 27, 380, the Roman Emperor Theodosius I officially declared Christianity the state religion of the Roman Empire, and at the First Council of Constantinople the following year established the Nicene Creed as the "standard faith of the state." Thus the doctrine of the Trinity was established, and opposition was again suppressed. By the end of the 4th century AD, the doctrine of the Trinity had roughly taken its present form. Those who opposed the doctrine of the Trinity were tried for heresy, and some were put to death or burned at the stake. The struggle went on for centuries. Until the Middle Ages, when philosophy and psychology were used to explain the doctrine, the Trinity was fully established.
Before the Reformation, opposition to the Trinity was suppressed by force, but there were still pockets of opposition, including the Purists, who were active in France in the 12th century. After the Reformation initiated by Martin Luther, there were also sects that advocated unitarian as opposed to Trinity. The Polish Brotherhood arose in Poland and was strongly opposed to the Trinity. The Unitarian movement was immediately opposed by the Catholic Church, and was rejected by reformers such as Martin Luther, Calvin, and Zwingli. In 1689, King William III issued the Toleration Act, but prohibited anyone from speaking against the Trinity. Many were forced into exile, imprisoned or executed by the Catholic Church, the government and Protestant forces. Opponents of Trinity included Newton, William Whiston, Emanuel Swedenborg, and Servette. Servette, a Spanish theologian who opposed Trinity, was arrested and executed by the Calvinist Geneva government.
From the 18th century to the beginning of the 20th century, Unitarianism had developed to varying degrees in Europe and America. The early Seventh-day Adventists were strongly opposed to the Trinity, but changed their minds. In addition, in the 1880s, "Bible researchers" openly rejected the theological system of the Trinity, which was widely disseminated in the United States and Europe at the time. Unitarians and Trinitarians are also in conflict with each other, and individual Christian denominations do not support Trinity. Opposition to the Trinity also comes from anti-Christians, philosophers, and other religions. Christianity developed from Judaism, but Judaism believes that God has only one person, and Jews consider the doctrine of the Trinity to be a disguised form of "polytheism." Islam also believes that God is one and is not a trinity. The three main Christian denominations of Catholicism, Orthodoxy and Protestantism insist that belief in the "trinity" is necessary for Orthodox Christianity.
