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State of Kuwait (
Arabic
: Fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence fluorescence ,
English
: The State of Kuwait), commonly known as Kuwait (
Arabic
: Wu Wu Wu ; English: Kuwait), located in
Asia
west
The Persian Gulf
Northwest shore. With Saudi Arabia,
Iraq
Adjacent, east of the Persian Gulf, across the sea from Iran. The coastline is 290 km long. There are nine islands such as Bubien and Falaka, with a water area of 5,625 square kilometers. It has an area of 17,818 square kilometers.
As of September 2023, Kuwait has a population of 4.824 million,
[22]
Kuwaiti nationals accounted for about 34 per cent of the total.
[19]
The country is divided into six administrative provinces, the capital is
Kuwait City
.
[1]
It was in the 7th century
Arab Empire
Part of it. After 1871
Ottoman Empire
. Since 1899 it has been
British colony
It became independent in 1961. On August 2, 1990, by
Iraq
The invasion of the army and the resulting
Gulf War
. It was restored on 26 February 1991.
[1]
Kuwait
petroleum
And rich natural gas reserves, proven oil reserves of 14 billion tons, ranking seventh in the world. Natural gas reserves are 1.78 trillion cubic meters, ranking 18th in the world.
[1]
In 2022, Kuwait's GDP is $176 billion, per capita GDP is $39,000, and the economic growth rate is 7.6%.
[20]
- Chinese name
- The State of Kuwait [1]
- Foreign name
-
The State of Kuwait; Kuwait
[1]
د organisation ل ة an ل ك organisation ي ت (an ل ك organisation ي ت ) - Abbreviated form
- Kuwait
- continent
- Asia
- capital
- Kuwait City [1]
- Major city
- The city of Fairvanier
- National Day
- February 25th [1]
- National song
- " National anthem of Kuwait "
- Country code
- KWT
- Official language
- Arabic [1]
- currency
- Kuwaiti dinar [1]
- Time zone
- UTC+3
- Political system
- A dual constitutional monarchy
- National leader
- Ahmed Nawaf Ahmed al-Sabah [19] (Prime Minister) , Mishal Ahmed Jaber al-Sabah (Emir)
- Population number
- 4.824 million [19] [22] (September 2023)
- Population density
- 239.7 people per square kilometer [12] (2020)
- Major nationality
- Arab [1]
- Major religion
- Islam [1] (Sunni)
- Land area
- 17818 km²
- Total GDP
- $176 billion [20] (2022)
- Per capita GDP
- $39,000 [20] (Year 2021)
- International telephone area code
- 965
- International domain name abbreviation
- .kw
- Road access
- Drive on the right
- climate
- Tropical desert climate
- Largest city
- Kuwait City
catalogue
- 1Historical evolution
- 2Geographical environment
- ▪Regional location
- ▪landform
- ▪Climatic characteristics
- 3Natural resources
- 4Administrative division
- ▪Division of provinces
- ▪capital
- 5National symbol
- ▪flag
- ▪National emblem
- 6Population nationality
- 7political
- ▪regime
- ▪constitution
- ▪congress
- ▪judiciary
- ▪government
- ▪Political party
- ▪dignitaries
- 8economy
- ▪summarize
- ▪industry
- ▪agriculture
- ▪Foreign trade
- ▪Foreign aid
From 1581, the Khalid family ruled Kuwait.
In 1710, he lived in the Arabian Peninsula
Najd
Of the Anaiza tribe
Sabah family
He moved to Kuwait and in 1756 assumed control and established the Emirate of Kuwait.
In 1899,
Britain
Forced Coe to sign the secret treaty between Britain and Kuwait, and England became Coe's
Metropolitan state
.
In 1954, Kuwait established a Supreme Council headed by Sheikh Abdulla al-Sabah.
It was taken over from the British in 1960
Judicial power
And the right to manage the currency. In September of that year,
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
Kuwait was one of the five founding members.
It was restored on 26 February 1991.
[1]
On March 6, 1991, the Gulf War ended in Kuwait
Emir
Jaber and other government officials returned to Kuwait mainland.
On 29 January 2006, the Kuwaiti Parliament unanimously approved the Prime minister
Sabah
The Emir case. On June 29, the general election of the National Assembly was officially held, and Kuwaiti women exercised the right to vote and stand for election for the first time in history.
On June 2, 2017,
United Nations General Assembly
Election of Kuwait as a non-permanent member of the Security Council for 2018 and 2019.
[3]
In March 2022, it was signed by Crown Prince Mishal of Kuwait
Emir ream
Two new Deputy Prime ministers were appointed as Minister of Defence and Minister of Home Affairs respectively. Issued by the Emir Decree respectively appointed
Talal Khaled Ahmed al-Sabah
Deputy Prime Minister and Secretary of State for Defence,
Ahmed Nawaf Ahmed al-Sabah
Deputy Prime Minister and Home Secretary.
[13]
On June 22, 2022 (local time), the Crown Prince of Kuwait announced the dissolution of the Parliament.
[14]
On April 9, 2023, Kuwaiti authorities announced the formation of the country's seventh government in three years.
[16]
On September 4, 2023 local time, Serbia, Panama and Kuwait signed and acceded to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia (TAC) during the 43rd ASEAN Summit and series of meetings held in Jakarta, Indonesia. At present, a total of 54 countries have joined the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia.
[21]
On the afternoon of January 4, 2024 local time, the Emir of Kuwait issued an Emir Decree appointing Mohamed Al-Sabah al-Salim al-Sabah as Prime Minister and instructing him to nominate members of the new Cabinet
[23]
. On April 6 local time, Kuwaiti Prime Minister Mohammed Sabah al-Salim al-Sabah submitted the resignation of his cabinet to the Emir of Kuwait (head of state).
[28]
According to the Kuwait News Agency, on April 15, 2024, the Emir of Kuwait announced the appointment of Ahmed Abdullah as the new Prime minister and the formation of a cabinet.
[30]
On the evening of May 12, 2024, the Emir of Kuwait announced the approval of a new cabinet headed by Prime Minister Ahmed Abdullah, the Kuwait News Agency reported. The new cabinet consists of 13 ministers, nine of whom are from the previous government, including First Deputy Prime Minister and Defense Minister Fahd Youssef al-Sabah and Foreign Minister Abdullah Ali Yahya.
[31]
Kuwait has an area of 17,818 square kilometers
(include
Arabian Peninsula
The northeast corner of Bubien and the nearby islands of Feleke)
. It is located in western Asia on the northwest coast of the Persian Gulf. It is adjacent to Saudi Arabia and Iraq, and faces the Persian Gulf in the east and Iran across the sea. The coastline is 290 km long. There are nine islands such as Bubien and Falaka, with a water area of 5,625 square kilometers.
[1]
Most of Kuwait is
desert
The terrain is relatively flat, there are no mountains, rivers and lakes in the territory, and the underground fresh water is poor.
[1]
Kuwait is a tropical desert climate, long hot and dry summer, the highest temperature can reach 51℃, short wet and rainy winter, the lowest temperature can reach -6℃. Annual precipitation ranges from 22 to 177 mm.
[1]
Kuwait petroleum and
Natural gas
Abundant reserves. Proven oil reserves of 14 billion tons, ranking seventh in the world. Natural gas reserves are 1.78 trillion cubic meters, ranking 18th in the world.
[1]
Oil is the main source of Kuwait's fiscal revenue and the pillar of the national economy, and more than 90% of the fiscal revenue comes from oil. Its output value accounts for 40% of GDP and 95% of foreign exchange earnings from exports. With an annual output of 110 million tons of crude oil in 1978 (6.315 million tons in 1991), it is one of the world's major oil producers. In addition to oil, rich undersea gas fields are being exploited. Non-oil production accounts for 60% of GDP (including agriculture and fisheries 0.4%, manufacturing 13.3%, electricity and water 0.1%, construction 2.7%, wholesale and retail 6.3%, restaurants and hotels 0.8%, transport, storage and communications 4.6%, finance 4%, insurance 0.2%, real estate and business services 7.3%, and other sectors). Community social services 22.4%, etc.).
Kuwait is divided into six provinces (Muhafazat) :
Capital province
,
Hawari Province
,
Ahmadi province
,
Jahara province
,
The province of Farvania
and
Greater Mubarak Province
.
[1]
|
Sector name
|
English
|
The capital
|
English
|
Area (sq. km)
|
Population (2013)
|
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1
|
Al Jahra Governorate
|
Al Jahra
|
12750
|
484502
|
||
|
2
|
Kuwait Province
|
Al Asimah Governorate
|
Kuwait City
|
Kuwait City
|
175
|
528094
|
|
3
|
Al Farwaniyah Governorate
|
Fervanier
|
Al Farwaniyah
|
204
|
1056298
|
|
|
4
|
Hawalli Governorate
|
Hawalli District
|
85
|
874812
|
||
|
5
|
Mubarak Al-Kabeer Governorate
|
Big Mubarak
|
Mubarak Al-Kabeer
|
104
|
229301
|
|
|
6
|
Al Ahmadi Governorate
|
Ahmadi
|
Al Ahmadi
|
5120
|
787037
|
|
|
total
|
The State of Kuwait
|
State of Kuwait
|
17818
|
3965144
(including 5100 overseas citizens)
|
Kuwaiti herdsmen
Flag of Kuwait
Coat of arms of Kuwait
In April 2019, Kuwait had a population of 4.43 million, of which Kuwaiti nationals accounted for about 30%.
[2]
According to the
Arab Times
On July 8, 2014, it was reported that according to the latest statistics, the number of foreign nationals in Kuwait reached 2,413,081, of which Indians were the largest at 762,471. Coming in second to India
Egypt
517,973 people;
Bangladesh
181,265 people.
[4]
On the basis of
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, People's Republic of China
The official website updated in February 2021 shows that Kuwait has a population of 4.776 million, of which Kuwaiti nationals account for about 30%.
As of September 2023, Kuwait has a population of 4.824 million, of which approximately 34% are Kuwaiti nationals.
[19]
[22]
Kuwait is
Hereditary monarchy emirate. The emir is the head of state and Supreme commander of the armed forces. All laws and treaties and agreements with foreign countries are ratified by the Emir. Kuwait stands for the preservation of national independence, state sovereignty and territorial integrity, the development of the national economy and the implementation of a high welfare system. After the Gulf War, Kuwait quickly began post-war reconstruction, strengthening its national defense, and gradually implementing Kuwaitization in government departments and economic institutions. Kuwait enjoys political stability and good security.
[22]
[24]
The head of state is
Nawaf Ahmed Jaber al-Sabah
Nawaf Al-Ahmed Al-Jaber Al-Sabah has been the 16th Emir since 29 September 2020.
[1]
The Constitution was promulgated on 12 November 1962. According to the Constitution, Kuwait is an independent and sovereign Arab state.
Islam
It is the state religion, and its doctrine is the basis of legislation; The emir must be inherited by a descendant of the seventh Emir, Mubarak al-Sabah; Legislative power is exercised by the Emir and the Parliament, and the Emir has the power to dissolve the parliament and postpone the session of the Parliament; The executive power is exercised by the emir, the Prime Minister and Cabinet ministers; The judicial power shall be exercised by the courts in the name of the Emir within the limits of the Constitution; The crown prince is nominated by the emir and approved by parliament; The Emir appoints and removes the Prime Minister and the Cabinet ministers as nominated by the Prime Minister.
[1]
[18]
Kuwait
The National Assembly was established on 23 January 1963 as a legislative, unicameral body. Its main function is to formulate and pass national laws and regulations; To supervise the implementation of state finances; Exercise all political powers. The Parliament consists of 50 nationally elected members and current ministers, each serving a four-year term. The 18th National Assembly was elected on 5 April 2024.
[27]
[32]
The judiciary is subordinate to the Ministry of Justice. The President of the Supreme Court and the Attorney-General are appointed by the Emir, in whose name the Court exercises judicial power within the Constitution.
[1]
Following the election of the 18th National Assembly of Kuwait in April 2024, the 45th government of Kuwait resigned en masse in accordance with customary practice. On 15 April, the Emir of Mishal appointed Ahmad Abdullah Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah as Prime Minister and tasked him with forming a cabinet.
[29]
[32]
The Section prohibits all political party activities. However, after the Gulf War, several major political factions emerged in the parliamentary elections in Kuwait:
1.
Islamic chartist movement
:
It was established in March 1991
Muslim Brotherhood
And traditionalist organizations, holding many financial and commercial companies, have deep pockets. He advocated a moderate approach to make Kuwait a more Islamic state.
2.
Islamic union
:
Department of
Shiah
Organization, advocating a moderate approach to implementation
Islamic law
.
3.
Charter alliance
: Consists of rich businessmen, mostly members of the Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
4.
Democracy forum
Founded in March 1991, it is a group of mostly intellectual members and describes itself as a leftist nationalist organization. It emphasized the power of the people and opposed the monopoly of cabinet positions by members of the royal family, but did not oppose the hereditary emir.
5.
Liberal independents
Advocate democracy, freedom and democratic reform. The members are mainly intellectuals and literary, educational and press personnel.
[1]
Meshal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah: Emir. Born in 1940. After a long career in the Ministry of Interior, he was appointed Deputy Commander (Minister) of the National Guard in 2004, and was appointed Crown Prince on 8 October 2020, succeeding as the 17th Emir of Kuwait on 16 December 2023.
Ahmad Abdullah Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah: Prime Minister. Born in 1952. He has served as the Minister of Finance, transport and oil of Kuwait and has been the chief of staff of the Crown Prince of Kuwait since 2021. He was appointed Prime Minister on 15 April 2024.
[32]
Sabah Khalid: Crown Prince. Born in 1953, he has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs, First Deputy Prime Minister and Prime Minister of Kuwait. In June 2024, he was nominated as Crown Prince by the Emir of Kuwait.
[34]
The oil and gas industry is the main pillar of the national economy, accounting for 54% of GDP and 90% of export revenue. In recent years, while focusing on the development of petroleum and petrochemical industries, the government has emphasized the development of diversified economy, focusing on the development of finance, trade, tourism, exhibition and other industries, and proposed the "National Vision 2035" to build Kuwait into a regional commercial and financial center, give play to the important role of private enterprises in Kuwait's economic development, and ensure the comprehensive and balanced development of people's lives. Achieve social justice.
Key economic data (2022) :
Gross Domestic Product: $176.5 billion
Gross Domestic product per capita: $39,000
Economic growth rate: 7.6%
Total imports and exports: US $138.77 billion
Exports: $104.12 billion
Imports: $34.65 billion
Foreign exchange reserves: $39.9 billion
Exchange rate 1 USD =0.31 dinar
[32]
The world's largest and most luxurious wooden boat hotel - Kuwait SAS Hotel
Crude oil production in 2023 is about 2.41 million barrels per day. Kuwait Petroleum Corporation is one of the ten largest oil companies in the world.
[32]
Kuwait has about 14,182 hectares of arable land and about 156 hectares of soilless cultivated land. The government attaches great importance to the development of agriculture, which accounts for 0.5% of GDP.
Agriculture mainly produces vegetables, and food and agricultural and animal husbandry products mainly rely on imports. Marine fishery resources are rich, the main seafood are prawns, grouper, yellow croaker and so on.
[1]
[20]
It plays an important role in the economy. The main export commodities are petroleum and chemical products, and petroleum exports account for 90% of total exports. Imported goods include machinery, transportation equipment, industrial products, grain and foodstuffs. The main trading partners are the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, South Korea, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Singapore and so on.
[1]
[19]
Kuwait
It spends 3.8 percent of its gross domestic product annually on aid to developing countries. In 1961, the Kuwaiti Arab Economic Development Foundation was established to provide financial and technical assistance to developing countries on behalf of the Government of Kuwait and to finance the development and construction of infrastructure projects in developing countries.
[1]
[22]
Islam
It is the state religion and 85% of the population is Islamic, of which about 70% belong
Sunnite
30% is
Shiah
.
[1]
Independence Day, 19 June (1961);
Liberation Day, February 26.
Kuwaiti traditional food - roasted whole camel
Kuwaitis have the following characteristics in their dietary preferences:
① Pay attention to the beauty of dishes, pay attention to the quality of dishes is small.
② The taste is generally not too salty, love slightly sour, spicy.
4. Love non-staple food
beef
, mutton,
Camel meat
Chicken, duck, goose meat and eggs; Vegetable food preference
Tomato
Cucumber, pumpkin, eggplant, onion,
cabbage
Potatoes, etc.; Spices like olive oil, cloves,
cardamom
,
Deuterium powder
Coriander, etc.
⑤ The method of cooking is partial to dishes made by cold mixing, burning, stir-frying and other cooking methods.
⑦ Recipes appreciate sour pickles,
Beef stew
,
Stir-fried shredded beef
,
Crispy Chicken
,
Stewed chicken
Fried lychee,
Deep-fried eggplant tongs
,
Cloud-sliced pigeon eggs
,
Amber peach kernel
,
Steamed sole slices
,
Hand-held mutton
Barbecue and other flavor dishes.
⑧ Water wine like tea
Black tea
or
Green tea
and
coffee
Such drinks, where contained
Alcohol
All beverages are prohibited.
⑨ Fruit love fruit lychee,
Grapes
Bananas, apples, oranges, oranges, etc.; Love dried fruit
Walnut meat
Raisins, almonds, etc.
Kuwaiti army
The term of conscription is 2 years (1 year for college students) and the term of reserve service is 14 years. The army has a total strength of 23,000. The emir is the supreme commander of the armed forces.
[19]
On August 2, 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait with 100,000 troops and occupied all of Kuwait within a day, and Kuwaiti Emir Jaber and other government officials fled Kuwait.
On January 17, 1991, the multinational force led by the United States Army began to implement the"
Desert storm
The plan began the process of "retaking Kuwait by the Multinational Force".
On February 28, 1991, Kuwait City had been completely controlled by Arab forces, and the multinational force had basically completed the recapture of Kuwait, so the President of the United States issued a temporary ceasefire order at 8:00 local time on that day.
Iraq
Finally accept UN Resolution 660 and withdraw from Kuwait. The Gulf War is over.
According to the Military Yearbook of the Nations of the World 2009, the Kuwaiti Air Force is approximately 2,500 personnel. There are 129 aircraft, including 80 combat aircraft and 32 helicopter gunships.
Attack/Fighter aircraft: 39 FA-18s (31 F/A-18-C, 8 F/A-18-D), 14 F-1CK (F-LC) /F-1BK (F-LB) Mirages. Anti-riot and trainer aircraft: "Tukano man" more than 16, "Hawk" MK64 type 11. Transport aircraft: L-100-30 type 3,
DC-9
Type 1. Helicopters: 4 AS-332, 9 SA-330. Training/gunship helicopters: 16 SA-342. Helicopter gunship:
AH-64
Type D 16.
The air defense Force consisted of 15 companies.
The reserve force is 23,700.
The paramilitary National Guard has 60,600 troops, consisting of one armored battalion, one special barracks, three reserve battalions and one police battalion, equipped with 20 armored reconnaissance vehicles and 92 armored transport vehicles. The Coast Guard has 500 personnel and is equipped with more than 30 minesweepers/boats, 5 coastal patrol boats and 3 general purpose landing craft.
The military service system is compulsory, with conscripts serving for two years (one year for college students) and reserve service for 14 years.
On 1 May 2005, Kuwaiti Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed said that in accordance with the UN resolution, Kuwait has decided to send troops to participate in the UN peacekeeping operation in southern Sudan in order to maintain the security and stability of Sudan. With that,
Sudan
Kuwait plans to send 100 to 150 troops to join the United Nations peacekeeping mission in Sudan in June, the government has announced. The United States, Britain and Germany have about 30,000 troops stationed in Kuwait. According to Kuwaiti media reports on December 21, 2005, the United States military will return the Doha military barracks in Kuwait to Kuwait. As of December 20, the U.S. military had evacuated two-thirds of the personnel and equipment from this camp to Camp Arifgen, and the rest of the personnel and equipment will be withdrawn in 2006.
[5]
Kuwait
The transportation industry is developed, there are expressways connecting provinces and cities across the country, and the number of private cars is large. There are no railways in the territory, and Kuwait International Airport, located in the capital, is the most important airport. The main ports are Shuweh Port, Shuaiba port and so on.
[1]
[24]
Education in Kuwait is free, and primary, middle and high schools are four-year. There are 1,489 schools of all kinds in the country, of which 822 are public schools, 566 are private schools, and the rest are adult education schools and special education schools. The school has more than 680,000 students and 86,000 teachers. Education accounts for about 12% of the government budget.
[1]
The Kuwaiti press system is relatively open and free, and most newspapers are privately owned. There are eight main newspapers in the country, five of which are in Arabic: "Public Opinion", "Political", "Torch", "Fatherland" and "Izvestia"; There are three English-language newspapers: The Kuwait Times, The Arab Times and the Daily Star. There are three official news agencies: Kuwait News Agency, Kuwait Radio and Kuwait Television. The Kuwait News Agency (Kuwaiti) is a national news agency established in October 1956 and has been publishing articles abroad in Arabic and English since 1980. Radio Kuwait was established in 1951 and broadcasts in Arabic, English and other languages. Kuwaiti Television was established in December 1962 and broadcasts programs in Arabic and English.
[1]
[20]
Implement a high welfare system, exempt from personal income tax, enjoy free education and medical care, and provide subsidies for employment, prices, rent and marriage.
[1]
[22]
China pursues a moderate and balanced foreign policy and has established diplomatic relations with more than 120 countries. It is committed to maintaining the unity of Arab states and coordination and cooperation among GCC countries, and attaches great importance to balanced development of relations with major powers in the world.
[1]
[17]
Relations with China
On March 22, 1971, China and Kuwait established diplomatic relations. Kuwait was the first Gulf Arab country to establish diplomatic ties with New China. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties, bilateral relations have developed steadily.
The two countries have maintained close exchanges at all levels. In recent years, China has visited Kuwait mainly as follows:
The main visits to China are: Emir Al-Sabah (May 2009, July 2018), Prime Minister Al-Sabah (January 2014), First Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defense Al-Nasser (December 2017), Foreign Minister Al-Ahmad (January 2022), Emir Al-Mishal (September 2023 to attend the opening ceremony of the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou as Crown Prince).
Bilateral economic and trade cooperation has been developing smoothly. In 2023, the bilateral trade volume between China and Kuwait is 22.39 billion US dollars, of which China's exports are 5.22 billion US dollars and imports are 17.17 billion US dollars. We mainly export mechanical and electrical products, high-tech products, textiles, etc., mainly import crude oil, petrochemical products, etc.
Kuwait is our ninth largest source of crude oil imports. In 2023, China imported 24.533,000 tons of crude oil from Kuwait.
In June 2014, China and Kuwait signed an intergovernmental Memorandum of Understanding on jointly building the Belt and Road Initiative.
The two countries have active cultural and people-to-people exchanges. In September 2023, the Kuwait Chinese Cultural Center was put into trial operation, becoming the first Chinese cultural center in the Gulf region.
[33]
In 1997, 27 PLZ45 155mm self-propelled howitzers were ordered from China. In 2016, Western media "The Diplomat" reported that China's latest development of the AH-4 155 mm ultra-light howitzer has been ordered by rich countries in the Middle East, the report speculated that the buyer is already proficient in China's own howitzer Kuwait. The purchase of the AH-4 155mm ultra-light howitzer has refreshed the highest export order amount of China's towed howitzer in the past 20 years.
[6]
Relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council
Kuwait maintains friendly and cooperative relations with all GCC countries, and strengthening solidarity and cooperation with all countries is the focus of Kuwait's foreign relations. Since its establishment in May 1981, Kuwait has played an active role in the organization and its relations with other countries have been continuously strengthened and developed. The two sides have maintained frequent high-level exchanges, frequently exchanged views on issues of common concern and solved existing problems in a timely manner. In November 1995, Emir Jaber visited Saudi Arabia and reached an agreement in principle with King Fahd on bilateral land and sea borders.
[7]
Relations with the United States
Koma-us relations are very close, and the two sides continue to have high-level exchanges. Before Kuwait's independence, the United States had a consulate in Kuwait. The two countries established diplomatic relations in June 1961 and bilateral relations have been developing smoothly since then. After Kuwait was annexed by Iraq in August 1990, the United States-led multinational force liberated Kuwait in February 1991. On September 19, 1991, Kuwait and the United States signed a ten-year security cooperation agreement, in which the United States became a strategic ally of Kuwait and pledged to protect Kuwait's national security. In October 1994, Iraq massed troops on the border with Iraq, and the United States quickly sent troops to the Gulf, easing tensions on the border with Iraq.
[7]
Relations with Europe and Japan
Western countries and Japan have maintained long-term cooperative relations with Kuwait. Following Iraq's annexation of Kuwait in August 1990, the countries concerned participated in the Multinational Force for the Liberation of Kuwait in support of its independent liberation.
Kuwait has close relations with the UK, with frequent visits between the leaders and government officials of the two countries. In February 1992, the two sides signed a ten-year Memorandum of Understanding on security. Kuwait has huge investments in Britain.
Japan paid $13 billion in military expenditures for the multinational force in the Gulf War and provided large loans for Kuwait's post-war reconstruction. Japan is Kuwait's main trading partner, the largest buyer of Kuwait's crude oil and petroleum products, and exports to Kuwait
Electric appliance
,
machine
,
textile
And other daily necessities, is Kuwait's fourth largest source of imports. The Emir of Kuwait visited Japan in March 2012.
[7]
Relations with Russia
1963 and
Former Soviet Union
It was the first Gulf country to establish diplomatic relations with the former Soviet Union. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kuwait and Russia continued to maintain normal relations.
[7]
Relations with Iraq
Historically, Kuwait was
Ottoman Empire
Basra governorate
A subordinate county. On June 19, 1961, Kuwait declared its independence from British colonial rule. However, the conflict between Iraq and Kuwait has always existed, and Iraq has always emphasized that Kuwait is a part of the whole of Iraq and tried to integrate it, which has been opposed by Kuwait. In 1963, the Iraqi revolution broke out again and came to power
Ba 'ath Party
The government recognized the independence of Kuwait and the two governments signed a border agreement between Kuwait and Kuwait, but a 160 km long border between Kuwait and Kuwait remains undemarcated.
August 2, 1990
[10]
Iraq's Sadam regime sent troops to invade Kuwait and declared Kuwait its 19th province, which caused a shock to the world
Gulf crisis
. January 17, 1991
[11]
The US-led multinational forces sent troops to Kuwait, and the Gulf War broke out.
In November 1994, Iraq officially recognized Kuwait's sovereignty and borders.
At the end of March 2002,
Beirut
At the Arab Summit, the Turkish foreign minister held the first direct meeting between the two countries since the Gulf crisis. The Iraqi foreign minister announced that Iran had reached an agreement and made it clear that Iraq would never invade Kuwait again. After the fall of Saddam Hussein's regime, Kuwait not only supported the lifting of economic sanctions against Iraq by the international community, but also actively participated in the post-war economic reconstruction of Iraq. But Kuwait has repeatedly said it will not send troops to Iraq. On June 28, 2002, the coalition forces in Iraq formally transferred power to the Iraqi interim government, and the government of Kuwait immediately announced the resumption of diplomatic relations with Iraq.
[8]
Relations with Iran
On August 15, 2022,
Iran
Foreign ministry spokesperson
Canani
Kuwait returned its ambassador to Iran for the first time in six years, elevating relations between the two countries to ambassadorial level
[15]
.
On January 31, 2024 local time, Vice Consul of the Iranian Foreign Ministry Bekdali said that Iran announced the unilateral visa exemption for 28 countries including Kuwait
[25 to 26]
.
Kuwait City
Kuwaitis are religious
Moslem
As Kuwait developed from a fishing town into a modern oil city, mosques mushroomed along with skyscrapers. The largest temple is The Grand Mosque of Kuwait City, located in the city center, built in 1994, exquisitely decorated and luxurious, can accommodate 10,000 worshippers, and the attached women's worship hall can accommodate thousands. The dome of the hall is 43 meters high, with 144 lighting Windows, 72 interior columns, 21 doors, and the exterior is decorated with marble and colored tiles and Arabic calligraphy scriptures, which took six years to complete. The two symmetrical minarets, 72 meters high, are inlaid with Syrian marble and topped with brass. The front and back of the hall are courtyards. The courtyard is surrounded by spacious men's and women's purification room, scripture hall, conference hall, teaching area and library; Outside the walls of the temple is the parking lot.
[9]
White poplar Palace
Completed in January 1987, the white Poplar Palace covers an area of 500,000 square meters, of which the construction area is 140,000 square meters, and the remaining is the green date palm forest and a large area of grass. Its main building is square and consists of two floors above ground and one below ground. On the ground floor, there is a main living room of 3,000 square meters dedicated to the reception of the head of state. A 1,200-seat convention hall with a large stage that can accommodate 500 artists at a time. The conference hall is equipped with various advanced electronic equipment such as automatic voting, simultaneous translation of six languages, and closed-circuit television. The press centre, which consists of 41 studios and is equipped with the most advanced communication equipment, is connected to the main conference hall by closed-circuit television, which makes it convenient for journalists from news agencies and newspapers to observe the conference at any time.
The White Poplar Palace complex also includes 6 groups of 18 buildings of guest rooms, each suite is equipped with luxurious furniture and modern fire protection, communication and other facilities. On the tenth day of its inauguration, the White Poplar Palace successfully hosted more than 40 heads of State or Government who participated in the fifth Islamic Summit.
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The National Museum of Kuwait, built in 1957, was severely damaged during Iraq's invasion and occupation of Kuwait in 1990, and most of its valuable exhibits were looted by Iraqi troops. After the 1991 Gulf War, Iraq returned some of Kuwait's looted antiquities after United Nations intervention. After renovations, the "Kuwaiti Folk Heritage" pavilion in the National Museum of Kuwait has been reopened to the public. The museum exhibits a comprehensive introduction to the ancient customs of Kuwait, as well as the work and life of Kuwaiti people before the discovery of oil.
Kuwait water tower
The observation deck is 120 meters above the ground. The curved glass overlooks the famous palace of the Emir, the Mariot boate-shaped hotel by the sea, the turquoise Persian Gulf, the spectacular dome of the mosque, the architectural complex of different styles, and the international airport where all kinds of aircraft take off and land. The observation deck is a rotating hall that rotates once every half hour.
The circular dining room on the largest sphere of the main tower is more than 30 meters in diameter, with a banquet hall and an indoor garden. In the lower part of the circular restaurant, is a water depth of 12 meters, can hold 1 million gallons of fresh water, the entire spherical building next to the tower is also a water tank, storage 1 million gallons of water. These two huge tanks supply water to the residents of Kuwait's capital.
Sass Hotel
Kuwait Science and Technology Museum
The Kuwait Science and Technology Museum, located along Gulf Avenue in Kuwait, was built in 1996 and opened to the public in 2000. The museum covers an area of 285,000 square meters, with science hall, aquarium, land biology hall, panoramic movie hall and entertainment service facilities, and is the most modern science popularization center in the Bay area.
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