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John Milton

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One of the six great poets in the history of English literature
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John Milton (9 December 1608-8 November 1674) was an English poet, political commentator, and champion of democracy. Representative works include the long poem" Paradise Lost ", "Paradise Restored" and "Paradise Restored" Samson ". [1]
In 1625, Milton entered Cambridge University and began to write poetry. After graduating from college, he studied literature for six years. In 1638, Milton traveled to Europe. When the English Revolution broke out in 1640, Milton threw himself firmly into the revolutionary movement, and published five pamphlets on religious freedom. In 1644, Milton wrote on Freedom of the Press for freedom of speech. In 1649, after the victory of the Revolution, England was established as a republic, and Milton published "On the Functions and Powers of Kings and Officials" and other articles to consolidate the revolutionary power. In 1660, after the restoration of the English Empire, Milton was arrested and imprisoned, and soon released, after which he devoted himself to writing poetry. He died on 8 November 1674. [1]
Milton is one of the great artists in English history and is known as one of the six great poets in the history of English literature. [2]
Chinese name
John Milton
Foreign name
John Milton
nationality
Britain
Place of Birth
London
Date of birth
December 9, 1608
Date of death
November 8, 1674
Graduate School
University of Cambridge
occupation
Poet, political commentator
Representative works
Paradise Lost , Paradise Recovered and Samson Lex.
Major achievement
One of the six greatest poets in English literature

catalogue

  1. 1Character experience
  2. 2Major work
  3. 3Publish a book
  1. 4Creation characteristics
  2. ▪Theme of the work
  3. ▪Artistic characteristics
  4. 5Character influence
  1. 6Character evaluation

Character experience

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EDITOR
Signed by John Milton.
On December 9, 1608, John Milton was born. Milton's father was a legal clerk from a relatively wealthy family. His father, though a Puritan, was not as stiff as the other Puritans of the time, and he loved music, and he led Milton to love music. He also loved books to the core, and young Milton shared his father's love of books as a child. Milton's father also hired a private tutor for him, and by the time Milton was ten years old, he was producing some fine poetry. Milton often studied late into the night, which had a very bad effect on his health.
John Milton
At the age of twelve, Milton was sent by his father to St. Paul's, then a boys' school in London, and in 1625 to Christ's College, Cambridge [10-11 ] . Young Milton was handsome, but proud and independent-minded. Milton had intended to enter the Church of England as a minister. But there was a growing conflict between the Anglicans and the Puritans, and Milton was a Puritan.
After completing his college studies, Milton gave up the idea of entering the Church of England as a minister, and for a time he did not know what to do. Upon reflection, he was convinced that he was born to be a poet. He spent nearly five years at his father's Holton country estate, about 20 miles from London, writing poetry and reading books to better fulfill his ambitions.
During these five years, he wrote a number of short poems, among which "The Happy Man" expressed the yearning for a happy life, "The Meditating Man" described deep meditation, "Lesidas" sang of a drowned friend, and "Comas" showed a masquerade ball.
But soon he began to tire of this quiet idyllic life. He yearned for a more exciting world outside. So, with the money his father gave him, he embarked on a journey to France, Switzerland, and Italy. In Italy, he heard that the conflict between the king of England and the people was on the verge of war. So he immediately abandoned his plans to travel and write poetry, and hurried back to England. [3]
After returning to London, he vigorously opposed the Royalists and devoted all his energy to writing numerous political pamphlets in support of the people's freedom. In 1644, he published "On Freedom of the Press", a bold attack on the British press censorship at that time. The Destroyer of Idols, published in 1649, advocated the execution of Charles I; In 1650, he published A Vindication of the English People, which ushered in the Republic and revolution.
John Milton
In 1649, following a parliamentary decision, King Charles I was beheaded and Oliver Cromwell came to power as head of government and was named Lord Protector. The leaders of the Puritan government, impressed by Milton's numerous essays and pamphlets on the victory of the Republic during the Revolution, appointed him Latin secretary for Foreign Affairs. In addition to translating the Latin letters of foreign governments, which he had to answer in Latin, he was also responsible for criticizing attacks and statements against Cromwell's government. Due to the heavy task, he had to work day and night, and soon his eyesight began to fail, and the doctor warned him that he must stop using his eyes, or he would go blind. But he refused the doctor's advice to give up the heavy work of reading and writing, and continued to work hard. Finally, by 1652, he was completely blind. Even so, he did not stop working, he continued to work day and night in the way he read other people's writing. Soon after, his wife died, leaving him with three starving little girls, the oldest of whom was no more than six years old. This is worse for a busy blind man.
John Milton Marriage Contract, November 27, 1623
The Royalists soon regained power. Charles II (son of the former king) ascended to the throne. Protestants ran for their lives everywhere. Some went to America, some were caught and sentenced to death. Milton hid with a friend for several months, his property was confiscated, and his books were burned by the executioner. Milton was eventually taken to prison, but the king later spared him. Milton ends his social life and begins to write poetry again, and he spends seven years writing Paradise Lost. In this poem, he talks about how Satan betrayed God, how Eve and Adam were thrown out of the Garden of Eden, and so on. He was blind and had to read it by himself, sometimes with his daughter and sometimes with a visiting friend. Paradise Lost earned him such a high reputation that many scholars and politicians traveled long distances to visit him. After this great work, he wrote Paradise Restored, and a play about Samson (an Israeli strongman who, like Milton, was blind in his later years).
Milton died on November 8, 1674. [4]

Major work

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EDITOR
Chinese name
genre
A given year
The Happy Man, The Contemplative Man
The poem
1631
On Education
thesis
1644
On Freedom of the Press
Political opinion
1644
On the Functions of Kings and Officials
Political opinion
1649
Idol Destroyer
Political opinion
1649
In Defence of the British People
Political opinion
1651
Simple Ways to Build a Free Republic
Political opinion
1660
Paradise Lost
Long poem
1667
Paradise Restored
Long poem
1671
Samson
Long poem
Reference material [4]

Publish a book

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EDITOR
  • On freedom of the press
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    On Liberty of the Press is a political science work by the English thinker John Milton, a speech he delivered to the British Parliament in 1644. In this speech, Milton uses clear logic, extensive evidence, and powerful criticism of the Presbyterian controlled Congress of the press control law, and put forward and argue for the freedom of the press. He pointed out that books are like a treasure bottle, preserving the purest elite of the creator's wisdom, killing people.
  • Paradise Lost
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    Paradise Lost is an epic poem written by the English statesman and scholar John Milton. Paradise Lost tells the story of Satan, the rebellious god in the poem, who is cast into hell for resisting God's authority, but refuses to give in and seeks revenge in the Garden of Eden. Adam and Eve, lured by the serpent possessed by Satan, stole the fruit of the tree of knowledge, which God had forbidden to eat. In the end, Satan and his companions were turned into snakes, and Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden. It's supposed to show that humans never know...
  • Speak up for the British people
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    Work time 1958-9
    In Defence of the British People is a 1958 book published by the Commercial Press, written by John Milton and translated by He Ning.
  • Ode to joy and meditation
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    Work time 2006-10-01
    Ode to Joy and Ode to Meditation is a book published by Yilin Press in 2006 and written by John Milton.
  • Epic of the soul
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    Work time The 2010-04
    The Epic of the Soul is a book by John Milton published in April 2010 by Culture & Arts Press.
  • Selected lyrical poems by Milton
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    Milton's Lyrical Poems is a book published by Hunan Literature and Art Publishing House in 1996, the author is Milton.
  • Paradise Regained
    Author name John Milton
    Category of works literature
    Paradise Restored is a long poem written by John Milton.
View more books

Creation characteristics

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EDITOR

Theme of the work

Portrait of John Milton
In his works, Milton expounds liberal thought from the aspects of natural rights, freedom of the press, freedom of religious belief, freedom of education, freedom of marriage and so on. Milton holds that liberty, property, and life are the natural rights of men, inviolable, and that men have the right to overthrow tyrants who violate their freedom. He also attacked the British censorship of book publishing, opposed this practice of stifling truth, demanded freedom of speech and publication, and created conditions for the spread of capitalist ideology and culture. After claiming these rights, Milton further affirms the existence of man. In the religious view, he proposed the belief of reason, which is actually a Christian humanistic religious view that requires people to have reason, to choose freely, to cultivate virtue, and to communicate directly with God as a good individual. Milton proposed his own reform plan, which was different from the theologized and secularized feudal education, and tried to establish a modern education system. At the same time, because of Milton's own marriage experience, he especially advocates the equality of men and women, the freedom of marriage. After the defeat of the revolution, Milton began to write three long poems, reflecting the theme of freedom in his trilogy, expressing the poet's faith in the victory of the revolution as a tenacious liberal fighter despite the lost mood after the restoration. [5]
Paradise Lost, Paradise Restored and Samson are all works that show human struggle and redemption. They are all works that touch the hearts of human beings. They are the poet's exploration of the deepest morality, spirit and belief of human beings, reflecting Milton's reflections on human beings and human nature, his exploration of the root causes of human misfortune, and his thoughts on how man can be saved. The theme of redemption is embodied in the selection of themes and the shaping of characters in the long poem. [6]

Artistic characteristics

John Milton
In terms of subject matter selection, Milton's Paradise Lost reveals the Christian concept of "original sin" through the story of Adam and Eve, who were lured by Satan and driven out of paradise, and advocates that human beings should bear the burden of earthly life with a realistic attitude in order to redeem themselves. "Paradise Restored" uses the story of Jesus overcoming various temptations of Satan and restoring paradise to show that human beings can overcome various hardships and be saved if they can improve their character. Samson appeals to Milton's own political experience and ideals and beliefs through the tragic character of Samson, who is trapped, imprisoned, blind, abused, and avenged at the cost of his life, and praises his perseverance in fighting for noble causes and his spirit of redemption at the cost of his own life.
In terms of character image, out of the need to express the lofty thought of redemption, Milton chooses grand events as the subject matter, adopts grand long poems as the genre, and creates classic characters in the history of literature with quotations and imposing styles: Jesus, Samson, Adam and Eve. The shaping of the characters is marked by the poet's thought of redemption. Adam and Eve are the ancestors of the human race, and they have universal human qualities, which are the condition of salvation; Jesus is the embodiment of the poet's ideal personality, virtue is the basis of salvation; Samson is a typical figure on the road of salvation, and the fall and rebirth bring the hope of salvation to mankind. [6]

Character influence

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EDITOR
Literary influence
Milton was observant, and his criticism of writers was at times superior to that of his predecessors and contemporaries. His extensive classicist compositions, systematic classical theory, his skill in satirical poetry, his translations, and his accurate and plain prose were all relevant to 18th century England Classical literature Has a huge impact.
Freedom concept
Milton and his contemporaries, however, were more concerned with the assertion of individual liberty, and became one of the first thinkers to use human rights in defense of liberty, sounding the clarion call for the Enlightenment. [8]
The influence of Milton's idea of freedom of the press is profound. It manifests itself in two aspects: first, it makes a great contribution to the promotion of bourgeois revolution and press freedom movement; Second, it makes a great contribution to the academic research of promoting bourgeois press freedom. [9]

Character evaluation

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EDITOR
Milton is the "doyen" of the Enlightenment thinkers of the 18th century. (Commentary by Engels) [8]
In style and style, Milton is one of England's great artists. In the sublimity of style, he is the first English master. (Commentary by Arnold, 19th century British poet and critic) [2]
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