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Taeaksan

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Mountains of central Shanxi Province
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Taiyue Mountain, located in central Shanxi Province, south of Taiyuan Basin and northeast of Linfen Basin, Taihang Mountains And Luliang Mountain. The broad sense of Taiyue mountain is also called Taiyue Mountains, the narrow sense of Taiyue mountain refers to its main peak (also known as Taiyue Mountain, also known as Huotai Mountain, Huoshan, 2348 meters above sea level). The highest peak is the Gypsum Mountain in Lingshi County, 2532 meters above sea level (there are data that its main peak, horn saddle 2566.6 meters). The main peak area between Jiexiu and Hongdong, with tall mountains and dense forests, is one of the main forest areas in Shanxi Province Taiyue Mountain National Forest Park .
Huoshan Mountain, the main vein of Taiyue Mountain, was originally called "Huotaishan", evolved into "Taiyue", and expanded into the general name of the entire Taiyue Mountain range. Huo Taishan is the town mountain of Jizhou in Yu Gong, China at that time Gojin The town of the mountain, the Tang Dynasty also sealed "Huoshan God", the total territorial sea within the famous mountain. The famous mountain is also Mianshan, because of the State of Jin Jie Zitui The story of "cutting the stock and offering the king" is widely spread, and it is a famous Taoist resort and tourist destination in Shanxi Province. The tourism development of the royal family compound under Taiyue Mountain and the Gypsum mountain in the middle of the mountain range also has a certain degree of popularity.
Chinese name
Taeaksan
alias
Taiyue Mountains , Hotay Mountains , Huoshan
Subordinate mountain system
Mountains of central Shanxi Province
Geographical position
Yuanchuan Township, Hongdong County, Shanxi Province [63]
Go to
North and south
length
200 km
Initial point
South from the north of Qin County
Terminal point
North to south Taigu District
Principal peak
Mount Taiyue (Huoshan), 2348 meters above sea level
peak
Horn saddle, 2,566.6 m above sea level
Opening hours
8:00-18:00 all year round [63]

catalogue

  1. 1Origin of name
  2. 2Location boundary
  3. 3Geological landform
  4. 4Major peak
  5. ▪Northern branch
  6. ▪Main vein peak
  7. ▪East extension branch
  1. ▪Southern branch
  2. 5Geographical environment
  3. ▪climate
  4. ▪hydrology
  5. ▪vegetation
  6. 6Natural resources
  7. ▪Pasture resources
  8. ▪Mineral resources
  1. ▪Forest resources
  2. 7Social economy
  3. ▪Animal husbandry
  4. ▪Planting industry
  5. ▪Forestry production
  6. ▪Mineral exploitation
  7. ▪Establishment evolution
  8. ▪Social development
  1. 8History and culture
  2. 9Historic sites
  3. ▪relics
  4. ▪Scenic spot construction
  5. 10The pass and the mouth
  6. 11Honor received

Origin of name

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EDITOR
Taiyue Mountain, the name comes from its main vein Huoshan Mountain. "Notes on Water Classics" : "Taiyue Mountain, that is, Huotai Mountain." Huoshan Mountain is named "Mountain of Middle Town" in the sequence of "Mountain of Five Towns", which is equally famous with the Five mountains in Chinese history. Huoshan was first called "Huotaishan", "Yu Gong" : "Both Taiyuan, as Yueyang." Yu divided into Kyushu, Jizhou (ancient Jizhou containing most parts of North China) is the first state. "Zhou Li" records that Huo Taishan is the town of Jizhou mountain. Huoshan was once described in the Book of Mountains and Seas, and the story of Huotai Mountain was also recorded in the Record of the Grand Historian. With the evolution and the transformation of humanity, it is also "Taiyue". The ancient county area was called Yueyang County before the Qing Dynasty because it was located in the sun of Huoshan or the sun of Taiyue. Later, the name Taiyue was expanded to become a general term for the entire mountain range of Taiyue Mountain. [1]

Location boundary

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EDITOR
The location of Taiyue Mountain
The location of Taiyue Mountain
The main vein of Taiyue Mountain is spread in the near north-south direction, extending about 80 kilometers from Jiexue in the north to Hongdong in the south, which is consistent with the Huoshan anticline in the geostructure. In addition, its north Pingyao, Taigu southeastern mountains, although the direction of the turn to the northeast, but can be connected to the Taihang Mountains; To the south, the low-grade mountain intermittently extends to the north of Qinshui County and connects with Zhongtiao Mountain, which should belong to the remaining branches of Taiyue Mountain, and the so-called Thunder head (Zhongtiao Mountain) as Taiyue refers to this. In addition, most of the mountains in the west bank of the Zhanghe River and in the west of Changzhi City are generally included in the range of Taiyue mountain system. The total length of the mountains is more than 200 kilometers from north to south. [2] In the administrative division, it belongs to the south of Jinzhong City, the east of Linfen City, the west of Changzhi City, across Pingyao, Jiexiu, Qinyuan, Anze, Gu County, Huoxian County, Hongdong, Fushan and other counties. [3]

Geological landform

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EDITOR
Topographically, the Taiyue Mountains run through the middle of Shanxi Province between the Luliang Mountains and Taihang Mountains, forming the eastern barrier of Taiyuan Basin and Linfen Basin. The mountain trend is close to the north and south, the north section of the main peak and the mountain near the main peak is the most tall and steep, 2,300-2,500 meters above sea level, followed by the south section, the middle section is relatively slow, about 1,500 meters above sea level. [2]
Taiyue Mountain is mainly formed by the Yanshan movement and the Himalayan movement. It developed on the basis of Qinlu syncline and Huoshan anticline. The Himalayan movement in Shanxi is mainly represented by the vertical lifting movement of fault block. With the rise of the whole Shanxi Plateau arch, tensile stress is derived from the arch and crankshaft, and a series of normal faults are formed, resulting in large fault basins (Taiyuan Basin, Linfen Basin). The main vein of Taiyue Mountain is the relatively uplifted block of Taiyuan Basin and Linfen Basin, and the east of the basin is strongly uplifted to the Gaozhong Mountain and the Middle mountain.
Taiyue Mountain, in geomorphology, with fault blocks in the middle, the peak elevation of about 2000 meters, the relative height difference of 1000 meters. Its extension direction is controlled by two fault structures, northeast and northeast, and fault uplift occurs mostly along the anticlinal side. Taiyue Mountain is a single-sided fault block mountain, one side of the mountain is tilted along a large fault, and the other side is basically consistent with the rock strata. Table block mountains are mostly composed of old metamorphic rocks. The single-sided fault block mountain is composed of ancient rock series only on one side and Lower Paleozoic carbonaceous rocks on the other side. Most of the gullies and fault lines are developed directly, short, deep and steep, and cliff cliffs and fault triangles often appear in front of the mountains. The piedmont is fanned out and is cut from the old fan. It can be seen that the mountain has been continuously uplifting since the Quaternary period, which is in obvious contrast with the subsidence of adjacent basins.
The northwestern area of Qinlu Plateau in the south of Taiyue Mountain belongs to the erosive middle mountains, formed in the paleosyncline basin, mainly composed of Upper Paleozoic coal measures and Mesozoic sandstone and mudstone. The trend of the mountain and its veins are controlled by the development of water system, and the higher mountain peaks are often formed in the outcrop section of the Triassic sandstone in the synclinal core. This kind of mountain is relatively slow, the hillside is mostly covered by thin layer of loess, the vegetation coverage increases with the increase of height, and the main peak area is often covered by forest.
The junction of Taiyue Mountain and Zhongtiao Mountain is an erosive low mountain, whose genesis is the same as that of erosive Middle mountain, only its elevation or relative height difference is small. The Qinhe River Basin is the most typical mountainous area: the water erosion of the synclinal core is close to the tiled sand shale to form a low mountain; The water system is dendritic, and the ridge and valley are arranged in order. The ridge is rounded, the mountain is gentle, and the hillside is covered with slope deposits or loess. [4]

Major peak

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EDITOR
Mount Taiyue extends roughly in a northeast-southwest direction. The northern mountains are mainly distributed in the southern part of the Taigu region and the Taihang Mountains. The west is the mountainous area on the east margin of Fenhe Valley [64] . In the east, it is the upper reaches of the two sources of the Zhanghe River, the upper reaches of the Qinhe River and the western margin of the Shangdang Basin.

Northern branch

Taiyue Mountain is mainly located in the north of Taigu, Qixian, Pingyao and Yushe, Wuxiang four counties border line, northeast of the eight Fu Ridge as the boundary, and Taihang Mountains. Originated in Taigu, Qi County, Yushe, Wuxiang four counties border Sixian peak, from the southern end of Taigu district 1 km, an altitude of 2023.5 meters, is the county of mountains. From the north side of the Sixianao Hao Jiabei Mountain, to the northwest into the Qixian border, and from the southwest of Poziling village into Taigu Mountain to the south of Huanggua village Qianhuping. The territory is more than 20 kilometers long, more than 1700 meters of peaks, From west to east are Boma Ping (1,914 meters), Red Shoe Back (1,857 meters), Dahong Nao (1,690 meters), Huangshaliang (1,652 meters), Shima Ling (1,61.9 meters), Baoding Mountain (1,614 meters), Yuanjian Mountain (1,541 meters), Qianhuping, Bijia Mountain (1,622 meters), and Erfo Mountain (1,151.4 meters). From Pangmaping to Yuanjian Mountain, including red shoe back, big red brain, Huangshaliang, Shimaling, sedan top mountain, is the best vegetation mountain in the county area of Nanshan. Thicket is dense, large rainfall, high temperature, suitable for forest, suitable for grazing.
Si Xiannao
Four counties, is the highest peak of Qi county, in the southeast direction of the town of Laiyuan, 2023 meters above sea level. As its name suggests, Sixian Nou is located at the junction of Qi County, Yushe County and Taigu County in the middle of Shanxi Province. It is named for the area where Yushe, Qi County, Taigu County and Wuxiang County can be seen from the top of the mountain. In 2002, Shanxi Sixianao Provincial Nature Reserve was established.
Pangmaping Mountain, located 18 kilometers south of the county seat, elevation of 1914 meters, is the county's first mountain. Mountain back Poziling village, 1650 meters above sea level, is the highest village in the county. Above 1700 meters, undergrowth and good vegetation.
Dapo-yingling, on the south side of the main vein, runs from Maoxiangbei Mountain to the mouth of Shuimocheng Valley in the east. Maling Pass is located on the Maling mountain beam half a kilometer north of Shuimopo (the old ten scenes "Maling snow" is here), which is falsely said to be the place where Sun Bin and Pang Juan fought. There is Tai (valley) Xing (Taiwan) highway through. Good vegetation, warm climate, suitable forest, suitable grazing.
Taigu Phoenix Mountain
Fenghuang Mountain, starting in Dahongdi, extends northwest to the main peak of Fenghuang Mountain, about 12 kilometers long, is the watershed of Xianyang River and Shihe River. Fengshan, the popular name of the main peak of Fenghuang Mountain, is located 8 kilometers south of the county, 1227 meters above sea level (old Zhi ten scenery "Fengshan spring" is this), both sides of the branch for the south mountain fruit area, the peak of Yilin. There is a view of Longquan at the foot of the mountain.
Greater Foshan
Big Foshan, from the top mountain expenditure, northwest extension to the main peak of Big Foshan, about 10 kilometers long, for the four Gua river and stone River watershed. Big Foshan, also known as Fengjing Mountain, is 9 kilometers southeast of the county seat, 1123.7 meters above sea level. Good fruit on the mountainside, good forest on the top of the mountain. Tianning Temple is built on the hillside. [5]
The northern branch of Taiyue Mountain, from Qi County to the southwest, extends to the southeast of Pingyao County, there are: Monshan (1962 meters, is the highest peak of Pingyao), Baota Mountain (alias stick hammer Mountain, 1895 meters above sea level. Fen River tributaries Huiji River (Ancient known as Ying Hou water, also known as Zhongduhe) source this), Black God Mountain (1820 meters), boundary monument mountain (Pingyao, Qinyuan junction, 1610 meters, the old mountain set boundary monument, Pingyao, Qinyuan county boundary name), Red sand rose mountain (1395.8 meters), Shilishan (Pingyao, Jiexiu junction, 1315 meters), Chaoshan (ancient known as Goling Mountain, 1200 meters above sea level. In 1960, the super mountain forest farm was established, with an operating area of 150,000 mu, natural secondary forest of 90,000 mu and artificial forest of 500 mu. Developed a scenic spot). [6]
Purple Mountain
Zijinshan, located in Qixian to yuan town south wind ditch, Qixian, Yushe county, Wuxiang County three counties interchange, 1765.6 meters above sea level, is Qixian nature reserve.
Foothill Mountain and mountain temple
Lutai Mountain, located in Qixian Laiyuan town, Pingyao County, Wuxiang County three counties border, 瀴 Ganhe From the north foot of the mountain. 1770 meters above sea level, the top of the mountain temple, is one of the eight views of Qixian "Lutai Dragon Cave" location. A Mengshan. Also known as the Ye Yi Mountain. "The Book of Mountains and Seas" : The mountain of Ye, baby stream water out of its Yin, is also.

Main vein peak

Taiyue Mountain from Jiexu south to Hongdong, west to the east bank of Fenhe, east to the west of Qinyuan County, mostly for the Huoshan anticline formed in the middle and high mountains, the majestic mountain, stretching nearly 100 kilometers, is the main part of the Taiyue Mountains. Famous peaks are the main peak Huoshan, Lingkong Mountain, gypsum mountain, Mianshan and so on.
Huoshan
Master ridge, the main peak of Huoshan Mountain
Huoshan The main peak of Taiyue Mountain, the "mountain of the town" in the mountain of five towns. It is located at the junction of three cities and counties of Huozhou City, Hongdong County and Guxian County, and is located at the southern end of the main vein of Taiyue Mountain. It is 2,346 meters above sea level, 1,800 meters higher than Linfen Basin, and more towering. In history, Huoshan was sacrificed as a mountain god, and many cultural landscapes were built, such as Zhongzhen Temple, Xingtang Temple, etc., and natural landscapes such as Fuhu Rock, peach blossom Valley, Xixin Spring, grape Ping, Shuangmen Peak, Red Rock Valley, Ma Feng, Ma Run Spring, Xianren Stone, etc., are also very famous. And listed in the national geopark. [1]
Mianshan Mountain
Mianshan Mountain Located in the east side of Xingdi village, 20 kilometers southeast of Jiexiu City, accounting for Mianshan, also known as Jie Mountain, across Jiexiu, Lingshi, Qinyuan three cities and counties, is a branch of Taiyue Mountain, named Mianshan by its terrain, an area of more than 310 square kilometers. In Jiexiu, there are middle peak Mota, north peak Tianjun Mountain, west peak Fo Ye Mountain, east peak Ai Peng Po, middle peak Tiewa Temple Mota at an altitude of 2120.6 meters, north peak Tianjun Mountain at an altitude of 2009 meters, west peak Fo Ye Mountain at an altitude of more than 2000 meters, east peak peak Ai Peng Po at an altitude of 2487 meters, south peak in Lingshi County, cattle horn saddle, 2566.6 meters above sea level, The commanding heights of Jinzhong City. The main peak in Jiexiu and Qinyuan County junction Chafangyan, elevation 2523 meters. Mianshan, according to legend, Jin Wen Gong burning forest force Jie Zitui This is where the story of Izhan takes place. In addition to offering Jie Zitui, Mianshan is also related to the empty King Buddha, that is, the field living Buddha. Empty Wang Buddha formerly known as Tian Zhichao, for the people to resist the rent of the law, shaved for the monk to abbot here, posterity feel its justice, in the Tang Dynasty Kaiyuan years to build a temple statue to commemorate. [6]
Tianjun Mountain
Tianjun Mountain It is the north peak of Mianshan Mountain, the highest point is 2009 meters above sea level. Located 20 kilometers southeast of Jiexiu City, with an altitude of 2009 meters, it is one of the six major peaks of Mianshan Mountain. Tianjun Mountain is rich in vegetation, and Wenfeng Tower is built on the top of the mountain, which is a cultural relic protection unit of Jiexiu City. [7]
Horn saddle
Horn saddle, is the south peak of Mianshan Mountain, 2566.6 meters above sea level, is located in the red Cliff Canyon scenic area. It is topped by alpine meadows.
Wulong Gully, located in Lingshi, Qinyuan, Huozhou three junction, elevation meters. West to gypsum Mountain, Fen River in Huozhou city tributary South River tributary North River originates here.
Gyogsan
Gyogsan Located in Lingshi County, 40 kilometers southeast of the city, south from the Tian river, north to Huashi Rock, west to the partial brain slope, east to the Wulong Valley, with a total area of about 60 square kilometers. The highest peak is 2533 meters above sea level, and the general altitude is 1,500 meters to 1,800 meters. In 1987, Shanxi Provincial People's Government announced it as a provincial scenic spot.
Huqishan In Jiexue city, 13 kilometers southeast of the city, more than 900 meters above sea level, for the Tianjun mountain north mountains, also known as Hongshan, mountainside Hongshan town for the famous porcelain township. Hongshan Spring (also known as Quzi Spring, Shengshui, Yuanshen Pool), flowing continuously since ancient times, is the source of Hongshan irrigation area. "The Book of Mountains and Seas" says: "The mountain of Fox Qi has no grass and trees, many green, more than water out." And the northeast injection flows in Fen, which has a lot of pale jade." That's the mountain. [8]
Han Xinling Located 10 kilometers south of Lingshi County, 1100 meters above sea level, mountainside tilt 40 to 50 degrees. In the county of south Yan township. There are Han Xin tomb and Han Xin Temple site on the Ling, the top of the hill is gentle, the surface is covered with loess, the ancient north-south communication main road, the history of many military. Han Liubang north expedition Chen Sieges, once stationed in this, Anti-Japanese War period, the central army general Wei Lihuang and the Japanese army in this decisive battle, Shanxi new army killed two column and Lingshi County team also in this repeatedly heavy damage to the Japanese.
Qin Wang Mountain, located in Lingshi county 10 kilometers, 900 meters above sea level, in the town of Xiamen, high mountains and steep slopes, ancient is a military important place, Tang Dynasty Li Shimin took HuoYi had stationed troops here, with Song Laoshi decisive battle. In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, Shanxi new military and political guards ambushed the Japanese army here and won. [9]

East extension branch

The eastern mountains of the Taiyue Mountains are mainly Zhanghe Valley, Qinhe Valley and the western margin of the Shangdang Basin where Changzhi City is located. The highest peak is 2454 meters, and the southern peaks include Fang Mountain, Lao Xiong Mountain and Wulong Mountain, all of which are above 1300 meters above sea level. From the north to the south Taiyue Mountains through the west of Wuxiang County, Qinxian County, Qinyuan County, Tunliu County and the west and south of the eldest county, it is a tectonic denudation clastic rock landform, which is divided into 6 parts.
Wuxiang North Fanshuiling Mountain range, the trend of the mountain is NWW, from west to east, the higher mountain head is Shuligeta (1755 meters) - Daeyi (1647 meters) - Zijinshan (1765 meters) - Huolongzhai (1379 meters) - Xiling (1175 meters) - Erlang Mountain (1246 meters), the average altitude in the western region is about 1300 meters, The highest peak Zijinshan 1765 meters, northwest high, southeast low, the north of the mountains for Qi County and Yushe County. The mountain area in the area is 1-15 kilometers wide, narrow in the east and wide in the west, 33 kilometers long, and an area of about 270 square kilometers. The terrain height difference is 400-600 meters, and the western section of the watershed is the watershed of the Fenhe river system (Yellow River basin) and the Zhanghe River system (Haihe River basin).
Qinyuan North watershed mountain range, from the west to the east of the mountain, there are East Xuji (2405 meters) - Tian Zhongshan (1986 meters) - Wuniuping (1761 meters) - West slope (1850 meters) and other mountains, its north for Jiexiu, Pingyao, west for Lingshi. The territory is surrounded by mountains, ups and downs, the terrain is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, the terrain height difference is 800-1400 meters, vegetation development, tabulae dense, the trunk is thick, and the sun is endless. The watershed is Fenhe river system in the north and Qinhe River system in the south, both of which belong to the Yellow River basin.
Qinyuan southwest watershed mountain range, the range runs NW, the higher mountain head has the Lantai mountain (2,302 meters) - Sanyan Kiln (2,142 meters) - Nanshan mountain (1,856 meters) - Dongshan (1,477 meters) - Priest Ling (1363 meters) - Wo Yangwa (1399 meters), its west is Anze County, northwest is Huoxian County, In addition, there are mountains such as Fenghuang Mountain (1527 meters) and Matou Mountain (1416 meters). The terrain is high in the northwest, low in the southeast, and the terrain height difference is 400-1000 meters. The watershed is Fenhe River system in the west and Qinhe River system in the east, both of which belong to the Yellow River basin.
Qinyuan, Qinxian watershed mountain range, the mountains run near south to north, the higher mountain beam is Jie Jia mountain (1644 meters) - Funiu Mountain (1601 meters) - Shengfo Mountain (1363 meters) - Panlong Mountain (1349 meters) - Minghe Mountain (1464 meters) - Songjia Mountain (1481 meters) - Dashunao (1408 meters), the west of the mountain beam is Qinyuan, the slope is steeper, The height difference is more than 500 meters, belonging to the Zhongshan District, the east of the mountain Liang is Qin County, the slope is slower, and it is a low hilly area. The watershed is the watershed between the Yellow River basin and the Haihe River Basin, with the Qinhe River system in the west and the Zhuozhang River system in the east.
The terrain is high in the west and low in the east, with a height difference of 400-700 meters.
The Shuiling Mountains in the south part of Changzhi County, the mountains run towards the NWW direction, and the higher mountains are Yujing Mountain (1,610 meters) - Xiangong Mountain (1,390 meters) - Danzhu Mountain (1,200 meters) - Yangtou Mountain (1,297 meters) - Beishan (1,280 meters) - Jinquan Mountain (1,391 meters), The west of the mountain is Qinhe River system (Yellow River basin) and Zhanghe river system (Haihe river basin) watershed, the south is Qinshui County, the north is eldest county, steep mountains, peaks, terrain height difference 600-800 meters, belongs to the mountain area; The east of the mountain is the watershed of the Danhe River system (Yellow River basin) and the Zhanghe River system (Haihe River basin), the south is Gaoping City, the north is Changzhi County and firstborn County, the mountain is low and slow, the topographic height difference is 200-400 meters, which is a low hilly area. [10]
Laoongsan
Laoxiong Mountain, also known as Nanxiong Mountain. At an altitude of 1419.5 meters, it is the highest peak in Changzhi and the king of the mountains in Shangdang. The three peaks of the whole mountain face off, majestic peaks, like a huge green dragon cruising in Changzhi County Yincheng, West Fire, Southern Song between the three towns. Laoxiong Mountain is known for its pine, green and cypress. As early as the early Ming Dynasty, people listed "male mountains superimposed green" as one of the eight sights of Changzhi. Changzhi County set up forest park here.
Hatyuki
Hatyuki Located in the eldest County, south of the Zhuozhang River, the main peak is 1647 meters above sea level. In ancient times Gonggong and Zhuanxu fought for the throne, Gonggong angry after the head touched "not Zhoushan" so that the sky column fold, the earth is the most, the day falls northwest, the ground is dissatisfied with the southeast. This "not Zhoushan" is the Hatoyama. It is also the residence of Jingwei, the girl of Emperor Yan, in the Classic of Mountains and Seas and the Reclamation of Jingwei. There is "cloud hole" on the mountain, there is a Ling Qiu temple at the foot of the mountain, offering girl for the Zhangyuan water God. [11]
Master mountain, formerly known as three 嵕 mountain. Tunliu County in the northwest 25 kilometers, for the lotus township dependency. The main peak of Linshan Mountain, three 嵕 main temple (commonly known as "Shandong temple") is located on it, 1266 meters above sea level, for the top of the mountains, so master mountain is also called Linshan Mountain. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Eighth Route Army, the county brigade, the guerrillas and the militia, relying on the old Mountain, launched a long-term and indomitable heroic struggle with the aggressors. After the surrender of the Japanese invaders, it was the main battlefield of the Shangdang Campaign.
The main peaks in Qinyuan County are: Qipan Mountain (1745 meters), Purple Mountain (1435 meters), and Endowment Mountain (there is Lihuazhai in front of the mountain. It is said that Fan Lihua's mother once lived here, and the rubble of the present house remains), Tianchi Mountain, Zhouxi Mountain, Zhuhe Mountain, Shiguan Mountain, Lingkong Mountain, Jingcao Wei Mountain, Qianqiu Mountain (the common name of Taishan Mountain God, there is Taishan Temple), Wang He Mountain (and Jiexu County border), Qinquan Mountain (1547 meters), Bijia Mountain, Tianshen Mountain (once known as Beima Mountain, it is said that Jin Shile had worshipped here and built a temple to heaven, Hence the name) Diao Chao Ling, Scenic Hill, Caizi Ping Ling (formerly known as Chai Ling Pass, the peak of the related temple). [12]
Qipan Mountain, is Qinyuan and Qinxian junction Funiu Mountain a peak, according to legend, Funiu Mountain is the place where Yan emperor surrendered cattle. Qipan Mountain is 1,745 meters above sea level and is named after a huge stone chessboard on the mountain. North of the board built an ancient temple, worship the god of fire, cover the temple of Yan Emperor. According to legend, the emperor Shen Nong set up an altar here, like the five elements, and first understood the rules of heaven and earth.
Lingkong Mountain
Lingkong Mountain Formerly known as nine top Mountain, 30 kilometers northwest of Qinyuan County, Changzhi City, Huoshan main peak in the west, Mianshan Mountain in the north, and Huangliang Mountain in the south, covering an area of more than 100 square kilometers. Steep mountain, surrounded by stone walls such as screen, west and Huoshan connected, 1440 meters above sea level. Tang teacher Bodhisattva Temple, also known as Shengshou Temple, built here, for the county tourist resort. There is Tiewa Temple on Lingkong Mountain, built in memory of Li 偘, the fourth son of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. Baiyi Nunnery, established in the eighth year of Hongwu in the Ming Taizu Dynasty (1375), is located in a natural cave with a unique natural landscape. Lingkongshan, named for Buddhist activities, is a famous scenic spot in Shanxi Province. [13]
Yangtou Mountain
Qinyuan Yangtou Mountain, connected with Lutai Mountain in Qixian County, lies in the northeast of Qinyuan County, Qixian County, Pingyao County border, adjacent to Qin County. Qinhe Dongyuan purple red River originated from the southern foot of the mountain, the river is endless in the four seasons, abundant water, 1700 meters above sea level.

Southern branch

A low mountain (Maha Mountain) in the southern part of Taiyue Mountain.
Taiyue Mountain from Huoshan into the south, the altitude is gradually lower, mostly gentle and low mountains, roughly across the Qinhe River, divided into two branches, the west branch in the Guxian County, Anze, Fushan, Qinshui territory, the east branch in Tunliu, eldest son west margin and Anze County territory.
Anze county Huanghualing
Huanghualing, formerly known as Sanguan Ridge, has a peak elevation of 1355 meters. Located in Liangma Township, Anze County, it is a forest park in Shanxi Province with a total area of 1665.3 hectares. The 309 National Highway stretches for 20 kilometers across the scenic area. The shrubs in the scenic area are mainly wild forsythia, covering an area of 210,000 mu, and the yellow flowers of forsythia are named after the mountains in spring. [14]
Shengwang Mountain, located in the southwest border of Fushan County, Huainian Township, east of Yicheng, south of Xiangfen, west of Linfen, in the junction of four counties, and the four counties of the city at an equal distance. The main peak, 1,194.41 meters above sea level, is the highest landmark mountain in the southwest of Fushan, and the "Longquan" in the north and south of its foothills is the origin of 潏 (yu) water and Dengzhuang River. It is the longitudinal axis of the ancient city of Tao Temple, Pagoda mountain is a continuous part of the ancient capital of the ancient emperor Yaotao Temple in Jinggi Province. [15]
Longjiao Mountain, located 17 kilometers south of Fushan County. Also commonly known as "two peaks mountain", Yangjiao Mountain. Above 1200 meters above sea level. Tang Kaiyuan fourteen years (AD 726), Tang Xuanzong under the imperial edict to change Laozi Temple to Qing Tang Temple, and change Yangjiao Mountain to Longjiao Mountain. On the east peak of the two peaks (that is, Yangjiao Mountain) there is still Zuobao Tao Temple, and on the west peak there is the temple of the sheep horn decay, which is a sign of this period of history. It is famous for the story of Yangjiao failing and Zuo Botao living and dying together during the Warring States period.
Panxiu Mountain
Panxiu Mountain, ancient called Lulu Mountain, so the shape of the mountain is like a dragon pan lying in the name. The main peak is 1574 meters above sea level, at the junction of Liangma Township and Tunliu County in the east of Anze and Tunliu. National Route 309 passes under the mountain. The source of the Jiang River. Mountain rock winding, winding hundreds of miles. According to legend, it is the birthplace of the Jade Emperor. On the mountain, there are Jade Emperor Temple, Master Temple, Kowloon Temple ruins, there are "Panxiu view of the sun", "eight springs waterfall", "Panxiu cloud sea", "at a glance of the mountains" and other natural landscapes. [16]
Other relatively well-known are: Yulong Mountain (1,189.5 meters, the top of the mountain has the Mayi Temple, the foot of the mountain is the Jin Mu Gong thousand Mu Battle site), An Taishan (1,593 meters, 326 provincial highway through). [17]

Geographical environment

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EDITOR

climate

Taiyue Mountain is divided into three climatic zones according to its location.
In the north, it belongs to Taiyuan Basin climate zone, which is semi-arid area of Jinzhong heavy. The average annual temperature is 8-10.5℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 38.0-40.4℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -25.8-22.0℃. Heat index 85-95℃. The accumulated temperature is greater than or equal to 10℃ 3100-36i00℃. The average frost-free period is 145-165 days. Total annual solar radiation 130-143 kcal/cm2. Annual precipitation of 400-490 mm, mainly concentrated in July to September. The annual average wind speed is 1.6-2.4 m/s, and the number of gale days is 10-85 days. The main meteorological disasters are severe drought, dry hot air, and severe autumn frost.
The eastern part of the middle is a typical Taiyue Mountain climate area, which belongs to the southeast of Jin semi-humid area. Including Wuxiang, Qin County, Changzhi Basin, Qinyuan, Qinshui and other areas, the best vegetation coverage, the altitude of 700-2200 meters, the vertical climate change is large. The average annual temperature in the region is between 3.0-12.0℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 34.0-40.0℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -33.0-18.0 ℃. Heat index 45-100℃. Greater than or equal to 1-℃ accumulated temperature 1700-- 3900℃. Frost-free period 120-190 days. Total annual solar radiation 123-134 kcal/cm2. Annual precipitation is 550-750 mm. The average annual wind speed is 1.4-2.55 m/s. The main meteorological disasters are rainstorm, flood and hail.
The southern section of Taiyue Mountain belongs to the heavy semi-arid area in the south of Shanxi Province, including Hongdong, Quwo and other areas. The average annual temperature in this region is 11.0-13.8℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 40.0-42.7℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is -26.0-12.0 ℃. Heat index 90-12℃. The accumulated temperature is greater than or equal to 10℃ 3600-4600℃. Frost-free period 180-210 days. Total annual solar radiation 117-128 kcal/cm2. Annual precipitation 480-600 mm. The average annual wind speed is 2.0 to 3.4 m/s. The main meteorological disasters were dry hot air, drought and spring frost. [18]

hydrology

runoff
Taiyue Mountain is the watershed of Fenhe River, Qinhe River and Zhuozhang River. It is also the source of many rivers. It originates from the Zhanghe River basin to the north of the eastern foot, the Qinhe River system to the south of the eastern foot and the Fenhe River basin to the west.
Qinhe river upstream Taiyue mountain valley
Qin River Originated in the northwest of Qinyuan County Taiyue Mountain Erlangshen Valley, from north to south through Qinyuan, Anze, Qinshui, Yangcheng and other counties, and then cut through Taihang Mountain in Wulongkou into the south of the river, into the Yellow River. The Qinhe River is 326 kilometers long and covers an area of 9315 square kilometers. The average annual runoff of the Qinhe River is 1.01 billion cubic meters at Runcheng Station. The upper reaches of Qinhe River are high in elevation, forest area and good vegetation, and the average sediment content of the river is only 6.95 kg per cubic meter for many years, which is the least sediment content of the eight rivers in the province.
Zhuozhang River There are three sources in the south, north and west, and the south source comes from the eldest county of Fa Hong Mountain, a total length of 134 kilometers, and flows north to Xiangyuan County near the Gan village and the west source. The west flows from Zhangyuan Village in the northwest of Qinxian County, 81 kilometers long. West source and south source after the confluence continue to the north, Xiangyuan County near the village of Hecunkou and north source. North from Yushe County willow ditch, 130 km long. Three sources after the convergence called Zhuozhang River, through Licheng, from Pingshun County Xiamataying village exit into Henan. There is Xin 'an Spring in the lower reaches of Zhuozhang River. [19]
The Fen River tributaries originating at the western foot of Taiyue Mountain are:
Changyuan River flows out of the Taiyue Mountains
Changwon River It is one of the main tributaries of the Fenhe River, originating in the Laoyu bottom of Renyi Township, Pingyao County, flowing through the Nanguan village of Wuxiang County into Qi County, in the southeast of Miaojiapu Village and the Uma River, into the Fenhe River, a total length of 88.55 kilometers, the basin area of 1011.16 kilometers. Zihong Reservoir is built in Qixian County upstream. [20]
Uma Commonly known as the Hui Ma River, the Yellow River tributary Fenhe in Shanxi Jinzhong city of a tributary. "Water classics notes" called Jiang Xi, Jiang Gu water. Also known as the back horse valley water, Uma river originated from Taigu and Qixian junction of upper and lower Heifeng, Tongtiangou area, in Qixian and Changyuan River confluence in Qixian Miaobao into Fenhe River. The length of the Uma River is 93 kilometers, with a total drainage area of 640.6 square kilometers. Middle and upper reaches Pangzhuang village east to build a medium-sized reservoir. [21]
Longfeng River, tributary of the Yellow River Fen River tributary. Jiexiu City is the largest of a flood river, Qinyuan County from the red cliff ditch, Caizi ditch, after the ditch, Tie ditch to the ancient village after the confluent, through the big gate into the Mianshan canyon, and then from the Longfeng village south mountain north flow, through the dragon head, Shihe, Xiazhuang and other villages, and then in the Hongxiang village west into the Fenhe River. With a total length of 52 kilometers and a basin area of 556 square kilometers, the annual runoff is 30.7 million cubic meters.
Fan Wang River: the second largest flood river in Jiexiu City, from the city's Fan Wang Village east and west two gully flood confluence out of the mountain, flows through Lianfu, Sanjia, Yi 'an and other townships, to the Hongxiang into the Longfeng River, and then into the Fenhe River. The total length is 23.1km, and the drainage area is 93.7km [7]
Static rising stream The ancient name of Xiaoshui River. Originating from the chessboard Baian field on the cliff of Huapo County, Qinyuan County, from Jiexiu Xingdi village into Lingshi County border, through Jingjie, Jiguang to Jingsheng Town, South HuiHongyan bottom ditch (Baigou) and Sanqi Ditch water flow west to Yan 'an Huicao Bridge Ditch, to South Wangzhonghui Regret Ditch and Shuiyu Ditch to Lingshi County city into Fenhe River. It is 34.5 km long. The basin covers a total area of 282 square kilometers. The average longitudinal slope of the river bed is 27‰. The annual average peak flood discharge of the Jingsheng River is 285 cubic meters/second, and the maximum peak flood discharge is 294 cubic meters/second, and the annual runoff is estimated to be about 14.98 million cubic meters. The upstream vegetation is good, and the downstream river is seriously polluted.
Ninji Ha Originating from the stone shop near the fish spring in Qinyuan County, Hui South Gully, North gully two tributaries, into Lingshi County, Hui Yindong gully, Temple gully, Baiyang River, Xiao Wen Mountain, Gypsum Mountain, Jian Yang Mountain to Yu Kou Hui two gully water, to the East Xu Hui seven pan gully water, in Daoqian Hui Qingshi gully, kiln hui wild gully, Renyi Hui Liu gully water. Xiaoyao Hui left ditch water, to Nanguan town into Fenhe. It is 46.1 km long. The basin covers an area of 258 square kilometers, and the average annual flow of clean water is 0.156 cubic meters per second. The annual runoff is about 13.77 million cubic meters. The vegetation cover in the upper reaches is better. The river downstream is seriously polluted. [22]
The Hongan River It is a tributary of the Fenhe River in the Yellow River basin, originating from the Taiyue Mountain at the junction of Guxian, Qinyuan and Anze. It is named Hongan River because it originates from Anze and flows through Hongdong. The Honganjian River enters the South Tie Gully in Supu Town, Hongdong County, flows through Supu, Quting and Dahuaishu 3 towns and 8 villages in Hongdong County, and flows into Fenhe in Beiying Village. With a total length of 59.7 kilometers and a longitudinal slope of 1.04%, the basin covers an area of 1121 square kilometers and an average width of 18.8 kilometers. [23]
The Huihe River (in Anhui Province) The ancient name of Huishui, wing water, the third largest tributary of Fenhe River. The river is 118 kilometers long, with a drainage area of 2060 square kilometers. The river has two upstream branches, north and south, with a drainage area of 338 square kilometers in the north and 143 square kilometers in the south. The average gradient of the river is 0.44%. The upper mountain tomb is an irregular V-shaped valley, and the lower part is an asymmetric box-shaped valley. [24]
Spring water
The western foot of Taiyue Mountain belongs to the spring area of Guo Zhuang Spring. Guozhuang Spring is one of the few large karst springs in Shanxi Province. It spans Jiaokou, Fenyang, Xiaoyi, Lingshi, Fenxi, Huozhou and Hongdong, and is the main source of water supply for these counties and cities. The spring covers an area of 5,600 square kilometers, spanning Linfen, Jinzhong and Luliang. Xinghuacun Fen distillery, which produces famous wine, uses Guozhuang Spring as its water source.
Guo Zhuangquan Emerging in the Fenhe River Valley in Guozhuang Village, Huozhou, the water inflow is the fourth in Shanxi and the oldest in Linfen, with an average flow of 8.17 cubic meters per second for many years. There are more than 60 large and small springs such as Magou Spring, Fangsi Spring and Dongwan Spring in Guozhuang Spring. The length of the spring is 1.2 kilometers from north to south, and the area is 0.5 square kilometers. [25]
Guangsheng Temple Spring
Guangsheng Temple spring, that is, Huoquan, is located at the foot of Huoshan Mountain, 17 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County, Shanxi Province, and is only 100 meters away from Guangsheng Temple. It is one of the famous karst springs in Shanxi Province, and its range is Huoshan Great anticline. It is adjacent to Hongshan Spring. The spring area is 1352 square kilometers. Calcium magnesium carbonate sulfate water, water quality total hardness 19.7 German degrees, good water quality. Huoquan has become one of the scenic spots of Guangsheng Temple scenic spot, composed of sea field, water pavilion, stone pavilion, water temple, is a famous tourist attraction and irrigation water source. [26]
Genjinchi
Hongshan Spring, located in the southeast of Jiexiu City near Hongshan Town, Huqi Mountain, elevation 916m. Most of the spring water is distributed within a few hundred meters in length, and is composed of Xiaochi Spring, Qili Spring, Yuanshen Pool spring, Black Tiger Spring, Huailiu Spring, etc., forming a concentrated drainage spring group. The catchment system covers an area of 500 square kilometers, exposing a height of 839 meters above sea level. The flow rate is stable. The spring area is located in the mountainous and hilly area in the east of Jiexiu City. Hongshan Spring is a famous historical spring, the Northern Wei Dynasty Li Daoyuan's "Water book notes" recorded: "Sheng water from the Fox Qishan, the east flows into Fen." "Sheng Shui" refers to Hongshan Spring. [7]

vegetation

vegetation
The picea picea is picea picea, Picea picea and Picea picea in the northern part of Taiyue Mountains. The terrain fluctuates greatly, the altitude is from 750 meters in the basin to 3058 meters in the mountain, the frost-free period is 90-170 days, and the precipitation is about 400-500 mm. The soil is mainly light brown soil. In the mountainous area, there are mountain brown soil, mountain meadow soil, and saline soil in the basin with poor drainage. The natural vegetation is picea picea, larix picea and Picea picea picea are widely distributed in Picea picea, Picea larix. The vertical distribution is obvious. Below 1300 meters, for agricultural land, in the arid hillside mainly white leymus, yellow back grass, pole pole, and mixed with sparse sea buckthorn and other brush grassland; 1300-1800 meters, the soil is mountain brown soil, growing Pinus tabulaeformis, Liaodong Dong, and other shrubs such as Spiraea tuzhuang; 1800-2300 meters, the soil is mountain lustrous brown soil, mainly spruce forest and mixed forest composed of aspen, birch, etc. The shade and semi-shade slopes of 2300 to 2600 meters are mountainous brown loam, the soil is moist, and there are forests of North China larch and abies and spruce containing odor; 2600-2800 m, it is a subalpine shrub composed of Caragana arrowifolia and Salix arrowifolia. Above 2400 m it is subalpine meadow.
The meadow of Qiliyu high mountain area in the north of Taiyue Mountain
Scrub vegetation in the southern section of Taiyue Mountain
The middle and south sections are Pinus tabulaeformis forest and Quercus liaodong forest area. The annual precipitation is about 500 mm, the annual average temperature is 7-12 degrees, and the frost-free period is 140-180 days. The soil is mainly mountain brown soil, mountain brown soil and so on. In the mountainous area, there are more peach, poplar and birch forests and pine forests in Liaodong. Shrubland and grassland are common in hills and basins. The vertical distribution of plants is obvious. 1900-2347 meters, subalpine meadow; 1800-2000 meters for birch forest; 1400-1800 m., for Pinus tabulaeformis, polysoma, aspen and other mixed forest; 1000-1400 meters, for white Leymus, Jingtiao, rare birth of Pleuthia and agricultural reclamation area. The Taiyue mountain is dominated by pine, Liaodong forest and secondary scrub, and the Qinhe River basin is dominated by sea buckthorn, Jingtiao and other secondary scrub areas. [27]

Natural resources

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EDITOR

Pasture resources

There are more grassland distribution in Taiyue Mountain area, and there are two centralized contiguous areas.
Horn saddle alpine meadow
Huoshan grassland is located in the northern section of Taiyue Mountain, between Qinyuan and Jiexiu. The area is 300,000 mu, the altitude is 2000 meters, and the annual precipitation is 650 mm. Herbage has mountain horse orchid, rough purple cloud, sheep beard, head grass, penny and so on. Water is difficult. Qinyuan County state farm and pasture set here. Huoshan Caochang was once a horse farm of the Jinsui Army during the Anti-Japanese War.
The low mountain grassland in the south of Huoshan includes the low mountain grassland in the south of Qinyuan and the northwest of Anze (Tangcheng, etc.). With an area of about 200,000 mu and an altitude of about 1100 meters, the forage has white grass, leymus chinensis, setaria, wild alfalfa, human head grass, and pole, etc., the river is long flowing and the drinking livestock is convenient, and the Tangcheng sheep farm is located in it. [28]

Mineral resources

The location of Taiyue Mountain area in Qinshui coalfield
Coal is the largest mineral reserve in Taiyue Mountain area. Taiyue Mountain area is located in the west of Qinshui Coal field, one of the six coal fields in Shansi. Qinshui coal field is mainly anthracite, which is an important coal base for civil use and chemical industry. The coal-bearing area is 30500.1 square kilometers, the resources are 331.65 billion tons, and the regional output is 105.3 million tons. The Qinshui coalfield is dominated by anthracite and semi-anthracite, followed by lean coal and coking coal. In this coal field, the most potential for export is the low volatile strong adhesive coking coal in Qinyuan and Guxian of Taiyue Mountain area in the southwest of this coal field. The main mining areas of Qinshui coal field in Taiyue Mountain area are: Wuxiang mining area, Lu 'an mining area, Changzhi mining area, Qinshui mining area, Yicheng mining area, Guxian mining area, Qinyuan mining area and so on all or part, mainly Guxian, Qinyuan two mining areas.
In terms of metal minerals, the silver ore is mainly in the Shimenyu mining area of Hongdong County, and the silver content in the quartz vein polymetallic deposit of Shimenyu is 62.2 g/ton. Linfen Pagoda Mountain - Erfeng Mountain area, one of the five major iron mines in Shanxi Province, is located in the central south of Taiyue Mountain. It is the main iron-rich mining area in Shanxi Province. There are 7 medium-sized iron ore mines, namely Zhangjiawan, Nanpan, Zhai Di, Beishanjiao, Banshan, Zhangjiapo and Donghai mining areas. The ore is mainly primary ore with a small amount of oxidized ore. The Tharshan-Erfengshan area has the best metallogenic conditions, abundant reserves and good prospect of mining area. Manganese ore is found in Tunliu, Changzhi, Hongdong, Fushan and other places, with limited reserves.
In terms of non-metallic minerals, Huozhou City has flux limestone storage. Take advantage of difficulties. The North Pingconcave of Anze is a fluxite dolomite deposit.
In terms of building materials, cement limestone and stone limestone are widely distributed in Linfen. Lingshi's glass quartz sandstone (including quartzite) reserves are large. The clay deposits in Jiexiu and other places are all sedimentary deposits of Upper Carboniferous. Although the ore bodies are thin, their thickness and quality are stable and their vertical and horizontal extension is far. The physical properties and chemical composition of the ore can meet the first and second grade standards of the ceramic industry.
Chemical limestone (calcium carbide limestone), mainly in Linfen Yukou electric limestone mining area, proved industrial reserves of 31.844 million tons. [29]

Forest resources

Location and range of Taiyue Mountain forest area
Taiyue Mountain in Jiexiu to Hongdong, tall and straight mountains, dense forests, for the province's main forest area - Taiyue Forest, located in the upper reaches of the Qinhe mountain, including Qinyuan, Qinxian, Anze, Guxian, Hongdong, Huo County, Lingshi, Jiexiu county adjacent mountains. According to the statistics in 1987, the natural forest area of Taiyue Forest area was 5.364 million mu, the forest area was 2.609 million mu, the forest coverage rate was 48.6%, the wood stock volume was 6.352 million cubic meters, the average stock volume of forest land was 2.43 square meters per mu, the area of suitable forest land was 1.5332 million mu, and the wood output was 19380 cubic meters in 1980. The forest area and forest volume rank second and third respectively in Shanxi Province. The forest area is mainly broad-leaved forest, broad-leaved trees are birch, Qinggang, poplar, oak, oak and so on. Conifers are mainly pine, and there are a few larch, mostly distributed above 2040 meters above sea level. Pinus tabulatus is the main tree species (90.8%), known as the "town of Pinus tabulatus". The artificial forest area is centered in Anze County, including the artificial forest in ancient county and Fushan area, with an area of four hundred and five hundred thousand mu (one said 241,000 mu), mainly pine. Taiyue Forest area was established in 31 years of the Republic of China (1942), and it was the earliest forest area established in the liberated areas of Shanxi. [30]

Social economy

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EDITOR

Animal husbandry

The pasture of Huapo village, Qinyuan County
Sheep industry is a more developed animal husbandry sector in Shanxi Province. In the Taiyue mountains, Qinyuan, Lingshi, Anze, Guxian and other counties raise more sheep. Taiyue Mountain area has a wide range of alpine grassland, lush forests, leaves and other forage grass rich, the development of sheep breeding favorable conditions. The grassland in Qinyuan and other places has also been degraded due to overgrazing. In addition to farmers' independent raising, there are state-owned farms and ranches in Qinyuan County, Tangcheng sheep farm and other state-owned or collective units located in the Taiyue Mountains. Tangcheng sheep bred in Tangcheng Sheep Farm of Anze County for both wool and meat have the characteristics of large size, long hair, high wool production, strong adaptability, coarse feeding resistance, etc., and are suitable for raising in mountainous areas. [31]

Planting industry

The agriculture in the Taiyue mountains is mainly distributed in two areas: first, the loess hills and low mountains in the transition zone between the Taiyue Mountains and Linfen and Yuncheng basins are hilly areas of loess accumulation, mostly below 800 meters above sea level, the ground is cut by running water, serious soil erosion, low agricultural production level, mainly wheat and cereals, and the proportion of cotton has greatly decreased. There are many dry lands in the area, the general water low land is high, and irrigation is inconvenient.
Qinyuan County in the hinterland of Taiyue mountain cultivated land
The second is the transition hilly area between Taiyue Mountain and Changzhi Basin and Jincheng basin. The area of flat rivers is very small, and farming is limited. It is a rainy place in Shanxi Province, the annual precipitation is generally more than 600 mm, it is a semi-humid climate, the threat of drought is small, but the heat is not high, more than or equal to 10 degrees accumulated temperature of 3200-3800 degrees, and the frost-free period is about 160-190 days. This area has Qinhe River, Zhanghe River flowing through, rich water sources, but because the drought in the area is not heavy, and the general low water, irrigation land is not much, so the utilization rate of water resources is very low. The main crops are wheat, corn, millet, cotton, thread hemp, rape, mulberry and so on, silk, hemp production ranks first in the province. [32]

Forestry production

Before the ban on mining in 1998, nearly 20,000 square meters of timber were harvested in this forest area, which was one of the main logging areas in Shanxi, and the wood produced was mostly miscellaneous wood, poor material, mainly transported by road. The comprehensive utilization rate of forest products is high, and the fiberboard factory, rosin factory and processing plant are built, and the products sell well in the province. Famous herbal medicine five spirit fat, annual output of 10,000 jin, marketing at home and abroad, as well as poria, raw land and so on. Pinus tabulatus seed output is the highest in North China, supporting Beijing, Hebei, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei and other 7 provinces and municipalities. [3]

Mineral exploitation

According to the "Ming Unified Annals", as early as the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Huozhou, Linfen, Hongdong, Fushan, Zhaocheng, Yueyang, Yicheng, Lingshi and other places are producing coal. [33] During the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, the output increased continuously. After the establishment of New China, coal mining developed rapidly under the unified planning and guidance. According to statistics, the main coal producing area of Taiyue Mountain area, in 2017, Qinyuan County's whole society's raw coal output was 11.77728 million tons, the power generation was 761 million KWH, and the coke output of industrial enterprises above designated size was 1.1879 million tons, and a total of 600,000 tons of coal were transported outside the province throughout the year. [34] In 2017, Guxian completed 4.815,300 tons of raw coal, 1.710,100 tons of coke, and 3.214 million tons of cleaned coal. [35] In 2016, Huozhou produced 8.1 million tons of raw coal and 5.976 million tons of refined coal washing. [36] Jiexiu City in 2012 industrial enterprises above designated size production of 7.641 million tons of raw coal, 2012, Lingshi County production of 18.30 million tons of raw coal. [37]
In Linfen City in the central and southern part of Taiyue Mountain, where iron ore mining is mainly concentrated, the city's iron ore ore volume in 2016 was 3.174,500 tons, pig iron 9.4694 million tons, crude steel 9.318,600 tons, steel 11.990,740 tons, and refined copper 68,300 tons. [38]

Establishment evolution

In Jinzhong, north of Taiyue Mountain, the Shang Dynasty was a tribe of the Shang Dynasty, such as the Liangfang (west of Jinzhong and Luliang City), Ji (east of Taigu County), Que (near Jiexiu City) and Yanjing Rong, and the Huaxia and Rongdi nomadic tribes lived in the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty. During the Spring and Autumn Period, most of them belonged to the territory of the State of Jin, and in the east there was another fat state built by the Bai Di nationality. In the sixteenth year of King Ling of Zhou (556 BC), King Ping of Jin gave "Zhaoyu Qi" (central Shanxi) to the doctor Qi Xi as a food town, called Qi Yi, which covered most of the area of Jinzhong. In the sixth year of King Jing of Zhou (514 BC), the State of Jin divided Qiyi into seven counties, and Taiyue had Qi, Wu and other counties. In the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 BC), the three families of Zhao, Wei and Han were divided into Jin, and the situation was divided into three countries. After the state of Zhao became strong, most of the area was returned to the state of Zhao. Qin set Yangyi, Qi, Zhong Du, Wu, Jie Xiu, Ma head and other counties, Taiyuan County (governing Jinyang) jurisdiction. During The Three Kingdoms, Wuxiang County was divided from Niye County, and Jiexiu County was changed from Jiexiu. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Wenpingtao County was transferred to Pingyao County, and in the tenth year of Sui Kaihuang, Pingchang County was disintegrated into Lingshi County. Open emperor eighteen years Yangyi County Taigu County, open emperor sixteen years from the township county to separate Yushe County. [39]
The main peak of Taiyue mountain is located in Linfen, is one of the birthplace of the Chinese nation, "Imperial century" said: "Yao Du Pingyang", that refers to Linfen. In Western Zhou Dynasty, Zhou Cheng King Feng brother Shu Yu in Tang (Yicheng), because there is Jin water in Tang, Shu Yu's son Xie Fu "easy Tang Jin". In the spring and autumn, Jin Wen Gong dominated the north, the center of Jin Linfen in the south. The Warring States is Han. The beginning of the Qin Dynasty was Hedong County and Pingyang County. The Western Jin Dynasty was the capital of Liu and Han dynasties. Tang Prefecture in Northern Wei. Sui put Linfen County, Linfen first name. Tang is Jinzhou. The Northern Song Dynasty set up Pingyang House, Taiyue Mountain Linfen, Hongdong, Yueyang, Zhaocheng, Huoyi, Fushan, Jishi county began. Yuan for the book of Shanxi Province, comfort Division of Jinning road (Linfen). Reset Pingyang mansion in Ming and Qing dynasties. National Linfen, Hongdong, Zhaocheng, Xiangling, Fen city, Anze, Fushan, Yicheng, Huo County and other counties, is under the jurisdiction of Hedong Road. In 1983, Linfen County and Linfen City were merged into Linfen City. On November 1, 2000, Linfen City was established at the prefecture level.
Taiyue Mountain north Changzhi district border, Tunliu County, Shang, Zhou times for the Lihou territory. During the Spring and Autumn period, Chidi City was called Liuxu, Lu Xuanggong sixteen years (593 BC) Jin Lu son after the country called "pure stay", Warring States began to call "Tunstay". In the western Han Dynasty, there were two counties. Eldest son County, Zhou Shi has this name, Qin set eldest son County. Wuxiang County, Western Zhou Dynasty for the land of Gao Wolf, spring and Autumn have a legend of the country. The Warring States period was called Nirvana, first Han, then Zhao. Qin Shangdang County, West Han County. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, later Zhao set Wuxiang County and Wuxiang County. In the early Spring and Autumn period of Qin County, Qindi was the residence of Chidi. The Jin people destroyed the rest of the Di, set copper city, from copper 鞮 for the county name into history. Spring and Autumn King Ling 12 years (560 BC) was named Jin doctor Yanggushi food town. Yuan, Ming, Qing along the Ming called Qinzhou. At the beginning of the Republic of China, it was renamed Qin County. Qinyuan County, Han County, named Guyuan county, Gunear county. Northern Wei Xiaozhuang Emperor Jianyi first year (528), because the county is located in the birthplace of Qinhe Qinyuan County. Sui Mianshang County, then called Qinyuan County. [40]

Social development

The Taiyue Mountain area is mainly distributed in Jinzhong, Linfen and Changzhi of Shanxi Province. In Jinzhong City, the regional GDP in 2017 was 128.49 billion yuan, the per capita regional GDP was 38,274 yuan, the per capita disposable income of residents was 21,128 yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban permanent residents was 30,927 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of rural permanent residents was 12,297 yuan. [41]
Changzhi City, the city's gross regional product in 2018 was 164.56 billion yuan. The primary industry accounted for 3.9%; The secondary industry accounted for 54.2%; The tertiary industry accounted for 41.9%. In the tertiary industry. The annual per capita disposable income of permanent urban residents was 32,024 yuan, and that of permanent rural residents was 13,818 yuan. [42]
In 2017, Linfen City's GDP was 120.52 billion yuan, the per capita regional GDP was 27102 yuan, the public financial budget revenue was 8.60 billion yuan, the tax revenue was 5.02 billion yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban permanent residents was 27,085 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of rural permanent residents was 10,05 yuan. [43]
Taiyue Mountain area is an old revolutionary area. Due to geographical restrictions, many areas in the hinterland of Taiyue are poor counties. Wuxiang County is Guoding poverty-stricken county, Yushe County, Qin County, Qinyuan County, Gu County, Anze County, Fushan County, Qinshui County are all poverty-stricken counties in Shanxi Province. In 2018, Qinyuan and Qinshui counties were removed from the list of poor counties. [44]

History and culture

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Huoshan foot of the town temple site
South of Taiyue Mountain, Qinshui River basin and Zhongtiao Mountain, is the core area of the legend of Emperor Yan, the first ancestor of Chinese civilization, in Qinyuan, eldest son and other counties, legends and sites about Emperor Yan are everywhere: Fa Hatoyama Mountain is the residence of Emperor Yan's maiden Jingwei (girl), Qipanshan is the place where Emperor Shen Nong's altar day and so on. Linfen city is the long-term activities of Emperor Yao, the spring and autumn five tyrant Jin capital, archaeological findings have also proved that here is the birthplace of Tao Temple culture. Jinzhong area at the northern foot of Taiyue is the birthplace of Jin merchants.
Huoshan Mountain, the main vein of Taiyue Mountain, was named "mountain of Middle town" in the sequence of "Mountain of Five Towns" in Chinese history. "Zhou Li" records that Huo Taishan is the town of Jizhou mountain. Huoshan Mountain was recorded in the Book of Mountains and Seas, and the story of Huotai Mountain (here in Tai and Tai in general) was also recorded in the Record of the Grand Historian. When King Wu paid Zhou, Feilian guarded the northern land for King Zhou of Shang, set up an altar for King Zhou of Shang to offer sacrifices and pray, and buried Huotai Mountain after his death. In ancient times, Huoshan Mountain, including the entire Taiyue Mountain Range, was the most concentrated area of ancient sacrificial activities. The ancient gods of the mountains often bury jade in front of the mountain, people called "bury jade", in most cases are buried deep jade and jade. Taigu and Qixian still have the place names of "Bai GUI" or "Bai Bi" in existence. Some villages near Taiyue Mountain in Pingyao, Jiexiu and Huozhou are often named with Bi, which is believed to be related to ancient Huoshan sacrifice. Pinyan, a brilliant son of Hedong in the time of Emperor Su of the Tang Dynasty, also wrote a biography for the God of Huoshan, "The god of Huoshan... Famous mountains within the total territorial sea ".
Later generations began to build sacrificial temples on Huoshan. For example, in the 14th year of Sui Kai Emperor (AD 594), the famous Zhongzhen Temple was built under the imperial edits of Sui Wen Emperor. In the early Tang Dynasty, King Li Shimin led the army to defeat Song Laosheng under Huoshan, and built Xingtang Temple and Ciyun Temple. Until the early 1930s, Huoshan still retained various cultural and natural scenic spots on a considerable scale. Among them, the historical and cultural landscapes such as Zhongzhen Temple, Xingtang Temple, Ciyun Temple, Shoushi Temple, Hongya Temple, Guangsheng Temple, "Transparent Stele", Temple of the descendants of Our Lady, "Xinglong Jungle" archway, Kang Xi's imperial book "Linghuo Huatai" plaque, Huoquan water Pavilion, Xuanwu Temple and Xuanhou Temple, etc., Guangsheng Temple Feihong Pagoda and Xuanwu Temple copper archway are extremely famous. However, the main ancient buildings on Huoshan such as Zhongzhen Temple and Xingtang Temple have long collapsed, leaving only some vague traces and ruins. Guangsheng Temple at the southern foot of Huoshan Mountain is the only surviving thing in Zhongzhen. [1]
In the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, the Communist Party of China established the Taiyue anti-Japanese base, paid a great price for defeating the Japanese invading army and supporting the war of liberation, and established immortal achievements. [3] Wuxiang County, in the north of Taiyue Mountain, was the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army and the Uttar Pradesh Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China during the Anti-Japanese War. Taiyue Administration, Taiyue Military Command, Taiyue Military Region Political Department, Taiyue Arsenal, Taiyue Xinhua Daily printing factory were stationed in Anze County. [45]

Historic sites

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relics

The site of Jiexu Hongshan Magnetic Kiln is located in the area of Hongshan and Mogou Village, Hongshan Town, east of Jiexu City, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province. Hongshan Kiln was created and burned in the early years of the Northern Song Dynasty, experienced the Jin and Yuan Sheng burning, and went into decline in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Hongshan Kiln site is a site with a long history and relatively complete preservation, which provides important materials for the study of the origin, development and prosperity of Shanxi ancient ceramics industry. On May 25, 2006, Hongshan Kiln Site was announced by The State Council of the People's Republic of China as the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Mesi push tomb, in the east of Zhangfen village, Lingshi County, 16 kilometers from the county seat, the original scale of the temple in front of the tomb has been destroyed during the Japanese invasion of China, the tomb seal has been damaged, the surrounding debris still exists, covering an area of 50 square meters.
Tomb of Han Xin
Han Xin tomb, in Lingshi County, Gaobi town, 10 kilometers from the county seat, tomb height of about 10 meters, circumference of about 30 meters, the original scale of the temple of Han Hou, temple has been destroyed during the Japanese invasion of China, the existing "Huaiyin Hou tomb" broken monument.
Jingsheng Temple, 15 kilometers east of Lingshi County, Jingsheng town in the middle, according to the "Lingshi County Chronicle" (Wanli edition) recorded "Yuan to Shun three years (1332) built" covers an area of 424 square meters.
The Royal Family compound
Wang family compound, located in the west foot of Taiyue Mountain Lingshi County East Jingsheng town. It is built by the Jingsheng Wang family through the Ming and Qing dynasties and more than 300 years, including five lanes and six castles, with a total area of 250,000 square meters. Opened in 1997. In early 2002, it was rated as a national AAAA level tourist attraction and China's "Quality miles" national demonstration unit, in 2006, it was listed as "National key cultural relics protection unit" by The State Council, and on December 15 of the same year, it was listed in the "China's World Cultural Heritage Preparatory List". [46]
Chang Bi Castle
Zhangbi Castle, located in Zhangbi Village, Longfeng Town, Jiexu City, Shanxi Province, is a combination of ancient castle tunnels, palaces, temples, military religion, and folk history. It is famous for its "ancient temple gods and Buddhas, Mingbao secret Daoqi". The castle is covered with underground tunnels, which connect with the castle in all directions.
Temple of Longevity Suxi Temple, commonly known as Suxi Temple, is located 10 kilometers east of Lingshi County, Shanxi Province, on the west side of Suxi Village, about 8 kilometers from Lingshi County, about 5.7 kilometers from Jingsheng Royal family compound. National key cultural relics protection units. The temple was founded in the 11th year of Xiantong in the Tang Dynasty (870) and rebuilt in the Song Dynasty.
Guxian Peony Cultural tourism area, located in Sanhe Village, Shibi Township, Guxian County, is famous for its three-thousand-year peony flowers, which open at the end of April to early May every year. The flowers are as big as a plate and as white as snow. Peonies are 1.83 meters high, 4 meters in crown width and 15 meters in circumference, with more than 400 flowers blooming every year and a long flowering period. Verified by experts as the largest single wild white peony in China, known as the "King of Peony", has been included in the "Chinese Peony Book", praised by the National Peony Association as "the first peony in the world".
Yanqing Temple, located on the Pingfeng Mountain in the northeast of the ancient county, was founded in the second year of Xuanhe of Song Dynasty (1120) and completed in the early year of Yanqing of Liao Dynasty (1124), so it is named Yanqing Temple. Building the Temple of Sanqing and the Temple of Divine Dragon.
Lin Xianxi is like a tomb
Lin Xiangru Tomb, 58 kilometers north of the county seat of the ancient county Liziping village, the cemetery area of about 900 square meters, tomb height of about 10 meters, perimeter of about 300 meters, in front of the tomb there are seven years of the Republic of China (1918) "Zhao Shangqing Lin Xiangru tomb" stone monument (has been disabled), 1960 Anze County People's Committee set up a monument to protect cultural relics. In 1995, it was announced as a county-level cultural relics protection unit. [47]
Fushan Laojun Cave
Fushan Laojun Cave, located 5 kilometers south of Fushan County, covers an area of 1224 square meters, was built in the second year of Tang Wude (619), through the Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties of the dust years, there are destroyed and built, the beginning of the existing scale, in 1957 was listed as Shanxi Province cultural relics protection units. The temple door and the mural cultural relics in the temple are of high value. It is an extremely precious material for the study of Taoist culture Lao-tzu philosophy and ancient art sculpture. In 2006, it was listed in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.
Anze County Yulong Mountain and Mayi Temple tower
Mayi Temple, located in Yulong Mountain, Hechuan Town, Anze County, the main remains of the brick tower of Mayi Temple, is a masterpiece of Buddhist cultural relics, built during the Dading period of King Sejong Jin (AD 1162 -1173). In 1996, it was named the third batch of Shanxi Provincial level cultural relics protection units, and in March 2013, it was announced by The State Council as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units. The three holes of the old stone kiln where the Taoist monks lived and practiced were originally dilapidated, and the county cultural relics department restored the original appearance after repair. And built a temple on the site of the fallen temple. [17]
Wa Huang Temple is located in Jia Village, Dazhang Town, 5 km away from Huozhou City, Shanxi Province. Built in the Ming Dynasty, after the destruction, the Qing Tongzhi four years to rebuild. There are hanging sculptures and murals in Wa Huang Temple, especially the murals in the main hall. National key cultural relics protection units.
Yao Temple, located in the southern outskirts of Yaodu District about 3 kilometers away. Originally built in Jin, Jin Yuan Kang moved to Fen East. Tang Xianqing three years (658) moved to the southern suburbs. From Tang to Ming and Qing dynasties, it was repaired and rebuilt many times. In 1965, it was listed as a key provincial cultural relic protection unit. It's a temple to worship Tao Yao. The main buildings include: palace gate, instrument gate, light pavilion, Yaojing Pavilion, Guangyun Hall, Shun Hall, Yudian, Emperor Yao's bedroom and so on.
Guangsheng Temple
The previous earthquake destroyed, except for the upper temple Feihong Pagoda and Maxiongbao Hall rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, the rest are Yuan dynasty buildings. Divided into upper, lower two temples and water temple three buildings. The upper temple is at the top of Huoshan Mountain, surrounded by green cypress, the ancient pagoda is Zhi, and the glass components are brilliant. Lower temple in the foothills, with the terrain ups and downs built, high and low scattered, overlapping. The water Temple is adjacent to the lower temple, the wall is connected, and the Ming Ying king is worshiped inside, among which the Yuan Dynasty drama murals are well-known at home and abroad.
Xingtang Temple, Xingtang Temple is located in the middle of Huoshan Mountain in the northeast of Yuanchuan Township, 30 kilometers northeast of Hongdong County. The temple is located in the west of Zhongzhen Temple, which was founded in the first year of Tang Zhenguan (627). In 1948, the monks of Xingtang Temple moved to Guangsheng Temple. On August 5, 1985, Hongdong County designated Xingtang Temple as a county-level cultural relic protection unit. There are Guanyin Bodhisattva temple Sutra building, guest hall and other buildings. [48]
Zhongzhen Temple is located 2.5 kilometers east of Guankou village under the main peak of Huoshan Mountain. According to the Annals of Zhaocheng County: in Sui dynasty, Huoshan was the town, Tang Zhenguan four years set up temple, Kaiyuan eight years should seal the holy Duke, Song Zheng and four years should seal Ling King, Yuan Chengzong three years added Huoshan town for Chongde should Ling King, Ming Hongwu two years renamed the town of Huoshan God, so the name of the town temple. The main hall of the temple and the mountain gate were rebuilt in the Qing Dynasty. The original Song, Yuan, Ming, Qing stone stele hundreds, demolished in 1974, now only stone stele number. [49]
Hair Hatoyama mountain cloud hole
Fa Hatoyama under Ling Qiu temple
Ling Qiu Temple. In the eldest county Shizhe town Fangtou village under Hatoyama, is the "Book of Mountains and seas" recorded "Zhangshui Yan" place. Formerly known as the Spring Temple and the Three Holy Princess Temple, the local people are also commonly known as the Grandma Temple. According to the records of the Book of Mountains and Seas, the inscriptions left in Lingqiu Temple and folklore, Fa Hatoyama is not only the birthplace of the Jingwei reclamation story, but also the place where the original Emperor Yan once lived. Ling Qiu temple main worship Yan Di's little girl baby, another worship Yan Di's wife and eldest daughter Yao Ji. [50]

Scenic spot construction

In order to develop tourism in Taiyue Mountain area, in 1992, Shanxi Province set up Taiyue Mountain National Forest Park on the basis of Taiyue Mountain Forest Farm, spanning Jinzhong, Linfen and Changzhi three cities. With a total area of 60,000 hectares, it is the largest national forest park in Shanxi Province. Planning and construction of Jiexiu Mianshan, Lingshi Red Cliff canyon, Gypsum Mountain, Huozhou Xiaojian Yu (including Taotangyu, Xuanquan Mountain), Qinyuan Lingkongshan, will Tai, good place, Hongdong Tangxing Temple and other nine major scenic spots. In September 2012, Taiyue Mountain National Forest Park was awarded the title of "the most Influential Forest Park in China". [51]
Mianshan Scenic Area, in 1987, the people's government of Shanxi Province announced Jixiu Mianshan as a provincial scenic spot. Is the Spring and Autumn period Jin Jie seclusion, the place of fire, but also the origin of the Cold food Festival, the east foot of the mountain Qinyuan County, the original Jie Zitui temple, has been abandoned. [6] By 2000, the annual reception of Mianshan had reached 400,000 people. In 2012, the annual income of Mianshan was more than two billion yuan, and the number of visitors was 1.5 million. [6] [51]
Taotangyu Natural Scenic Spot
Taotangyu Natural Scenic spot, located in the south of Huoshan 20 kilometers southeast of the city, the tour area of about 40 square kilometers, according to legend, because of the emperor Yao summer here named. It is known as the Tautang Valley. It is one of the main scenic spots of Huoshan Mountain, one of the top ten famous mountains in ancient China. The whole scenic spot is composed of three parts: the Palace of Emperor Yao, the Five Dragon Pool and the Stone Gate landscape. [52]
Xuanquan Mountain scenic spot
Red Cliff Canyon scenic spot
Red Cliff Canyon, also known as Red cliff ditch, is located in Lingshi County, is the northern section of Taiyue Mountain, adjacent to Jiexiu Mianshan, in front of the ditch has the national key cultural relics protection unit Jingjie Site, at the foot of the mountain Jiezitui tomb, Jie Hui Hou Temple, the ditch with cliff terrain and horn saddle meadow as the characteristics of beautiful scenery. [53]
Huozhou Qiliyu scenic spot
Qiliyu Scenic spot, located in the northern hinterland of Huoshan, Zhongzhen, east of Lingkong Mountain Qinyuan County, north of Lingshi County and Jiexui Mianshan, 16 kilometers away from the city, is an important part of Taiyue Mountain National Forest Park, Fenhe tributary Nanjian River flows through the ditch. The total area of tourism is 150,000 mu. There are five Dragon Gully, Drop Cliff waterfall, double Rufeng, South Tianmen, Shirengou, Stone cliff pine, North China natural larch protection area, Eight immortal Cave and other scenic spots. [54]
Gypsum Mountain Forest Park, located 40 kilometers southeast of Lingshi County city, east to Wulong Guli, with a total area of about 60 square kilometers, south from the bank of the Tianhe River, north to Huashiyan, west to Biannao Slope, with a total area of about 60 square kilometers. Construction began in 1985 and it is an early tourist attraction. In December 2001, Lingshi County Cultural Bureau, Taiyue Mountain Forest Management Bureau Gypsum Mountain Farm and other four units signed a contract to jointly develop Gypsum Mountain scenic spot. [55]
Qinyuan Good Place Scenic spot, located in the northeast of Taiyue Mountain National Forest Park, Qinyuan County, the scenic area of 2104.4 hectares, the scenic spot is famous for subalpine meadows, large scenery and artificial forest landscape. [56]
Pingyao county Supermountain scenic spot Originally a forest farm, there are Zigai Peak, Wansongling, Baifu Temple, Wenshu Top, Guanyin Ping, pagoda Rock, Ying Runquan, Jiaogou plug, nine chain and dense wood landscape. [6]
Xunzi Cultural Park, built since 2004, is located on the Kuang Mountain on the east bank of Qinhe River in Anze County, with a total investment of more than 80 million yuan, covering a total area of 1.12 square kilometers. Surrounded by green water and lush trees, it is one of the main cultural landscapes of ecological tourism in Anze County. [57]
Super Mountain scenic spot. The center is located in Baifu Temple, 25 kilometers southeast of Pingyao County. Supported by Chaoshan Forest Farm, Chaoshan, Monshan, Baotashan and other more than 200,000 mu of large forest covered mountains and mountains, the scenic area is composed of strange pines and different trees standing, rare birds and exotic animals, there are purple Gai peak, Wansong Ridge, Wenshu top, Qingguang peak, Guanyin Ping, pagoda rock, Ying l run spring, Baifu well and Jiaogou block cliff, nine chain, welcome pine, Yaodigou sunrise and other natural landscapes. There are Baifu Temple, Chaoshan Dufu Village, pagoda, the tomb of the revolutionary martyrs in front of Liang, Wuquwan Reservoir and many other cultural landscapes. [6]
Xingtang Temple Scenic Tourist area, located in the northeast of Xingtang Temple Township, Hongdong County, belongs to Huoshan Nature Reserve, is a branch of Taiyue Mountain National Forest Park. Approved in 1992, it became an experimental area for the development and utilization of state regulations in 2003, and began to operate in 2006 by the provincial Price Bureau. It is an experimental forest scenic park in Shanxi Province. [58]
Red Mud Temple Nature Reserve
Red Mud Temple Nature Reserve, Linfen City, Shanxi Province Anze County Du village, Liangma township junction, used to be Taiyue military factory, is now the predecessor of Huaihai Arsenal. In December 2005, the provincial government approved the establishment of a nature reserve under the Anze County Forestry Bureau. The reserve is located at the southern foot of Taiyue Mountain, at the junction of Du Village and Liangma Township in the southeast of Anze County, with a total area of 20,700 hectares. The main object of protection is the forest ecosystem dominated by deciduous broadleaf forest and mixed forest.

The pass and the mouth

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Ancient famous "bird mouse valley", also known as Lingshi mouth. The cold spring at the north end of Fenhe Valley and the south Pass at the south end are the northern and southern gates of Lingshi. Tongpu railway, Taisan highway two major traffic lines along the bird mouse Valley from north to south through the terrain is dangerous, convenient transportation, is the throat of Jinzhong to south Shanxi, North China to the northwest.
Lingshi South Pass, namely ancient cool south Pass, also known as Yin place pass. Located 24.5 kilometers west of Lingshi County, it is the location of Nanguan Town Government, Nanguan Railway Station, Fenxi Mining Bureau Nanguan Coal Mine and Nanguan Power Plant. Nanguan east along the Renyi River by Xixu to Qinyuan, west to Wang Yu to Fenxi, Nantong Huoxian County, north to the county seat, all have roads connected, convenient transportation. And Tongpu railway, Taisan highway (State Road 108 Shanxi section) line to the south, for Jinzhong area access to the gateway.
Cold Spring Pass, that is, the ancient Yangliang North Pass, is located in Lingshi County, 16,5 kilometers north of the city of cold Spring village, in the territory of two Du Town. Guan left mountain right river, railway through, the terrain is dangerous, the history of the Guan set card, garrison defense, as a fortress. In modern war, it is an important pass for controlling railway and road traffic.
Fenshui Pass, located in the south of Lingshi County 10 kilometers, in the town of Xiamen, the narrow valley, on both sides of the overlapping mountains, towering mountains, Tongpu railway and Taisan highway (National Highway 108 mountain west section) from the river valley to the south stretching east and west, Linghui highway, Jiemu Highway are to pass here, is Lingshi County, the center of the inner text, the east has Hanxinling, the west has Qinwang Mountain as a natural barrier, Played an important role in the war. [59]
Maling Pass
Taigu Maling Pass, Taigu Maling Pass is the ancient Taigu County to Yusshe County traffic artery, the past dynasties have a pass here. In 342 B.C., the Qi military commander Sun Bin attacked Wei to save Zhao, and was defeated here. Pang Juan of Wei committed suicide. This is the "Battle of Maling" in history. Maling Pass has a thousand years old locust tree, according to legend, when Sun Bin once wrote "Pang Juan died here" on the tree. There is a tomb of Pang Juan on the mountain near Malingguan Village. Shanxi Province 319 provincial highway through this.
Pingyao county Pudong village Gukou
Putongguan, in Pingyao County south fifty miles Putonggu mouth (Pudong village). Southeast of Shuicewa, Taishanling, south of Mian Shang Guan, Qinyuan County; West to Guanziling, south into Yueyang County (ancient county, Anze County), for exchanges. Hongwu five years, set patrol garrison.
Boundary monument mountain under Qinyuan county Hougou village
Jiebei Mountain, in the southeast of Pingyao County and Qinyuan County Wanghe junction, Shanxi Provincial Highway 222 through this.
Guanziling, the village is located at the junction of Jiexiu City and Qinyuan County, in the southeast corner of Jiexiu City and the northwest of Qinyuan County. In the old days, for anti-theft bandits, had set up a lockdown, so the name. The Qianlong edition of the Annals of Jiexiu County said: "Guanziling is sixty miles southeast of the county and joins Qinyuan. The forest is high and the mountains are high and the people are rare. Ming Hongwu five years have set up inspection, Tiankai five years cut." Qinjie highway passes here.
Gaobi Mountain, in the south of Lingshi County, Shanxi Province, is a north-south pass. According to legend, Han Emperor Liu Bang attacked Chen Xi when Lu Queen beheaded Han Xin, Liu Bang on the way back to Chang 'an, received the Han Xin head (head) sent by Lu Queen, then buried on the Ling, so also known as Han Xin Ling, also known as Han Hou Ling. On the ridge Tomb of Han Xin .
Changyuan River upper tuanbo Valley area topography
Tuanbaigu, located between Qi County, Wuxiang County, north from Zihong village of Qi County, south through Wuxiang County west border to Qin County West Tang Village, about 60 kilometers long. Through the Taiyue mountains, connecting Jinzhong basin and Shangdang basin. Before the Song Dynasty, Qixian Valley mouth built Longzhou city, called North Pass; Wuxiang built Nanguan. It is a military fortress from the Five Dynasties to the early Song Dynasty and a famous ancient battlefield in Shanxi. Changyuan River flows through it, which has been a traffic pass in the southeast of Shanxi since ancient times, and has great traffic and military value. According to historical records, numerous battles occurred here in the past dynasties, only from the late to the early Northern Song Dynasty in a short period of more than 20 years, there are more than ten major battles broke out here, which shows its important military traffic status. Jin destroyed the Northern Song Dynasty this road is also an important pass. The 208 National Highway is the main traffic line in Shanxi Province. [60]
Zihongkou
Zihong mouth, located in Qixian Tuanbaigu West Changyuan River middle reaches out of the mountain area, and Tuanbaigu together in Qixian, Wuxiang County to connect Jinzhong basin and Shangdang basin channel, 208 national highway through this.
Wuxiang South Pass, the former site in Wuxiang County 45 kilometers northwest of Nanguan village, because located in Qi County (Longzhou Yu) north pass south and named, also known as the North and south pass, Song set pass. Here north even Qi County, west Pingyao, for the south of Jishan, Luze throat, is Shangdang access to Jinzhong basin hole, ancient northwest Xiongguan, calendar called the south pass key. Jin soldiers invaded the Northern Song Dynasty through this. In the 1920s, Yan Xishan built a highway from Taiyuan to Changzhi, and the pass was expanded. In 1939, the Japanese army invaded Nanguan, demolished the pass and built the Baijin Railway, and built a station here, which was one of the largest material transfer stations for the Japanese army in the three provinces of Shanxi, Hebei and Henan. Eighth Route Army 129th Division broke the road, three battles south pass. State Route 208 passes through.
Angche Pass, the former site is 4 kilometers east of Wuxiang County, Shangguan village near the Guanhe reservoir, also known as Mangche pass, Yangche Pass, Guanxi Kou. Zhuozhang River flows from north to south, ancient for the upper Party to Taiyuan main road, Tang Guan. Tang Huichang three years (843), Liu Zhen Zhaoyi rebellion, edict. Hedong ordered Liu Mian to guard Angche Pass with troops. In the second year of Tianfu (902), Zhu Quanzhong sent Shucong into Tianjing Pass of Taihang Mountain and marched into Angche Pass.
Zhangyuan Wan Gulkou, in Qinxian County, 18 kilometers north of Jiaokou village, ancient Jiaokou town. East side Huashan, west side Jie Jia mountain, in the canyon, next to the cliffs, turbid Zhangzhou west stream, north through Dragon boat Valley, Tuanbai Valley, through Qi County Longzhou Valley, for the throat. Crossing Zhangyuan, by Zouma Ling, Wuxiang county boundary.
Mianshang Pass: The site is located in North Mianshang Village, Guo Dao Town, 35 kilometers northwest of Qinyuan County. Open Guan. Hongwu four years of inspection department in the north. Rear cut. It was abandoned in the early Republic of China. Shanxi Provincial Highway 222 passes through here.
Songlin Store: Located 6.2 kilometers north of Qinyuan County, it is the throat of the north-south trunk road to Pingyao and Jiexiu counties. Since the Republic of China, winter defences have been set up here every year until the 24th year of the Republic of China. Shanxi Provincial Highway 222 passes through here. [61]
Shangdang Pass site
Shangdang Pass Qin Zhi, located Shanxi Province Changzhi City Tunliu County Heijiakou Village Xiaokou West and Linfen City Anze County Liangma Township Huazhai village junction Maha Ling, here was once Changzhi to Linfen City through the place, built in the junction of the two cities "Shangdang Pass" due to disrepair basically collapsed. Kansai built a good horse village. National Highway 309 and Qinglan Expressway (G22), which run east-west through the central part of Shanxi Province, pass through the south east branch of Taiyue Mountain near the entrance site.
Fucheng Pass, the former site in Anze county town, west for grass Yu Ridge, east to Shangdang Pass. The Tang Place Pass. Cayu Ridge, for G55 Qinglan Expressway, national highway 309 line, Linfen City Anze County to ancient county town county road checkpoint.
Pingning Pass, the former site is 5 kilometers east of Fushan County, the Eastern Han Dynasty set pass. Bao Yong of the old Eastern Han Dynasty broke the green calf here, and reported to Emperor Guangwu: "The thief has been flattened, and the country has been peaceful." For it was named Pinion. "Read Shifang Youji" : "Pingning Pass, Fushan County, ten miles east of the county. In the early Eastern Han Dynasty, Bao Yong broke the green calf here."
Hengling, 20 kilometers east of Fushan County, Nantong Yicheng, North Dagu County, east remote Qinshui road. Across the north and south, winding undulating, up to 40 kilometers, is the watershed of the county.
Dry wall, the site in the northwest of Fushan County west Zolling, Weinian Liang area, (one said in Xiangfen County north 5 kilometers old town), also known as dry city, the Northern Wei. In 402, in the fifth year of Tianxing in Northern Wei, Yao Xing, the later king of Qin, sent his brother Yao Ping with 40,000 troops to attack Wei. The Qin army was defeated in a two-month battle. It is known as the Battle of the Drywall. There are still the remains of the ancient city wall and the ruins of the beacon tower. "Wei Shu · Topographic records" : "There are dry cities in Jiachang County." "Read Shifang Yuji" : "Dry wall city, in the southeast of (Xiangling) county, also said dry city." Northern Wei Tianxing five years (402) in the first month, Wei Taizu Zhao and state all the troops in the Pingyang drywall. In May, Yao Xing sent his brother Yao Ping, General of Anbei and the Duke of Yiyang, to attack Wei with 40,000 troops and occupy the dry Wall, which was later defeated.

Honor received

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In April 2020, it was selected into the "2020 China Summer Mountain List". [62]
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