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The golden-shouldered parrot (Psephotus chrysopterygius) is typical
Climbing bird
The beak of the bird is strong, the beak is hooked, the upper jaw has movable joints, and the base of the beak has a wax film. Muscular and thick tongue. The feet are short, strong, antitoe, two toes forward and two toes back, suitable for grasping and climbing life. The colour is lemon-yellow between the forehead, beak and eyes, and gradually becomes yellowish-green and blue-green above the cheeks. Very quiet by nature and rarely noisy; The language ability is not good, but the voice is graceful and beautiful, beautiful melody, is a very good singer. They inhabit open woodlands, semi-dry grasslands, and narrow forests along rivers. Usually in pairs or small groups, the main food is flowers, nectar, grass and tree seeds. It is found in Australia.
- Chinese name
- Psittacula auriculata
- Latin name
- Psephotus chrysopterygius
- alias
- Psittacula heterochromis
- world
- animalia
- The door
- Chordate phylum
- The outline
- ornithae
- Orders,
- Scarpiniformes
- Families,
- psittacidae
- The family
- Psittacula australis
- Belong to
- Psittacula
- Namers and years
- Gould, 1858
- Protection level
- CITES Class I protected animals, ver 3.1 - Endangered (EN), listed in Appendix I of the 2019 edition of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) [5]
- Foreign name
- Golden-shouldered Parrot
Golden-shouldered parrots live mainly in open woodlands, semi-dry grasslands, narrow forests along rivers, and eucalyptus forests.
[2]
Except that golden-shoulded parrots migrate to mangrove forests after breeding, they are generally sedentary parrots with no obvious migration behavior. They usually move alone, in pairs or in a small group of family members, sometimes gathering about 30 parrots. The time for drinking and foraging is concentrated in the morning and evening, and in the hot days of the day, they rest in the treetops and forage on the ground. Personality is not very shy, usually early in the morning will go to the water source to drink, sometimes the whole body will enter the water to clean, and then fly to the nearby tree preening side to dry the body; They prefer more prominent and independent branches, and are often seen foraging on the ground. If disturbed, they will scream and fly to nearby trees, and then return to the ground almost immediately, where they are quite agile and fast. They travel to different areas during the dry season and the rainy season, which is also the season with the highest loss rate. Golden-shoulded parrots fly at a fairly high speed, in a slightly wavy shape, and are accompanied by high-frequency calls when they fly to connect with their companions, so it is quite obvious.
Golden-shouldered parrots forage almost exclusively for grass seeds on the ground, occasionally going to the bushes to feed.
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Distribution map of the golden-shouldered parrot [3]
The nesting and breeding season runs from April to August. During the breeding season, the male will surround the female, raising his short crown in front of him and covering his feathers. It also arouses the female's breast feathers. Goldfinch nests generally use anthill, usually preferred temperature and humidity more constant semicircular mound, the general opening to the north, forming a very important thermal contrast. The nest may contain several nests, some of which are unfinished. The nest entrance is located 45 to 125 cm above ground level. There are tunnels from 15 to 60 centimeters long, and inside is a circular chamber, about 64 centimeters long. The female lays four to seven eggs, which hatch alone for about 20 days. It takes about five weeks for the young to gain full plumage and leave the nest. For a week after hatching, the male is responsible for feeding the female and the chicks. The male bird stands guard on the top of the mound for a long time. The chicks that leave the nest are able to fly through the tunnel without landing. After starting, continue to be fed by adult birds for at least 2 weeks. And remain within the family group for quite some time.
[2]
Breeding is not easy, golden-shouldered parrots are very aggressive during the breeding period, must be bred in pairs, female birds often leave the nest box during hatching or after hatching, sometimes resulting in dead eggs or young birds cold death, some female birds may leave the nest a few hours after hatching, these situations should be paid special attention to, the owner had better install warm facilities outside the nest box. A clutch of about 4-6 eggs, incubation period of about 19-20 days, about 5 weeks after the young bird feathers mature, 7 weeks old can be independent activities, do not let the young birds stay in the nest for too long, before 4 weeks old must catch and raise, because male birds will be very aggressive to young birds.
These parrots should only be bred by experienced breeders or conservation institutions. They are very aggressive and aggressive towards other species and even their own species. They should be kept in separate pairs. They are lively but not noisy. They enjoy bathing and are sensitive to cold and wet weather. The food is roughly the same as that of ordinary prairie parrots, mainly with various mixed seeds as the staple food, coupled with grains, millet chestnuts, various fresh fruits and green vegetables.
In addition, they like to chew and need to provide fresh branches or wood for them to chew and play. It is particularly sensitive to cold or too humid climates and is easy to get sick, so the feeding environment needs to pay special attention to the control of temperature and humidity. Golden-shouldered parrots spend most of their time on the floor of the cage and are susceptible to intestinal parasites or microbacterial diseases, so they need to be dewormed regularly and keep the environment clean. A balanced diet, vitamins A, B, D, E, and mineral supplements are also important.
[1-2]
The golden-footed parrot was heavily captured in the mid-1960s and 1970s, but habitat destruction has shortened its food supply and poaching continues, so it is scarce in the wild and on the verge of extinction. Due to habitat destruction such as agricultural land development, a large reduction in staple foods such as grass seeds, coupled with continued illegal illegal arrest, the number of this rare parrot is decreasing day by day. There are about four groups of golden-shoulder parrots in the wild, with about 30-100 individuals in each group, the number is extremely rare, and the total number in the world may not exceed 500. Because in the wild the population is under great threat; This species of parrot is no longer common internationally.
[5]
Be included in
The International Union for Conservation of Nature
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species ver 3.1 - Endangered (EN) for 2012.
[5]
Listed in Appendix I, Appendix II and Appendix III of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 2019 edition
[6]
The golden-shouldered parrot is 24-27 cm long and weighs 56. This kind of
parrot
The color is lemon yellow between the forehead, beak and eyes, and gradually becomes yellow-green and blue-green above the cheeks; The underside of the cheeks, throat, chest, sides of the body, rump and tail are covered with blue-green; The crown and neck are black; The back of the neck is blackish-brown with blue piping; Chin with a hint of gray; The small coverings on the back, lower back, and wings are grayish brown; The belly, inner tail coverings and thighs are orange on a white background with white piping. The curved part of the wings, the main flight plume, the outer flight plume and the inner wing plume are blue; The middle cover of the wings is yellow; The top of the middle tail feathers is bronzed green, and the tip is blue-black. The inner side of the tail is pale blue and white; The beak is gray; The iris is brown. The female is dark green with light patina. Dark yellowish-white on the forehead, beak and between the eyes; Chin, cheeks with light gray; A tinge of blue-green on the lower chest and upper side of the body; The coverts above the rump and tail are dark blue-green; The underside, underside and underside of the tail are white, with light grayish blue; Slightly red in the center of the abdomen; The curved part of the wings, the inner cover of the wings, the main flight cover, the outer cover of the wings, and the secondary flight feathers are light blue; The insides of the wings sometimes have light markings. The young birds are the same color as the females, with the young males having blue-green cheeks, some dark brown on the top and neck, a darker rose-pink underbelly, and a yellowish beak. It takes up to 16 months for the young to develop the plumage of an adult bird.
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