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United Arab Emirates

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The United Arab Emirates (Arabic: "Emirates"), referred to as the United Arab Emirates, the capital ABU Dhabi . GDP per capita in 2021 will be $74,240. [20] locate Arabian Peninsula East, West and south Saudi Arabia Border, east and northeast with Oman Adjoining, north facing The Persian Gulf , and Iran Facing each other across the sea Tropical desert climate It is mainly composed of plains, mountains and depressions and is very rich in oil and natural gas resources. With a total area of 83,600 square kilometers and a coastline of 734 kilometers, it is composed of seven emirates. As of June 2023, the total population of the UAE is 10.17 million, with foreigners accounting for 88% and residents mostly practicing Islam Most belong to Sunnite . Arabic English is the official language.
In the 7th century, the United Arab Emirates was annexed Arab Empire . Since the 16th century, Portugal , Netherlands , France And other colonialists invaded. In the early 19th century, the British invaded Persian Gulf region In 1820, it became Britain The protectorate of... In 1971, the United Kingdom announced the termination of the protection treaty. On December 2 of the same year, the United Arab Emirates was proclaimed by ABU Dhabi , Emirate of Dubai , Emirate of Sharjah , Fujairah , Umqaywan and Ajman Six emirates form a federal state. On February 10, 1972, Cape Khaimah Join the UAE. [6]
The UAE is Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) member countries, national economies to petroleum Production and petrochemical industry, in addition to vigorously develop information technology as the core of the knowledge economy, while paying attention to Renewable energy The capital ABU Dhabi was selected as the headquarters of the International Renewable Energy Agency in June 2009. [6] The United Arab Emirates At the same time League of Arab States , Gulf Cooperation Council And members of the Greater Arab Free Trade Area. [7] In 2022, the UAE's GDP is USD 446.6 billion, GDP per capita: USD 47,700, GDP growth rate: 8.9%.
Chinese name
United Arab Emirates
Foreign name
The United Arab Emirates
Abbreviated form
The United Arab Emirates
continent
Asia
capital
ABU Dhabi [1]
Major city
Dubai , Sharjah (SHJ) Fujairah, Umqaywan
National Day
December 2, 1971 [2] (Independence Day)
National song
Arabic Emirati Tahiat Alalam
Country code
ARE
Official language
Arabic
currency
Uae dirham Fractional currency Fell [1]
Time zone
UTC+4
Political system
Aristocratic republic
Population number
10.17 million (June 2023)
Population density
113.6 people/km2 [7] (2022)
Major nationality
Arab
Major religion
Islam
Land area
83600 km²
Water area ratio
0.1%
Total GDP
$446.6 billion [6] (2022)
Per capita GDP
$47,700 [6] (2022)
International telephone area code
971
International domain name abbreviation
.ae
Road access
Drive on the right
Legal system
sharia
National bird
Peregrine falcon
The national flower
Peacock grass
Proper name
Trouser Oman

catalogue

  1. 1Historical evolution
  2. 2Geographical environment
  3. ▪Regional location
  4. ▪landform
  5. ▪climate
  6. ▪Natural resources
  7. 3Administrative division
  8. 4National symbol
  9. ▪flag
  10. ▪National emblem
  11. ▪National anthem
  12. 5population
  13. 6political
  1. ▪regime
  2. ▪constitution
  3. ▪congress
  4. ▪government
  5. ▪dignitaries
  6. 7economy
  7. ▪summarize
  8. ▪agriculture
  9. ▪industry
  10. ▪finance
  11. ▪trade
  12. 8culture
  13. ▪religion
  14. ▪custom
  1. ▪taboo
  2. ▪diet
  3. ▪Festivals
  4. ▪skill
  5. 9Military affairs
  6. 10traffic
  7. ▪railway
  8. ▪highroad
  9. ▪Water transport
  10. ▪Air freight
  11. 11society
  12. ▪education
  13. ▪hygiene
  1. ▪medium
  2. ▪communication
  3. ▪electricity
  4. ▪Public security
  5. 12diplomacy
  6. ▪Foreign policy
  7. ▪External relations
  8. ▪China-arab relations
  9. 13travel
  10. ▪Main attraction
  11. ▪Cultural site

Historical evolution

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EDITOR
In ancient times, the emirates to which the UAE belonged were Arabian Peninsula Part of the inhabitants of this area had high shipbuilding and navigation skills, and maritime trade was developed. [7]
In the 6th century, according to Persian historical records, the Sassan dynasty crossed The Persian Gulf Conquered the region.
In the 7th century, Arab Empire Occupied the area and converted it Islam .
In the 8th century, Oman An uprising against the caliphate led to the establishment of an independent state, of which the UAE region is now a part.
In the 16th century, Portuguese, Dutch, French and other colonialists invaded the UAE. [6]
In the 18th century, Oman repeatedly suffered civil unrest, and local leaders in the UAE region declared themselves Emir And become an independent regime. At that time, whether Arab Merchant ships, as well as European merchant ships, were frequently plundered by small countries in the area, so it was called the "Pirate Coast".
In the early 19th century, Britain invaded the Persian Gulf.
In 1819, British East India Company Sent the fleet to destroy Cape Khaimah , Sharjah (SHJ) , Dubai Coastal forts in other places to keep the shipping routes from India to Egypt open.
In 1820, the small states were forced to sign the General Treaty of Peace of the Persian Gulf with the British, agreeing to cease piracy, and the UAE became a British protectorate. [6]
In 1853, the small states finally signed a treaty declaring a permanent truce, after which the area became known as "Trouser Oman" (meaning "peaceful") Oman "), to be associated with the capital Muscat The difference between Oman.
In 1892, the states of Oman signed a treaty with the United Kingdom, accepting the exclusive protection of the United Kingdom, not to have independent diplomatic relations with any country other than the United Kingdom, under the control of the British General Representative in the Persian Gulf.
In the first half of the 20th century, the UAE was made up of sand dunes, sparse oases and humble villages inhabited by nomads, fishermen and sailors.
In 1948, the British sent special officers to the region, stationed in Sharjah (SHJ) He moved in 1953 Dubai .
In 1952, the British gathered the local seven emirate the Emir A conference was held, which then became an advisory body to British political representatives.
In the 1960s, with the discovery and extraction of oil, the transition to modernity began in the semi-nomadic society. [7]
In 1961, another British political representative was stationed in ABU Dhabi, and the following year the fields were officially developed, making oil the mainstay of the local economy.
In 1966, the late founding President Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan Become the sheik of ABU Dhabi.
In 1971, the United Kingdom announced the termination of the protection treaty. On December 2 of the same year, Zayed convened the sheikdoms of the other six emirates and proposed the formation of a federal government, declaring the establishment of the United Arab Emirates, consisting of the six emirates of ABU Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Fujairah, Umm Qaywan and Ajman.
In February 1972, Cape Khaimah joined the United Arab Emirates. [7]
The UAE is a non-permanent member of the Security Council from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2023. [14, 15]
On May 6, 2023 local time, the UAE announced that it has officially received the status of dialogue partner of the SCO. [13]
On June 19, 2023 local time, according to the Qatar News Agency, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Qatar announced that from now on, the Embassy of Qatar in the United Arab Emirates in ABU Dhabi, the capital of the United Arab Emirates, the Consulate in Dubai and the Embassy of the United Arab Emirates in Doha, the capital of Qatar, reopened and resumed work. [17]
On January 31, 2024, South African Minister of Foreign Affairs Pandor said that the UAE has confirmed its membership as a full member of BRICS. [25]

Geographical environment

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EDITOR

Regional location

The UAE is located in Arabian Peninsula The southeast end, with a total area of 83,600 square kilometers, [6] The border is crescent shaped, It borders Saudi Arabia to the west and south, and Oman to the east and northeast North of the Persian Gulf (also known as the Arabian Gulf), and Iran across the sea, is to choke the Persian Gulf into the Indian Ocean maritime traffic. Its coastline, which forms the southern and southeastern coasts of the Persian Gulf and part of the western coast of the Gulf of Oman, is 734 km long. [7]

landform

The coast of the UAE is a low-lying plain, and the northeastern part of the peninsula is divided into mountains, which run through it Hajer mountains The highest peak is 2438 meters above sea level. In addition, the vast majority of the UAE is desert and depression above 200 meters above sea level. Deserts account for 65% of the total area of the UAE, of which there are some oases, to the Al Ain region The Oasis of Bremi (BULAIMIOASIS) has the largest area. [7]

climate

Emirates Tropical desert climate The whole year is divided into two seasons: May to October is the hot season (summer), the weather is hot and humid, the temperature exceeds 40 ° C, the daytime temperature in coastal areas is up to 45 ° C or more, and the humidity is maintained at about 90%; November to April of the following year for the cool season (winter), the climate is mild and sunny, sometimes rainfall, the temperature is generally 15~35℃. The average annual rainfall is about 100 mm, mostly concentrated in January and February. The eastern mountains are cooler and drier. [7]

Natural resources

Oil and gas resources
The UAE is rich in oil and gas resources. Proven oil reserves are about 15 billion tons and natural gas reserves are 7.7 trillion cubic meters, ranking sixth in the world. [6]
Plant resources
Date palms are an important cash crop in the United Arab Emirates, with more than 40 million trees in the country, producing millions of tons of dates every year. There are more than 120 kinds of dates, some are early, some are high in sugar, and some contain more water.
Aquatic resources
The waters of the United Arab Emirates are rich in aquatic resources, there are corals along the coast, rich in pearls, and rich fishery resources, and more than 3,000 kinds of fish and Marine organisms have been found. [7]

Administrative division

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EDITOR
The UAE consists of seven emirate In order of political influence, economic strength, and population ratio, they are: ABU Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Khaimah, Ajman, Fujairah, and Umm Qaywan. [7]
Divisions of the United Arab Emirates
ABU Dhabi It is the capital of the United Arab Emirates and the capital of the Emirate of ABU Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. Located on the west-central coast of the United Arab Emirates, The Persian Gulf A T-shaped island. It covers an area of 67,340 square kilometers. [3]
ABU Dhabi
Dubai The largest and most populous city in the United Arab Emirates, Emirate of Dubai It is also an international city and the second largest emirate after ABU Dhabi. Is the economic and financial center of the Middle East, Major industries include oil and gas, trade, finance, tourism and so on. [7] The total area of Dubai is 3980 square kilometers, of which the total area of the metropolitan area is 1287.4 square kilometers. [3]
Dubai
Sharjah (SHJ) B: Yes, I am Emirate of Sharjah The capital of the Middle East, the cultural city, the economy is based on fishing, the Gulf of Oman coast as the main fishing ground, with a total area of 2590 square kilometers. [3]
Sharjah (SHJ)
Ajman It is the capital of the Emirate of Ajman, located on the coast of the Persian Gulf, and is the smallest member of the UAE with a total area of 260 square kilometers. [3]
Ajman
Umqaywan It is the capital of the Emirate of Umm Qaywan, located on the west coast of the Oman Peninsula in West Asia. It is the least populous emirate in the UAE, covering an area of about 800 square kilometers. [3]
Umqaywan
Cape Khaimah It is the capital of Cape al-Khaimah Emirate, located in the northeast corner of the UAE, guarding the mouth of the Persian Gulf, strategically important, and is a major transit port in the Middle East. [3]
Cape Khaimah
Fujairah It is the capital of the Emirate of Fujairah, the fifth largest emirate in the United Arab Emirates, located on the Gulf of Oman and the only sheik in the federation without territory bordering the Persian Gulf. [3]
Fujairah

National symbol

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EDITOR

flag

Flag of the United Arab Emirates
Flag of the United Arab Emirates Rectangular in shape, the ratio of length to width is 2 to 1. Made up of red, green, white and black, these four colors are Pan-arabic color , represents Muhammad Descendants of several dynasties. The side of the flag is a red vertical rectangle, and the right side is three parallel and equal horizontal rectangles, which are green, white and black from top to bottom. Red symbolizes the motherland, green symbolizes the pasture, white symbolizes the achievements of the motherland, and black symbolizes the battle. [1]

National emblem

Emblem of the United Arab Emirates
Emblem of the United Arab Emirates Opened on March 22, 2008, the main body is a yellow-white falcon with yellow-white wing feathers and white tail hair. The circle on the falcon's chest is a circle painted with a flag pattern, surrounded by the seven pointed stars symbolizing the seven emirates. The sash under the falcon's paw reads "United Arab Emirates." [1] . The original emblem was launched in 1973, and the difference with the new emblem is that the circle on the falcon's chest depicts a moving ship Arabian dhows A symbol of the country's maritime history. With chains on the outside. [1]

National anthem

The national anthem of the United Arab Emirates is "Ishy Bilady" (Long Live the Fatherland), with words by Aref Al Sheik Abdullah Al Hassan and song by Saad Abdul Wahab. Long live the motherland, long live united emirate ! Islam It's faith, The Koran It's relying on. for Allah I want to make you stronger ah motherland! Motherland! Motherland! Motherland! Motherland! Allah defends you from the devil, we swear to build and work, to work honestly, to work honestly, to live honestly and honorably. Peace endures, and the flag flies in the emirate, which symbolizes Arabia. We are dedicated to you, blood is ready for you, we are willing to offer the soul ah, the motherland! [1]

population

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EDITOR
As of June 2023, the population of the UAE is 10.17 million, The population is mainly distributed in Dubai, ABU Dhabi, Sharjah and other emirates. The native population accounted for 11.48% of the total population; The foreign population accounts for 88%, mainly from India , Pakistan , Bangladesh , The Philippines , Iran , Egypt Let's wait. There are nearly 300,000 Chinese residents in the area, mainly concentrated in Dubai, ABU Dhabi and other emirates. [7]

political

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EDITOR

regime

The government of the United Arab Emirates is a noble republic. The Federal Supreme Council is made up of the chiefs of the seven emirates and is the highest authority. Major domestic and foreign policy making, federal budget review, laws and treaty ratification are discussed and decided by the committee. The president is also commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Apart from the relative unity in foreign affairs and defense, the emirates enjoy considerable independence and autonomy. Federal funding is largely borne by the emirates of ABU Dhabi and Dubai. [6]

constitution

On July 18, 1971, the Federal Supreme Council adopted the Provisional Constitution, which was declared effective on December 2 of the same year. In December 1996, the Federal Supreme Council adopted a resolution that made the interim constitution permanent and established ABU Dhabi as the permanent capital of the UAE. [6]

congress

The United Arab Emirates The Federal National Assembly, established in 1972, is a political advisory body with four-year terms. The Parliament is composed of 40 members, who are divided roughly in proportion to the emirate's population of citizens. In December 2005, former President Khalifa announced that half of the parliament would be indirectly elected, with half of the members elected and the rest nominated by the sheikdoms and appointed by the President. The Speaker and two Deputy Speakers are elected by Parliament. In October 2019, the UAE held the 17th National Assembly election. In November, Sagel Gubaz Saqr Ghubash was elected President of the 17th National Assembly of the UAE. In October 2023, the UAE held elections for the 18th National Assembly. In November, Sager Gubaz was elected to a second term as Speaker. [6]

government

The Federal government of the United Arab Emirates is the executive body of the Federal Supreme Council, under the supervision of the Federal Supreme Council, the specific implementation of the internal and external major policies within the scope of authority stipulated by the Constitution and laws, according to the principle of political influence and economic strength of each emirate to allocate ministerial posts, ABU Dhabi, Dubai, the two emirates occupy the main positions.
The Cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers, ministers of ministries and some ministers of State. The Prime Minister presides over the weekly meeting of the Cabinet and supervises and coordinates the work of the ministries. The Deputy Prime Minister exercises the powers of the Prime Minister in the absence of the Prime Minister. According to the Constitution, cabinet decisions should be passed by a majority vote. In the event of a tie vote, the Prime Minister shall exercise the casting vote. The cabinet is responsible for drafting the law. [6]
The current government, which was formed in February 2016, has 36 members, including nine women. Prime Minister Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum is also Vice President of the Federation and Ruler of Dubai. In March 2023, President Mohammed decided to create a vice president and appointed his brother, Deputy Prime Minister and Chief of staff of the President, Mansour.

dignitaries

Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan : The President. Born in 1961, he is the third son of the UAE's first president Zayed. He was appointed Crown Prince of ABU Dhabi in November 2004 and Chairman of the ABU Dhabi Executive Council in December 2004. He was appointed Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces in January 2005. On May 13, 2022, after the death of the former President Khalifa, he successively succeeded the Sheik of ABU Dhabi and the Federal President.
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum : Vice President and Prime Minister, Sheikh of Dubai. Born in 1949, he is the second brother of former Vice President and Prime Minister, Sheikh Maktoum of Dubai. He became Federal Minister of Defence in 1971. He was appointed Crown Prince of Dubai in 1995. He became ruler of Dubai in January 2006 and Vice President and Prime Minister of the UAE in February 2006.
Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan: Vice President, Deputy Prime Minister and Chief of Staff of the President. Born in 1970, brother of President Mohammed. Minister of Presidential Affairs in 2004; Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Presidential Affairs in 2009; In March 2023, he was appointed Vice President, Deputy Prime Minister and Chief of staff of the President. [26]

economy

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EDITOR

summarize

The United Arab Emirates Mainly in petroleum production and petrochemical industry. While developing the petrochemical industry, the government has made it a top priority to diversify the economy, expand trade and increase the share of non-oil revenue in the GDP. It has endeavoring to develop industries such as cement, aluminum smelting, plastic products, building materials, clothing and food processing, and attaches great importance to the development of agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries. We will make full use of all financial resources and give priority to the development of culture, education and health services. In recent years, it has vigorously developed the knowledge economy with information technology as the core, while focusing on renewable energy research and development, and the capital ABU Dhabi became the headquarters of the International Renewable Energy Agency in June 2009.
Key economic data (2022) :
Gross Domestic product (GDP)
$446.6 billion
Per capita GDP
$47,700
GDP growth rate
8.9%
Currency name
Dirham
Exchange rate
1 US dollar ≈3.67 dirham [6]

agriculture

The United Arab Emirates Agriculture is underdeveloped. The country has 320,000 hectares of arable land, of which 270,000 hectares have been cultivated. The main agricultural products are dates, corn, vegetables, lemons and so on. Food dependence on imports; Fishery products and dates can basically meet the domestic demand; The livestock sector is small and relies on imports for major meat products. In recent years, the government has adopted policies to encourage farming, providing free seeds, fertilizers and interest-free loans to farmers, and implementing the purchase and sale of all agricultural products, so as to ensure farmers' income and ensure the development of agriculture.

industry

The United Arab Emirates Mainly in the petrochemical industry. In addition, there are natural gas liquefaction, aluminum smelting, plastic products, building materials, clothing, food processing and other industries.
Energy industry
Oil production plays an important role in the UAE economy. Most of the UAE's oil production is in ABU Dhabi. ABU Dhabi's oil industry is maturing, with more than 120 years of production remaining at current production and reserves. The emirate of Dubai's oil industry is in a period of exhaustion, with limited reserves, which can be extracted for up to 20 years at current production and reserves. Other emirates are in the stage of development, exploration and oil exploration. The UAE produced about 3.5 million barrels of oil per day in 2018, ABU Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) plans to increase oil production capacity to 5 million barrels per day by 2030. In 2019, limited by the Opec + production reduction agreement, the country's oil production was about 2.6 million barrels per day.
Although the United Arab Emirates has a huge amount of natural gas, due to the large domestic demand for natural gas, most of it is used for recharge and oil recovery, and most of it is acidic gas field, which is difficult to exploit and costly. It is highly dependent on natural gas imports, and imports natural gas from Qatar through the Dolphin Project. [7]
Aluminium smelting
Aluminium smelting is one of the main non-oil industries in the UAE. In June 2013, the UAE's two major aluminum giants, Dubai Aluminum (DUBAL) and Emirates Aluminum (EMAL), announced the merger of Emirates Global Aluminum Company (Emirates Global Aluminum), the company's production capacity of 2.6 million tons in 2019, ranking seventh in the world. In 2018, the aluminum industry contributed $20 billion to the UAE economy, accounting for 1.4% of the domestic GDP and providing 60,950 jobs. [7]
Cement industry
The cement industry is the oldest production sector in the UAE. There are 20 cement plants in the country, and the UAE cement industry faces overcapacity, rising energy costs, fierce competition from imported products, and inconsistent enforcement of environmental standards. [7]
Aviation industry
The UAE has 7 international airports. Over the past 10 years, the revenue of the UAE General Civil Aviation Authority has been on an upward trend, and the number of flights has always grown at a rapid rate. Relying on unique location advantages and flexible business strategies, the UAE aviation industry has maintained a good momentum of development against the backdrop of the overall downturn in the international aviation industry. Dubai International Airport handled 86.4 million passengers in 2019, making it one of the busiest airports in the world, while ABU Dhabi International Airport handled 10.6 million passengers. In 2020, the UAE aviation industry was severely affected by the epidemic, with Dubai International Airport handling 25.9 million passengers, down 70% from the previous year. [7]
Textile and garment industry
The textile and garment industry accounts for 10% of the UAE's gross domestic product and is the second largest export industry, of which Dubai is the largest with an annual output of $2.4 billion. It is estimated that Dubai has 325 garment factories, 4 textile mills, 582 garment wholesalers, 9,000 retailers and 13,000 garment stores. 76% of the garment is exported, mainly to Europe and the United States. [7]

finance

The UAE's financial system is relatively sound. Institutions engaged in financial business in the UAE include banks, securities companies, financial investment companies, financial consulting companies, financial intermediaries and other financial institutions. At the end of 2019, the number of active companies registered with the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC) reached 2,437. According to the UAE Banking Association, as of August 2019, the total assets of the UAE banking sector amounted to AED 2.983 trillion (about US $812.8 billion).
There are three main stock exchanges in the UAE, namely the ABU Dhabi Stock Exchange (ADX), the Dubai Financial Market (DFM) and the NASDAQ Dubai. Among them, NASDAQ Dubai is mainly engaged in international equity financing, bonds, financial derivatives, funds and other transactions, while ADX and DFC are mainly responsible for the stock listing of local enterprises in the UAE, and the three trading markets are connected by electronic networks to facilitate traders to obtain information in a timely manner. All listed companies and stock brokerage companies are subject to scrutiny by the UAE Securities and Commodities Authority. By the end of 2020, the market capitalization of ABU Dhabi and Dubai securities markets was AED 1.1 trillion, an increase of 19.6% year-on-year.
In addition, the UAE also has a commodity futures trading market, the Gold Commodity Exchange Market (DGCX), which is located in the Dubai Multi-Commodity Exchange Centre (DMCC) and began operations in November 2005. Foreigners are allowed to invest in the UAE stock market, but the proportion of foreigners cannot exceed 49%, and the specific investment ratio is set by the listed company. Some listed companies allow foreigners to hold more than 49% of their shares. [7]

trade

The UAE joined the World Trade Organization in 1995. Foreign trade occupies an important position in the economy. The main export oil, natural gas, petrochemical products, aluminum ingot and a small number of native products; It mainly imports grain, machinery and consumer goods. [6]
Foreign trade in recent years
A given year
2020
2021
2022
Value of exports
2596
2283
2615
Amount of imports
2037
2772
3375
Reference materials:
The Port of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates was followed Singapore , Hong Kong, China After the world's third largest entrepot center. In 2016, 2017 and 20183, the UAE's re-export trade totaled AED 1.04 trillion (about US $283.4 billion), accounting for 25% of the total trade. [7]
China-arab trade
Practical cooperation between the two countries is fruitful. The UAE is China's largest export market and second largest trading partner among Arab countries. In 2022, the bilateral trade volume between China and Argentina reached 99.269 billion US dollars, up 37.16% year-on-year, of which China's exports reached 53.862 billion US dollars, up 22.92% year-on-year, and imports reached 45.408 billion US dollars, up 59.02% year-on-year. China mainly exports mechanical and electrical, high-tech, textile and light industrial products, and mainly imports crude oil, refined oil and aluminum products.
The UAE is China's sixth-largest source of crude oil imports. In 2022, China imported 42.770,800 tons of crude oil from the UAE, a year-on-year increase of 33.91 percent. In February 2017, a Chinese company obtained a 12 percent concession in ABU Dhabi's onshore oil block in the United Arab Emirates. In March 2018, Chinese companies obtained a 10% concession interest in each of the two oil fields belonging to the ABU Dhabi offshore oil block in the United Arab Emirates. [9]
Israeli-arab Free trade Agreement
On March 26, 2023, Israel and the UAE signed a tariff agreement, marking the official entry into force of the free trade agreement signed between the two countries last year. [12]

culture

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EDITOR

religion

Islam is the state religion of the UAE. The majority of the inhabitants follow Islam, with the majority (80%) belonging to the same religion Sunnite , Shiah Majority in Dubai. The UAE is one of the Arab countries, the people believe in Islam, has a unique way of life, cultural customs and cultural taboos. [7]

custom

The main customs of Emirati residents are:
(1) The local traditional dress features: men wear white robes and white turbans; The women wore black robes and black headscarves, and some were covered with black veils.
(2) In public places such as public transportation and some restaurants, the activity places for men and women are separate.
(3) Muslims must pray five times a day. Namely: the morning ceremony before sunrise, the afternoon ceremony at noon, the afternoon ceremony, the evening ceremony after sunset, the evening ceremony. Every Friday afternoon to do the main hemp worship, also known as "gathering ceremony".
(4) The average Arab family still eats on the ground and eats with the right hand.
(5) Emirati people are rough and bold, warm and hospitable, accustomed to tea and coffee, especially love dessert. When guests sit down, they will be served tea and coffee, as well as dessert, chocolate or dates. [7]

taboo

According to Muslim religious beliefs, the main taboos for UAE residents are:
(1) Muslims believe in Allah, and no one should despise the commands of Allah.
(2) Muslims believe that all Muslims in the world are brothers and sisters, as one family; It is forbidden to use usury, gamble, break an alliance, seize other people's property, and participate in non-Muslim religious activities.
(3) Fornication, corrupting the reputation of others, sowing discord, gossiping, etc.; Anyone must follow the teachings of the Qur 'an and use them to guide their daily activities.
(4) To refrain from the blood of pigs, horses, donkeys, dogs, snakes, turkeys, self-dead meat, floating fish, and all other animals; No drugs, no alcohol.
(5) During Ramadan, it is forbidden to eat in public places, outdoors or on the street, except for special groups such as children, pregnant women and sick people. Violators will be warned by the police and in severe cases will be detained.
(6) It is not allowed to hang underwear on the balcony of the house, it is not allowed to walk in the street through exposed clothing, and men are not allowed to enter the places where women are active.
(7) You are not allowed to enter the mosque wearing pajamas, clothes with images or inappropriate words. [7]

diet

According to the provisions of the Quran in the Muslim diet and customs, pig, horse, mule, donkey, dog, snake, Turkey, self-dead meat, floating fish and all animal blood; Refrain from tigers, wolves, lions, leopards, bears, elephants, monkeys, eagles, harriers and other birds of prey; No opium, no alcohol, etc. The average Arab family eats on the floor, grabbing food with their right hand. [4]

Festivals

Festivals
time
introduce
New Year's Day
January 1st
For the first day of the New Year.
Eid al-Fitr
On May 11th
It is one of the main festivals of Islam, and the main activities include busy eating, giving donations to break the fast, holding ceremonies and reciting the Quran.
Id al-Adha
July 20th
The traditional festival of the Islamic nation, the first day of the festival in the morning to slaughter sheep, and hold various entertainment activities.
Lunar New Year
July 30th
The Islamic New Year, also known as the Arab New Year, marks the beginning of a new Islamic calendar year.
Birthday of the Prophet Muhammad
October 8th
The festival commemorates the birth of Muhammad, the Islamic prophet.
Uae National Day
2-3 December
Celebrating the founding of the UAE. [7]

skill

Sadhu is the art of ornament weaving practiced by rural and pastoral women in the UAE. Ancient Bedouin women washed sheep, goat and camel hair and spun it into wool with a wooden spindle. After dyeing, weaving and other processes, it was made into black, white, brown, rice, red and other colors with geometric patterns. The fabric is widely used in furniture and in the decoration of livestock such as camels and horses. On November 27, 2011, at the sixth session of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in Bali, Indonesia, the UAE's traditional weaving technique "Sadhu" was added to UNESCO's list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in urgent need of safeguarding.
Sadu

Military affairs

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We pursue a national defense policy that is defensive in nature. The Federal President is commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The highest military decision-making body is the General Command of the Armed Forces (based in ABU Dhabi) and the highest military administrative body is the Ministry of Defence (based in Dubai). The armed forces are composed of regular and paramilitary units. The regular army is divided into land, sea and air three services, as well as the Royal Guard and special forces, with a total strength of 56,500 people. In addition, there are about 40,000 paramilitary troops. Implement a voluntary military service. [6]

traffic

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railway

The UAE railway is mainly freight transport. The emirates are connected by modern highways. There are two railways in the territory: a freight railway between Habshan and Ruvis, with a total length of 266 km; The other is the Federal railway connecting the east and west ends of the UAE, integrating passenger and freight functions, the first phase of the 264km, put into operation in 2014, the second phase of the 650km, put into operation in October 2022. [7]
On October 22, 2022, the high-speed internal combustion EMU developed by CRRC Sifang Corporation for the UAE National Railway arrived at the Mirfa Depot in the UAE. On December 2nd, Made a stunning appearance at the 51st National Day celebrations of the UAE. [10]

highroad

The UAE has a well-developed road network and convenient road transportation. With a total length of about 4080 kilometers, the road quality ranks among the top in the world. In 2003, the UAE Ministry of Public Works began implementing a AED 150 million national road network project to connect all the Emirate's highways to the Saudi Arabian and Omani roads. The emirates are now connected by modern highways. There are about 3.2 million motor vehicles in the country. [6]

Water transport

The United Arab Emirates There are 12 major seaports with an annual cargo throughput of 105 million tons. Container handling capacity is 26.5 million TEUs per year. Khalifa Port in ABU Dhabi is the most automated port in the Middle East. Dubai's Jebel Ali Port is the largest man-made port in the world and the largest port in the Middle East. [6]
Major ports along the Arabian Gulf are: the Emirate of ABU Dhabi Khalifa Port , Port Zayed Port Rashid in the emirate of Dubai and Port Rashid Jebel Ali port Port Khalid in the Emirate of Sharjah and Sager Port in the Emirate of Cape Khaimah. Along the Gulf of Oman are Kol Fuqan Port in the Emirate of Sharjah and Fujairah Port in the Emirate of Fujairah. [7]

Air freight

The United Arab Emirates There are 39 airports in the country, including 7 international airports such as ABU Dhabi and Dubai. In the global airline competition order, Emirates Airlines ranks first in the Arab countries. It has signed bilateral aviation agreements with 156 countries, including China, and more than 110 airlines from around the world have regular flights to airports in the UAE. [6]
Dubai International Airport It was built in 1960 and expanded several times. With about 500 daily departures and landings, it is the busiest passenger and cargo airport in the region. Dubai International Airport handled 86.4 million passengers in 2019, making it one of the busiest airports in the world. Located in the heart of Dubai World, Maktoum International Airport is Dubai's second international airport. The first phase of the airport was put into use on 27 October 2013, with a terminal building and a runway, and handled about 1 million passengers in 2014, with a capacity of 7 million passengers per year.
ABU Dhabi International Airport Built in 1970, it has only one runway and handled about 24.5 million passengers in 2016. ABU Dhabi International Airport expansion project total investment of more than 8.2 billion US dollars, the final completion of the entire expansion project, the airport bridge will reach 80, the annual passenger capacity will be more than 50 million passengers, the airport area will be more than 3,400 hectares, able to meet the next 40 years to ABU Dhabi passenger flow needs. [7]

society

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education

The State attaches great importance to the development of education and the training of domestic scientific and technological personnel, implements a free education system, and advocates that women and men enjoy equal educational opportunities. Uae nationals are not only free to attend public institutions of higher learning in the country and various private colleges, but also to study at overseas institutions of higher learning is funded by the government. Of all students enrolled in their final year of secondary school, 95% of women and 80% of men applied for admission to UAE institutions of higher learning or to study abroad.
According to the latest statistics of the UAE Ministry of Education in 2019, there are 619 public schools in the UAE with more than 20,000 teachers and nearly 290,000 students. There are 643 private schools with more than 50,000 teachers and more than 810,000 students. [7]

hygiene

Medical care is free in the UAE. A relatively complete national urban and rural health care system has been built, with nearly 1,200 hospitals, primary medical centers and clinics. Well-equipped hospitals, specialized clinics and major care centers form a comprehensive UAE healthcare system. Many infectious diseases, such as malaria, measles and polio, which were once endemic, have been eradicated, prenatal and postnatal care has kept pace with the major developed countries of the world, and maternal and infant mortality rates have dropped significantly. The government is under increasing pressure because of rapid population growth and rising health care costs. To this end, the government has introduced a health insurance scheme to encourage private sector investment. The UAE has a free medical system for its citizens and a compulsory medical insurance system for foreign residents. [6]
According to the statistics of the World Bank, the national recurrent health expenditure accounted for 4.23% of GDP in 2018, and the per capita recurrent health expenditure in 2018 was US $1,817.35 based on current purchasing power. In 2018, the average life expectancy was 78 years, of which the average life expectancy was 79 years for men and 77 years for women. [7]

medium

The main newspapers in the UAE are the Federal Newspaper (in Arabic), The National Newspaper (in English), the semi-official daily newspaper of ABU Dhabi; " Manifesto newspaper (Arabic), semi-official daily of Dubai; " Bay paper (Arabic), privately published in Sharjah; Gulf News (English), privately published in Dubai. In addition, there are Gulf Today magazine and so on.
News Agency: The UAE News Agency is the national news agency. It was established in November 1976. There are permanent correspondents in all major cities of the country, as well as in London, Paris, Washington, New York, Moscow, Tokyo, Cairo, Tunis, Beirut, etc. Published in Arabic and English.
Radio stations: There are more than 20 radio stations in ABU Dhabi, Dubai, Umm Qaywan, Al Khaimah, etc. Emirates Media Inc. of ABU Dhabi and Dubai Media Inc. It is the main broadcasting and television company in the UAE. Millions of Arabs around the world listen to EMI. EMI broadcasts through three satellite television channels and six radio channels.
TV stations: There are more than 40 TV stations in ABU Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Umm Qaywan, Fujairah, Al Khaimah, Ajman and Al Arabia. The news programme of Al Arabiya Television was broadcast 24 hours a day in Arabic. In addition, there is a satellite ground receiving station, and Dubai and Ajman TV, Dubai Sports Channel can also be viewed online. [7]

communication

According to the data of the UAE Telecommunications Authority, as of the end of December 2020, the number of mobile phone users in the UAE was 16.82 million, of which about 13.18 million were prepaid users, about 3.64 million were postpaid users, and the number of fixed phone users was more than 2.1 million. More than 2.98 million households have Internet access. [7]

electricity

The UAE's main authority for water and electricity is the Federal Water and Electricity Authority (Fewa), but the responsibility is divided between the relevant agencies of the major Emirates. The ABU Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (Adwea), Dubai Water and Electricity Authority (Dewa), and Sharjah Water and Electricity Authority (Sewa) are responsible for their respective emirates, while Fewa is responsible for the other northern emirates. The UAE installed nearly 33GW of electricity in 2019, with natural gas as the fuel for most of its electricity production, and oil, coal and renewables as the rest. By 2020, the UAE's clean energy generation capacity will reach 2.54GW. In terms of power grids, the GCC Unified transmission System was completed in 2011, allowing member states to send electricity to each other in case of emergency.
The UAE relies on natural gas and petrochemicals for more than 75% of its electricity. In order to promote the goal of energy diversification in the UAE, the country is actively promoting nuclear energy, solar energy, clean coal, renewable energy and other power generation projects. [7]

Public security

Social security in the UAE is generally good, and criminal violence cases rarely occur. According to global data website Numbeo, ABU Dhabi has been ranked the safest city in the world for the fifth consecutive year, with Sharjah and Dubai ranked sixth and seventh respectively.
Due to the increase in migrant population and high mobility, cases of theft and robbery also occur occasionally. There have been several vicious criminal cases against Chinese nationals in the UAE. The Chinese Embassy in the UAE and the Consulate General in Dubai remind Chinese citizens and tourists in the UAE to attach great importance to personal and property safety, raise awareness of risk prevention, and take active and effective measures to strengthen self-safety protection. Keep close contact with family and friends, do not go alone to remote or sparsely populated areas, do not carry large amounts of cash or valuables; Get along well with local people and respect local customs and religious precepts. [7]

diplomacy

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Foreign policy

China has established diplomatic relations with 193 countries, pursues a balanced and diversified foreign policy, and actively develops relations with the United States, Russia, European countries, China, Japan, the ROK and other Asian countries. Relations with Iran have improved and an ambassador has been restored to Iran. Resuming diplomatic relations with Qatar in June 2023; It was the first among the Gulf Arab states to establish diplomatic relations with Israel. In September 2022, the UAE became a dialogue partner of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, and on January 1, 2024, the UAE became a full member of BRICS. [16] [23]

External relations

Relations with the United States
  • Diplomatic talks
The United States attaches importance to strengthening its strategic relationship with the UAE in various fields. United States Secretary of State, 10 January 2011 Hillary Clinton Visit the UAE ABU Dhabi To determine the positions of both sides on the Middle East. In early 2013, David Cohen, the U.S. Treasury Department's under secretary for terrorism and financial intelligence, visited the United Arab Emirates to highlight the "illicit financial issues" surrounding terrorist financing and sanctions against Iran. In May 2014, the Emiratis spent $14.2 million to establish contacts with American columnists and journalists to exert influence on Americans. February 2014, U.S. Secretary of State Cree Met with UAE Foreign Minister Abdullahbin Zayed al Nahyan in Paris. [3]
  • Military cooperation
The United States is committed to building a close military relationship with the UAE so that the UAE can provide assistance in case of emergencies. The United States and the United Arab Emirates have a number of formal and informal agreements on military cooperation. The United States is satisfied with its military cooperation with the UAE. The two sides have been exploring ways to deepen personnel training and counter-terrorism cooperation, and seeking to open up new areas of cooperation. [5]
United Nations reform
The UAE supports the United Nations including The Security Council Comprehensive reform, including. We believe that the representation of Islamic countries (including Arab countries) should be increased in the Security Council. He stressed that the reform plan should be fully consulted by all member states, be broadly representative, and take into account the interests of developing countries. [2]
Gulf problem
The UAE is actively committed Bay area The security and stability advocated to strengthen Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) unity and coordination of the six countries, and actively promote the economic integration of the six countries Cooperation process ; Call on Gulf countries to act on equality, mutual benefit, Non-interference in each other's internal affairs On the basis of dialogue, peacefully resolve their differences and jointly safeguard the security and stability of the Gulf region. [2]
Middle East issue
Uae support Palestine People for the restoration of legitimacy National rights And establish independence Palestinian state The struggle to recognize a Palestinian state and support the Middle East peace process. Condemning Israel for violating and trampling on the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people International law Guidelines that require to stop building" Separation wall ". We stand for a comprehensive, just and reasonable settlement of the Middle East issue in accordance with relevant UN resolutions. He called on the international community, especially the United States, Russia, the European Union and the United Nations Quartet to continue their mediation efforts and urge the resumption of peace talks with Palestine in accordance with the "Middle East Peace Road map". [2]
Iraq issue
The UAE stands for safeguarding the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iraq and calls for an early end to foreign occupation of Iraq and the restoration of stability in Iraq. We believe that the United Nations should play a major role in the restoration of security and reconstruction in Iraq. Afghanistan was the first Arab country to recognize the new Iraqi government and actively developed relations with it. During and after the war, Afghanistan provided a large amount of humanitarian aid to Iraq, and cooperated with Germany to train the Iraqi army and police. In 2003 Madrid Convened assistance Iraq At the international conference, Afghanistan pledged 215 million US dollars in humanitarian donations to Iran. In 2004, the UAE announced it would write off most of Iran's $3.8 billion debt. [2]
Anti-terrorism issue
The UAE condemns it in all its forms terrorism . It is believed that terrorism has developed into a major problem threatening the security, stability and development of the whole world and human society, and a complete set of international laws and relevant policies should be implemented to combat terrorism. Oppose to engage in anti-terrorism Double standard . Oppose the connection between terrorism and Islam Linking against discrimination and harm Arab and Moslem . It was stressed that terrorism should be distinguished from the struggle of peoples against occupation. Afghanistan enacted the Anti-Terrorism Law in 2004. [2]
Mishima issue
The UAE advocates direct negotiations with Iran or by Iran International tribunal Arbitration to end the Iran conflict in a peaceful manner Great Tunb Island , Little Tunb Island and ABU Musa The occupation of... He urged Arab countries and some friendly countries to support Afghanistan's sovereignty over the "three islands". [2]
Relations with Israel
On May 31, 2022, according to CCTV news, UAE Minister of State for Foreign Trade Sani Zayudi The UAE has signed a Comprehensive Economic Partnership agreement with Israel that will boost bilateral non-oil trade to more than $10 billion within five years. The free trade agreement is the first signed between Israel and an Arab country. [8]
Relations with Mongolia
Local time 2 On February 24, 023, during the 16th ABU Dhabi International Defence Exhibition, UAE Minister of State for Defence Affairs Mohammed bin Ahmed Bawardi A memorandum of understanding on defense cooperation and exchanges was signed with Mongolian Defense Minister Saihan Bayar. [11]
Relations with Qatar
On the morning of June 5, 2017, the UAE announced that it was severing diplomatic relations with Qatar and would cut off sea and air traffic with Qatar. [19]
On June 19, 2023 local time, the United Arab Emirates and Qatar announced the resumption of diplomatic missions of the two countries to each other with immediate effect. [18]
BRICS
On the morning of August 24, 2023 local time, at the special press conference of the 15th BRICS Summit held in Johannesburg, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa announced that BRICS Decides to invite the UAE and other countries to become full members of the BRICS cooperation mechanism from January 1, 2024. [21-22]
Relations with Iran
On January 31, 2024 local time, Vice Consul of the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Bekdali said that Iran announced the unilateral visa exemption for 28 countries including the United Arab Emirates. [24]

China-arab relations

On November 1, 1984, the two countries established diplomatic relations. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties, China-Arab relations have made great progress. In January 2012, the two countries established a strategic partnership.
The two countries have maintained close high-level exchanges. In recent years, the main Chinese visits to the UAE include: Member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission and Minister of Foreign Affairs Wang Yi (as State Councilor and Foreign Minister since March 2021), Vice Premier Sun Chunlan of The State Council since April 2017, Vice Premier Hu Chunhua of The State Council since December 2022, Yang Jiechi, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Director of the Office of the Central Foreign Affairs Commission (February and May 2011, April 2018, January 2019, October 2020, June 2022), etc.
Albania's visit to China mainly includes: President of the United Arab Emirates (August 2009, March 2012, December 2015, July 2019, China to attend the opening ceremony of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games in February 2022), Vice President and Prime Minister, Sheikh Mohammed of Dubai (China to attend the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in 2019), Special Representative of the President, member of the Federal Supreme Council, Sheik Al-Qasimi of the Emirate of Khaimah (in October 2023 to attend the Third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation), Speaker of the Federal National Assembly Sahel (September 2023), Speaker of the Federal National Assembly Gubesi (November 2018), Foreign Minister Abdullah (11 visits to China) and so on.
Practical cooperation between the two countries is fruitful. The UAE has been China's largest export market and second largest trading partner in the Middle East for many years in a row. In 2023, the bilateral trade volume between China and Afghanistan reached 94.98 billion US dollars, of which 55.69 billion US dollars was exported by China and 39.29 billion US dollars was imported by China. We mainly export mechanical and electrical products, high and new technology, textile and apparel, and mainly import crude oil, petrochemical products, etc.
The UAE is China's fifth largest source of crude oil imports. In 2023, China imported 41.817 million tons of crude oil from the UAE.
2018年7月习近平主席对阿联酋进行国事访问期间，中阿双方签署政府间共建“一带一路”谅解备忘录。
In May 2018, the construction of the China-Arab production Capacity Cooperation Demonstration Park, an important project under the Belt and Road Initiative, began. In April 2019, the China-Arab joint venture Khalifa Port Container Terminal II was put into operation.
In 2012, China and Arab countries signed a currency swap agreement with a swap scale of 35 billion yuan /20 billion UAE dirhams, which was the first currency swap agreement signed between China and an Arab country. In November 2023, the two sides renewed the agreement.
The two countries have active cultural and people-to-people exchanges. In April 2017, China participated in the 27th ABU Dhabi International Book Fair as the guest of honor. The year 2024 marks the 40th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Arab States, and China will participate in the ABU Dhabi International Arts Festival (throughout the year) as the guest of honor.
In December 2017, China and Arab countries reached a comprehensive mutual visa exemption arrangement, which took effect on January 16, 2018, and the UAE became the first country in the Middle East to achieve comprehensive mutual visa exemption with China.
China and Arab countries have jointly promoted the "100 Schools Teach Chinese" project in the UAE, which has so far offered Chinese courses in 171 public schools in the UAE.
A total of 24 provinces and more than 3,000 enterprises participated in Expo Dubai, with more than 46 million people participating either on-site or online. [27]
应国家主席习近平邀请，阿联酋总统穆罕默德将于5月28日至6月1日对中国进行国事访问并出席中国—阿拉伯国家合作论坛第十届部长级会议开幕式。 [28]

travel

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EDITOR

Main attraction

Dubai Night view
Dubai (I)
Emirates Shopping Centre Dubai (Shopping Mall)
Isle of Palms (Splanch plant, flowery plant, flowery plant, etc.)
Burj Al Arab Hotel (Mathematic mathematic mathematic mathematic mathematic tool)
Dubai Music Fountain (full load and full load and full load and full load and full load and full load and full load and full load and full load)
Burj Khalifa (heave heave) (heave heave heave)
Atlantis The Palm (Mo Wu Wu Wu Wu Wu Wu Wu Wu Wu)
The Maidan Racetrack (In the plant tank, the vehicle tank, the vehicle tank, the plant tank)
Dubai National Museum (MoV Axle axle axle) (MOV axle axle axle axle axle axle axle axle)
Wafi City (Yunnan Province)
Jumeirah Mosque (Youdaoplaceholder0 Yu Yu Yu Yu Yu Zhu Fu)
The Zayed Mosque (I Liangwu Wu, I Liangwu, I Liangwu, I Liangwu, I Lianghu, I Liangwu, I
Emirates Palace Hotel (ف ن د ق ق ص an ل إ م an an ت)
Dubai Earth Islands (Kuangguqiao, GWU, GWU, GWU, GWU, GWU, GWU)
Miracle Garden (youdaoplaceholder0 The design and design of the storable Design and design of the imported imported design and design)
Dubai Six Nations (In the process, the process is full and the process is full)
ABU Dhabi Marina (ك organisation ر ن ي ش أ ب organisation ظ ب ي)
.

Cultural site

World Cultural Heritage: The Ayn cultural site (20 June 2011) : Hafeit, Siri, Bida-Bint al-Saud and Oasis (United Arab Emirates).
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