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North Korea

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Democratic People's Republic of Korea
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synonymDemocratic People's Republic of Korea(Democratic People's Republic of Korea) Generally refers to North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (Korean: 조선민주주의인민공화국, English: Democratic People's Republic of Korea), simply referred to as "North Korea", is located in East Asia Korean peninsula upstate Socialist country The ruling party is Workers' Party of Korea , the capital city Pyongyang . South and Korea In order to 38th parallel The demilitarized zone between North and South Korea Separated, north and People's Republic of China and Russia Border on. Approach in the west The Yellow Sea , and Shandong Peninsula Across the sea, facing the east Sea of Japan Population of approximately 25 million (as of December 2023) [2] North Korea is a nation-state and the whole country is divided into one Municipality directly under the central government , 2 municipality And 9 tao It covers an area of 123,000 square kilometers. [1]
The Korean Peninsula was a Japanese colony from 1910 to 1945. In August 1945 Japan After the surrender, Soviet and American troops were stationed in the north and south of the peninsula. The Democratic People's Republic of Korea was proclaimed on September 9, 1948. Kim Il-sung He has long been the supreme leader of North Korea. After Kim Il Sung's death in 1994, Kim Jong Il Take over as supreme leader of North Korea. After Kim Jong-il's death in December 2011, Kim Jong UN Take over as supreme leader of North Korea.
North Korea was created by its first leader, Kim Il Sung Juche idea Leading state policy, carried out by the Workers' Party of Korea One-party system Be persistent socialism The country, the implementation Planned economy . The DPRK pursues "independence, peace and friendship" Foreign policy We stand for developing foreign relations in accordance with the principles of complete equality, independence, mutual respect, non-interference in each other's internal affairs and mutual benefit. North Korea has about 1.2 million military personnel, the largest in the world Armed forces The fifth most populous country.
  • Latest news
North Korea says it's pouring waste paper and waste into South Korea 2024-05-29 20:18
On May 29, local time, Kim Yo Jong, vice minister of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, said that North Korea began to drop a large amount of waste paper and dirt to South Korea through balloons from the evening of 28. ... details
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Chinese name
Democratic People's Republic of Korea [2]
Foreign name
조선민주주의인민공화국 (in Korean)
Democratic People's Republic of Korea [2] (English)
Abbreviated form
North Korea
continent
Asia
capital
Pyongyang [2]
Major city
Kaesong , Chongjin , Sinuiju Special Administrative Region Etc.
National Day
September 9, 1948 [2]
National song
" Patriotic song "
Country code
PRK
Official language
Korean
currency
Korean won (KPW, ₩)
Time zone
UTC+9
Political system
The system of people's congresses
National leader
Kim Jong UN (Supreme Leader) , Kim Deok-hun (Prime Minister)
Population number
About 25 million [2] (December 2023)
Population density
214.1 persons/km2 (2020)
Major religion
The Doctrine of Heaven
Land area
123000 km² [2]
Water area ratio
4.87%
Total GDP
$30.704 billion (2017, international exchange rates)
Per capita GDP
$1,204 (2017, international exchange rates)
International telephone area code
850
International domain name abbreviation
.kp
Road access
Keep to the right
Major festival
The Sun Festival , Light Star Festival
Political belief
Juche idea
Legal system
Civil law system , Socialist law system
Central bank
Central Bank of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
News agency
Korean Central News Agency (Korean Central News Agency)
Leading institution
Kim Il Sung University , Pyongyang People's University of Economics Etc.
climate
Temperate monsoon climate

catalogue

  1. 1Origin of country name
  2. 2Historical evolution
  3. 3Geographical environment
  4. ▪Regional location
  5. ▪landform
  6. ▪Climatic characteristics
  7. 4Natural resources
  8. 5Administrative division
  9. ▪Administrative division
  10. ▪capital
  11. 6National symbol
  12. ▪Country name
  13. ▪flag
  14. ▪National emblem
  15. ▪National anthem
  1. ▪The national flower
  2. ▪National tree
  3. ▪National dog
  4. ▪National bird
  5. 7Population nationality
  6. 8political
  7. ▪constitution
  8. ▪congress
  9. ▪Council of State
  10. ▪cabinet
  11. ▪Judicial body
  12. ▪Political party
  13. ▪dignitaries
  14. 9economy
  15. ▪summarize
  16. ▪industry
  1. ▪agriculture
  2. ▪foreign trade
  3. ▪Foreign capital
  4. ▪Foreign aid
  5. 10culture
  6. ▪Language
  7. ▪Festivals
  8. ▪ART
  9. 11Military affairs
  10. ▪Military strength
  11. ▪National defense system
  12. 12traffic
  13. ▪railway
  14. ▪highroad
  15. ▪Water transport
  16. ▪Air freight
  1. 13society
  2. ▪education
  3. ▪communication
  4. ▪medium
  5. 14diplomacy
  6. ▪China-north Korea relations
  7. ▪Inter-korean relations
  8. ▪North Korea-US relations
  9. ▪Relations between Japan and North Korea
  10. ▪North Korea-Russia relations
  11. ▪Dprk-malaysia relations
  12. ▪Dprk-ukraine relations
  13. ▪Relations with others
  14. ▪Diplomatic relations
  15. 15travel

Origin of country name

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EDITOR
China Warring States to Qin and Han Dynasties Period documents The Classic of Mountains and Rivers "" The Legend of the Ancient Book "" pipe The word "North Korea" appeared in books such as "North Korea." Among them, "The Book of Mountains and Seas" says "within the East Sea, the corner of the North Sea, there is a country named Korea, heaven poison." "North Korea is here A surname East, North Sea, south mountain, Liyang belongs to Yan." The Great Biography of the Book of Shang records that" King Wu Sheng Yin, following son Lu Fu, release dustpan Of a prisoner, dustpan Can not bear, for weeks release, go to North Korea. King Wu heard of it, because it was sealed by Korea. Qi Zi is sealed by Zhou, must not be destroyed Minister's rites Therefore, on the 13th sacrifice to the court, King Wu because of his court" Great Fan " Guanzi has been called "hair Korea". According to these accounts, "Korea" is located in the sea east of the Central Plains, and is Zhou Dynasty The location of Jin Zi, a noble of Yin Shang Dynasty, is unclear in its meaning, with various explanations such as the place of sunrise, the name of water (tide, fairy two waters), and "coming to Korea". The Records of the Grand Historian has Korean biography ", recorded Wiman Korea The history of... Korean peninsula Goryeo Dynasty The history book" Legacy of The Three Kingdoms In ", it is called mythological figures Tangun Wang Jian founded the kingdom in 2333 BC under the title of "Joseon".
In 1392, Li Chenggui overthrow Goryeo Dynasty Independence is king, create Joseon dynasty . Fight for Ming Dynasty For support, Li Chenggui referred to the ancient name of Goryeo "Joseon" and the place of Li Fu's official "Hyeong", and sent an envoy to ask Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang Adjudicate the country number. Zhu Yuanzhang believes that "Korea" is an ancient name, and "Asahi bright" source elegant, so ruled that North Korea is the new country name.
On September 9, 1948, Workers' Party of Korea leader Kim Il-sung When the northern half of the Korean Peninsula was founded, the country name "Korea" was adopted and the country was named "Democratic People's Republic of Korea". The official North Korean explanation for the title is: "' Joseon 'implies 5,000 years of history and tradition, and represents our country most accurately, meaning deep and appropriate." In the name of the country, "democracy" means a new type of democracy democracy Appropriately reflects the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal Democratic revolution Stage of North Korean reality. ... President Kim Il Sung not only regarded the people as the subject of history and the masters of the country, but also proposed adding the word "people" to the name of the country to show it The people are masters of the country The country."

Historical evolution

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EDITOR
Subject article: History of Korean Peninsula , Korean Allied Mandate period , Korean War
See also: Republic of Korea
On September 2, 1945, by agreement with the Allies, Allied forces Supreme commander MacArthur In the first directive, the 38th parallel North was designated as the temporary demarcation line between the U.S. and Soviet forces for accepting the surrender of Japanese troops in Korea and conducting military activities against Japan Soviet army Affected area, south of Us army The landing area. After Japan surrendered, American and Soviet troops moved in separately 38th parallel North and South. In August and September 1948, the North and South regions of the Korean Peninsula were established Republic of Korea and Democratic People's Republic of Korea . At that time, the total population of the Korean Peninsula was 30 million, the population south of the 38th parallel was about 21 million, and the population north of the 38th parallel was 9 million, accounting for 56% and 44% of the total area of the Korean Peninsula, respectively.
Korean Chinese People's Volunteer Army Martyrs Cemetery
On June 25, 1950, Korean War Eruption. On the 27th, America Officially entered the war. By mid-August, Korean People's Army Drive US and South Korean troops to Busan In one corner, they captured 90% of South Korea. On September 15, "United Nations forces" led by U.S. troops were on the west coast of the Korean Peninsula Port of Incheon Land and begin a major counterattack. At the same time, American aircraft repeatedly bombed and strafed China northeast The border (blamed by the US Air Force on an accidental bombing), seriously threatening China's security. Chinese People's Volunteer Army Went to North Korea on October 25, with Korean People's Army Fight side by side to drive the enemy away The Yalu River Edge retrace 38th parallel Nearby;
On July 10, 1951, United States government Be forced to agree to Kaesong Armistice talks were held and the armistice Agreement was signed on July 27, 1953. The entire Korean War lasted three years. In July 1953, the Military Demarcation Line between the North and the South was adjusted on the basis of the 38th Parallel, and the temporary Military demarcation Line was demarcated within two kilometers of each side Demilitarized zone . It is still conventionally called the 38th parallel.
On October 1, 1953, the United States and South Korea jointly signed the treaty U.s.-south Korea Mutual Defense Treaty According to this treaty, the United States has long stationed troops in South Korea to this day. On October 26, 1958, Chinese People's Volunteer Army Complete evacuation Korean peninsula .
Kim Il-sung and Kim Jong-il
Kim Il-sung pioneer Juche idea "And was implemented while in office Thousand-mile horse movement It intends to lead South Korea in all aspects. Still, in 1969, North Korea's economic development was being overtaken by the South. Kim Il Sung The Soviet Union Weakened and destroyed in the northern part of the former Korean Peninsula communism representative Hyun Joon-hyuk and nationalism representative Cao Wanzhi Later, he executed the leader of the Workers' Party of Korea for being an "American spy. Park Heon-young Et al. Since then, Kim Il Sung has been purged Xu Jiayi Represented by the pro-Soviet faction and Israel Wuting Representative of Yan 'an School Power.
In 1958, North Korea announced the completion of both urban and rural areas Relations of production the Socialist transformation Have established Socialist system .
It was announced in 1970 Socialist industrialization .
Joined with South Korea on 17 September 1991 The United Nations .
In 1994, Kim Il Sung died Myocardial infarction He died of illness in his residence and was succeeded by his eldest son Kim Jong Il . Kim Jong Il took office in 1997 General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea .
On September 17, 2002, Prime Minister of Japan Junichiro Koizumi On a one-day visit to North Korea, which is World War II since Prime Minister of Japan First visit to North Korea. The two sides also signed the DPRK-Japan Pyongyang Declaration to normalize relations between the two countries.
On October 9, 2006, North Korea conducted its first Underground nuclear test .
On May 26, 2009, North Korea conducted its second nuclear test. The next day, South Korea joined the" Proliferation Security Initiative He announced his withdrawal from the Agreement between the Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army and the Commander of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army on the one hand and the Commander of the United Nations Army on the other on the Military Armistice in Korea.
On December 17, 2011, Kim Jong-il, the supreme leader of the DPRK Party and state, was arrested Heart disease Died suddenly, aged 69. On December 30th, Kim Jong UN Be elected as Korean People's Army The Supreme Commander.
On April 11, 2012, Workers' Party of Korea The fourth Congress decided to elect Kim Jong UN as a member of the Political Bureau and Standing Committee of the WPK Central Committee and Chairman of the Central Military Commission of the WPK Central Committee. The meeting also named Kim Jong UN First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea Kim Jong Il is "forever supported as general secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea."
On April 11, 2012, Kim Jong UN was elected First secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) at its 4th Congress. Kim Jong UN was appointed first chairman of the National Defense Commission at the fifth session of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly on Monday.
In June 2013, for the first time in 39 years, North Korea revised the Constitution, which is stronger than the constitution and the constitution of the Workers' Party. Establish the ten principles of the Party's sole ideological system The Ten Principles were reduced from the original 10 articles 65 to 10 articles 60, emphasizing the leadership of the Workers Party while downplaying the leader. [13]
The fifth Political Bureau meeting of the Eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea on December 1, 2021 decided that the fourth plenary session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea will be held in late December to summarize the implementation of state policies in 2021 and discuss and decide on the work plan for 2022. [16]

Geographical environment

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EDITOR

Regional location

The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is located in eastern Asia, in the northern half of the Korean Peninsula. North and China As neighbors, the northeast and Russia Border, south to Military demarcation line 38th parallel with Korea It's adjacent. The Korean Peninsula is surrounded by the sea on three sides and to the east Sea of Japan (include East Korea Bay ), southwest is The Yellow Sea (include West Korea Bay ). About 80% of the country is mountainous. The length of the peninsula's coastline is about 17,300 km (including the island coastline). [4]

landform

North Korea is surrounded by the sea on three sides by many mountains, valleys and coastal terrain. The average altitude of the country is 435 meters, which is lower than the average altitude of the world land of 875 meters and the average altitude of the Asian land of 950 meters. The higher elevation mountains are mainly concentrated in the northern and eastern regions, and the flat fields are mainly distributed on the west and south coasts. [21]

Climatic characteristics

North Korea has a temperate East Asian monsoon climate. The summer is warm and rainy, the winter is cold and dry, the average annual temperature is 8~12℃, the average annual precipitation is 1000~1200 mm, the rainfall from June to September is 70% of the whole year. The average annual precipitation is about 1500 mm, and the precipitation gradually decreases from south to north. The average temperature in winter is below zero.

Natural resources

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EDITOR
More than 300 kinds of minerals have been identified, of which more than 200 kinds of useful minerals. The reserves of graphite and magnesite rank first in the world. Iron ore, aluminum, zinc, copper, silver and other non-ferrous metals and coal, limestone, mica, asbestos and other non-metallic minerals are abundant. Water and forest resources are abundant. [2]

Administrative division

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EDITOR

Administrative division

Subject article: Subdivisions of North Korea
Map of North Korea
North Korea is divided into one municipality, two special cities and nine provinces Pyongyang City , Nanpu City , Rason , South Pyongan province , North Pyongan Province , Cijiang Road , Yanggang , South Hamgyong Province , North Hamgyong Province , Gangwon-do , Hwanghainam Road , North Hwanghae Province . [2]
territory
Prefecture/Municipality
The capital
Area (km²)
Heian (Kansai) place
Pyongyang special city
Pyongyang
1600
North Pyongan Province
Sinuiju City
12191
South Pyongan province
Binh City
12330
Cijiang Road
Ganggye
16613
Sinuiju Special Administrative Region
Sinuiju City
132
Hamgyong (Guannan) place
North Hamgyong Province
Chongjin
/
South Hamgyong Province
Hamhung
/
Yanggang
Hyesan The city
14000
Rason Municipality
Rason
/
Yellow Sea (West Coast) place
North Hwanghae Province
Sariwon City
/
Hwanghainam Road
Haizhou City
/
Kaesong special City
Kaesong special City
/
The Kaesong industrial area
Kaesong special City
/
Gangwon (Yeongseo/Yeongdong)
Gangwon Province (North)
Wonsan
10600
Mount Kumgang sightseeing area
Geumgang
/

capital

Pyongyang (Pyongyang), with an area of 2,629.4 square kilometers and a population of about 3.25 million, consists of 18 districts and 4 counties. The average annual temperature is 9.7 ° C. [2]

National symbol

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EDITOR

Country name

Its full name is the Democratic People's Republic of Korea. "Joseon" was originally established in 1392 Li dynasty The name of the country. The Li dynasty has a history of more than 500 years, and later took the title of the kingdom Clan name . The original meaning of "Joseon" is "bright East." [23]

flag

Flag of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
The red star of the Pentagon symbolizes the revolutionary tradition and the broad prospects of the country established during the revolutionary struggle against Japanese aggression organized and led by President Kim Il Sung, and the red broad face symbolizes the loyalty of the Korean people to the Party and leader, socialist patriotism, and patriotism. indomitable The spirit of struggle and the powerful force to achieve unity.
The white circle and white stripes above and below symbolize that the Korean people are heroic people and that the Korean people are a single nation.
The wide blue edge above and below symbolizes the ardent aspirations of the Korean people to hold high the banner of anti-imperialist independence, to unite closely with the revolutionary people of the world, and to advance bravely for the victory of the cause of peace, democracy, national independence and socialism. [5]

National emblem

Emblem of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Emblem of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Top draw Baekdu Mountain And the Pentagon red star, which reflects the positive support of the North Korean people Kim Il-sung The chairman and Kim Jong Il Comrade, will Juche revolution The unwavering belief and will to complete the cause to the end. It's on the national emblem Hydropower station Symbolized with power Heavy industry On the basis of independent, modern industry and Working class .
The ear of rice was a symbol of a thriving agriculture and a reliable ally of the working class. [5]

National anthem

Patriotic song [5]
The national anthem of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is" Patriotic song It was completed in 1947, by Park Se-young Write lyrics, Kim Won Kyun Music COMPOSED BY.
The song reflects the Korean people's sense of national pride and pride in supporting the leadership of President Kim Il Sung and marching forward to accomplish the Juche revolutionary cause, the spirit of love for the motherland, and the will to defend and glorify the motherland. [5]

The national flower

The national flower of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Magnolia .
Magnolia [5]
Magnolia, belonging to the Magnoliaceae family, is a deciduous shrub or tree found throughout Korea (except North Hamgyong Province , Yanggang , Cijiang Road Valleys, mountainsides and other wetlands grow together with other trees.
Magnolias grow to a height of 2 to 5 meters.
The bark is light gray, the surface is smooth, the shoots with brown hairs, the leaves alternate, the petiole is small. The leaves are 12 to 14 cm long and 5 to 10 cm wide, with the largest being 25 cm long and 15 cm wide.
In May to June, fragrant white flowers appear on the head of the new branch, slightly drooping or lateral. It blooms from late May to mid-June and almost fades by early to mid-July. [5]

National tree

Pine tree [5]
The national tree of North Korea is Pine tree . Pine is a tree that originated in Korea and has the widest distribution area and the largest number of forest trees in Korea.
Pine belongs to gymnospermia It is an evergreen coniferous tree that grows in a wide area below 800 meters overseas, except in the high mountains of northern Korea. The tree is 20-40 meters tall and about 60 centimeters in diameter. The trunk is generally curved, and the pine growing in the forest is straighter. The bark was orange-red or blackish-brown, and it split off like a turtle's back. The branches grow horizontally or upward, sometimes drooping downward to form a crown.
The evergreen pine tree has strong vitality and is used by the Korean people as a symbol of "integrity and strong, noble sentiment, fortitude and enthusiasm". [5]

National dog

poodle [5]
North Korea's national dog is poodle .
The origin of Fengshan dog is Yanggang Kim Hyung Kwon County The area (formerly known as Pungsan County) is where the name "Pungsan Dog" comes from.
The hind legs of the Fengshan dog are thick and powerful, good at running in the mountains, the eyes are black or gray, the ears are small and pointed forward, and the neck is thick and short and muscular. The female dog has a slightly drooping abdomen, and the male dog has a thin waist, which is convenient for activity and quick action.
The tail is curled up, and the fur is white or chestnut yellow. [5]

National bird

The national bird of North Korea is goshawk . Goshawks are found throughout Korea. [5]
goshawk [5]
Goshawks have been closely associated with the lives of the Korean people since ancient times. Goshawks have long been domesticated by the Korean people for hunting birds, and they are reflected in art, proverbs, historical sayings, poems, and anecdotes.
The eagle belongs to Falciformes accipiter Accipiter Usually 48 to 61 cm long, weight 800 to 1350 grams, mouth and legs slim.
The female is slightly larger than the male, and the adult bird has a dark gray back. Because of the white brow stripes above the eyes, the head is similar to wear a black hat; The tail hair is gray, with multiple black stripes, and the tip of the tail feathers is white; The mouth is blue black, and the feet are yellow.
Goshawks live in the middle or edge of leafy jungle, shrublands, hunting mice, pheasant and Hare The average daily predation of male birds is 130 grams, and that of female birds is 190 grams.
It usually breeds from early April to mid-May. Generally in the forest high tree nest, each nest lays 3 to 4 eggs, eggs light blue. Breeding season and summer alone or in pairs in farmland, river banks, flat forests in alpine areas, autumn and winter in the hills and flat land.

Population nationality

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EDITOR
As of 2019, the total population of North Korea is 25,666,161. [3] One nation, universal Korean .
On the basis of Ministry of Foreign Affairs, People's Republic of China The official website updated in October 2023 shows that the population of North Korea is about 25 million people. [2]

political

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EDITOR

constitution

Promulgated in 1972 Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea It was revised in 1992, 1998, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2016, 2019, and 2023.

congress

A night view of the April 25 Square in Pyongyang, North Korea
The Supreme People's Assembly is the highest organ of state power. Members are elected to five-year terms. The permanent intersessional body is the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly. In September 2021, the DPRK held the fifth session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly. In February 2022, the DPRK held the sixth session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly. In September 2022, the DPRK held the seventh session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly. In January 2023, the DPRK held the 14th eighth session of the Supreme People's Assembly. In September 2023, the DPRK held the ninth session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly. He is currently chairman of the Standing Committee Choe Yong-hae Vice Chairman Kang Run-seok , Kim Ho Chul . Incumbent speaker Park In Chul Deputy Speaker Muang Kyung Il .

Council of State

In 2016, the DPRK held the fourth session of the 13th Supreme People's Assembly. The Congress amended the Constitution and established a new State Council to replace the former National Defense Commission and report to the Supreme People's Assembly for a term of five years. The State Affairs Commission is the highest policy authority in the DPRK. The Chairman of the State Affairs Committee is the supreme leader of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, representing the state. In April 2019, the first session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK re-elected Kim Jong UN as Chairman of The State Council and Choe Ryong Hae as its first Vice Chairman. In September 2021, the DPRK held the fifth session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly and was removed Pak Pong-ju Vice Chairman of The State Council, by-election Jin Dexun Vice Chairman.

cabinet

The Cabinet, the highest executive body of the state, is elected for a term of five years. On August 13, 2020, Kim was appointed Prime Minister.
The cabinet consists of Prime Minister Kim Deok-hoon and Vice Prime Ministers Park Jung-geun, Yang Seung-ho, Joo Cheol-kyu, Kim Sung-yong, Lee Sung-hak, Park Hoon, Lee Cheol-man, Jeon Seung-guk, and Kim Myeong-hoon. National Planning Commission Chairman Park Jung-geun, Agriculture Committee Chairman Lee Cheol-man, Foreign Minister Choi Sun-hee, Power Industry Minister Kim Yoo-il, Coal Industry Minister Jeon Hak-chul, National Security Minister Lee Chang-dae, Defense Minister Kang Soon-nam, Social Security Minister Lee Tae-sup, Chemical Industry Minister Kim Cheol-ha, metal industry Minister Ahn Geum-chul, Railways Minister Kook Myung-ho, Land and Maritime Minister Kang Jong-gwan, and mining industry Minister Lee Sang-do, Minister of National Resources Development Kim Jung-jung, Minister of Forestry Han Yong-guk, Minister of Machinery Industry Ahn Kyung-geun, Minister of Shipbuilding Industry Wang Chang-wook, Minister of Food Industry Park Hyung-yeol, Minister of Information Industry Joo Yong-il, Minister of Construction Industry Seo Jong-jin, Minister of National Construction Supervision Lee Soon-Chul, Minister of Light Industry Kim Chang-seok, Minister of Fisheries Song Chun-seok, Minister of Finance Ko Jung-beom, Minister of Labor Jin Kum-song and Right Foreign Economy Minister Yoon Jeong-ho, National Science and Technology Commission Chairman Lee Choong-gil, National Academy of Sciences President Kim Seung-jin, Land, Environment and Protection Minister Kim Kyung-jun, Urban Management Minister Im Kyung-jae, Commerce Minister Kwak Jeong-joon, Education Commission Chairman and general Education Minister Kim Seung-doo, Kim Il-sung University President and Education Commission Higher Education Minister Lee Moo-lim, Culture Minister Seung-jeong-gyu, and Sports Minister Kim Japan, the Governor of the Central Bank Bai Minguang, the Director of the Central Statistics Li Zheshan, the Secretary General of the Cabinet Kim Jin Chul.
The Cabinet of the DPRK consists of: Ministry of Cabinet Affairs, State Planning Commission, Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ministry of National Resources Development, Ministry of Electric Power Industry, Ministry of Metal Industry, Ministry of Coal Industry, Ministry of Railways, Ministry of Land and Shipping, Ministry of Light Industry, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Fisheries, Ministry of Communication, Ministry of Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Commerce, Ministry of Grain Purchase, Ministry of Land and Environment Protection, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Culture, Ministry of Sports, Ministry of National Construction Supervision Department, Construction and Building Materials Industry Department, Trade Department, Crude Oil Industry Department, Urban Management Department, Food and Commodity Industry Department, Extractive Industry Department, State Science and Technology Commission, Machinery Industry Department, Electronics Industry Department, Labor Department, Forestry Department, Central Bank, Central Bureau of Statistics, Atomic Power Industry Department, National Academy of Sciences. [21]

Judicial body

There are central tribunals, prefectural (municipal) tribunals, people's tribunals (grassroots courts) and special tribunals. The Central Court is the highest judicial organ of the state, and its president is elected by the Supreme People's Assembly for a term of five years. Current director Choi Geun Young He will take office in March 2023.
Flag of the Workers' Party of Korea
There are central prosecutors' offices, provincial (municipality), city (district), county prosecutors' offices, and special prosecutors' offices. The Central Procuratorial Office is the country's highest procuratorial organ, and its director is appointed by the Supreme People's Assembly for a term of five years. Current director Woo Sang-chul He will take office in January 2021.

Political party

Major political parties in North Korea
sort
Political parties and groups
Establishment time
introduce
Workers' Party of Korea
The ruling party
October 10, 1945
Formerly North Communist Party of Korea On August 28, 1946, it merged with the New People's Party of Korea to form the Workers' Party of Korea, and on June 29, 1949, it merged with the Workers' Party of South Korea. The party's founding anniversary is October 10, 1945, and it now has more than 4 million members. The seventh Congress will be held in May 2016, and the eighth Congress will be held in January 2021. General Secretary Kim Jong-un. Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Workers' Party of Korea include Kim Jong UN, Choe Ryong Hae, Cho Yong-won, Kim Deok-hoon and Ri Byong-chol.
Social Democratic Party of Korea
Formerly known as Democratic Party of Korea
November 3, 1945
It was composed of small and medium-sized entrepreneurs, merchants, artisans, farmers, and people who opposed Japanese colonial rule Christian Make up. In 1981, it was renamed to its current name, with more than 30,000 party members. The current chairman is Kim Ho-chul.
Tiandaoist Qingyou Party
-
February 8, 1946
Espoused mainly by The Doctrine of Heaven Of the farmers. Chairman Lee Ming-che, elected in 2020.
In addition, North Korea has the Democratic Front for Fatherland Reunification, Committee for the Peaceful Reunification of the Motherland And other social groups and organizations.

dignitaries

North Korea's supreme leader - Kim Jong-un
Kim Jong UN : The supreme leader of North Korea, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea Chairman of The State Council and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the DPRK. Awarded in September 2010 Korean People's Army He was elected Vice chairman of the Central Military Commission in the same month. He was appointed Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army on 30 December 2011. On 11 April 2012, he was elected First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea at the fourth Party Congress. On April 13, he was elected the first chairman of the National Defense Commission at the fifth session of the 12th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK. It was awarded on 17 July Marshal of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Title. On April 9, 2014, he was reelected as the first chairman of the National Defense Commission at the first session of the 13th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK. In May 2016, he was elected chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea at the 7th Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea. In June 2016, he was elected Chairman of the State Affairs Commission at the fourth session of the 13th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK. In April 2019, he was re-elected as chairman of the State Affairs Commission at the first session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK. In January 2021, he was elected General secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea at the Eighth Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea.
Choe Yong-hae : Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, First Vice Chairman of the State Commission of the DPRK, Supreme People's Assembly Chairman of the Standing Committee. Born in 1950. Have successively served as Kim Il Sung Socialist Youth League First Secretary, Vice Minister of the Party Central Committee, responsible secretary of the Party Committee of North Huanghai Province. He was elected to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in 2012, and was appointed Vice chairman of the Central Military Commission and Director of the General Political Bureau of the People's Army in April of the same year. In April 2014, he was appointed Vice Chairman, Party Secretary and Vice Chairman of the National Defense Commission. He was re-elected to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in May 2016, and was elected Vice Chairman of The State Council in June 2016. In April 2019, he was elected First Vice Chairman of the State Affairs Commission and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK at the first session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly. On January 10, 2021, at the first plenary session of the eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, he was re-elected to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Party Central Committee.
Zhao Yongyuan : Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Workers' Party of Korea. Born in 1957. He served as the first vice minister of the CPC Central Committee and became an alternate member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in January 2020. He was elected to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in January 2021.
Jin Dexun : Member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Workers' Party of Korea Central Committee and Prime Minister of the Cabinet. Born in 1961. Long-term work in the enterprise. He was appointed Chairman of the Cijiang People's Committee in 2011, Vice Premier of the Cabinet in 2014, and member and Vice Chairman of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in 2019. He became Prime Minister in August 2020. He was elected to the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in January 2021. In September 2021, he was by-elected Vice Chairman of the State Affairs Commission of the DPRK at the fifth session of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly.

economy

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EDITOR

summarize

North Korean practice Planned economy .
Before 1945, Korea had been a typical agricultural producer. After independence from Japanese colonial rule on 15 August 1945, economic development gradually shifted to industrial production. The agrarian Reform Law was promulgated in March 1946, the industry was nationalized in August, and two one-year national economic plans were implemented from 1947 to 1948. During the 1950s, North Korea's industrial development was rapid, and its total industrial output increased by 39% between 1953 and 1960, the highest in the world. Meanwhile, North Korea has followed suit Japan After the second largest industrial country in East Asia. It broke out in 1950-1953 Korean War The North Korean economy was severely damaged. 1954-1956 saw a period of post-war economic recovery. The first was implemented in 1957 Five-year plan It was completed in 1958 Private ownership of the means of production the Socialist transformation It was reformed in 1961 Management system Have established Great safety work system The new agricultural leadership system and the unified system of planning. The first seven-year plan began in 1967, followed by a six-year transitional plan (1971-1976), and the second and third seven-year plans began in 1978 and 1987, respectively.
After the Korean War, in the 1950s and 1960s, North Korea was politically stable and diplomatically peaceful The Soviet Union , China Countries such as alliance, rapid economic development, but after the 1970s, people's living standards gradually improved Korea Produce a drop. And because North Korea's economy is centered on the Soviet Union Socialist camp One of the links, the structure is single, so the socialist camp in the 1980s Cold war The defeat was followed by an increasingly difficult situation. In the 1990s, the North Korean economy plunged into recession due to a series of natural disasters.
During this period, while gradually establishing and enriching the industrial production base, the DPRK paid attention to the development of the socialist national economy and actively promoted it Power station (Station) construction, enterprise reconstruction and expansion projects, promoting the construction of important projects such as the Sariwon Potash Fertilizer Complex; In order to solve the housing problem in the short term, Pyongyang vigorously built Unified Street, and built 30,000 modern houses in 1990. 2,000 kilometers of construction canal , a set of Taedong and Licheng River , The Yalu River It is connected with Daning River to form a large irrigation network, which solves the irrigation problem of farmland in the western grain-producing area.
North Korea set up its first in late 1991 Special economic zone -- Najin Sonbong Free Economic and Trade Zone ( Rason Special City ). The DPRK economy has gradually emerged from the trough and achieved recovery growth.
North Korea's economic system is highly centralized planned economy, state-owned industry occupies an absolute control position, and the government vigorously develops Heavy industry and National defense industry .
Since July 2002, the DPRK has implemented a series of economic adjustment measures, and proposed to renovate the economy with modern technology and improve the economic management system in accordance with the requirements of the new environment and new climate. Wages, prices, exchange rates and so on have been significantly adjusted, giving enterprises more independent management rights, and set up Kaesong industrial zone Mount Kumgang tourist area, etc. These measures have played a positive role in economic recovery and development, and enabled the DPRK economy to maintain recovery growth in recent years.
In January 2011, North Korea established the State Economic Development Administration and formulated the ten-year Strategic Plan for National Economic Development. The plan defines strategic goals for infrastructure construction, agriculture, basic industries such as electricity, coal, oil and metals, and regional development, lays out a framework for opening the door to a strong and powerful country by 2012, and "shows the prospect of reaching the level of developed countries by 2020."
North Korean banknotes were introduced on December 1, 2009
On July 24, 2014, the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK issued a decree on the same day, deciding to establish several new units across the country Economic development zone .
According to the decree, North Korea will be in Pyongyang City Set up a cutting-edge technology development zone in Hwanghainam Road Set up an international green demonstration zone in Nanpu City Set up export processing zones in South Pyongan province The establishment of industrial development zones and agricultural development zones in North Pyongan Province Set up tourism development zones. The executive order also declares that it will Sinuiju City The "Special Economic Zone" was renamed "Sinuiju International Economic Zone". The development zones established in each province (first-level administrative division) will exercise North Korean sovereignty.
Implement a planned economy. According to the official data released by North Korea in January 2023, the budget revenue will be 100.7% and the expenditure will be 99.9% by 2022. The 2023 budget revenue is expected to increase by 1% over the previous year, with investment in economic construction increasing by 1.2% and investment in science and technology increasing by 0.7%. The defense budget accounted for 15.9% of the total budget, the same as the previous year.

industry

The DPRK attaches great importance to the development of the four leading industries of metallurgy, electricity, coal and railway transportation, as well as mining, machinery, chemical and light industries, and strives to normalize and modernize production.
In January 2011, North Korea established the State Economic Development Administration and formulated the ten-year Strategic Plan for National Economic Development. The plan defines strategic goals for infrastructure construction, agriculture, and the development of basic industrial areas such as electricity, coal, oil, and metals, and sets a framework for opening the door to a strong and powerful country by 2012. On July 24, 2014, the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK issued a decree to establish several new economic development zones across the country. As of August 2019, North Korea has established 26 economic development zones. [21]
Mining is North Korea's mainstay industry. The mineral resources in North Korea are characterized by various types, rich reserves and high exploitation value. For a long time, through the operation of mining industry, the export of mineral resources has been an important source of foreign exchange earning for North Korea's exports, and the proportion of its exports in the total exports has increased year by year. [21]
The export processing industry is the second largest industry after mining. In the development process of North Korea's export processing industry, the most important components are North Korea's export to China and South Korea. The processing industries exported by the DPRK to China mainly include garment processing industry and seafood processing industry, mainly in the China-DPRK Rason Economic and Trade Zone and Hwanggumpyong Development Zone. The processing industry of North Korea's export to South Korea mainly involves garment processing industry. The development of North Korea's export processing industry mainly involves two ways: incoming processing and commissioned processing, and the representative products are clothing, seafood and so on. Since 2009, the export of apparel products in North Korea has shown a rapid growth trend, becoming the second largest foreign exchange earning product after mineral products, and the apparel products in North Korea have occupied a significant position in the field of foreign trade. [21]

agriculture

North Korea concentrated on developing food production, continued to promote seed improvement and double cropping, and expanded potato and soybean cultivation. Grain production is dominated by rice and maize. [2]

foreign trade

The main trading partners are China , Russia , Korea Let's wait. The DPRK has established trade relations with more than 100 countries and regions in the world, and has joined international and regional economic and trade organizations or agreements, including: Asean Regional Forum (ARF), International Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Group of 77 (G77), International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO), International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), International Maritime Organization (IMO), International Telecommunication union (ITU), the United Nations Trade and Development Organization (UNCTAD), United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), etc. [21]

Foreign capital

The Kaesong Industrial complex in North Korea
From the 1980s, North Korea began to attract foreign investment and set up joint ventures. In December 1991, North Korea set up a free economic zone in Rason, near the border with China and Russia. In 1992, North Korea promulgated the Law on Joint Ventures. In November 2002, the DPRK announced the establishment of the Kaesong Industrial Zone and the Kumgang Mountain tourist zone to be jointly developed by the two Koreas. In 2008, the DPRK-Russia "Hasan-Rajin" railway and Rajin Port renovation project was launched. North Korea has made good progress in cooperation with a large cement factory in Egypt, and opened third-generation mobile communication services in cooperation with Egypt's Orischum Telecom company. In June 2011, China and the DPRK held a groundbreaking ceremony for the "Two Economic Zones" project to jointly develop and manage Hwanggumpyong, Wihwa Island economic zones and Rason Economic and Trade Zones. [2]

Foreign aid

North Korea has been suffering from food shortages due to a series of natural disasters. The international community has provided substantial humanitarian assistance to North Korea, either bilaterally or through international organizations such as the World Food Program.
U.S. foreign food aid began in 1954. Food aid to North Korea should include wheat, vegetable oil, corn, soybeans, cotton, tallow, flour, sorghum and rice. By 2000, total U.S. aid to North Korea was estimated at more than $1 billion. In 1998, the United States provided half a million tons of food aid worth 173 million dollars; More than $180 million in food aid in 1999, weighing 600,000 tons. In 1999, the Budget Office reported that the United States had provided $365 million in emergency food aid to North Korea since 1995. The U.S. government provided North Korea with approximately $15 million, $50 million, $160 million, and $140 million in food between 1996 and 1999. Under the U.S.-North Korea Nuclear Framework Agreement reached in October 1994, the United States would lead the establishment of the Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization to provide North Korea with $4 billion in assistance as early as possible to help build two light-water reactor power plants with a total installed capacity of 2,000 megawatts to solve the country's electricity shortage. In addition, the United States will provide North Korea with 500,000 tons of heavy fuel oil annually until the light-water reactor is completed. In 1999, after North Korea promised to abandon nuclear tests, the president of the United States Clinton Announced the partial lifting of nearly 50 years of economic sanctions against North Korea. Some of the activities that will be eased include the import of most North Korean goods and raw materials; The export of most unclassified goods and services by U.S. companies and foreign subsidiaries, such as most consumer goods, most financial services, and investments in industrial sectors that are not of national security concern; Investments in agriculture, mining, petroleum, timber, cement, transport, infrastructure and tourism; Money transfers from American nationals to North Koreans. It was the most open gesture the United States has made toward North Korea since the Korean War. Trade between the two sides is mainly based on the aid of the United States to export agricultural products to North Korea. From 1993 to 2000, the United States exported more than $35.1 million in goods to North Korea.
Since the beginning of the Korean War, China has provided large amounts of aid to North Korea, mainly in the form of food, fertilizer and oil. Since 1991, China has replaced the Soviet Union as the sole pillar of crude oil supply to North Korea, sending 500,000 tons of oil a year, accounting for 80 percent of North Korea's total oil imports. The China-North Korea Friendship Oil Transportation Company, which is responsible for oil transportation to North Korea, has built an 11-kilometer oil transportation line between the two sides of the Yalu River Danton The supply coordination base in Mashicun determined that North Korea's oil imports from China not only cost much less than the international market price, but also usually pay for them with a delay of one to two years. In 2005, China provided 531,000 tons of grain to the DPRK, accounting for 92 percent of international food aid to the DPRK that year.

culture

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EDITOR

Language

Korean script
Korean It was the Korean Peninsula that borrowed Chinese characters as writing instruments before the 20th century. 15th century Lee Korea Sejong The king sent for the completion of Discipline the people and correct their pronunciation ", referring to the appearance of Chinese characters to create a new pinyin text" adage ". Hangul did not become an official script for several centuries, as the Chinese language was still used by officials and nobles of the upper classes of the Korean upper class and official book texts. Hangul is known for its use among North Koreans who have no formal education Yangban Boycott. After Korea was annexed by Japan in the early 20th century, hangul gradually became the main writing instrument in Korea. After the division of the two Koreas at the end of World War II, North Korea completely abolished the use of Chinese characters in the Korean script, and all Korean characters adopted the spelling of Korean characters. Korea also abolished Chinese characters ( National language purification movement However, due to the many inconveniences caused by pinyin characters, the basic education of Chinese characters was restored to distinguish the different meanings of homophone words. About 10 percent of the Korean language is native to the Korean language, and about 69 percent is Chinese And 10% are English The rest are umlauts of other languages. Korean is slightly different from Korean. Because of the long division of the North and the South of the Korean Peninsula after the war, the language of the North and the South has also been different.

Festivals

February 16: Light Star Festival North Korea's former supreme leader Kim Jong Il's birthday. April 15: The Sun Festival The birthday of former President Kim Il Sung. September 9: National Day. October 10: The anniversary of the founding of the Workers' Party of Korea.

ART

proscenium
The 1970s was a flourishing period of cultural and artistic creation in North Korea. North Korean cultural and artistic workers have created, adapted and performed" Flower girl "" A sea of blood "" Oh, forest, please tell me "" Good daughter of the Party "" The Song of Mount Kumgang Five Revolutionary operas and City God Temple Blood will be spilled "Letters from My Daughter" " tripartite "" Celebration party Five revolutionary dramas, as well as a number of North Korean films familiar to Chinese audiences at the time, such as" While picking apples "" A village full of flowers ", etc.
The main art troupes are The Sea of Blood Opera , Mansudae Art Troupe , Korean People's Army Orchestra , Korean People's Army State Merit Choir , The Korean People's Army Military Orchestra Let's wait.
movie
North Korea attaches great importance to the film industry, and every year in addition to the publication of the Korean Central Yearbook, it also publishes a separate "Korean Film Yearbook."
North Korea's major film studios are North Korean art film Studio North Korea April 25 Art Film Studio, North Korea April 26 children's art film Studio, etc. The main creative units are the Film Literature Creation Society, and the main administrative agencies are the North Korean Film Import and Export Corporation and the North Korean Film Popularization Society.
Flower girl
North Korea produces about 60 films a year. Representative films made since the 1980s are: The fate of Jin Ji and Yin Ji "" Ahn Jung-gen shot ITO Hirobumi "Platycodon Flower" " Flower girl "" A sea of blood ", etc. New films released in 2006 include The diary of a schoolgirl "Pyongyang Whirlwind" and so on.
teleplay
North Korean TV dramas are made by North Korean Broadcasting and Television Commission Responsible for production, shoots fewer TV series than movies each year. His main work is the large-scale television series "Nation and Destiny".
literature
The April 15 Literary Creation Group is a major force in the creation of Korean literature. His main works are the series" Immortal history "And" Walk with the century ". Walking With the Century is the revolutionary memoir of Kim Il Sung in eight volumes, reflecting the life of Kim Il Sung's revolution from his birth in 1912 to his death in 1994.
MUSICIANS
Korean People's Army art Troupe
North Korea attaches great importance to the popularization of music and songs. 2005 Labor news ", Korean Central Television To highlight the song" Blue sky of the motherland At the beginning of the New Year in 2006, Rodong Sinmun successively published two new songs recommended to the whole country: "Song of the First Military Revolution" and "Song of the General March". Leave what to the motherland ".
North Korean artists have created many Win universal praise The song," Song of General Kim Il Sung "The Star of Korea" and "The Song of Gay Love" are three famous songs in North Korea.
ART
The three major art creation bases in North Korea are Mansudae Creative House, North Korea Central Fine Arts Creation Agency and People's Army Fine Arts Creation Agency.

Military affairs

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EDITOR

Military strength

Subject article: Korean People's Army
To guide the artillery training of mortar units of the Korean People's Army
Korean People's Army It was officially established on February 8, 1948, and was formerly established in Northeast China on April 25, 1932 The Korean People's Revolutionary Army .
The Korean People's Army always upholds the absolute leadership of the leader and the party over the army, and will defend the security of the leader and the Party Central Committee, safeguard the sovereignty and dignity of the country, and actively participate Socialist revolution With the construction of the cause as their sacred mission. The DPRK government has a Ministry of People's Armed Forces, and the standing armed forces are Korean People's Army It is divided into three services, namely land, sea and air, with an active force of 1.1 million. The permanent leading organ is General staff headquarters And the general Political Bureau, there are three North Korean workers and peasants Red Guard Army, North Korean Red Youth Guard Army, and North Korean instruction team militia Organization, Reserve service It has more than 7 million troops.

National defense system

  • Institutional system
The command system of the North Korean military is a typical command-military system. The Supreme commander of the armed forces is the chairman of the National Defense Commission of the DPRK Supreme Commander of the Korean People's Army . Specific military command is under the responsibility of the National Defense Commission.
The WPK has a Central Military Commission and a Military Department. The Ministry of the People's Armed Forces is set up under the National Defence Commission. The standing armed forces of the Korean People's Army are divided into three services, namely the army, the Navy and the air Force, and the permanent leading organs are the General Staff and the General Political Bureau.
North Korean practice Universal compulsory military service . Service period: Army 6-8 years, Navy 5-10 years, Air Force 3-4 years. conscript Can serve up to age 40.
Military expenditure Expenditure accounts for about 14.4% of the state's fiscal expenditure. In 2005, defense expenditure accounted for 15.9 percent of the total state budget expenditure and 41.3 percent for the development of the national economy. Expenditure on the agricultural sector increased by 32.5 per cent over 2004. Total state budget spending in 2006 was 3.5 per cent higher than in 2005.
  • Military rank
Korean People's Army rank
The military ranks are divided into 5 grades and 21 levels, that is general Above Level 7 ( Grand marshal , marshal , Vice marshal , Senior general , admiral , Lieutenant general , Major general ), Officer Level 4 ( Senior colonel , colonel , Lieutenant colonel , major ), A junior officer Lv.4 ( Senior captain , captain , lieutenant , sublieutenant ), Sergeant Class 4 (Special Staff Sergeant, Chief petty officer , Sergeant , Petty officer second class ), Soldier Level 2 ( Private first class , junior private). The highest rank in the Korean People's Army is Grand Marshal. Kim Il-sung was awarded the rank of Grand Marshal in April 1992, and Kim Jong-il was posthumously awarded the rank of Grand Marshal in February 2012.
  • Military treaty
1. Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea Treaty of Friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance between the Soviet Union and the DPRK (Treaty signed on July 6, 1961; The Treaty was abolished on 2 June 1994.)
2. 's Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance between the People's Republic of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea " 中朝友好合作互助条约 (Treaty signed on July 11, 1961; The treaty is automatically renewed in 2021.)
  • Korean nuclear issue
North Korea declared it in 2005 Nuclear weapon It was conducted four times in 2006, 2009, 2013 and 2016 Nuclear test . On January 6, 2016, North Korea launched its first missile Hydrogen bomb Successful test.
On December 13, 2019, between 22:41 and 48pm, North Korea was in Sohae Satellite Launch Site For another major test, North Korean defense scientists were warmly congratulated by the party Central Committee there. The report did not say what the tests involved. The statement also said that the recent national defense scientific research achievements made by the DPRK will be applied to further consolidate the DPRK's reliable strategic nuclear war deterrence. [6]
On September 30, 2021, Academy of National Defense Science Successfully test-fired a newly developed one Antiaircraft missile The purpose is to confirm the integrated combat performance of the missile and the operational practicability of the launcher, radar, and integrated combat command vehicle. [14]
On the afternoon of October 19, 2021 (local time), South Korea's Joint Chiefs of Staff continued to release information that North Korea launched a missile into the east sea of the peninsula from the sea around Sinpo, South Hamgyong Province, at around 10:17 a.m. on the same day. The South Korean military said that after analyzing the DPRK's suspected launch of a short-range submarine-launched ballistic missile, the relevant launch data and other information are still being further analyzed. South Korea called on North Korea to show dialogue [15]
On January 5, 2022, North Korea's Academy of National Defense Science announced the test Hypersonic missile Zero deviation hit a target 700 kilometers away. This means that the missile can perform lateral irregular maneuvers in horizontal flight at a predetermined altitude. It was North Korea's first launch of a MARV-shaped hypersonic missile with wings on both sides, allowing the missile to change course at the end of its flight and disrupt anti-missile systems. [17]
On January 19, 2024, the Korean Central News Agency broadcast a statement by the spokesman of the DPRK Defense Ministry, saying that the DPRK conducted a test of an underwater nuclear weapon system. [26] This is in response to a joint naval exercise recently held by the United States, Japan and South Korea.
On February 12, 2024, local time, CCTV News client quoted KCNA as reporting that the North Korean Academy of National Defense Science has successfully developed controllable rocket shells and ballistic control systems One. [28]

traffic

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EDITOR

railway

Railways are the main means of transport in North Korea. The total length of railways is more than 8,800 kilometers, and the total length of electrified railways is more than 2,000 kilometers, and the electrification of trunk railways has been basically realized in 1993. The proportion of electric locomotive traction is more than 90%. The main routes are Pyongyang-Sinuiju, Pyongyang-Wonsan-Chongjin, and Pyongyang-Kaesong. Due to the lack of power, the roadbed is in disrepair, the lack of rails and locomotives, freight cars and spare parts, and the railway transportation conditions are poor. There are international trains between Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, and Beijing, China, and there are railways connecting Russia and South Korea.
The main railway transportation ports between North Korea and China include Dandong - Sinuiju, Tumen - Namyang, Jian-Manpo, etc. The railway between Khasan, Russia and Rajin, North Korea was opened in September 2013; The two Koreas are connected by the Gyeongui Line and the Donghae Line railway, both of which were test-operated on May 17, 2007, and the Gyeongui Line was also opened for freight transport in December 2007, but was suspended indefinitely due to deteriorating inter-Korean relations. Pyongyang, the capital of North Korea, also has a subway, which was completed in September 1973. [21]

highroad

The total length of roads in North Korea is about 77,500 kilometers. All provinces (equivalent to Chinese provinces), cities and counties (equivalent to Chinese counties) in North Korea are connected to roads. The Pyongyang-Nampo, Pyongyang-Wonsan, Pyongyang-Kaesong and Pyongyang-Myohyang Expressways have been built (not completely closed, and the road condition is different from the normal meaning of expressways). The roads in and around large and medium-sized cities such as Pyongyang are spacious and in good condition, but the local roads and roads leading to the border are of low grade, basically dirt roads, and the road condition is poor. The border between China and North Korea is long, with a number of road transport ports, including Dandong - Sinuiju, Tumen - Namyang, Quanhe - Wonting, Linjiang - Zhongjiang, Nanping - Musan, Sanhe - Huining, Kaeshantun - Sanfeng, Changbai - Huishan, Gucheng Sanchang and so on. [21]

Water transport

The west coast of North Korea has Nampo port, Haeju port, Songlin port; On the east coast, there are Chongjin Port, Najin Port, Gimchaek Port, Hungnam Port, Dancheon Port, Wonsan Port, and Sonbong Port. Nampo port is the largest trading port in North Korea and has ferry connections with more than a dozen major ports in the world. North Korea's port handling capacity is about 40 million tons, and the total tonnage of ships is estimated at 900,000 tons. [21]

Air freight

Pyongyang Sunan Airport is an international airport with access to Peking , Shenyang (in Liaoning Province) , Russia the Vladivostok International flights to other cities. [21]

society

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EDITOR

education

Kim Il Sung University
North Korea has 12 years of compulsory education. There are Colleges and universities More than 300 schools, Technical secondary school More than 570. Famous universities have Kim Il Sung University , Kim Chaek University of Technology , Kim Hyung Jik University of Education And Renmin University of Economics and so on. College and college students enjoy State grant . There are more than 1.7 million intellectuals in China.

communication

Mobile phone service was opened to the general public in 2009. On December 15, 2008, Olascom Telecom of Egypt was officially opened in Pyongyang, North Korea 3G mobile phone Communication. On January 7, 2013, North Korea relaxed restrictions on communication services, allowing foreigners visiting North Korea to bring mobile phones into the country and use them in North Korea. When entering North Korea, foreigners only need to fill in the International Mobile Device Identification number of their mobile phones at the North Korean customs. IMEI After registration, you can bring your mobile phone into North Korea, but you can only make international calls, not domestic calls and Internet access.
North Korea has built a nationwide, regional network of free computers for the domestic masses, known as" Guangming.com ". After the vigorous promotion of the North Korean government, in recent years, North Korea's primary and secondary schools, children's palaces, colleges and universities, government agencies, factories and libraries have provided a large number of self-developed Korean language operating systems for people to use at will. In February 2013, the DPRK further relaxed the control of communication services, providing foreigners in the DPRK with 3G network mobile Internet service, allowing foreigners who live in the DPRK for a long time to use mobile phones, ipads and other mobile devices to access the Internet, including use Twitter or Skype . However, the service is not available to North Korean residents or foreign tourists on temporary visits.
North Korea has a national postal system. The Korean Ministry of Trade and its foreign transport societies and DHL , TNT Companies cooperate to provide international express services. [21]

medium

The main newspapers are: Labor news ", official newspaper of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, circulation 1.5 million; " Democratic Korea The Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly and the organ of the Cabinet; " Hard worker "Magazine, monthly magazine, organ of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, circulation 300,000. There's also "Korean People's Army," "Young Avant-Garde," Pyongyang News "And so on. The Chosun Foreign Languages Press publishes magazines in various foreign languages. North Korea today "And illustrated" Korea ". It also publishes a weekly newspaper, The Pyongyang Times, in English and French.
Korean Central News Agency : Kcna, the state news agency, was established on December 5, 1946. It publishes a daily newspaper such as Chosun Central News.
Korean Central Broadcasting Station : It was founded on 14 October 1945 as the national Radio station. In addition to broadcasting in Korean, it also broadcasts in various foreign languages.
Korean Central Television And Kaesong TV began broadcasting in the 1960s; Mansudae TV It was broadcast in late 1983. [2]

diplomacy

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EDITOR
The DPRK pursues a foreign policy of "independence, peace and friendship" and advocates the development of foreign relations in accordance with the principles of complete equality, independence, mutual respect, non-interference in each other's internal affairs and mutual benefit. North Korea became a full member of the "Group of 77" in May 1975, formally joined the Non-Aligned Movement in August of the same year, joined the United Nations in September 1991, and joined the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) in July 2000. North Korea has diplomatic relations with more than 160 countries, including the European Union.

China-north Korea relations

On October 6, 1949, China and North Korea established diplomatic relations. [7]
In 1950, Korean War After the outbreak, China sent Chinese People's Volunteer Army Supporting North Korea, fighting side by side with the North Korean army and people, fighting against the United States and South Korea, and finally forcing the United States to sign an armistice agreement.
Zhou Enlai and Kim Il Sung
On July 11, 1961, the two countries signed the treaty 中朝友好合作互助条约 ". China and the DPRK have always maintained the traditional good-neighborly, friendly and cooperative relations. Since the Korean War, China has overcome its own severe economic difficulties and provided tens of billions of yuan in funds and millions of tons of materials to the DPRK free of charge. China has also been selling minerals to North Korea at very low prices. China and the DPRK announced the establishment of the Rason Economic and Trade Zone Management Committee and the Hwanggumpyong and Wihwa Island Economic Zone Management Committee.
20-24 April 2012 - Alternate Member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, Secretary of the Central Committee and Director of the International Department Kim Young-il Led the Workers' Party of Korea delegation to China, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and State President Hu Jintao See you.
He was head of the International Department of the CPC Central Committee from July 30 to August 3, 2012 Wang Jiarui He led a delegation to pay a friendly visit to the DPRK and met with Kim Jong-un, First Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and First Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the DPRK.
In July 2013, he was a member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Vice President of the State Li Yuanchao Led a Chinese delegation to the DPRK and attended the commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the armistice of the Korean War, and met with Kim Jong UN, First Chairman of the National Defense Commission of the DPRK.
August 14, 2017, for execution UN Security Council Resolution 2371 According to the Foreign Trade Law of the People's Republic of China ", Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China , General Administration of Customs Regulatory measures have been taken on some products involved in the import and export trade of the DPRK. [8]
习近平和金正恩在观看演出
Should be General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee , President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping Chairman of the Workers' Party of Korea and Chairman of the State Affairs Commission Kim Jong UN is invited to pay a visit to China from January 7 to 10, 2019. [9] 2019年6月20日至21日，中共中央总书记、中华人民共和国主席习近平应邀对朝鲜进行国事访问。 [10]
China and the DPRK have maintained exchanges and cooperation in culture, education, science and technology, sports and other fields. The two sides have signed a number of treaties and agreements such as the Treaty of friendship, cooperation and mutual Assistance, the Agreement on trade and navigation, the Agreement on air transport and the agreement on consular affairs, and have signed exchange programs in education, science and technology, sports and other sectors every year. China in North Korea Chongjin There is a consulate general of North Korea in China Shenyang (in Liaoning Province) and Hong Kong Special Administrative Region It has a Consulate General and a Dandong Consular Office of the Consulate General in Shenyang. China's Shanghai, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan and other provinces and cities respectively with the DPRK South Hamgyong Province , Gangwon-do , Hwanghainam Road , South Pyongan province The friendship between provinces and cities has been established. [2]
The trade volume between China and the DPRK in 2023 will reach 2.3 billion US dollars. Of that, China exported $2 billion to North Korea and imported $290 million from North Korea. [2] [22]

Inter-korean relations

Subject article: Inter-korean relations
After the armistice of the Korean War, the Korean Peninsula has been in a state of political opposition, military confrontation and economic isolation for a long time. From September 1990 to December 1991, the DPRK and the ROK held five prime ministers' talks, signed the Agreement on Inter-Korean Reconciliation, Non-aggression and Exchange and Cooperation, and issued the Joint Declaration on the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, which improved inter-Korean relations. Since then, inter-Korean relations have cooled due to the death of Kim Il Sung and the North Korean nuclear issue.
From 1998 to 2008, the two governments of Kim Dae-jung and Roh Moo-hyun respectively pursued the "Sunshine Policy" and "Peace and prosperity policy" towards the DPRK and promoted inter-Korean reconciliation and cooperation. In June 2000 and October 2007, Kim Dae-jung , Roh Moo-hyun Visited the DPRK separately, held a summit meeting with Kim Jong-il, and issued a report North-south Joint Declaration Declaration on the Development, Peace and Prosperity of North-South Relations. During this period, the DPRK and the ROK held many official talks and a series of non-governmental exchange activities, and signed a number of cooperation agreements.
From 2008 to 2016 Lee Myung-bak , Park Geun-hye During his tenure as South Korean president, inter-Korean relations had their ups and downs. In February 2014, the two sides held high-level talks and a meeting of separated families. In August and October 2015, the two sides held high-level consultations and meetings with separated families. In February 2016, South Korea closed the Kaesong Industrial Park.
North Korea border - Panmunjom
Dprk-rok relations made positive progress in 2018. In January, the two sides restarted Board shop hotline On the West Sea military hotline, high-level talks were held. In February, the DPRK sent a high-level delegation to the meeting Pyeongchang Winter Olympics in South Korea Opening and Closing ceremonies. Chairman Kim Jong UN met and visited the DPRK in March Presidents of South Korea Special envoy Chung Eui-yong . In April, Chairman Kim Jong UN and President Moon Jae-in held their first meeting at Panmunjom and issued a statement on the issue. Panmunjom Declaration ". The two sides met again in May. In September, Moon Jae-in The President visited the DPRK, the two sides met for the third time and signed the" Pyongyang Joint Declaration ". In the same month, the Inter-Korean Joint Liaison Office was officially established. In October, the two sides held the 10th North-South general-level military talks and mountain forest cooperation meeting. In December, the military of the DPRK and the ROK conducted mutual inspection on the pilot demolition of guard posts in the demilitarized Zone. In the same month, the DPRK and the ROK held a groundbreaking ceremony for the railway and road connection project in Panmunjom.
In June 2019, President Moon Jae-in accompanied US President Donald Trump to the Demilitarized Zone and met with Chairman Kim Jong UN at Panmunjom. In August, President Moon Jae-in announced Liberation Day The speech called for the promotion of North-South dialogue and reconciliation and cooperation, while the DPRK said it had no intention to talk with the ROK again. In October, Chairman Kim Jong UN ordered the dismantlement Kumgang Mountain South Korean facilities in the tourist zone, the South Korean side proposed to hold consultations on this, the DPRK side refused. In November, President Moon Jae-in invited Chairman Kim Jong UN to attend the RoK-ASEAN special summit, but the DPRK refused.
Inter-korean leaders meet
In March 2020, Chairman Kim Jong UN and President Moon Jae-in exchanged letters on the fight against COVID-19. May 2020, Han North Korean defector Groups near the military branch line to a large number of air leaflets, toward the strong reaction. In June, Chairman Kim Jong UN presided over a meeting of the Central Military Commission of the DPRK and decided to shelve the military action plan against the ROK, which eased the tension between the two Koreas. In September, Chairman Kim Jong UN and President Moon Jae-in exchanged letters and messages of condolences on the epidemic, typhoons, storms and other disasters. In October, Chairman Kim Jong UN said in his speech at the military parade marking the 75th anniversary of the founding of the DPRK that he looked forward to another early handshake between the DPRK and the ROK.
In January 2021, Chairman Kim Jong UN said in his speech at the National Congress of the DPRK that the improvement of North-South relations depends on the attitude of the South. President Moon Jae-in said at the New Year's press conference that he is ready to meet with Chairman Kim Jong UN at any time. In July, the two Koreas reopened the communication line, which was later suspended due to joint military exercises between South Korea and the United States and resumed in October.
In April 2022, Chairman Kim Jong UN and President Moon Jae-in exchanged personal letters. President Moon Jae-in called on the two sides to break the confrontation through dialogue and hoped that the DPRK and the US would resume dialogue at an early date. Chairman Kim Jong UN said that if the DPRK and the ROK continue to make efforts, the inter-Korean relations will surely develop. The same month, as President Moon Jae-in was about to leave office, the leaders of the two Koreas exchanged personal letters. In May, Yin Xiyue In his inaugural speech, the president said he would open the door to dialogue for a peaceful resolution of the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula. In August, President Yoon Seok-yeol attended Liberation Day He also delivered a speech at the 77th anniversary ceremony, proposing a "bold vision" of a roadmap for North Korea policy. Vice Minister of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea Kim Yo Jong Made a statement refuting it.
In December 2023, Chairman Kim Jong UN said at an expanded meeting of the Ninth Plenary session of the eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea that the relations between the North and the South are no longer a relationship of the same clan, but a relationship between two hostile countries, two belligerents in a state of war.
On January 10, 2024, KCNA reported that the general secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and Chairman of The State Council Kim Jong UN, during a recent inspection of the country's important arms factory, said that the ROK is the "main enemy" of the DPRK, and stressed that the top priority of the relations with the ROK is to strengthen the national defense force and nuclear war deterrence. [25]
On February 7, 2024, the 30th plenary session of the Standing Committee of the 14th Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK unanimously adopted the executive order of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK on the repeal of the Law on North-South Economic Cooperation of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, the Law on the Mount Kumgang International Tourism Special Zone and its implementation Regulations, and the Agreement related to North-South Economic Cooperation. This means that North Korea has scrapped all economic cooperation agreements with South Korea. [27]

North Korea-US relations

North Korea and the United States have not established diplomatic relations.
Biden visits Panmunjom
In April 2018, Pompeo, the nominee for US Secretary of State and the Director of the Central Intelligence Agency, was appointed Trump The special envoy of the President visited the DPRK and Chairman Kim Jong-un met with him. In May, Pompeo visited the DPRK again and met with Chairman Kim Jong UN. Kim Yong Chol, Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea and Director of the United Front Work Department, visited the United States, met with President Trump, conveyed a letter from Chairman Kim Jong UN, and held talks with Pompeo. In June, Chairman Kim Jong UN and President Trump met in Singapore and signed a joint statement. In July, Pompeo visited North Korea and Kim Yong Chol Talks. North Korea has handed over the remains of 55 American soldiers to the United States. In October, Pompeo visited the DPRK and Chairman Kim Jong UN met and held talks with Kim Yong Chol.
In March 2020, President Trump sent a letter to Chairman Kim Jong UN expressing the United States' willingness to cooperate with the DPRK in the fight against COVID-19. In October, North Korean leader Kim Jong UN sent a message of condolence to President Trump over the couple's COVID-19 infection.
In his speech at the Eighth Congress of the Workers' Party of Korea in January 2021, Chairman Kim Jong UN said that the DPRK would deal with the US in accordance with the principle of "strong for strong and good for good". At the Third Plenary Session of the Eighth CPC Central Committee in June, Chairman Kim Jong UN proposed to be ready for dialogue and confrontation with the US.
In January 2022, Chairman Kim Jong UN chaired a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, calling for the development of more powerful physical means to deter the behavior of the US enemy of the DPRK, reconsidering the initiative taken by the DPRK to build mutual trust, and stepping up research to restart all suspended activities. In June, Chairman Kim Jong UN presided over an expanded meeting of the Fifth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), stressing that we should continue to strengthen national defense and adhere to the principle of "strong versus strong and head-on confrontation." In December, Chairman Kim Jong UN presided over an expanded meeting of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, and stressed that the direction of the struggle against the US and the enemy is to take concrete actions to strengthen the "physical strength" of the DPRK under the principle of "strong versus strong and head-on confrontation."
In December 2023, Chairman Kim Jong UN said at the enlarged meeting of the Ninth Plenary Session of the eighth Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea that we should continue the principle of "strong versus strong, head-on confrontation" against the United States and strive for a high-pressure offensive ultra-hardline policy.
Dprk-us summit in Singapore

Relations between Japan and North Korea

The two Koreas have yet to establish diplomatic relations.
In August 2012, the DPRK and Japan resumed inter-governmental consultations in Beijing.
In May 2013, Special Envoy of Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe Hoo Iijima Visiting North Korea, Kim Young Nam Chairman's meeting. In August, Chairman Kim Yong-nam met with Hiroki Inoki, a member of the Japanese Parliament. In September, Chairman Kim Yong-nam met with a delegation from Japan's Kyodo News Agency.
In September 2015, a delegation from Kyodo News visited the DPRK.
May 2023, Prime Minister of Japan Fumio Kishida It said it is willing to hold talks with the General secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and Chairman of The State Council Kim Jong UN on the release of the Japanese abductees without preconditions.

North Korea-Russia relations

Dprk-russia relations are developing well.
In May 2015, Chairman Kim Yong-nam attended the celebration of the 70th anniversary of Russia's victory in the Great Patriotic War.
In April 2018, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho visited Russia and met with his Russian counterpart Lavrov The foreign ministers held talks. In May, Lavrov visited the DPRK and met with Chairman Kim Jong UN. In June, Chairman Kim Yong-nam visited Russia to attend the opening ceremony of the 2018 World Cup. July: Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea and Director of the International Department Ri Su-yong Visit Russia.
Dprk-russia summit
In March 2019, Minister of State Affairs of the DPRK Kim Chang Seon I am visiting Russia. In April, the Russian Interior Minister Vladimir Kolokoltsev Visit North Korea. In the same month, Chairman Kim Jong UN visited Vladivostok, Russia Putin The president held a meeting. Vice Premier of North Korea's cabinet in September Li Longnan Attended the 5th Eastern Economic Forum in Russia. In October, the head of North Korea's Supreme People's Assembly Park Tae-sung I am visiting Russia. In November, North Korea's first vice foreign minister Choi Sun Hee I am visiting Russia.
In May 2020, President Putin awarded Chairman Kim Jong UN a medal commemorating the 75th anniversary of the victory of the Russian Defense War.
In July 2023, the Russian Minister of Defense Shoigu Led a military delegation to visit the DPRK to attend the 70th anniversary of the Korean War Armistice.
In September 2023, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea and Chairman of The State Council Kim Jong UN visited Russia and held a meeting with President Vladimir Putin.
In October 2023, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov visited the DPRK and Chairman Kim Jong UN met with him.

Dprk-malaysia relations

On March 19, 2021, due to Malaysia 17 to extradite an innocent North Korean citizen to America North Korea announced a complete break with Malaysia Diplomatic relations [11] .

Dprk-ukraine relations

On July 13, 2022 local time, Ukraine Ukraine has suspended diplomatic and economic ties with North Korea over Pyongyang's decision to recognize the independence of two eastern Ukrainian territories, the Foreign Ministry has announced. [20]

Relations with others

In August 2017, Ri Yong Ho Attendance of foreign minister The Philippines Asean Regional Forum Foreign Ministers' Meeting . In September, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho attended the 72nd session of the United Nations General Assembly. In November, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho visited China Cuba Visit. In December, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations Jeffrey Feltman Visit North Korea.
In March 2018, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho paid a visit Sweden . In April, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho paid a visit Azerbaijan , Join Non-aligned movement (NAM) Ministerial Meetings. In July, Ri Su Yong, Vice Chairman of the Central Committee and Director of the International Department of the Workers' Party of Korea, paid a visit to Cuba. In August, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho attended the ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) Foreign Ministers' Meeting in Singapore. In September, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho attended the 73rd session of the UN General Assembly and the Non-Aligned Movement Foreign Ministers' Meeting. In November, Kim Il Guk, president of the DPRK Olympic Committee and Minister of Sports, went to Japan to attend the plenary session of the Association of National and Regional Olympic Committees (ANOC). Chairman Kim Yong-nam visited Cuba and Venezuela and went to Mexico to attend the inauguration ceremony of the Mexican President. President of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers of Cuba Miguel Diaz-Canel Bermudez He visited the DPRK and held talks with its supreme leader Kim Jong-un. In December, Foreign Minister Ri Yong Ho visited Vietnam, Syria and Mongolia.
In February 2019, Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of Vietnam Pham Binh Minh Visit North Korea. In March, Chairman Kim Jong UN paid an official goodwill visit to Vietnam, meeting with General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam Central Committee and President of the State Nguyen Phu Trong They held talks and met separately with the Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyen Xuan Phuc President of the National Assembly Nguyen's gold . In August, Vice President of North Korea's Supreme People's Assembly Park Chul-min Visit Iran. In September, Chairman Choe Ryong Hae of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK met with delegations from the Workers' Party of Bangladesh and the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. In October, Choe led a delegation to Azerbaijan to attend the 18th Summit of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Wang Wenbin held a Regular press Conference on November 1, 2023. North Korea has reportedly closed 12 of its foreign embassies and consulates, including Hong Kong. 'Every country has the right to decide to establish or cancel its consular missions abroad according to its actual situation and needs,' Mr. Wang said in response. 'China respects the DPRK's decision to close its consulate General in Hong Kong.' [24]
In November 2023, following the closure of the embassies in Uganda and Angola in October, North Korea also closed its embassy in Spain and withdrew its diplomatic missions, and its related business will be represented by the North Korean Embassy in Italy.

Diplomatic relations

Kim Il Sung Square
The DPRK pursues a foreign policy of "independence, peace and friendship" and advocates the development of foreign relations in accordance with the principles of complete equality, independence, mutual respect, non-interference in each other's internal affairs and mutual benefit. North Korea became a state in May 1975 Group of 77 Full member, officially joined in August of the same year Non-aligned movement It joined the United Nations in September 1991 and in July 2000 Asean Regional Forum (ARF). North Korea has diplomatic relations with more than 160 countries, including the European Union. North Korea's foreign minister in July 2010 Park UI Chun He attended the ASEAN Regional Forum Foreign Ministers' meeting in Vietnam. Korean and America , Japan No diplomatic relations have been established, and diplomatic affairs between the United States and Japan are handled by the Swedish Embassy in North Korea.
There are embassies: China , Russia , Brazil , Bulgaria , Cambodia , Cuba , Czech Republic , Egypt , Germany , India , Indonesia, Iran , Laos , Libya , Mongolia , Nigeria , Pakistan , Palestine , Poland , Romania , Sweden , Syria , Britain , Vietnam .
With offices: Switzerland .
Consulate General in Chongjin City: China , Russia .
Under the jurisdiction of the Embassy in the People's Republic of China: Austria , Azerbaijan , Bangladesh , Botswana , Cameroon , Chile , Cyprus , Denmark , Ethiopia , Finland , Hungary , Iceland , Kazakhstan , North Macedonia , Madagascar , Malta , Oman , Rwanda , Serbia , Seychelles , Slovenia , S.Africa , Spain , Tanzania , Tunisia , Türkiye , Venezuela , Zambia , Zimbabwe .
Under the jurisdiction of the Embassy of the Republic of Korea: Algeria , Australia , Italy , Mauritius , Mexico , Netherlands , NZ , Norse , Portugal , Qatar .
Countries that have severed diplomatic ties: Argentina , Canada , Costa Rica , Fiji , Botswana [19] , Jamaica , Lesotho , Liberia , Samoa , Malaysia [12] , Jordan , Portugal [18] , Ukraine [20] .

travel

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EDITOR
The areas of North Korea that are open to foreign tourists are Pyongyang City , Nanpu City , Kaicheng , Cemetery of the Martyrs of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army in Hinokitiang, North Korea , Myohyangsan , Seven treasures Mountain , Septemberberg , Wonsan , Baekdu Mountain And other areas.
Kumgang Mountain It is a famous mountain in Korea, divided into inner diamond, outer diamond and Sea diamond. But many tourist areas are not accessible, so Chinese tourists generally only visit the Pyongyang, Kaesong and Myohyang areas. The spokesperson of the Guidance Bureau of the Mount Kumgang International Tourism Special Zone of the DPRK said on April 1, 2012 that the DPRK will open the Mount Kumgang to all tourists, the DPRK will welcome all tourists, and will make all sincerity and efforts to let tourists enjoy the beautiful scenery of Mount Kumgang.
In addition to general Tours, visitors to North Korea can enjoy the country's unique mass gymnastics show -" Arirang ".
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