Butterfly orchid

1. 1.
   Early management: In the growth stage of bottle seedlings, the optimal growth temperature is 25-28℃ during the day and 18-20℃ at night. 1.5 inch (1 m =30 inch) seedling stage growth temperature 23-28℃. The temperature of the seedlings just out of the bottle should be lower than 20℃, the relative humidity of the air should be maintained 70-80%, the light is controlled below 1000 lux through a transition period, the temperature returns to normal, the light gradually increases to 10000 lux, and finally up to 15000 lux ^[3] .
2. 2.
   Seedling management: It should not be fertilized and watered within 3-5 days after the tissue culture seedlings are out of the bottle, but it needs to be sterilized immediately. Can be carbendazim 1000 times liquid leaf surface sterilization, spray root powder every other day. After a transition period of 3-5 days, according to the dry and wet conditions of the water tundra, fertilizer was applied for the first time, and 8000 times liquid was sprayed with Huadoduo No. 10 (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 3:1:1), with the whole wet water moss as the standard. Spray the leaf surface fertilizer with 3000 times liquid of Huaduo 10 again every 1 day. Thereafter, according to the dry and wet conditions of small seedlings, the fertilization concentration was gradually increased by applying thin fertilizer frequently. After 4 months of cultivation, the small seedling grows into a medium seedling, and the tip distance is 12-15 cm, at which time it should be replaced by a transparent soft pot with a diameter of 8 cm. The management of the middle seedling stage is basically similar to that of the small seedling stage, but the light can be increased to 20,000 lux. The fertilization was applied alternately with Huadoduo No. 8 and No. 1 (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium was 2:1:2 and 2:2:2, respectively) ^[3] .
3. 3.
   Mid-term management: Seedlings after 3-4 months of cultivation into the large seedling stage, at this time should be replaced by a transparent soft pot with a diameter of 12 cm. The management method is the same as that of the middle seedling, but the fertilization is applied with the No. 1 flower Duo (the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 1:1:1). After 5 to 6 months of maturity, the large seedlings can be treated with flower promotion ^[3] .
4. 4.
   Late management: flowering period is the late growth period. Phalaenopsis flowering is caused by low temperature, so in addition to fine management, we should also control the temperature. First, the night temperature is lowered to 16-18 ° C, and flower buds are formed after 45 days. After the flower buds are formed and the pedicle length is 10 cm high, the night temperature is maintained at 18-20℃ and the day temperature is maintained at 25-28℃. It can flower after 3-4 months, and the temperature at flowering time is slightly lower, but not lower than 15℃. Water and fertilizer management in flowering period is particularly important. Watering should be done at 10 am to avoid spilling water directly onto the flowers. After watering, use an extraction fan to ventilate the shed to keep the air fresh and make the residual water dissipate as soon as possible. In the flower bud stage, the fertilization should be mainly applied to Huadoduo 15 (N, P, K ratio 3:9:5). When the pedicel is 10 cm high, the fertilization should be applied to Huadoduo 2 (N, P, K ratio 1:3:2) 1000 times, depending on the condition of the orchid itself ^[3] .

1. 1.
   pestilence It mainly occurs when the bottle seedlings are out of the bottle, transplanted and the plants change POTS. On the leaves of Phalaenopsis flower bulbs and new buds, there is no wound can be invaded, the middle of the initial water like spots, later expanded to dark green, although rotten but will not be hydrolyzed and festered, there is no odor, and finally cause the whole plant to die. Prevention is better than treatment, when the bottle seedlings out of the bottle, planting and pot change should be immediately applied 3.5% Idri, wettable powder 1500 times diluent or use phosphite with potassium hydroxide 1000 times each mixed effect is very good, once a week, 2-3 times ^[6] .
2. 2.
   Gray mold, in the winter and spring seasons of Phalaenopsis orchid, the petals are susceptible to infection in low temperature and high humidity, which reduces the quality of flowers. First on the petals and sepals appear water-soaked round spots, gradually become about 0.1-0.15 cm in size brown spots. The prevention method is to keep the temperature dry to reduce the occurrence, and the following agents can be used to treat serious cases: 50% Douning, wettable powder 2000 times liquid or 50% Ipretaine, wettable powder 1500 times liquid to spray it, disease occurs 7-10 days once, three times consecutively or 50% douching rather wet powder, 50% Yipretaine wettable powder, 23.7% Fuyuan fine water suspension powder, 50% extender agent. (Spray a few plants first to make sure there is no harm to phalaenopsis flowers before spraying) ^[6] .
3. 3.
   Anthrax, the general plant cultivation is too dense or medium temperature and wet season, especially after the plum rain season or typhoon, plant leaves are very susceptible to disease. At the beginning, the leaves produce light brown pits and small spots, gradually expand to irregular shape, the color is dark brown, and the middle of the spot will fall off and appear perforated. The control methods were to strengthen fertilizer and water management, increase plant resistance, improve cultivation environment, increase ventilation and sunshine, apply zinc fertilizer, increase leaf thickness, prevent disease invasion, and rationally use insecticides. Such as: Plac 1500 times liquid or plac manganese 2000 times liquid, and the obvious effect. Also can be 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid or imidamine 3000 times liquid, spray once a week ^[6] .
4. 4.
   White silk disease, in the high temperature and humidity near the ground of the stem is easy to occur. The plant near the ground epiphytic tissue appears water-stained disease spots, and then appears different degrees of brown to black brown gangrene, and then regenerates white silky silk to make the plant wither and die. Since most of the white silk disease is located in the soil, special attention should be paid to cleanliness and hygiene to prevent the disease, clean and clean cultivation materials and cultivation containers should be used, otherwise the cultivation medium should also be steam disinfected in advance, covered with 0.6% urea injection for a week, and maintain environmental health, when the occurrence of 50% fodonin liquid or 75% metoponin double liquid application. Once a week for 3-5 weeks ^[6] .
5. 5.
   Coal disease generally occurs in poor ventilation during cultivation, easy to occur when the sunshine is strong, sometimes it will occur when the sunshine is low, and the leaves of adult plants are also easy to occur. In the leaf margin of the adult plant leaves, the initial secretion of SAP is dense dew, and then infected with soot, the pathogen makes the green SAP turn black brown, affecting the plant ornamental. In severe cases, 5% quench, 2000 times liquid wettable powder, 1000 times wettable powder 23.7% ipon, Fuyuan Jing can be applied ^[6] .
6. 6.
   Soft rot, easily infected in hot and humid environments. Different parts of the leaves of Phalaenopsis orchid can be infected, the leaves first appear water-soaked transparent soft rot, spread quickly, resulting in plant death within a few days. The prevention and control method is to spray 30.3% platinum metin regularly in turn, soluble powder 1000 times liquid, if infected, do the whole basin to discard, to avoid infection ^[6] .

1. 1.
   Thrips, the adult larvae of thrips are photophorescent and are found mainly in the overlapping and folds of petals. It mainly harms the flowers of phalaenopsis, which is easy to find in the early stage. After the plant is damaged, horizontal stripes or spot markings appear on the petals, causing the flowers to deform and wither and dry. The control method is to trap with yellow sticky plate, usually using internal absorbent, such as spraying with 5% phoxium emulsion 1 000-1 500 times liquid ^[6] .
2. 2.
   Scale insect, parasitic orchid stem, leaf sheath, flower stalk and other parts. The growth of the plant is weak, even atrophy and death, the color of the victim is dim, and the leaves are yellowing, wilting and falling off in serious cases. Take advantage of the fact that the shell insects are fixed in one place and will not move by themselves, remove the insect together with the insect body with a soft brush, and rinse it with water, and spray dimethoate and other insects ^[6] .
3. 3.
   Slugs, hot and humid summer, most serious in the evening and night. It can chew the young tissues of plants, such as young leaves, root ends, buds, petals, etc. It causes irregular scars and holes, affecting the appearance and growth of orchids, and the disease is very fast, and many orchids can be affected in a short period of time. The use of poison bait, such as Molokine 1-2 bags shed or 10-20 kg of quick lime, boron are sprayed in their normal activities of the place to trap, or the substrate surface of the orchid sprinkled with 8% of the soil sterilizing ling granules ^[6] .
4. 4.
   Locusts are distributed on leaves or throughout the plant. Can bite the leaves, damage phalaenopsis plant body. It can be applied with a 1000-fold solution, or manually caught ^[6] .