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Malta

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The Republic of Malta (Maltese: Repubblika ta' Malta, English: Republic of Malta), also known as Malta, is located in Malta Mediterranean The central island is known as the "heart of the Mediterranean". The coastline is more than 190 kilometers long, and there are many good natural harbors. Belong to Subtropical Mediterranean climate The average annual temperature is 19.7℃, the highest temperature is 40℃, and the lowest temperature is 5℃. The average annual precipitation is 560 mm. It has an area of 316 square kilometers. It consists of five islands, of which Malta Island The largest, with an area of 245.73 square kilometers; The second largest island is Gozo It covers an area of 67.08 square kilometers. There are 67 local municipal councils in the country, of which 53 are on the island of Malta and 14 on the island of Gozo Valletta . In 2022, Malta has a population of 542,000. [1] [19]
in Carthage , Roman Republic Era, prospered by Mediterranean trade, after Arab Empire For a time, the forces of the United States ruled here. The current headquarters is located in Roman A special political entity The Knights of Malta It got its name because it occupied Malta for centuries. Between the 10th and 8th centuries BC, Phoenicians Settle down here. In 1523, Jerusalem Knights of St. John from Rhode Island He settled here in 1798 France Occupy. In 1814 British colony It declared independence in September 1964 and was founded in 1974 The Republic of Malta . Joined in 2004 European Union . [1]
2022 Horse Gross domestic product About 17.77 billion euros, an increase of 6.9%, unemployment rate of 2.8%, inflation rate of 6.2%. [17]
Chinese name
The Republic of Malta [1]
Foreign name
Republic of Malta
Abbreviated form
Malta
continent
Europe
capital
Valletta [1]
Major city
Sliema , Oh, Viloriosa , Cospicua, Sengrea, etc [1]
National Day
September 21st [1]
National song
L-Innu Malti/L-Innu Malti Maltese ode "
Country code
MLT
Official language
Maltese , English [1]
currency
Euro [1]
Time zone
UTC+1
Political system
A parliamentary republic
National leader
Miriam Spitelli de Bono [3] (President) , Robert Abella (Prime Minister)
Population number
542,000 [1] [19] (2022)
Population density
1379.8 people/km2 (2020)
Major nationality
Maltese [1]
Major religion
Catholicism [1]
Land area
316 km² [1]
Water area ratio
0.001%
Total GDP
About 17.77 billion euros [1] [15] (2022)
Per capita GDP
About 22,000 euros [1] (Year 2021)
Road access
Drive on the left
The national flower
cornflower
Electric voltage
220/240 volt
note
ㄇ naughty girl ㄦ naughty girl ㄊ naughty girl
Leading institution
University of Malta , Middlesex University Etc.

catalogue

  1. 1Historical evolution
  2. 2Geographical environment
  3. ▪Regional location
  4. ▪landform
  5. ▪Climatic characteristics
  6. ▪Jet lag
  7. 3Natural resources
  8. 4Administrative division
  9. ▪capital
  10. ▪Other cities
  11. 5National symbol
  12. ▪Country name
  13. ▪The national flower
  14. ▪National anthem
  15. ▪flag
  1. ▪National emblem
  2. 6population
  3. 7political
  4. ▪regime
  5. ▪constitution
  6. ▪congress
  7. ▪government
  8. ▪judiciary
  9. ▪Political party
  10. ▪dignitaries
  11. 8economy
  12. ▪summarize
  13. ▪currency
  14. ▪Science and technology
  15. ▪Manufacturing industry
  16. ▪agriculture
  1. ▪Finance and finance
  2. ▪tourism
  3. ▪foreign trade
  4. ▪People's livelihood
  5. 9culture
  6. ▪Language
  7. ▪religion
  8. ▪custom
  9. ▪Festivals
  10. 10Military affairs
  11. 11traffic
  12. ▪highroad
  13. ▪Air freight
  14. ▪Water transport
  15. 12society
  16. ▪ART
  1. ▪education
  2. ▪Medical treatment
  3. ▪Press and publication
  4. ▪Physical education
  5. 13diplomacy
  6. ▪Foreign policy
  7. ▪Relations with China
  8. 14Gourmet
  9. 15travel
  10. ▪Main attraction
  11. ▪Mediterranean 'Hollywood'
  12. 16immigrant
  13. ▪National debt immigration program
  14. ▪Malta passport

Historical evolution

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By 5000 BC, there had already been large-scale human activity in Malta. Megalithic Temples in Malta It is the earliest building built by splicing technology in the world, and it is also the largest Stone Age temple in Europe relic One, than Egyptian pyramids It has a long history.
From the 10th century BC onwards, Phoenicians Settle here; In the 8th century BC, Malta was conquered Hellenic It was captured by Carthage in the 4th century BC.
In 217 AD, Roman Empire It put Malta on the map and brought unprecedented civilization and prosperity to Malta, and the exquisite mosaics, baths and marble colonnades left behind at that time are testimony to the prosperity of that time. It is rumored that the missionary St. Paul was stranded in Malta for three months in 60 AD due to a shipwreck, which may have been accepted by the country Christianity The beginning of faith.
In the 4th and 5th centuries, the barbarians invaded Europe, and Malta fell for a time The Vandals and The Ostrogoths It was not restored until 533 AD Eastern Roman Empire Take control.
From the 9th century onwards, Malta was successively conquered by the Byzantine Empire, Arab Empire , Normans Rule.
In the 11th century AD, a group of mercenaries from Normandy entered southern Italy and tried to establish a new kingdom, Malta Arab He therefore agreed to pay a tribute to the mercenary commander, Count Roger de Hauteville, his son Roger II He succeeded his father and incorporated Malta into the territory in 1127, which was once again Malta Catholicism The beginning of transformation. Since Roger II established a Catholic autonomous region on the island, Malta's fate has been linked to Sicily's. In 1192, the Sicilian Admiral Margaritoin was captured Holy Roman Empire queen Constance Wait for the battle and the king Tancred He was made the first Earl of Malta.
In 1283, in Sicilian Vespers War In the middle, the Aragonese general Roger of Lauria is in Battle of Malta The destruction of the Neapolitan Navy, for The Kingdom of Aragon Take Malta.
In 1523, the Knights of St. John emigrated from Rhode Island and became Holy Roman Emperor Charles V The recognition of... The Order of St. John was later renamed the Order of Malta. It's from 1565 Siege of Malta The Knights defeated the Ottoman army in the most important battle in Maltese history, as it prevented the Ottoman Empire from expanding into Western Europe.
In 1798, Napoleon Landing at Malta with the Toulon fleet in Egypt, he violated Malta's neutrality and induced the Grand Master to refuse his landing, using this as an excuse to expel the Horsemen and seize Malta.
In 1800, at the request of the Maltese people, the British succeeded the French in settling there.
The 1815 book Treaty of Paris Malta was assigned to the British, and from then on Malta became the Mediterranean fortress of the British Empire leading to India.
On 21 September 1964, Malta officially declared its independence.
In 1974, the Republic of Malta was formally established.
On 9 June 2022, the United Nations General Assembly voted to elect Malta, receiving 185 votes The Security Council Non-permanent members. The term of office begins on January 1, 2023 and lasts for two years. [11]

Geographical environment

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Regional location

Subdivisions of Malta
Malta is located in Southern Europe , border on Italy , from Italy Sicily 90 kilometers to the south, Tunisia 284 km to the east, Libya 333 km to the north, it is an important transit point between Europe and Africa. In terms of military strategy, Malta, as a naval base, has become a battleground for soldiers and is known as the "heart of the Mediterranean". Malta is also a world-famous tourist destination, known as the "Back garden of Europe". In 1942, Malta was annexed by the British Crown King George VI confer George Cross In recognition of the entire nation of Malta World War II As a result, the George Cross was painted on the flag of Malta. National order of Malta Malta Island , Gozo Five small islands, Comino, Cominoto and Ferfra, have a coastline of more than 190 kilometers [4] .
It has an area of 316 square kilometers. It is mainly composed of five islands, of which Malta is the largest, with an area of 245.73 square kilometers; The second largest island is Gozo with an area of 67.08 square kilometers. [1]

landform

Malta island is high in the west and low in the east, with rolling hills and small basins between them. [6]

Climatic characteristics

Malta has a subtropical Mediterranean climate with rainy winters and high temperatures and dry summers.
The average temperature is 25℃ in summer and 15℃ in winter. The average temperature throughout the year is 21.3℃, the highest temperature is 40℃, and the lowest temperature is 5℃. The average annual precipitation is 560 mm.
Malta's winter rainy season takes place from November to March. [5]

Jet lag

Malta is in time zone 1 East. Daylight saving Time (April-October) and Beijing time difference of 6 hours, the rest of the time difference of 7 hours.

Natural resources

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non-construction limestone In addition, there are no mineral resources, and oil and natural gas are completely dependent on imports. Solar and wind energy resources are abundant, but the development is insufficient, and the use rate of alternative energy is only 0.36%. Fresh water resources are scarce, and 55% of domestic water use depends on seawater desalination. [4]

Administrative division

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There are 67 local municipal councils in the country, 53 on Malta and 14 on Gozo. [1]
Malta is divided into six statistical areas: Southport, which covers an area of 26 square kilometres; The northern area is 74 square kilometers; North Port covers an area of 24 square kilometers; Southeast area of 50 square kilometers; The western part covers 73 square kilometers; Gozo Comino has an area of 69 square kilometers. [6]

capital

Valletta (Valletta), 0.8 square kilometers, population about 7,000. [4] [16] Located on a narrow peninsula in the Maltese Bay at the northeast end of Malta Island, it is a famous European cultural city. Knights of St. John Named after the sixth chief, La Valletta, it is the national political, cultural and commercial centre of Malta. It has many interesting nicknames, such as "The City of the Knights of St. John", "The City of the Knights of St. John", Baroque The Great masterpiece ", "European Art City" and so on.
Malta's largest natural port - the Grand Port is located between the capital Valletta and the three ancient cities of Bilgu, Sengrea and Cospica, the port area coastline is 15.56 kilometers long, and tons of cargo ships can enter the port for loading and unloading, with an annual throughput of 1.6 million tons. There are a number of deep-water docks and facilities for loading and unloading, refueling and grain storage. [6]

Other cities

Sliema (Sliema), located in the northeast of Malta Island, an area of 1.3 square kilometers, the city has a seaside resort, an area of 1.3 square kilometers, the highest point is 35 meters above sea level, the area has been inhabited since prehistoric times.
Three sister cities
Oh, Viloriosa Together with Cospicua and Senglea, it formed the famous three towns of medieval Malta.
Villoriosa, formerly known as Birgo, is an ancient city in eastern Malta, located on a small peninsula south of Valletta, near the Grand Harbor, is the most famous of the three sister cities, and is the earliest habitat of the "Knights of St. John" in Malta. In 1565, he built a fortress to resist the siege of the Turks and changed his name after victory. The city is home to the 870 AD castle of the Martial Arts, as well as many old hostels from the 16th century.
The city of Cospica is the largest of the three cities. Originally known as Bormla, it was given its current name, meaning "bravery", by the Knights of St John for the "heroic" actions of the local people during the Great Siege of 1565. Today, the city's coastline is lined with old shipyards, and the city's landmarks are the Margherita Sea line, which survived World War II, and the Immaculate Conception Parish Church, which houses a wealth of treasures.
Senglea is located on a narrow headland opposite Valletta's grand Quay. Its original name is L-Isla, which means peninsula in Maltese. During World War II, 75% of the buildings here were destroyed. Today, the city is best known for its Gardjola Gardens across the water from Valletta. In the garden, there is a watchpost in the shape of a bunker, which means that it is guarding the security of the harbor. On this prominent outpost can be found the famous" The Eye of Horus ".

National symbol

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Country name

The official name of Malta is Repubblika ta' Malta in Maltese and Republic of Malta in English. The Chinese name is the Republic of Malta, commonly known as Malta. The origin of the word "Malta" is unknown. Common etymologists think it comes from Greek language μ△ λι (sound meli), meaning honey. The Greeks called the island Μελίτη (sound Melite), meaning "honey" or "sweet", or because Malta produces a unique taste of honey, so the nickname "honey land". Greece had a strong influence on the island since 700 BC, and the Greek-speaking Eastern Roman Empire ruled Malta from 395 to 870 AD. The other word "Malta" comes from Phoenician "Maleth" means "haven." [2]

The national flower

cornflower It's Maltese. The national flower This flower was originally born in Europe, this is a kind of wild flowers, after years of cultivation, its "wild" less, flowers become larger color become more, purple, blue, light red, white and other varieties, of which purple, blue is the most expensive. [7]

National anthem

The national anthem of Malta is" Maltese ode ".
The Maltese national consciousness was awakened in the mid-19th century and gradually formed in 1930. There were calls for Malta to adopt its own national anthem. The "Ode to Malta" was first performed on December 27, 1922, by Dun Karm Psaila, a well-known local religious and patriotic poet.

flag

Flag of Malta
Flag of Malta Rectangular in shape, the ratio of length to width is 3:2. The flag is composed of two equal vertical rectangles, the left side is white, the right side is red; In the upper left corner is a silver gray with a red border George Cross Pattern. White symbolizes purity, red symbolizes the blood of a warrior. The origin of the George Cross: The Maltese people fought bravely during World War II, cooperating with the Allies to crush the German and Italian fascist attacks, and were captured by the British King in 1942 King George VI Awarded the Medal of the Cross. Later, the medal was painted on the national flag, and when Malta became independent in 1964, a red border was added around the medal. [2]

National emblem

Arms of Malta
Arms of Malta Opened in 1988, for Coat of arms The design is the same as the national flag.
A round crown with five flaps and a buffer gate. The left and right are decorated with olive and palm branches, and the lower sash reads "Republic of Malta". [2]

population

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Malta Population 542,000 (2022). The majority are Maltese, making up 88.2% of the population, with the rest being Arabs, Italians, British, etc. The official language is Maltese And English. Catholicism is the state religion, while the rest are mainly Protestant and Eastern Orthodox. [1] 18 [19]

political

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regime

Prime minister's office
Malta is a republic with a policy of neutrality. After coming to power in September 1998, the National Party of Malta made a great adjustment to the domestic and foreign policies of Malta, and implemented a series of reform measures in the fields of finance, finance, taxation, justice, education and health care. The application for accession to the European Union was resumed, accession negotiations were reopened and significant progress was made in late 2002 European Union To conclude negotiations on Malta's accession to the European Union. In March 2003, a referendum was held in which 53% of the population voted in favour of joining the European Union. On April 16, the EU officially signed the accession treaty with the EU. It joined the European Union on 1 May 2004. In April 2003, the KMT returned to power. We will further strengthen relations with countries on both sides of the Mediterranean and continue to play a bridging role in Euro-Mediterranean cooperation. [2] After joining the European Union on 1 May 2004, Malaysia accelerated its integration into the European Union. Domestically, the Maldives has made major adjustments to its economic and social policies and implemented a series of reform measures in the areas of finance, finance, taxation, justice, education and health care, and the economy has begun to improve. It joined the Schengen Area in December 2007 and adopted the euro in January 2008. Externally, we will strengthen friendly relations with EU members, consolidate cooperation with countries on the northern and southern shores of the Mediterranean, promote cooperation between the EU and the League of Arab States, support the establishment of the Union for the Mediterranean, and continue to develop relations with the United States, Russia, China, India, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Turkey and other countries outside the region and emerging powers. First EU presidency in the first half of 2017. [4]

constitution

On September 21, 1964, the independent Constitution was promulgated and implemented Constitutional monarchy The Queen is the head of state. A constitutional amendment was passed on 13 December 1974 to become a republic, with the President as Head of State (elected by a vote of not less than two-thirds of the members of Parliament), but remaining within the Commonwealth. [1]

congress

The unicameral, known as the House of Representatives, is elected by popular vote for a five-year term as the legislature. The current parliament was elected in March 2022 and currently has 79 seats, including 43 from the Labor Party (ruling party), 35 from the National Party (opposition party) and 1 independent member. Speaker Angel luFarrugia is a teer. [23]

government

The general election was held in March 2022, and Prime Minister Abella led the Labor Party to a second term with 55.1% of the vote. Other members of the current cabinet include ChrisFearne, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for European Funds, Social Dialogue and Consumer Rights; Ian Bosch, Minister for Foreign Affairs, European Affairs and Trade; Silvio Schenbri, Minister for Economy, Enterprise and Strategic Engineering; ChrisBonett, Minister of Transport, Infrastructure and Public Affairs; MiriamDalli, Minister of Environment, Energy and Greater Port Renewal; StefanZrinzo Azopardi, Minister of Land and Electoral Programme Implementation; ByronCamilleri, Minister for Home Affairs, Security, Reform and Equalities; OwenBonnici, Minister for National Heritage, Arts and Local Government; ClydeCaruana, Minister for Finance and Employment; CliftonGrima, Minister of Education, Sport, Youth, Research and Innovation; ClintCamilleri, Minister of Gozo Affairs and Planning; MichaelFalzon, Minister of Social Policy and Children's Rights; Minister of Inclusion and Voluntary Organisations Yulia FarrugiaPortelli, Minister of Justice and Construction Sector Reform JonathanAttard, Minister of Tourism and Public Cleanliness ClaytonBartolo, Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Animal Rights AntonRefalo, Minister of Social Housing RoderickGaldes, Minister of Health and Ageing Response Jo-EtienneAbela and others. [23]

judiciary

The High Court is the highest judicial body, consisting of a Chief Justice and 21 justices appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Prime Minister and retiring at the age of 65. Chief Justice MarkChetcuti, who takes office in 2020. Attorney General VictoriaButtigieg will take office in 2020. [1] [23]

Political party

Political party
Establishment time
introduce
Labour Party (Partit Laburista)
The year 1921
Ruling party, centre-left, member of the Party of European Socialists. Early party members were mostly working-class. Internally, we advocate equal rights, pay attention to vulnerable groups, establish a welfare society, develop an independent economy, participate in the management of trade unions, and sell some shares in state-owned enterprises. Externally, it advocates neutrality and non-alignment, does not join any military blocs, and attaches importance to relations with Mediterranean countries. The current party leader, Robert Abella, was elected in January 2020. On March 28, 2022, the official results of the Malta parliamentary election were announced, and the ruling Labour Party won the general election with 55.1% of the vote over the opposition National Party with 41.7% of the vote. Labor Party leader and current Prime Minister Abella was sworn in as prime minister in the capital Valletta on the same day.
National Party (Partit Nazzjonalista)
The year 1880
Member of the main opposition party, centre-right, People's Party for Europe. Early party members were mainly businessmen, teachers, lawyers, and farmers. Internally, it advocates building Malaysia into a Catholic, European traditional and national spirit, free and just democratic country, protecting domestic traditions and ways of life, advocating environmental protection, and opposing excessive development and the introduction of foreign immigrants and labor. In recent years, its political stance has become more moderate. Externally, we stand for strengthening cooperation with European countries and Mediterranean countries. The current party leader, BernardGrech, was elected in October 2020 and reelected in May 2022.
Reference material [2-4] [10] [23]
President George Villa

dignitaries

Miriam Spitelli de Bono : The President. Born in October 1952, he graduated from the University of Malta. He served as the Speaker of the Parliament from 1996 to 1998, and was the only female speaker in Malaysia. He becomes president in April 2024. [22]
Prime Minister Robert Abella
Robert Abella: Prime Minister, Leader of the Labour Party. Born in December 1977, Doctor of Law, University of Malta, son of the 8th President of Malta, George Abella (2009-2014). He has been a lawyer for a long time. He was first elected to parliament in 2017 and served as legal adviser to then-Prime Minister Muscat. He becomes Prime Minister in January 2020. [1] [13] [23]
Chris Fein: Deputy Prime Minister.
Joe Etienne Abella: Minister of Health.
Chris Burnett: Minister for Transport and Infrastructure. [20]

economy

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summarize

The horse is poor in natural resources, shortage of technical personnel, weak industrial base, basic dependence on food imports, and long-term deficit in foreign trade. Tourism is a traditional pillar industry and the main source of foreign exchange. Shipbuilding and ship repair were developed. After joining the European Union in 2004, the government received a large amount of aid. At the same time, the government launched a series of reforms to adjust the economic structure, and the macroeconomic situation continued to improve. In 2023, the GDP is about 20.958 billion US dollars, an increase of 5.8%, and the per capita GDP is about 38,700 US dollars, an increase of 11%. The unemployment rate is 3.2% (February 2024) and the inflation rate is 3.0% (February 2024). [1] [23]

currency

Since joining the euro in 2008, Malta has used the currency Euro The previous currency used in Malta was Maltese lira The Maltese lira was once the second most valuable currency in circulation in the world.

Science and technology

Malta's scientific and technological level is relatively backward among EU member states. In 2019, the Maltese Government continued to increase its research and development budget allocation in socio-economic target areas, totalling €29.941 million. Among them, the budget for environmental research and development is 3.213 million euros, for health 6.234 million euros, for education 3.016 million euros, for culture, entertainment and religious undertakings 4.885 million euros, for industrial products and technologies 5.465 million euros, and for the structure of social and political systems 5.059 million euros. [12]
The Maltese government has signed a cooperation agreement with the European Space Agency (ESA), hoping for deeper cooperation on ESA projects.

Manufacturing industry

Manufacturing output has been declining in recent years, GDP The proportion is lower than the overall level of Western countries; Employees account for less than 20% of the total labor force. The main products are electronic, chemical, mechanical equipment, medicine, food and beverage. [4] [13]

agriculture

Due to a severe water shortage, agriculture in Malta is limited, with an area of about 9,000 hectares of arable land. The output value of agriculture, forestry and fisheries accounts for less than 1% of the total economic output value of the horse, and the full-time agricultural population is about 1,600 (October 2020). Grain, milk, vegetable oil, fruit and so on are mostly dependent on imports. [1]

Finance and finance

After joining the EU, the public finances of the Maldives are generally in good shape, and positive results have been achieved in terms of GDP growth, structural deficit reduction and public debt reduction. In 2023, the fiscal revenue of 6.413 billion euros, expenditure of 7.221 billion euros, the fiscal deficit of 808 million euros, down 8.7%. Central government debt in 2023 is about 9.74 billion euros. [23]

tourism

Malta
Tourism is a pillar of the economy and a major source of foreign exchange. In 2020, European countries introduced travel restrictions in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, and the number of tourists to the Maldives dropped to about 660,000, down 76.1% year-on-year. In the first half of 2021, about 140,000 tourists visited Malaysia, down 62.3% year-on-year. In July 2022, the Malaysian government announced the complete lifting of epidemic prevention and control restrictions on inbound passengers, and 2.3 million passengers were received throughout the year, recovering to 83% of the 2019 level. Britain, Italy, Germany, France, Poland and other countries are the main sources of tourists to Malaysia. According to the statistics of the Malaysian side, 2.976 million tourists visited Malaysia in 2023, an increase of 30.1% year-on-year. [23]

foreign trade

The EU has remained the largest trading partner of Malaysia. The main imports of fossil fuels, non-electronic machinery, transportation, food, etc., the main exports of electronic machinery, seafood, medical products, etc., the main import and export countries for Italy, the United Kingdom, etc. From January to November 2023, imports totaled 7.814 billion euros, down 9.82% year-on-year; Exports totaled 4.111 billion euros, down 3.99% year-on-year. [21]

People's livelihood

Malta has free education, free health care and retirement insurance. Male life expectancy is 79.6 years, female life expectancy is 83.3 years, the overall average life expectancy of 81.5 years, ranking 20th in the world. [1] [13]

culture

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Language

Maltese And English as the official language. [4]
English is the main official language of Malta and all official language, writing and teaching are in English.
Maltese belongs to the Afro-Asiatic Semitic language family. The user population is over 300,000 (there are about 1 million Maltese in the world). There are also varying numbers of users among Maltese immigrants in Australia and North America.
Italian It is also very popular in Malta, and many supermarket and retail employees speak Maltese, English and Italian. Walking on the streets, it is also common to see Italian-speaking tourists interacting with locals.

religion

Catholicism It is the state religion of Malta, with 98% adherents and a minority Protestantism and Orthodox Church .

custom

Maltese people dress neatly and appropriately on social occasions; When meeting guests, shake hands with the guests who have been introduced and give their names; When friends and relatives meet each other, it is customary to give gifts.
Maltese diet Western food Main.
Maltese young people basically live with their parents before marriage and live separately after marriage, but the relationship between relatives is relatively close.

Festivals

Festivals
time
New Year
January 1st
St. Paul's shipwreck Festival
February 10th
Saint Joseph's Day
On March 19th
Freedom Day
March 31, 1979
1919 Independence Movement Anniversary
June 7th
St. Peter and St. Paul's Day
June 29th
The Feast of the Assumption
The 15th of August
Victoria Mary's Day
September 8th
National Day
September 21, 1964
Feast of the Conception of the Holy Spirit
December 8th
Republic Day
December 13th
Christmas
December 25th
Note: Monday to Friday is a working day, Saturday and Sunday are closed. [4] [12]

Military affairs

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The total number of armed forces is about 2,000. The commander of the Armed Forces, Brigadier General Clinton J O 'Neill, assumed office in June 2022. Under a bilateral defence agreement signed with Italy in 1980, Italy is responsible for providing security for the Maldives. The police force is about 2,400 strong and is under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the Interior. [21]

traffic

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highroad

Malta has a small land area, and most of it is mountainous and hilly, there is no railway in the territory, and domestic transportation basically relies on roads. The highway is 2,254 km long and there is no high-speed transportation system. The public transport system is not well developed, and private vehicles are the main means of transport. Private vehicle ownership is among the highest in the world, with 402,400 registered motor vehicles in Malta in 2020, an increase of 19,500 over 2019, of which 76.6% are passenger cars. After joining the EU, the EU provides a certain amount of aid to Malta every year for the construction of infrastructure, including the improvement of roads. [12]

Air freight

Air Malta
The only airport in Malta is Malta International Airport In 2020, the passenger volume of the airport was 1.748 million, down 76.1% year-on-year, and the cargo volume was 16,000 tons, down 7.6% year-on-year. In 2017, Malta's air transport sector directly provided almost 4,000 jobs. At present, Air Malta has a fleet of 10 passenger aircraft, nine Airbus A320 and one Airbus A319, and has direct flights to more than 50 cities in Europe, North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean. At the same time, a number of airlines from other countries operate direct flights to Malta. In addition, airlines such as Emirates, Lufthansa, Air France, Alitalia, British Airways, Ethiopian Airlines and budget airlines RYANAIR and EASYJET operate scheduled flights to Malta.
There are no direct flights between Malta and China, which can be transferred via Frankfurt, Dubai, Paris, Rome, Vienna, Istanbul, Cairo and other cities. [12]

Water transport

Malta is easily accessible by sea and has some of the best natural conditions in the world Harbor There are two main ports, Valletta Port and free port.
Water transport in Malta
In 2019, the Valletta Port and the Free Port handled 890,000 tons and 1.47 million tons of cargo, respectively. Loading and unloading of transshipment cargo at the same port amounted to 13.09 million tons and 14.44 million tons, respectively. By the end of 2015, Malta had 11,945 vessels of all types in operation, with a gross tonnage of 237.93 million tonnes. Among them, 3,364 freighters with a gross tonnage of 97,768,700 tons. The French-managed free port is the third largest port on the Mediterranean coast, ranking 12th in Europe. In 2020, the port has an annual container throughput of 2.44 million TEUs, docked more than 1,500 cargo ships, and is one of the most important trans-shipment terminals in the Mediterranean region, with cargo exchanges with 118 ports in the world. With Italy, France and other European countries and North African coastal countries have regular passenger and cargo ships. It also manages the Grand Port in a joint venture with Singapore. There is a bonded warehouse in the port, which can transfer the goods. In addition, Malta registered some 8,593 ships in 2019, making it the sixth largest ship registry in the world. Malta is also a world leader in commercial yacht registrations, with 452 horse-flagged superyachts over 24 metres long at the end of 2014. [12]

society

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EDITOR

ART

The island's first settlers built the oldest man-made free-standing structure in the world, Ġgantija Temple. Between 3800 and 2500 BC, Stone Age architects endowed Malta and Gozo with many relief designs, which can now be seen in temples or in the National Archaeological Museum. These ancient structures, built of huge blocks of stone, are scattered in the villages of Hagachem, Munadria, Har, Savreni and Tarshin on the island of Malta, and although most of them have collapsed over the years, the basic structures are still relatively intact. These megalithic buildings are very grand, and some of the limestone used is rough and some are polished and smooth. Some of the buildings themselves have whitewash on the walls, and some can still see the fine carvings of the year. Among the remains of these megalithic buildings, archaeologists have found dark alcoves that look like shrines, and smooth stones that look like altars. They assume that they were some sacrificial buildings, so they call these buildings temples.
The Temple of Hagachem, located on the island of Malta, was also built of megaliths, a masterpiece of construction technology at the time and one of the most complex megalithic monuments. Archaeologists have found that the placement of many of the stones here is carefully arranged and seems to have an incomprehensible religious significance. One of the 660-meter-long stone slabs used as paving stones is the largest and most impressive supergiant stone in all the temples of the Maltese Islands. In this megalithic temple, people can see that on both sides of the entrance to the temple, there are some "stone tables" made of huge stones, whether these "stone tables" are altars or pillars, it is still uncertain. In this temple, archaeologists also found a number of small stone statues of the mother goddess, according to some estimates that the temple was related to the worship of the mother goddess at that time.
The temple of Munadria overlooks the Mediterranean Sea, and its fan-shaped basic structure has been preserved quite intact due to the shielding of the cliffs, and very clearly presents the characteristics of Maltese megalithic architecture. The temple was built about 4,500 years ago and is also known as the Temple of the Sun. After careful measurement of the temple, it was suggested that the temple was actually a "sun clock" from ancient times. According to the position of the sun's rays on the altar and stone pillars in the temple, the main seasons of the year such as the summer solstice and the winter solstice can be accurately displayed. Until now, these magical functions still exist. This has led to new speculation about how, 4,500 years ago, the temple's builders had such advanced knowledge of astronomy and calendar that they were able to calculate the position of the sun's rays so carefully.
Maltese architecture is influenced by Mediterranean culture and British culture.
A major renovation campaign is underway across Malta, with several major building projects such as Smart-City, M-Towers and Pendergardens currently under construction; Old towns such as Valletta and Tigne are also being renovated.

education

There are about 340 schools of all kinds, with about 84,000 students and nearly 10,000 teachers. Public schools offer free education, and there are various private and missionary schools. University of Malta The University of Malta is the only university in Malta, Other institutions of higher learning include the Institute of Tourism Studies and the Malta College of Arts, Science & Technology. 12 - [13]
University of Malta
The only national university in Malta is the University of Malta, one of the world's top 100 universities, which sends a large number of professional talents to all over the world every year. The university has more than 10 departments, offering more than a dozen majors and nearly 100 bachelor's, master's and doctoral programs. The University of Malta has a high international reputation, its teaching level is comparable to that of famous Western universities, and the diploma is recognized by all Western countries. The university has close cooperation with famous universities in the United States, the United Kingdom and European countries, and its graduates have been admitted as postgraduate students by many famous universities in the world, such as: Harvard, Princeton, Edinburgh, Oxford, Cambridge and other universities.
Middlesex University
On 4 June 2015, the UK's sixth-ranked national university Middlesex University It has been officially stationed in Malta, and its economic management and other courses offered by the school are quite famous in the UK and even in Europe, and the school has also become a gathering place for rich people in the Middle East.
University of London
University of London In Malta, there is a branch school "Malta St. Martin's College of Information Technology", which is affiliated to the University of London's off-campus school system, and you can get a graduation certificate from the University of London after completing your studies.
American schools move in
Malta has begun to build an American university, inviting famous universities in the United States to operate, all-English American education, will open the most famous department of economics and management and other nearly 60 disciplines, the future students in the university, through the United States major schools, is expected to have 4,000 students benefit.
Language school
There are 56 language schools in Malta. The most famous ones are EC, EF and ESE, which are global chain schools with high reputation and relatively high cost.
NSTS Language School, the first language school in Malta, formerly known as the Department of Foreign Languages of the University of Malta, offers high quality education at relatively low cost; There is also the Meggis School and Chamber, which cater mainly to Chinese and Turkish students.
The Blue Brain Group, the most famous English language training provider in Europe, has also opened a branch in Malta.

Medical treatment

In 2019, the Maltese government spent €735 million on health care, representing 14.7% of government expenditure and 5.5% of GDP. It mainly includes 77.268 million euros for medical products and devices, 123.859 million euros for outpatient services, and 492.872 million euros for hospitalization services. In 2018, there were 40 doctors and 79 nurses per 10,000 people. Life expectancy in 2019 was 81.2 years for men and 84.6 years for women, for an overall life expectancy of 83 years. There is no high incidence of infectious diseases.
In 1994, the governments of China and Malaysia officially signed an agreement on cooperation in the field of Chinese medicine, and the Mediterranean Regional Chinese Medicine Center was officially established on April 14 of the same year Jiangsu Provincial Department of Health Medical teams are sent to Malta every two years to provide medical assistance. In 2004, the Maltese Parliament and the Ministry of Health decided to open the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the National Hospital of Malta to further expand the areas of cooperation between China and Malaysia in traditional Chinese medicine. In 2008, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Department opened in cooperation with the National Notre Dame Hospital of Malta, which is the only acupuncture clinic in a public hospital in Europe, marking the first time that traditional Chinese medicine has entered the national hospital of the European Union in the form of an independent department. At present, the Chinese medical team in Malta has three medical points in Malta, namely, the headquarters of the Mediterranean Regional Chinese Medicine Center, the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the National Hospital of Malta and the Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine located on Malta's second largest island Gozo Gozo General Hospital. As of now, Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission A total of 16 medical teams have been sent to Malta, providing TCM medical services to tens of thousands of Maltese patients, Chinese and foreign diplomats, employees of Chinese-funded institutions, and overseas Chinese. At the same time, the Chinese Medicine center also actively carries out traditional Chinese medicine lectures and holds Chinese medicine massage self-care classes. During the COVID-19 epidemic, the Maltese medical team stuck to its post, produced a guide of Chinese medicine on epidemic prevention at home based on the actual situation in Malta, and assisted the Chinese Embassy in Malta in holding online video conferences to answer questions and questions for local Chinese and overseas students. [12]

Press and publication

There are four main daily newspapers, two each in Maltese and English. The largest newspapers are The Times of Malta and The Malta Independent, as well as several weeklies. [13]
The Broadcasting Authority was established in September 1961 to oversee all radio and television operations in Malaysia. PBC was established in September 1991 to conduct regulatory reviews of the radio and television industry. The Malaysian Information Bureau is under the Prime Minister's Office and oversees the government's press policy and various news media. Malta Television (TVM) is the national television station, which began broadcasting television programmes in 1962 and is operated by the Government's Public Broadcasting Service Limited. [17] The National Party and the Labour Party set up their own television stations, Net TV and One TV respectively. Private cable television stations (Smash TV, Calypso TV, Favourite) focus on entertainment programming. There are also Education 22, an education channel, and ITV, a TV shopping channel. [4]

Physical education

Malta national football team
Football is the most popular sport in Malta, with the national stadium known as "Dagori Stadium" and the Maltese Football League, known as the Maltese Premier League, involving 12 teams. Water polo is also very popular in Malta. The Malta national water polo team has achieved some important results and has participated in the Olympic Games twice.
Rugby is also popular in Malta, with the men's national team ranked 43rd in the world (March 2014). He has beaten top teams such as Sweden, Croatia and Latvia.
The hottest thing in Malta is rock climbing, with more than 1,200 routes throughout Malta. The island offers both traditional and traditional climbing Sport climbing There are also some series of mountaineering activities and deep water climbing.

diplomacy

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EDITOR

Foreign policy

The British Commonwealth Member State since May 2004 European Union Joined in December 2007 Schengen area It was officially opened in January 2008 Euro . It pursues a policy of neutrality and maintains friendly relations with the European continent and countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea. It promotes and actively participates in Euro-Mediterranean cooperation processes such as the Mediterranean Parliamentary Assembly and the Union for the Mediterranean, and attaches importance to and actively develops relations with non-regional countries and emerging economies such as the United States, Russia, China, Australia, India and South Africa.
We value the role of the United Nations and other multilateral international organizations. For the year 2023-2024 United Nations Security Council Non-permanent members. It supports the reform of the United Nations and the expansion of the Security Council, but maintains that consensus should be upheld. We have actively participated in international counter-terrorism cooperation. Attaches importance to the issue of climate change, supports early action on emission reduction within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, and calls for attention to the vulnerability of small island States to the negative impacts of climate change. We are highly concerned about the increasingly serious problem of illegal immigration in the Mediterranean in recent years, advocate the establishment of a mandatory "responsibility sharing" system within the EU, and advocate greater development cooperation with the countries of origin and transit of refugees, so as to solve the problem at the source. [13]

Relations with China

Since the establishment of diplomatic ties on January 31, 1972, China and Malaysia have maintained long-term friendly cooperative relations. The two sides have frequent high-level exchanges. [14]
In 1997, China and Malaysia signed the Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation and established the Mixed Committee system. So far, 10 meetings have been held, the most recent of which was held in Valletta in May 2016. In 2011, the Malta-China Chamber of Commerce was established. According to Chinese statistics, bilateral trade volume in 2023 was 2.47 billion US dollars, down 2.8% year-on-year. Among them, China's exports were US $1.83 billion, down 6.7% year-on-year. Imports reached US $640 million, up 9.9% year on year. By the end of July 2023, Malaysia's cumulative direct investment in China had reached US $82.23 million. I have made a cumulative direct investment of 35 million US dollars in Malaysia. [24]
China and Malaysia have increased exchanges and cooperation in the fields of culture, education, health and civil affairs and signed several cooperation documents. In the 1990s, China set up the Mediterranean Regional Chinese Medicine Center in Malta, which now treats nearly 5,000 patients every year and has a growing influence in Malta through training and other activities. On September 19, 2003, China officially established the China Cultural Center in Malta. In 2008, the center has become an important platform for spreading Chinese culture and promoting mutual understanding and friendship between the two peoples. In 2008, the exhibition of China's Qin Shihuang's Terracotta Warriors and Horses was held in Ma for nearly half a year, and the total number of visitors accounted for nearly 1/5 of the country's population. The number of Chinese students studying in Malta is increasing year by year. In addition, China has listed Malta as an outbound tourist destination for Chinese citizens, and the two sides signed an agreement on mutual visa exemption for holders of diplomatic and service passports. The departments in charge of aging affairs of the two countries have cooperated for many years with good results.
In April 2010, President Abella visited China Shanghai World Expo Injured in an accident during the opening ceremony, Hu Jintao The President personally visited and sent a special plane to take President Abella home. After the unrest in Libya in early 2011, the Maltese government actively supported and cooperated with the Chinese side in evacuating Chinese nationals stranded in Libya. Premier of The State Council in 2014 Li Keqiang Met with the Maltese Prime Minister who is in China to attend the Eco Forum Annual Conference Guiyang 2014 Muscat . Following the meeting, the two prime ministers jointly witnessed the signing of the Memorandum of Understanding on Medium-Term Planning for Cooperation between the Governments of China and Malaysia (2014-2019).

Gourmet

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EDITOR
Malta is typical Mediterranean diet . Its diet is similar to that of Italy and is often prepared by Maltese families Spaghetti Their name is Pasta. Pizza is also an important dietary part of life. Maltese cuisine is the result of centuries of interaction between the culinary habits of the islanders and the outsiders who settled in Malta, a combination that has allowed it to blend the tastes of food from around the Mediterranean. Although many of the dishes are unique to the island, some of the most popular recipes are derived from them Sicily , southern Italy and the Middle East.
Ftira is a kind of bread food without yeast. It has a dry taste and is a bit like Shandong pancake. It is a souvenir Israelis Food from slavery in Egypt. First the Jews Passover The food that was eaten at the time was later brought to Christianity by Christ Jesus.
Both Pastizzi and Qassatat are shortbread breads filled with Ricotta (Italian ricotta cheese), sausage, bacon, mushy peas and spinach.
Rabbit stew is one of Malta's most famous dishes, where chunks of meat are marinated with salt and black pepper, coated in flour and then tossed in olive oil. Add various after the skin is golden Bay leaf Red wine, potatoes and other ingredients braised together, basically local restaurants have to sell.
Fish and meat are essential in Maltese life. Local restaurants in Malta offer a wide selection of seafood every day, with very fresh ingredients. At 10 euros per person, it's definitely worth it.
Wigi's Kitchen is ranked first by stjulians. The menu is changed every day. The family-style management makes the restaurant less commercial and more family-like. The fresh fish and high quality meat are worth a try.
Fontanella Tea Garden Restaurant in the old capital of Malta, Mdina, dining here can be a commanding view of the Maltese island, beautiful scenery and delicious desserts, and the price is not expensive, and the service is good.
In Malta, wine is the main drink. Dry red wine ranges from 8 to 14 degrees. After joining the European Union, you can buy your favorite wine here for as little as 1 euro.
Dishes made of flowers are popular all over the world, and many people add flowers to wine and drinks to make them uniquely fragrant. Malta is famous for its flower soup. The "three-color soup" made of pear flower, pineapple flower and strawberry, and will fenugreek Shredded and made "flower soup", too numerous to mention, add a different style to this beautiful island.

travel

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EDITOR
Malta is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, next to Italy, and is the largest in the Mediterranean archipelago It is a typical subtropical Mediterranean climate with mild climate and evergreen weather. As the heart of the Mediterranean, Malta attracts nearly 1.7 million visitors from Europe every year.
Queen Elizabeth II The queen is with Prince Philip During the first anniversary of their marriage (1949-1951), the couple lived in Malta until the Queen returned to the throne. At the time of the Queen and his wife's diamond Memorial, the Queen and his wife also specially chose Malta as the place for their "second honeymoon".
Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt After the wedding ceremony in France, the couple took their six children to Malta for their honeymoon.
Beckham He has been to Malta six times on holiday, and no matter how busy each season is, he always wants to find time to enjoy the leisure time in Malta. In his autobiography, he stated that he loved Malta, loved life in Malta, and that Malta was a fond memory of his youth.
2015" Lonely Planet Malta is ranked 5th in the world for Best Cities to Visit.

Main attraction

Valletta, the capital of Malta, is a modern city with an ancient style. The city preservation has a lot of elaborate Victorian architecture And ancient streets paved with stone. Built in 1623, the famous historic compound was once a strong fortress for the Maltese people to resist foreign aggression. After independence, part of the compound was used as a presidential residence and the rest as a park. Valletta is also Malta's largest seaport and entrepot trading center.
Valletta, the capital of Malta
Azure Window Azure Window
locate Gozo Is the work of nature. Formed by the collapse of two limestone blocks a thousand years ago, this large natural arch stands above the Mediterranean Sea and attracts rock climbers from all over the world to push the limits. The hit American TV series Game of Thrones It was also filmed here. As time went on, more and more limestone fell from the inside of the arch.
The Blue Grotto
Blue Hole BlueGrotto
Zurrieq, located in the southwest of the main island, is a naturally formed group of water caves. The sea water under the cave is blue, crystal clear, beautiful, but also a good place for diving enthusiasts. When the weather is calm, the best time to visit the Blue Hole is between morning and 1 PM.
St. John's Church St.John's Co-Cathedral
St. John's Church
Kon-Katidralta'SanGwann in Maltese is one of the main Catholic churches in Malta and a landmark in Valletta. The church was built by the Knights of Malta in 1573-78 and was given equal status with the Cathedral of Mdina in the early 19th century. From the outside, the earthy walls are not conspicuous, but the interior is heavily decorated in ornate baroque style, including cross-carved stone walls, vaults depicting scenes from the life of St. John, and side altars, all by the knight Prati, and it is also known as one of the most beautiful churches in Europe. There are eight chapels in the main church dedicated to the patron saints of the eight sections of the Order. One of the Anglo-Bavarian chapels preserves the relics acquired by the Knights. The most famous artwork in the church is Caravaggio The Beheading of Saint John. Valette and other members of the Order are also buried in the church.
St. Paul's Cathedral St. Paul's Cathedral/Mdina Cathedral
It is the main church of the Roman Catholic Church and is said to have been built on the site where the Apostle St. Paul met with the then administrator Publius after his shipwreck. The church has been renovated several times since it was built and has survived a major earthquake in the 17th century. The current interior of the church was decorated between 1697 and 1702 in Baroque style instead of Norman style, and has frescoes depicting St. Paul's shipwreck. It should be noted that when visiting the church, especially in the summer, women must not bare arms and must be covered with clothes.
Marsaxlokk Fishmarket
The Free Port of Malthashlok is the trading port of Malta. Although the country is small, the port is the 11th busiest container terminal in Europe. Apart from its economic use, the port is best known for its Sunday fish market. Open from 5 a.m. to 12 p.m. Along a long stretch of coast, except for freshly caught octopus, prawns and various kinds of fish, the fish market is more like the mainland market, where everyday wear and use and travel souvenirs can be bought. The Ruzzo boats on the coast are colorful, and the specialty restaurants along the coast are delicious and cheap.
The underground palace of Hal Savreni AL Saflieni Hypogeum
ĦALSaflieniHypogeum (Maltese), a popular destination for archaeological enthusiasts, is located in the Paola district and is another World Heritage Site in Malta. It was built in the Neolithic Age, more than 5,000 years ago, and is divided into three layers. Part of the first floor is a natural cave converted into a tomb; The second floor, the main Palace, consists of several rooms containing a large number of valuable niches, altars and frescoes; The third floor was the storage room. The attraction is so popular that the number of people allowed to enter the palace is limited to 60 per day, and the safer way is to purchase tickets online in advance, but it is also difficult to get a ticket. The temple of Taxien, near the underground palace, is also worth visiting.
Golden Bay
Located in the northwest of Malta Island, it is one of the most famous and beautiful beaches in Malta.
Malta attractions, you need to go to Malta to fully understand.

Mediterranean 'Hollywood'

" Munich "" gladiator "" Troy "" Popeye "" The Da Vinci Code "" Armageddon "And the TV series" Game of Thrones "And other high-profile movies and TV series are all shot in" Malta "!
The Maltese government is also actively promoting film production and raising the profile of Malta through the film industry.
In 2013, the total production value of Maltese film production was 5 million euros, and by 2014, overseas investment in the film industry had increased to 29 million euros.
Tourism will inject €80 million into the Maltese economy by the end of 2015.

immigrant

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EDITOR

National debt immigration program

In August 2015, the Maltese government announced the latest Maltese Permanent Residence and Visa application program, which allows applicants to invest 250,000 euros in Maltese government bonds (the investment is returned after 5 years) to obtain Maltese permanent residence in one step. The program has attracted the attention of the global immigration community, and because of the simple and convenient application conditions, it is particularly popular with Chinese immigrants.
Application requirements:
1. The main applicant is at least 18 years old;
2. No criminal record;
3. Invest €250,000 in Maltese government bonds and maintain the investment for 5 years.
Project Overview:
1. The applicant will be granted a Malta Permanent Residence Card;
2. Up to four generations can be included;
3. The maximum age of accompanying children is 25 years.
Rights and interests:
1. The cardholder can enter and exit freely Schengen states ;
2. Access to healthcare, education, business and other facilities in Malta.

Malta passport

In early 2014, the Maltese government published the Immigration by Investment Act, which allows individuals from outside the European Union to obtain Maltese residency through the Individual Investor Program and thus apply for Maltese citizenship and passports. The program has been launched and is favored by wealthy people in the Middle East, Russia and other places.
Application requirements:
1. The main applicant is at least 18 years old;
2. State contribution investment: 650,000 euros or more;
3. Purchase of Maltese government bonds: €150,000 or more and enjoy compound interest for 5 years;
4. Rent a property for 16,000 euros per year; Or invest 350,000 euros or more to buy a home.
* Above rental property and Treasury bond investments must be maintained for five years
Rights and interests:
1. With a Maltese passport, you can freely settle in many major European countries and enjoy the convenience of living, living and studying in Europe.
2. Holders of a Maltese passport are eligible for visa-free travel to 166 countries and regions, including the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom.
3. Holders of Maltese passports can enjoy Maltese health care, education and other rights, and have the right to vote and stand for election as citizens.
4. Maltese passport holders can enjoy Malta's local tax policies and avoid global taxation. [5] [8-9]
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