A surname

Warring States time also made "palm book", Qi, Qin are set. Qin is a small house, rank 600 stone, as a low-level official, the Lord issued documents in the temple. In the Qin and early Han dynasties, Shang Guan, Fashion clothing , food, Shang bath Still seat, called "six Shang". During Emperor Wudi's reign, Shang Shu and Shi Zhong were selected to form the "Middle Dynasty" (or Zhongchao) The inner court ), became the de facto central decision-making organ, because of the close minister, the status of the gradually higher. He and the imperial history, the history of the book of history are selected by the imperial history.

in Emperor Xuan of Han When the power was already high," History of the Han Dynasty " Give mercy to Biography, as Wisma Cover Kuangrao to Shangshu complaint Military lieutenant Unreasonable dispatch, Shangshu ordered the captain to abolish the malpractice. Military lieutenant is Two thousand stone Second only to the rank of the three princes, Shangshu was already a position of real power at that time. " Later Han Dynasty " Emperor Guangwu Note to this book: Han Guan Yi Said: "Shangshu four officers, Emperor Wu set, Emperor Cheng plus one for five." There are Imperial Servitor Cao Shang Shu, the Lord Prime minister of history. Two thousand stone books, the main imperial history, two thousand stone things. Hucao Shang Shu The master wrote the matter. The master and the guest are the authors The Lord foreign four things. Chengdi and Sangong Shangshu, the Lord's punishment." Emperor Cheng set up Shang Shu five, rank 600 stone, Split control SAN Kung Cao , always serve Cao, Two thousand stone Cao A surname Host guest Cao The authority begins to be heavy. The Eastern Han Dynasty is known to return to Shangshu, each Cao Shangshu status is more important, its main guest Order of a minister To become the most powerful official in the world. Fashion books are divided into each Cao, the official name is only called Shang Shu, not a Cao name. Emperor Ling of Han ren A surname For the selection of the ministry of Shang Shu, the beginning with Cao's name.

Wei had five Cao, Jin increased to six Cao. The name of the book was changed Shangshu Province Cao was renamed the Ministry, and Cao (each ministry) Shangshu was then your official. Cao Wei Fashion book is the third product, six Shang book again Official official documents First place, and then continue ^[3-4] . After Sui Dynasty, Shangshu was the six ministers of the ancient central government. Shang books in the Sui and Tang dynasties. The ancient books are in the clear Second rank .

Official official documents : The Ministry of Personnel Affairs in feudal China It is equivalent to the contemporary head of the Central Organization Department and the Minister of Human resources and Social Security.

The Ministry of Rites : The Ministry of Rites in feudal China It is equivalent to the contemporary minister of Propaganda, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of culture, and minister of education.

The Ministry of Ministry Shangshu : Chief officer of the Ministry of Finance, equivalent to the contemporary minister of finance Ministry of Land and Resources Minister, Minister of Commerce, Governor of the Central Bank, Director of the State Administration of Taxation, State Saic (State Administration for Industry and Commerce) Director, General Administration of Customs, Director of Audit, Director of the National Development and Reform Commission.

The Ministry of Military Affairs : The Ministry of War in feudal China The chief officer of the modern equivalent Ministry of National Defense minister-general General Logistics Department Minister, General Armament Department Minister, General staff headquarters Overall Length, Political Work Department of the Central Military Commission Director, Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the Central Military Commission Secretary (Ming and Qing military Department responsible Operational plan Before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was only responsible for the management of soldiers, the breeding of war horses, and the forwarding of military supplies.

A letter from the Ministry of Punishment : Chief officer of the Ministry of Criminal Law, equivalent to the contemporary secretary of the Central Political and Legal Committee, Minister of Public Security, Minister of Justice, deputy Procurator-General of the Supreme Procuratorate, vice president of the Supreme Court.

The Ministry of Works : Chief official of the Ministry of Industry, equivalent to the contemporary minister of Industry and Information technology and Minister of Water Resources, Minister of Science and Technology, Minister of Housing, Ministry of Agriculture Minister, Ministry of Communications Minister.

Shangshu six people, 600 stones. This note says: Emperor Cheng initially set up four Shang shu, Wei Zhao said: "Shang, Fengya." Divided into four Cao.

" Han Jiu Yi Said: "The first five Cao, there SAN Kung Cao Lord judge."

Zeiten "Han Yi" said: "The book all the world do the class. Three Gongshang letters Two people, three Official document . Official Cao Shangshu election ceremony, is three public Cao. At the end of the Spirit Emperor, A surname for Select the ministry of the book " Always serve Cao Shangshu Minister of state;

CAI Zhi said in the Han Yi: "Lord Imperial attendant Yellow Gate Imperial history, Shizu changed to official Cao." Two thousand stone Cao Shang Shu Main county state two thousand stone matters;

"Han Old Yi" said: "Also the cloud Lord."

CAI Zhi "Han Yi" said: "palm Metropolitan magistrate Fire and water, thieves, justice, cataract." People Cao Shang Shu The Lord's official writing;

CAI Zhi "Han old Yi" said: "The work of the calligraphist, the supervision of pools, gardens, parks, thieves." Guest Cao Shang Shu Lord foreign Yi Di affair.

Shang Shu: "Dragon writing Nagon I go in and out of the emperor's orders." Ying Shao said, "Today, the official is the mouthpiece of the king." Shizu Chengzun, after the point Two thousand stone Cao , divide into A surname for South guest Cao , North host guest Cao .

CAI Zhi "Han Yi" said: "The son of heaven out hunting, driving, the royal house Caolang belongs to." All six Cao.

"Zhou Li Tianguan" there will be, Zheng Xuan said, "if today's book." One person each, four hundred stones. This note says: The document period meeting. Zuo Cheng Lord official gazette and mounted history.

CAI Zhi said in Han Yi: "The general code Taichung Discipline is ununified in all areas." A surname Fake seal ribbon, and paper and ink for financial storage.

CAI Zhi wrote in the Han Yi: "You cheng and your servant are in opposition to each other to grant grain and grain, and Zuo Cheng does not agree with each other. Where the palace leaks night, the drum is up, the bell is breathing. The guardian A and B is passed down through the ages. Guard rumors five more, not after three moments, chicken crow, guard heel Cheng lang stricter rise, not livestock chicken in the palace, Runan Out of the "Crow", guard waiting outside the door of Zhu Jue, specially spread the "crow" in the palace." Shaw said," Songs of Chu Today, "rooster crow" song also."

Jin Taikang tunnel record said: "After the Han Gushi City 鲖 Yang, public security, Siyang Four counties Guard, learn this song in the shadow of the song, today the crow is also." Thirty-six men, 400 stones. This note says: a Cao has six people, the main drafting of documents.

CAI quality "Han Yi" said: "Shangshu Lang from the beginning of the three attainments of the test, the first stage said Shou Shangshu Lang, in the middle of the full name Shangshu Lang, three years said servant. Guest Caolang attending Qiang Hu, drama moved two thousand stone or imperial history, its public moved to the county magistrate, rank full from the county to go, imperial edict to give money thirty thousand and three Tai Zu candied, Yu Guan is not. Strict January, quasi-Ye Gongqing Mausoleum temple is hair. Cheng of the Imperial history meet Shang Shucheng Lang, avoid the car to hold the board, Cheng, Lang car Hand salute The car is too far to go. Shangshu said about Cheng, dare to tell such as imperial decree. Lang see about cheng, no respect to the bow, said about Jun. Cheng, Lang see Shangshu, holding the board to bow, said Ming time. When ordered, the servant shoots, the servant bows, and the servant bows." 18 people, 200 stone. This note says: Cao has three, Chief letter . After the addition of three Cao, a total of 21.

" Notes on ancient and Modern history "Said:" Yongyuan three July, Zengshang book historian. Those who have not violated the ban should make up for small counties and ink Ribbon." CAI said: "All choose Lantai, tally It is called simple and concise, and officials can do it."

"Notes" said: "The story Shang Shu Lang to make up for the long lack of history, Shizu began to change to Xiao Lian Lang, to Xiao Lian Ding Han Fill in what. Just call it a day. Ask: 'Real disease? Be ashamed of yourself? To say: 'Minister is not sick, ashamed to make history ear for filial piety!' 'Shizu said angrily:' The tiger Ben killed the staff of dozens. "Do you want to be Lang? Han said, "He who can kill his minister, Your Majesty, cannot be a minister." In the imperial order sent out, but not for Lang. Han Zi Shuchun, Beijing trillion Yangling people also. High discipline, integrity, and worship Fenyin Order, governance has a name, move Hanzhong A surname. A surname Gong Sunshu Will, receive wife to send Nanzheng County Slip down without a jacket. We said: "The wife of the chief guard of Hanzhong is a prison in Nanzheng, who should be the one who defies his back?" Hang the head of an ox and sell the breast of a horse , Steal the sole of the foot Okay, Confucius. Plead guilty to Han, and his wife, do not thank him. There is a difference in governance, and he dies in the government." ^[1]