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Republic of Lithuania

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The Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos Respublika; Republic of Lithuania (Lithuanian: Lietuvos; It is located on the eastern Baltic Sea, bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east, Poland to the south, and the Baltic Sea and the Kaliningrad Region of Russia to the west. The total length of the border is 1,644 kilometers, the coastline is 90 kilometers, and the land area is 65,300 square kilometers. The country consists of 60 local administrative units in 7 municipalities, 43 districts, 8 self-governing bodies and 2 health resorts, with the capital being Vilnius . As of April 2024, Lithuania has a total population of 2.889 million. [1] [27]
Lithuania was first mentioned in 1009. It was established in 1240 Grand Duchy of Lithuania . After 1385 Lithuania and Poland It was united three times and accepted Catholicism as the state religion in 1387. Vytautas The reign of the Grand Duke (1392-1430) was the heyday of Lithuania, which became one of the largest states in Europe. Gradually after 1795 Tsarist Russia Annex. During World War I, Lithuania was briefly occupied by Germany. On February 16, 1918, Lithuania declared its independence and established a bourgeois republic. On 9 October 1920, Poland occupied Vilnius and the eastern part of Lithuania, the second largest city Kaunas It became the temporary capital of Lithuania. [1] In 1944, Soviet troops entered Lithuania, and the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic was established and joined the Soviet Union. On March 11, 1990, Lithuania declared its independence from the Soviet Union through the Declaration of Restoration of Independence. Accessed 29 March 2004 North Atlantic Treaty Organization It was added on May 1 of the same year European Union . On 1 January 2015, Lithuania became euroland The 19th Member State. [1]
In 2022, Lithuania's GDP was 66.8 billion euros, and GDP per capita was 23,598 euros. GDP growth rate: 1.9%.
On November 18, 2021, China decided to downgrade diplomatic relations between the two countries to neutral Commission rank . [26]
Chinese name
The Republic of Lithuania [1]
Foreign name
The Republic of Lithuania [1] (English)
Lietuvos Respublika (Lithuanian)
Abbreviated form
Republic of Lithuania
continent
Europe
capital
Vilnius [1]
Major city
Kaunas , Klaipeda , Cioliai Etc. [1]
National Day
February 16, 1918
National song
National Anthem (Lithuania)
Country code
LTU
Official language
Lithuanian [1]
currency
Euro [1]
Time zone
UTC+2
Political system
A parliamentary republic
National leader
Gitanas Nowseda (President) , Ingrida Shimonit (Prime Minister)
Population number
2.889 million [27] (April 2024)
Population density
43.4 persons/km2 [8] (2020)
Major nationality
Lithuanians [1]
Major religion
Catholicism [1]
Land area
65300 km²
Water area ratio
1.35%
Total GDP
72 billion euros [27] (2023)
Per capita GDP
25,065 euros [27] (2023)
International telephone area code
370
International domain name abbreviation
.lt
Road access
Drive on the right
National motto
"The strength of a nation comes from unity."
The national flower
rue
National tree
birch
Largest city
Vilnius
note
ㄌ, and ㄊ hypertensive ㄨ virus. ㄌ, and ㄊ hypertensive ㄨ virus
Leading institution
Vilnius Kapusus University

catalogue

  1. 1Historical evolution
  2. 2Geographical environment
  3. ▪Regional location
  4. ▪landform
  5. ▪Climatic characteristics
  6. ▪Drainage distribution
  7. ▪Time zone
  8. 3Natural resources
  9. ▪Mineral resources
  10. ▪Forest resources
  11. ▪Animal resources
  12. 4Administrative division
  13. ▪Administrative division
  14. ▪capital
  15. 5National symbol
  16. ▪Country name
  17. ▪flag
  1. ▪National emblem
  2. ▪National tree
  3. ▪The national flower
  4. 6Population nationality
  5. 7political
  6. ▪constitution
  7. ▪government
  8. ▪congress
  9. ▪judiciary
  10. ▪dignitaries
  11. ▪Political party
  12. 8economy
  13. ▪summarize
  14. ▪industry
  15. ▪agriculture
  16. ▪Service industry
  17. ▪tourism
  18. ▪Biotechnology industry
  1. ▪Laser industry
  2. ▪Finance and finance
  3. ▪foreign trade
  4. ▪Foreign capital
  5. ▪Foreign investment
  6. ▪Foreign aid
  7. 9culture
  8. ▪religion
  9. ▪Festivals
  10. ▪diet
  11. 10Military affairs
  12. ▪National defense
  13. ▪Military expenditure
  14. ▪Military strength
  15. ▪Foreign garrison
  16. 11traffic
  17. ▪railway
  18. ▪highroad
  1. ▪Water transport
  2. ▪Air freight
  3. ▪pipeline
  4. 12society
  5. ▪education
  6. ▪Science and technology
  7. ▪Medical treatment
  8. ▪Physical education
  9. ▪medium
  10. ▪People's livelihood
  11. 13diplomacy
  12. ▪Foreign policy
  13. ▪External relations
  14. 14travel
  15. ▪Cross hill
  16. ▪St. Anna's Church

Historical evolution

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EDITOR
Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania
Paleolithic age There have been human settlements in Lithuania since then. It appeared in the 5th and 6th centuries Class society .
Since the 12th century, by The Germans The invasion.
In 1240, a unified Grand Duchy of Lithuania . In the 13th century, the Lithuanian nation was formed.
In the 14th and 15th centuries, most of the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was in Western Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus.
In 1558-1583 Lithuania participated in the anti-Russian war The Livonian War .
In 1569, Poland and Lithuania were united under the Treaty of Lublin Kingdom of Poland and Lithuania .
In 1795-1815, the whole of Lithuania (except Klaipeda) was incorporated Russia . Lithuanians took part in the Polish uprisings of 1830-1831 and 1863-1864.
World War I Lithuania was occupied by Germany.
On February 16, 1918, Lithuania declared its independence and became a bourgeois republic. On June 4, it was established Kingdom of Lithuania On November 2, the Lithuanian Parliament overturned its own resolution and Lithuania became a republic.
From December 1918 to January 1919, most of the territory of Lithuania was established Soviet power .
In February 1919, Lithuania and Belarus were united Lithuania Belarusian Soviet Socialist Republic . In August, a bourgeois republic was established and independence declared.
On September 28, 1926, The Soviet Union The government concluded a non-aggression pact with Lithuania. In December of the same year, the fascists staged a coup.
In 1940, Soviet troops occupied Lithuania.
In 1941, Soviet-german war After the outbreak, Lithuania was occupied by German forces.
In 1944, the Soviet Army again occupied Lithuania and was established Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic Join the Soviet Union.
On 11 March 1990, Lithuania declared its independence from the Soviet Union, which did not recognize it. It was not until 6 September 1991 that the Soviet Union recognized Lithuania's independence. On September 17, Lithuania joined The United Nations .
It was officially joined in May 2001 World Trade Organization . [2]
On February 24, 2022, the President of Lithuania declared a state of emergency in the country in response to the current situation in Ukraine. [18]

Geographical environment

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EDITOR

Regional location

Map of Lithuania
Lithuania is located in east-central Europe (53°54' -56 °27' N, 20°56 '-26 °51' E), bordered by Latvia to the north, Belarus to the east and south, Russia's Kaliningrad Oblast and Poland to the southwest, and the Baltic Sea to the west. The total length of the border is 1,644 km and the coastline is 90 km. It covers an area of 65,300 square kilometers. [1]

landform

Lithuania's terrain is mainly plain, with small hills in the west and highlands in the southeast, the highest point being 293.6 m above sea level. [2]

Climatic characteristics

Lithuanian climate is between Marine climate and Continental climate In between, the winter is longer, more rain and snow, less sunshine; The temperature is lowest from mid-September to mid-March, and the average temperature in January is -4 ~ 7℃. Summer is short and cool, the sunshine time is longer; The warmest period is from late June to early August, and the average temperature in July is 16 ~ 20℃. [2]

Drainage distribution

Lithuania is one of the countries with the largest number of lakes in Europe, with 2830 lakes with an area of more than 0.5 hectares and a total area of 880 square kilometers, of which the largest lake DRUKSIAI covers an area of 4,479 hectares; There are 722 rivers, the longest river Neman With a total length of 937 km, it flows 475 km through the territory of Lithuania and flows from east to west into the Baltic Sea. [2]

Time zone

Lithuania is in the Eastern Second Region, 6 hours behind Beijing. Every year from the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in October, daylight saving time is implemented, which is 5 hours time difference with Beijing. [2]

Natural resources

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EDITOR

Mineral resources

Lithuania oil, natural gas and other mineral resources are relatively poor, mainly dependent on imports. The main resources are oil, peat, construction gypsum, limestone, clay and sand in the western region and the continental shelf of the Baltic Sea, and in the southeast Iron mine and granite There are dolomite, mineral water, geothermal and other resources.

Forest resources

Lithuania is rich in forests and water resources. The larger forest area is mainly concentrated in the south and southeast, with a forest area of 2.177 million hectares and a forest coverage rate of more than 30%. Mostly coniferous forest, mainly pine. The main tree species are oak and birch. The forest is also rich in mushrooms, berries and herbs.

Animal resources

The good ecological environment provides a good habitat for animals, with a total of 70 species in Lithuania mammal There are 13 species of flying mice, as well as the protected white rabbit, lynx and Wolf. There are 330 species of birds and 99 species of fish, 26 of which are Marine fish. 15,000 species of insects and invertebrates. [2]

Administrative division

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Administrative division

In June 2011, Lithuania carried out administrative division reform, abolishing the county system, and the country was changed to 7 cities, 43 districts, 8 autonomous institutions and 2 health resorts, a total of 60 local administrative units, more than 100 towns and cities. The main cities are Vilnius, Kaunas, Klaipeda, Hioliai, etc. [1]

capital

Winter in the Old town of Vilnius, capital of Lithuania
Vilnius (Vilnius), located in southeastern Lithuania on the Neris River and Vilnia Confluence (54 degrees 41 'N, 25 degrees 17' E). It has an area of 401 square kilometers and a population of 581,000. The average temperature in January is -1.3 ° C and in July 17.7 ° C.

National symbol

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EDITOR

Country name

The Republic of Lithuania. Lithuania for short, the country's name comes from the Polish word, meaning "rainy country".

flag

Flag of Lithuania It is a horizontal rectangle, the ratio of length to width is 5:3. It consists of three parallel horizontal strips, yellow, green and red from top to bottom. Lithuania declared its independence in 1918, establishing a bourgeois republic and adopting the yellow, green and red tricolor flag. In 1940, it became a republic of the former Soviet Union, and adopted the red flag with a yellow five-pointed star, sickle and hammer in the upper left corner, and a narrow white strip and a wide green strip at the bottom. Independence was declared in 1990 and the tricolor was adopted as the national flag. On 8 July 2004, the flag was changed from 2:1 to 5:3.

National emblem

Coat of arms of Lithuania
Coat of arms of Lithuania For the coat of arms. On a red shield, a silver-clad knight straddled a white steed, wielding a silver sword in his right hand, and a blue shield inlaid with double crosses of gold in his left. The emblem of a republic used in the former Soviet Union. There is also a grand coat of arms, guarded by a unicorn and a griffin outside the shield, and an archduke's crown. Under it is the Trident, with the motto "Let unity flourish."

National tree

birch

The national flower

rue

Population nationality

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EDITOR
As of April 2024, it has a population of 2.889 million. Lithuanians make up 83.6%, Poles 6.3%, and Russians 5.0% (2023). There are also Belarusian, Ukrainian, Jewish and other nationalities. The official language is Lithuanian, and most residents understand Russian. It mainly believes in Roman Catholicism, in addition to Eastern Orthodoxy, Protestant Lutheranism and so on. [27]
Population distribution of Lithuania
County name
Population (10,000)
County name
Population (10,000)
Vilnius County
80.64
Mariambolle County
15.41
Kaunas County
58.74
Alitus County
14.99
Klaipeda County
32.91
Tershay County
14.56
Sulai county
28.59
Uena County
14.26
Panevige County
23.88
Taurag District
10.47

political

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EDITOR

constitution

Adamkus, former President of Lithuania
The Constitution of Lithuania was adopted by referendum on October 25, 1992, entered into force on November 2, and has since been amended several times. The current Constitution consists of 15 chapters and 154 articles. It provides that Lithuania is an independent democratic republic, sovereignty belongs to all the people, and all citizens have equal rights. Established as a parliamentary state. Parliament, the country's highest legislature, approves or rejects the president's nominee for prime minister; Appointing and removing state leaders from office; It has the right to impeach the president, but requires the support of more than three-fifths of the lawmakers. The President is elected by direct vote of the citizens for a five-year term, with a maximum of two terms. Any citizen over the age of 40 who has lived continuously in the city for nearly three years may run for President. If the President dies of illness, resigns, is impeached, or is unable to perform his duties due to health reasons, his duties shall be performed by the Speaker. The President is the supreme commander of the armed forces, makes decisions on major foreign affairs issues, appoints and removes the Prime Minister with the consent of the Parliament, and appoints and removes ministers on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. [4]

government

This is the 18th post-independence government, formed in December 2020 by the Union of Fatherland - Lithuanian Christian Democrats, the Freedom Movement Party and the Liberal Party, with 14 ministries. Prime Minister Ingrida SIMONYTE, other cabinet members include: Environment Minister Simonas GENTVILAS, Energy Minister Dainius KREIVYS, Economy and Innovation Minister Ausrine Almonet ARMONAITE, Finance Minister Gintare SKAISTE, Defense Minister Laurynas KASCIUNAS, Culture Minister Simonas Kailis KAIRYS, Monika NAVICKIENE, minister of Social Security and Labor; Marius SKUODIS, minister of Transport and communications; and Arunas Durkis, minister of health DULKYS, Gintautas JAKSTAS, Minister of Education, Science and Sport; Evelina DOBROVOLSKA, Minister of Justice; and Gabrielius Landsbergis, Minister of Foreign affairs LANDSBERGIS, the interior minister, Agne BILOTAITE, and the agriculture minister, Kestutis NAVICKAS. [1] [27]

congress

Map of Lithuania
The Parliament of Lithuania is the highest legislative body of the country and is unicameral, with 141 seats (including the Speaker) (currently 139) serving a four-year term. Every resident citizen over the age of 25 has the right to stand for election to Parliament. Of these, 71 members are elected directly from 71 constituencies across the country, and the remaining 70 are elected by parties entering Parliament, with parties that receive more than 5% of the vote and parties that receive more than 7% of the vote entering Parliament, and seats are allocated according to their share of the vote. The current parliament will be elected in October 2020. The main groups and their seats are: Fatherland Union - Lithuanian Christian Democratic Party 49 seats, Farmers and Green Union Party 19 seats, "in the name of Lithuania" Democratic Union 16 seats, Social Democratic Party 14 seats, Liberal Movement Party 12 seats, Liberal Party 10 seats, Labor Party 7 seats, and the parliamentary group composed of other parties and independent parliamentarians 12 seats. The current Speaker, Viktorija Camilit-Nielsen, was elected in October 2020. [1] [27]

judiciary

Gintaras GODA, President of the Constitutional Court, assumed office in April 2023 for a nine-year term. The President of the Supreme Court, Danguole BUBLIENE, assumed office in March 2023 for a nine-year term. Prosecutor General Nida GRUNSKIENE, appointed in 2020 for a five-year term. [1] [27]

dignitaries

Gitanas Nowseda
The PRESIDENT: Gitanas Nowseda Gitanas NAUSEDA (born 1964 in Klaipeda, Lithuania) is an economist and adjunct professor at Vilnius University Business School. He graduated from Vilnius University, Department of Industrial Economics. He has worked at the Institute of Economics and Privatization, the Competition Commission, the Monetary Policy Department of the Central Bank, and the Bank of Sweden. He was elected president in May 2019 and was sworn in on July 12.
Prime Minister: Ingrida Shimonit Born in 1974 in Vilnius, Lithuania, he received a Bachelor's degree in Business Administration from Vilnius University in 1996 and a Master's degree in economics from Vilnius University in 1998. He has long served in the Lithuanian Ministry of Finance and Vilnius University. He became Finance minister in 2009. He was elected to the Lithuanian Parliament in 2016 and re-elected in 2020. He will become Prime Minister in December 2020. Unmarried, no children.
Speaker: Viktoriya Chimilit-Nielsen, born 1983 in Hioliai, Lithuania, received a Bachelor's degree in English Language and Literature from the University of Latvia in 2007. Former famous professional chess player. She was crowned European Women's Chess champion in 2011. In 2015, he left chess for politics and joined the Freedom Movement Party. He was elected to the Legislature in 2016. He became Chairman of the Freedom Movement Party in September 2019. He will become Speaker in October 2020. Married with four children. [1] [27]

Political party

As of March 2021, there are more than 40 political parties and political organizations registered, the main political parties are:
(1) Homeland Union - Lithuanian Christian Democrats "LITHUANIAN CONSERVATIVES" : the ruling coalition party. It was founded in May 1993 and now has 12,800 party members. Party Chairman Lanz Bergis, grandson of former President Lanz Bergis, is now Foreign Minister.
(2) Liberals' Movement: Coalition party. Founded on February 25, 2006, it is composed mainly of members who have left the Liberal Centre Alliance and currently has a membership of nearly 7,000. The chairman, Viktorija Camilit-Nielsen, is the current Speaker.
(3) Freedom Party: The ruling coalition party. Founded on June 1, 2019, it is mainly composed of members of the Freedom Movement Party, which has more than 3,300 members, and is chaired by Oshrine Almonet (Au? rin? Armonaitre), who is now Minister of Economy and Innovation.
(4) Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union: an opposition party. Founded in 2001, it now has nearly 4,000 members. It has changed its name several times in history, once affecting the image and popularity of its party. The current name has been used since 2012. Party Chairman: Ramunas Karbauskis.
(5) Social Democratic Party of Lithuania: Opposition party. Founded in 1896, it is the oldest political party in the country. It was reestablished on 12 August 1989 and merged with the Democratic Party of Labor of Lithuania (formerly the Communist Party of Lithuania) on 27 January 2001. It now has more than 15,000 party members. President Vilija Blinkevi? i? t?
(6) Labour Party, Lithuanian Labour Party: Opposition party. It was established in October 2003. It has nearly 10,000 members, and its chairman, Andrius Mazuronis, is now Deputy Speaker.
(7) Regions Party, an opposition party, marking the Lithuanian Regions Party, which was renamed from the Social Democratic Labour Party in 2021. Formed in April 2018, the main members are former members of the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party who insisted on continuing cooperation with the Agrarian Green Party after the ruling coalition split in 2017 and left the party. It has more than 3,500 members and is chaired by Jonas Pinskus.
(8) Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania: Founded on 28 August 1994, it currently has 2,100 members. Chairman Valdemar TOMASEVSKI.
(9) Union of Democrats "For Lithuania" : The opposition party, founded on January 29, 2022, consists mainly of members of the Farmers and Green Union Party, which has a current membership of 3,300, and is chaired by Saulius Skvernelis, prime minister of the previous government.
Other political parties include: Freedom and Justice, the Green Party and others. [1]

economy

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EDITOR

summarize

Lithuanian currency 500 litas
Industry and agriculture are relatively developed. After independence through the privatization of enterprises Market economy The economic situation is basically stable. There are three free economic zones in the country: Kaunas, Klaipeda and Hioliai, where there is a good investment climate: a European standard road network, four international airports, an ice-free port (on the eastern Baltic coast) and the first satellite communication system in the region. Industry is the pillar industry of Lithuania, mainly composed of mining and quarrying, processing manufacturing and energy industry three major sectors. Industrial categories are relatively complete, mainly in food, wood processing, textile, chemical industry, machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, petrochemical industry, electronics industry, metal processing industry and other rapid development, the production of high-precision machine tools, instruments, electronic computers and other products sold in more than 80 countries and regions around the world. The capital Vilnius is the national industrial center, and the city's industrial output accounts for more than two-thirds of Lithuania's total industrial output. Agriculture is dominated by high level animal husbandry, accounting for more than 90% of the output value of agricultural products. Crops include flax, potatoes, sugar beets and various vegetables, and grain production is low.
Lithuania's electronics, textile and food processing industries are relatively developed, and the export of sugar, milk and meat products has certain advantages. The transition to a market economy has been basically completed, and the output value of non-state-owned enterprises accounts for 73% of GDP. In 2002, the macroeconomic situation improved further, the financial and tax reforms achieved results, the privatization process continued to deepen, the market supply and demand improved, and the inflow of foreign capital increased. The economy maintained rapid growth, with GDP increasing by 5.9%. However, there are not many pillar industries, the economic development of various regions is unbalanced, the government has limited investment in education, culture, medical care and other fields, and the unemployment rate remains high. [5]
The main economic data of Lithuania for 2022 are as follows:
Gross Domestic Product: 66.8 billion euros
GDP per capita: 23,598 euros
GDP growth rate: 1.9%
Inflation rate: 18.9%
Unemployment rate: 6.0% [1]

industry

Industrial output in 2022 was 28.55 billion euros, an increase of 9.5%. [1]

agriculture

In 2022, the agricultural output value was 5.0.0 billion euros, an increase of 62.8%. [1]
According to the statistics of the National Bureau of Statistics, the output of main agricultural products in 2000, 2001 and 2002 was (thousand tons).
species
The year 2000
The year 2001
The year 2002
Grain
2730.7
2397.5
2602.0
Potatoes
1791.6
1054.4
1531.3
vegetable
329.4
322.0
261.0
beet
881.6
894.1
1029.8
Linen
7.2
4.0
7.8
rapeseed
81
64.8
105.6
Clean meat
264
208
224
Cow's milk
1725
1730
1752
Eggs (billion)
6.92
7.42
7.90

Service industry

The service sector is an important part of Lithuania's national economy, employing 901,200 people in 2009, accounting for 63.6% of the total employed population. In 2009, the revenue of the service industry totaled 12.979 billion litt, down 28.1% year-on-year, accounting for 14.1% of GDP. Among them, commercial services were 5.238 billion litt, an increase of 5.14%; Health care 2.86 billion litt, down 13.4%; Real estate industry 2.023 billion litt, down 52.6%; Sports and entertainment 1.16 billion litt, down 29.4%; Computer and related services 1.08 billion lits, down 12%; Education services amounted to 618 million lites, down 15.7%. [5]

tourism

In 2023, Lithuanian hotels, hotels, nursing homes and other tourism institutions received 3.992 million domestic and foreign tourists, of which 1.37 million foreign tourists, accounting for 34.3%, mainly from Latvia, Poland, Germany and other countries. In 2022, Chinese citizens made 739,000 trips abroad, a year-on-year increase of 143.2 percent, mainly to Latvia, the United Kingdom, Poland and Belarus. By the end of 2023, there are 4,793 hotels and hotels with 43,185 guest rooms. Main tourist attractions: Vilnius Old Town, Trage Castle, Kernavi ruins, Nida Dunes, Palanga, Hiolai Cross Hill, Druskiningai, etc. [1] [27]

Biotechnology industry

Lithuania is a leader in the field of biotechnology in Central and Eastern Europe, relying on genetically engineered drugs and genetically engineered related biochemistry and chemical vectors to enter Western markets. The country's biotechnology companies export products to many countries and are growing rapidly. [5]

Laser industry

Lithuanian laser companies as early as the 1980s into the international laser market, as of September 2014 in some areas in the international leading position, some products market share even more than 50%. [5]

Finance and finance

According to the data of the Lithuanian National Statistical Office, in 2022, the fiscal revenue of the state government was 23.655 billion euros, an increase of 13.3%, and the expenditure was 23.733 billion euros, an increase of 10.7%. [1]
There are more than 10 banks in total, and the main banks and assets are as follows:
1. Vilniaus Bank with assets of 6,048 million lits, deposits and letters of credit worth 4,162 million lits and loans of 2,744 million lits.
2. Hansa Lithuanian Savings Bank (HANSA-LTB) with assets of 3,959 million lits, deposits and letters of credit worth 3,366 million lits and loans of 1,206 million lits.
3. Agricultural Bank of Lithuania, with assets of 1.792 billion lits, deposits and letters of credit worth 1.179 billion lits and loans of 958 million lits.
4. "Snoras" Bank with assets of 901 million lits, deposits and letters of credit worth 686 million lits and loans of 548 million lits. [5]

foreign trade

In 2023, the total import and export volume was 84.24 billion euros, of which the export value was 39.44 billion euros, a decrease of 11.0%, and the import value was 44.08 billion euros, a decrease of 14.7%. [27]
The main export commodities are mineral products, mechanical and electrical equipment, electrical equipment, wood, etc. The main import commodities are mineral products, mechanical and electrical equipment, electrical equipment, chemical products, vegetables and fruits, etc. The volume of imports and exports in recent years is as follows (unit: 100 million euros) :
The year 2021
2022
2023
Value of exports
345.7
443.1
394.4
Amount of imports
377.5
525.4
448.0
balance
31.8
82.3
53.6
Reference materials: [27]
In 2022, Latvia will be the main export destination, accounting for 13.2% of total exports, followed by Poland (8.35%), Germany (7.55%), and Russia (6.14%). The main importers were Poland (12.1%) and Germany (11%), followed by Latvia (8.02%) and the United States (6.5%). [1] [27]

Foreign capital

By the end of 2023, Lithuania had attracted a cumulative foreign direct investment of 33.15 billion euros, an increase of 11.0% over the previous year. Foreign investment is mainly concentrated in manufacturing, finance and insurance, real estate, wholesale and retail, motor vehicle and motorcycle maintenance, information and communication. [1] [27]

Foreign investment

By the end of 2023, Lithuania's foreign direct investment accumulated 13.30 billion euros, up 25.9% from the previous year. Of the total outbound investment, 60.3% went to EU countries. Foreign investment is mainly concentrated in teaching, research and technological activities, manufacturing, wholesale and retail, motor vehicle and motorcycle repair, finance and insurance. [1] [27]

Foreign aid

In the first half of 2000, Lithuania received a total of 132.6 million lits in various forms of financial and humanitarian assistance, an increase of 61.6 per cent, of which 103 million were provided in material form. 15.9% of the aid came from Lithuanian companies and individuals, and the remaining 84.1% came from 35 countries around the world, mainly: the United States 60 million lites, Germany 22 million lites, France 7.9 million lites, Denmark 4.5 million lites, Norway 1.9 million lites, Poland 1.58 million lites. [5]

culture

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EDITOR

religion

Predominantly Roman Catholicism In addition to Orthodox Church , Lutheranism Let's wait. [3]

Festivals

Traditional dance of Lithuania
Lithuanians also enjoy an annual leave of 28 days in addition to public holidays, which culminates between July and September each year. [3]
Festivals
date
Festival name
January 1, 1991
New Year's Day
February 16, 1918
National Reconstruction Day (February 16, 1918, Lithuania proclaimed the reconstruction of the State and the establishment of the Republic of Lithuania)
March 11, 1990
Restore Independence Day
May 1st, 1886
May Festival
First Sunday in May
Mother's Day
July 6, 1253
National Day
November 1st
Halloween and Day of Mourning for the Dead
December 25th
Christmas

diet

Lithuanians mainly eat pasta, potatoes, beets, cabbage, pork, mutton and dairy products. Ham, sausage and bacon are their traditional meat products. They generally like baked food, but also like to eat porridge cooked with potatoes or peas and sweet dumplings made with mashed potatoes, milk residue and minced meat, pork sausage is also their common food. They like Russian Western-style food, and are accustomed to using knives, forks and spoons as tableware. They are also interested in Chinese cuisine, especially well-cooked and flavored dishes.

Military affairs

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National defense

Lithuanian soldiers
The army was formed on 19 November 1992 and joined on 29 March 2004 North Atlantic Treaty Organization . The President is the Supreme Commander of the armed forces, and the National Defense Council is the decision-making body assisting the president in dealing with national defense affairs. It is composed of the President, the Speaker of Parliament, the Prime Minister, the Minister of Defense and the commanders of the armed forces. At the present stage, the dual-track leadership system of military administration and military order is implemented, which separates the administrative leadership from the operational command, that is, the civilian personnel of the Ministry of National Defense controls the army, and the commanders of the three armed forces and the defense staff under their leadership direct the troops to carry out various combat training tasks. The current commander of the Armed Forces is Lt. Gen. Valdemaras RUPSYS. [1]
Lithuania's national security policy is open, transparent and non-confrontational, and it does not consider any direct military threat to its national security and does not regard any country as an enemy. [4]

Military expenditure

The defense budget for 2024 is 2.09 billion euros, or 2.75% of GDP. [1] [27]

Military strength

In 2020, there will be more than 21,000 people in the army, air Force, navy, special operations forces, logistics support forces, military education and training institutions and units, including about 8,000 people in the army, about 1,000 people in the air Force, about 600 people in the Navy, and more than 6,000 reservists. [1]

Foreign garrison

Lithuania became a NATO member in 2004 and since 2019 has been hosting a rotating U.S. force and a German-led NATO battalion. [15]

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railway

As part of the former Soviet Union transport network, Lithuanian railways are easily connected to Russia and other CIS countries. By the end of 2017, Lithuania had 2,35.7 km of railway track, 1,911.3 km of which 1,789.3 km of non-electrified routes (including 1,453.6 km of monorail lines and 335.7 km of double-track lines) and 122 km of electrified routes (including 5 km of monorail lines and 117 km of double-track lines). The north-south Route 1 railway network and the east-west Route 9 railway network make Lithuania an important cargo transport corridor connecting Eastern and Western Europe.
The main railway lines include: (1) Corridor I, which connects Helsinki, Tallinn, Riga, Kaunas, Warsaw and other cities; (2) Corridor II1A, connecting the cities of Shulai, Kaliningrad and Gdansk; (3) IXB corridor, connecting Kiev, Minsk, Vilnius, Klaipeda and other cities; (4) Corridor IX, connecting Keshia Doris, Kaunas, Kaliningrad and other cities.
In 2019, Lithuanian railways carried a total of 5.51 million passengers and completed 55.21 million tons of freight, of which inbound freight was 22.94 million tons, outbound freight was 5.01 million tons, transit freight was 11.58 million tons and domestic freight was 15.67 million tons. [25]

highroad

Lithuania has a well-developed road network connecting it with Europe and the CIS countries. At the end of 2017, the total length of roads in Lithuania was 84,317 km, of which 21,241 km were national roads, including 1,751 km of trunk roads, 4,925 km of state roads and 14,566 km of county roads. Road freight is developed, and there are 100,000 truck drivers in the country.
There are six major European roads passing through Lithuania: (1) The E67, which spans the three Baltic countries, runs through the two major cities of Kaunas and Panevzh in Lithuania, passes through Riga and Tallinn in the north, and leads directly to Helsinki, and to Warsaw and Budapest in the south; (2) The E28 runs across Lithuania, passing through major cities such as Mariampolje and Vilnius, through Kaliningrad and Gdansk to Berlin and east to Minsk, Gomel and other cities; (3) The E77 connects Pskov, Riga, Shulai, Kaliningrad, Gdansk, Krakev, Budapest and other cities; (4) The E85 highway connects Klaipeda, Kaunas, Vilnius, Lida, Bucharest and other cities; (5) The E262 connects Ostrov in Russia to Taogvpeirse in Latvia and to Kaunas; (6) The E272 connects Klaipeda, Palanga, Shulai, Panevige to Vilnius. [25]

Water transport

The port of Brepeda
Lithuania has a good maritime foundation, Klaipeda port is located in the west of Lithuania, the geographical position is advantageous, is the northernmost deep-water ice-free port on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, is the main outlet of Belarus, Kazakhstan and other CIS countries, is one of the important hubs of East and West sea, road, rail transport.
Klaipeda Port is a multi-purpose seaport capable of transporting fertilizers, petroleum products, agricultural products, ores, metals and timber, as well as ro-ro and containerized freight. The water depth at the entrance of the port is 15.5 meters, the channel is 15 meters deep, and it can berth dry cargo ships under 100,000 DWT, oil tankers under 160,000 DWT, and container ships under 12,000 TEU.
The port area of Klaipeda is 552.5 hectares, the water surface area is 884.9 hectares, the total length of the dock is 24.7 kilometers, the port area railway is 102 kilometers, the north breakwater is 733 meters long, the south breakwater is 1374 meters long. Port area general warehouse 99,380 square meters, bulk storage capacity 933,700 tons, cold storage capacity 66,000 tons, open storage yard 1,045,879 square meters, liquid storage tank 749,000 cubic meters.
Goods entering and leaving Klaipeda Port can be transported by rail and road, and currently more than 70% of goods are transported by rail, including petroleum products, fertilizers, metal products, grain, raw sugar, etc. There are two railway stations serving the port, 433 km from the port to the Belarusian border station, 595 km to Minsk and 1303 km to Moscow. At present, there are two freight trains from Klaipeda port to Ukraine's Black Sea ports and Moscow: VIKING from Klaipeda - Kiev-Odesa/Ilichevsk port and MERKURIJUS from Klaipeda/Kaliningrad Port - Minsk - Moscow. The freight train from Klaipeda Port to Odessa facilitates the movement of goods between the Central Asian countries and the Nordic countries. In recent years, the amount of goods transported by road has also increased, including containers, ro-ro cargo, food, etc. By road from the port to Vilnius 315 km, to Minsk 482 km, to Moscow 1150 km.
In 2007, Lithuania invested in the rehabilitation and reconstruction of 561 meters of the port pier and 1,241 meters of the port railway, and the depth of the port was deepened to 15 meters. In 2008, 636 meters of wharf and 4,221 meters of port rail were built or rebuilt. At present, Lithuania plans to build a new deep water port with a depth of 17 meters in addition to the existing port. With Lithuania's accession to the euro zone, Klaipeda Port is expected to play a greater role in the Eurasian land Bridge and in the transport chain between Eastern and Western Europe.
In 2018, the cargo throughput of Klaipeda Port was 46.58 million tons, of which 10.33 million tons of liquid bulk cargo, 19.85 million tons of dry cargo, and 16.4 million tons of general cargo. During the same period, container throughput was 75 TEU. In 2017, Klaipeda Port generated revenue of 59.8 million euros, including port fees of 4232 million euros (87%) and land rents of 730 million euros (13%). [25]

Air freight

Lithuania is easily accessible by air, with four main national international airports, located in Vilnius, Kaunas, Surai and Palanga. Vilnius International Airport is the most important air passenger hub in Lithuania. In 2019, Lithuania carried 6.5 million civil air passengers.
There are direct flights from Vilnius to Amsterdam, Berlin, Brussels, Copenhagen, Frankfurt, Helsinki, Kiev, London, Moscow, Prague, Riga, Stockholm, Paris, Rome, Milan, Hamburg, Munich, Oslo, Vienna, Warsaw, Tallinn, Istanbul and other cities. [25]

pipeline

Lithuania has 500 km of oil pipelines and 8,300 km of natural gas pipelines. In 2008, the total volume of oil pipelines was 18.429,500 tons, an increase of 57.3%. [5]

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education

Vilnius University
The main administrative bodies for education are the Ministry of Education and Science, the Parliamentary Commission for UNESCO and the National Scientific Council. Major educational issues are decided by Parliament or the Government in consultation with the National Science Council. The 10-year basic education system is adopted, namely primary school (grades 1 to 4) and basic high school (grades 5 to 10). After the basic secondary school, students can choose to enter a high school (2 years), a vocational school (3 to 4 years), a conservatory (6 years) or a vocational education center. After graduating from high school, students can enter universities for a period of 4 to 5 years of undergraduate study. In addition, intensive high schools (usually private secondary schools) (4 years), special education schools (for children with disabilities) and youth schools have been established.
In the 2022/2023 academic year, there are 910 schools of various types, with a total number of registered students of 473,698 and a total number of teachers of 40,789. There are 17 universities in China, with 102,366 students and 10,386 teachers. The main institutions of higher learning are: Vilnius University, Vilnius Normal University, Gediminas University of Technology, Kaunas Vytautas University, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas Medical College and Lithuanian Military Academy. Founded in 1579, Vilnius University is the most famous comprehensive university and one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in Europe, with 22,000 students. [3]
16 May 2020, Lithuania" Chinese bridge In the Chinese Language competition, 10 students from 5 secondary schools and one university participated. [6]

Science and technology

Lithuania attaches great importance to the development of science and technology, the government uses the construction of high-tech parks and clusters to create conditions for scientific research, the key areas include: biotechnology, communications, laser and medical equipment. The use of modern communications such as the Internet and mobile phones is at the forefront of the EU. [3]

Medical treatment

After Lithuania's independence, state-owned general hospitals, specialized hospitals and state clinics at all levels have been repaired and renovated to a large extent, medical equipment has been introduced and updated, and the professional level of medical staff has been improved.
According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, in 2011, Lithuania's total national health expenditure accounted for 6.7% of GDP, and the per capita health expenditure was $1,352 in purchasing power parity terms. Between 2006 and 2012, there were an average of 70 hospital beds per 10,000 people. [3]

Physical education

The main sport in Lithuania is basketball. The Lithuanian men's national basketball team is ranked 5th in the world. As a strong European team, it has won the European Championship three times, and has participated in the Olympic men's basketball competition four times, winning the bronze medal three times. Former head coach of Chinese men's basketball team Yunus Also Lithuanian. The Lithuanian team had Kleiza, Machianskas and Sangaila Wait for NBA stars. As an old European team, the Lithuanian men's basketball team adheres to the traditional European practical style of play, and is also characterized by the overall style of play. The team members are skilled, have a good sense of cooperation and are good at fighting hard. [3]

medium

The main Lithuanian newspapers are: "Lithuanian Morning", "Republic", "Evening Izvestia", "Business News", "Kaunas Daily", "Western Express", "People magazine".
The main news agencies are: Lithuanian News Agency (ELTA), Baltic News Agency (BNS), and other private news agencies.
The main television stations are: Lithuanian Television (LTV), Free Independent Channel (LNK), TV "TV-3", TV "TV-4" and so on.
The main radio stations are: the state radio - Lithuanian Radio, "M-1" radio, "Central Radio", "Freedom Wave" radio, Russian radio "Russian Radio", Polish radio "ZNAD WILII" and so on. [3]

People's livelihood

At the beginning of 2007, the national residential area was 81.4 million square meters, with per capita housing area of 24.1 square meters, 22.9 square meters for urban residents and 26.3 square meters for rural residents. There are 174 hospitals with 27,114 beds and 13,510 doctors, or 80.1 beds and 39.9 doctors per 10,000 inhabitants. By the beginning of 2007, there were 792,400 fixed-line telephones, 4,718,200 mobile phone users, and 42 percent and 40.3 percent of household computer and Internet penetration rates, respectively.
By the end of 2008, the monthly salary of the residents was 2,174 litt (about 630 euros), an increase of 20.6% over 2007, the real income after tax was 1,667.2 litt, an increase of 23.3%, and the average pension was 770 litt (about 223 euros), an increase of 29.4%. The average unemployment rate for all of 2008 was 5.8%. At the end of 2008, 94,300 people were registered as unemployed. [3]

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Foreign policy

It joined NATO on 29 March 2004 and on 1 May 2004 European Union . On December 21, 2007, it officially became Schengen Agreement Member states. It pursues a pragmatic foreign policy, attaches importance to good-neighborly friendship and cooperation, and strives to expand its influence in the Baltic Sea region and even the EU. It has taken an active part in international affairs and has joined more than 60 international and regional organizations. Vigorously develop relations with Ukraine, Moldova, Transcaucasia and Balkan countries, and support their accession to the EU and NATO. In 2011, China assumed the rotating presidency of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE), actively promoting the organization's external cooperation in dealing with transnational threats, maintaining regional security, and developing relations with Mediterranean countries. In 2012, he served as Coordinator of the eight-nation Regional Cooperation Mechanism for the Baltic Sea and Northern Europe. In the second half of 2013, he took over the rotating presidency of the European Union, which will promote economic growth, employment, energy security and the Eastern Partnership as its main tasks. He was a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council from 2014 to 2015. As of September 2021, the total number of countries with which Lithuania has diplomatic relations is 189.

External relations

  • Relations with the European Union
On 31 December 2009, the Ignalina nuclear Power plant in Lithuania was officially shut down in accordance with an agreement signed between Lithuania and the European Union.
On July 1, 2013, the Lithuanian government held a grand flag-raising ceremony to officially take over the rotating presidency of the European Union from Ireland. Lithuanian Prime Minister Bukevicius, Lithuanian government officials and foreign envoys attended the flag-raising ceremony.
Speaking at the flag-raising ceremony, Butkevicius said that during its presidency of the EU, Lithuania has ambitious plans to accelerate the implementation of agreements on economic growth and job creation. In addition, Lithuania will work on energy issues, strive to establish the EU internal energy market in 2014, increase investment in pan-European energy infrastructure, and promote the Eastern Partnership program.
According to the schedule, the official launch ceremony of Lithuania's rotating presidency of the EU will be held in Strasbourg, France, on July 3, when Lithuanian President Grybauskaite will brief the European Parliament on the work priorities of Lithuania's rotating presidency and answer questions from European Parliamentarians. During the EU presidency, Lithuania will host nearly 3,000 events and meetings in Brussels and other places, and 180 events in Lithuania, including 16 ministerial meetings.
Lithuania is the first country in the Baltic region to hold the rotating presidency of the European Union. On 1 January 2014, Greece took over the presidency of the European Union from Lithuania.
  • Relations with the United States
On 6 September 1991, diplomatic relations with the United States were established. Since its independence, Lithuania has maintained close relations with the United States, basically supported the position of the United States on major international issues, and actively participated in military operations led by the United States. Us politicians have repeatedly spoken highly of the country's role in international counter-terrorism operations, calling it a reliable partner. Bilateral relations developed smoothly in 2008. In August 2013, the presidents of the three Baltic States (Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania) visited the United States to meet with President Barack Obama and exchange views on strengthening strategic cooperation, energy security cooperation, cyber information security and trans-Atlantic economic and trade cooperation.
  • Relations with Russia
On 9 October 1991, diplomatic relations were established with Russia. The State attaches great importance to the development of relations with Russia, with particular emphasis on the development of mutually beneficial cooperation with the Russian Kaliningrad Region. At the same time, Cubic actively promotes the EU to adopt a unified position on energy issues and other policies toward Russia to ensure the interests of all member states. After the outbreak of the conflict in South Ossetia, Li accused Russia of unilaterally provoking the war against Georgia, stressed that Russia had not fulfilled its international obligations on the issue of South Ossetia, and pushed the European Union and NATO to take a tougher stance against Russia, and the relations between Russia and Russia became cold. The two countries are also at odds over issues such as energy supplies and the assessment of historical issues related to the former Soviet Union.
On December 16, 2021, TASS reported that Russian Foreign Ministry spokesperson Zakharova commented on Lithuania's proposed sanctions against Belarus, saying that Russia will not ignore Lithuania's proposed ban on the transit of Belarusian goods, and will respond, and Moscow urged Lithuania not to take the path of damaging economic relations. [16]
On March 8, 2022, after the Lithuanian Central Election Commission (VRK) failed to secure enough votes to expel Russian and Belarusian representatives from the Association of European Election Officials (ACEEEO), the Lithuanian side decided to withdraw from the international organization. [19]
On 4 April, Lithuania downgraded its diplomatic relations with Russia, recalled the Lithuanian ambassador to Russia, and announced the expulsion of the Russian ambassador from Vilnius. [20]
On September 13, the Russian Association of Travel Agents said that nine EU countries have stopped accepting documents for Russians to issue tourist visas, including Republic of Lithuania [22] .
On September 19, Lithuania and four other EU countries bordering Russia stopped issuing Schengen visas to Russian citizens and banned Russian citizens with Schengen visas from entering the EU. [23]
On October 3, according to RIA Novosti, Lithuania announced the expulsion of Sergei Ryaboko, the Russian Charge d 'affaires in Lithuania. [24]
  • Relations with neighboring countries
Lithuania has traditional ties with Latvia and Estonia in politics, economy, history, geography and culture. In addition to the regular meeting mechanism of heads of state, heads of government and ministers, the three countries have also established the Baltic Sea Assembly, the Economic Forum of the Baltic Sea Region and the Trilateral Capital meeting mechanism. The three countries enjoy frequent exchanges at all levels.
  • Relations with China
Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 14 September 1991.
In 2012, neutral relations developed smoothly and cooperation in various fields deepened. In April, Wen Jiabao The Prime Minister met and attended in Warsaw, Poland Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries Prime Minister of Lithuania Andrius Kubilius . In May, Deputy Speaker of the Lithuanian Parliament Tamasauskas led a group of parliamentarians to visit China. In September, Lithuanian Prime Minister Kubilius attended the Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2012 of the World Economic Forum in China and met with Premier Wen Jiabao. Minister of Economic Affairs Rilius came to China to attend the 16th China International Fair for Investment and Trade and visit Shandong Province. Vice Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress in September Yan Junqi Supreme People's Court Zhang Jiannan Visit the state. In October, Vice Minister of Commerce Chen Jian visited the state.
In 2013, the neutral relationship continued to develop. Premier of The State Council in November Li Keqiang Met with Prime Minister of Lithuania attending the Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries in Bucharest, Romania Algirdas Butkevicius .
He was elected president in August 2014 Grybauskaite , Prime Minister Butkevicius, Speaker Lolita Glauzinione Minister of Foreign Affairs Linus Antanas Linkevicius respectively Yunnan (Province) Zhaotong the Ludian earthquake to Xi Jinping 主席、李克强总理、 Zhang Dejiang Chairman and chairman Wang Yi The Foreign Minister sent a letter of sympathy. Serbia Belgrade Met with Prime Minister Butkevicius who attended the Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries.
In February 2015, Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi met with Chinese Foreign Minister Linkevicius on the sidelines of the open debate of the UN Security Council in New York. In June, Zhang Gaoli During his visit, the Vice Premier met and held talks with Lithuanian President Grybauskaite and Prime Minister Butkevicius respectively.
In April 2017, Chairman Zhang Dejiang visited Lithuania and met with President Grybauskaite and Prime Minister of Lithuania Saulius Skvenelis , President Viktoras Planciketis Meet and hold talks respectively. In May, Minister of Transport and Communications of the People's Republic of China Matheulis attended the high-level meeting of the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in China. In June, the Lithuanian State Railway Company and China Railway Corporation The Memorandum of cooperation was signed, and the first China-Europe train stopped in Lithuania. In August, the two sides signed an action plan for cooperation in the field of agriculture for 2018-2020. In September, Minister of Agriculture Markauskas visited China. In September, the Minister of Culture was appointed Leanna Ruokit - Jonson Visit China. In October, the two countries held the 13th regular meeting of the Mixed Committee on Economic and Trade Cooperation in Beijing.
2018年1月，立议长普兰茨凯蒂斯随北欧和波罗的海国家议长集体访华，习近平主席、 Yang Jiechi State Councillors met collectively and Chairman Zhang Dejiang held collective talks. [1]
On May 21, 2021, Lithuanian Foreign Minister Gabrielius Landsbergis announced that the country had withdrawn China-central and Eastern European countries cooperation The inter-regional cooperation mechanism "17+1". He claimed the scheme had "created division" in the EU and urged the rest of the bloc to leave as well. [9] On August 10, in response to Lithuania's announcement that it would allow Taiwan authorities to set up a so-called "representative office" in the name of "Taiwan", the Chinese Foreign Ministry announced the recall of the Chinese ambassador to Lithuania and asked the government to recall its ambassador to China make [10] .
On September 3, Lithuania said it had recalled its ambassador to Beijing. [12]
According to Chinese Customs statistics, in 2023, the neutral trade volume was 2.093 billion US dollars, an increase of 11.3%, of which China's exports were 1.959 billion US dollars, an increase of 9.4%, and imports were 135 million US dollars, an increase of 50%. [27]
Diplomatic relations were downgraded to charge d 'affaires
On November 18, 2021, despite China's solemn protests and repeated representations, Lithuania allowed the Taiwan authorities to set up a "representative Office in Lithuania and Taiwan". This act blatantly creates "one China, one Taiwan" in the international community, reneges on the political commitment made by Cube in the communique on the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries, undermines China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and grossly interferes in China's internal affairs. From the goodwill of maintaining neutral relations, the Chinese government has repeatedly warned the Cube not to do anything perfidious again. Regrettably, Lithuania has ignored the solemn position of the Chinese government, ignored the overall situation of bilateral relations and the basic norms governing international relations, and insisted on allowing the establishment of a "representative office" in Lithuania in the name of Taiwan, setting a bad precedent in the international community. In view of the fact that the political foundation upon which the diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level were established has been undermined, and the Chinese government, in order to safeguard its sovereignty and the basic norms governing international relations, expresses its strong dissatisfaction and solemn protest, and decides to downgrade the diplomatic relations between the two countries to the status of charge d 'affaires Lv. [13-14]
A senior Lithuanian agriculture Ministry official has asked Taipei to speed up import permits for the Baltic country's agricultural products, as it could benefit from access to Taiwan's market in the context of China's so-called "economic sanctions".
立陶宛农业部国际事务与出口行销部门主管凡库斯在接受台媒采访时宣称，立陶宛产品在中国遭“卡关”、“政治抵制”，台当局可提供协助，让还在运途中或在中国大陆无法清关的货品转运至台湾。 [17]
Us backs Lithuanian Foreign Ministry response
On August 23, 2021, the Chinese Foreign Ministry held a regular press conference. A reporter asked, according to reports, US Secretary of State Blinken said in a phone call with Lithuanian Foreign Minister Landsberges on August 21 that the relationship between the US and its NATO Allies is unbreakable, and the US firmly supports the third party in facing China's "coercive" behavior. What is China's comment?
In response, Foreign ministry spokesperson Wang Wenbin The rights and wrongs of the diplomatic dispute between China and Lithuania are very clear. I want to reiterate once again that China has the right to make resolute and necessary responses to provocative acts that seriously undermine China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. At the same time, I want to tell the US that China will not coerce any country, nor will it be coerced by any country. Let the United States wear the "coercive diplomacy" hat. [11]
Anti-china lawmaker
February 2021 Member of the Parliament of Lithuania Zacharienne Introduced a bill in the Lithuanian parliament to follow the former US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo , identify Xinjiang Exist" genocide ". On March 22, China announced its decision to impose sanctions on Sakalienne. [7]
In March 2022, Lithuanian Minister of Economy and Innovation Almonet openly threatened that the country was ready to set up a so-called "economic and trade office" in Taiwan. After the news reached Taiwan, the Taiwanese authorities were quick to boast about it. On March 26, Taiwan's foreign affairs department responded that the previous government had applied to Taiwan, hoping to set up a "representative office" in Taiwan. After confirming the fact, Taiwan's foreign affairs department vigorously expressed its gratitude to the opposing side, saying that it would continue to provide various assistance to Li.
On August 7 of the same year, the Deputy Minister of Transport and Communications of Lithuania, Vajchukevicut, led a delegation to Taiwan for a five-day visit.
Wang Wenbin: We strongly condemn the Lithuanian anti-China forces' deliberate violation of China's sovereignty and gross interference in China's internal affairs. China will resolutely respond to the malicious provocations by relevant personnel of the Cubic side that challenge the One-China principle and undermine China's sovereignty and territorial integrity. We urge cubic officials don't continues to act as the "Taiwan independence" and anti-china forces piece, not on the wrong road more walk more far. [21]
  • Relations with international organizations
We support the early reform of the United Nations and believe that the United Nations should enhance its transparency, professionalism and efficiency through reform and strengthen the authority of the Security Council. Active participation in international peacekeeping operations, in Iraq , Afghanistan , Kosovo Soldiers or civilian police have been stationed in hot spots such as the United States, and since 2005, they have taken the lead in many countries Peacekeeping force Rebuilding in Afghanistan.

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EDITOR
A national park in Lithuania
Places to visit in the city include St. Anna's Church (St. Anne), Dawn Gate (Gates of Dawn), Holy Trinity, Basilian Monastery, Vilnius University (Vilnius), Vilnius Cathedral (Vilnius), Gediminasta (Gediminas), Cross hill Let's wait.

Cross hill

The most memorable Cross hill (Hillof Crosses). The Hill of the Cross is a very thin hill with tens of thousands of different types of crosses, each of which bears witness to a remarkable history of Lithuania. The wars and revolutions since the founding of Lithuania are preserved on these crosses.

St. Anna's Church

The church of St. Anne, located in Crakowskie Przedmiescie, on the highest slope of the Vistura River and the most beautiful in Warsaw, was founded by Princess Mazowsze Duches Anne and her son Boleslaw IV, Built in 1454 for the priests of the Bernardine order, the church suffered a retreat in 1515 and 1657, leaving only the Gothic Chancel part of the original structure. What is most worth visiting is the splendid baroque design and furnishings of the interior of the church, which is covered with famous paintings of the 1740s, crystal lamps hanging from the ceiling, sculptures and ICONS covered in gold leaf, and the whole church is illuminated.
Next to the church of St. Anna stands the statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Passau, completed in 1683, which is also a sculpture untouched during the great turmoil in Poland, and the statue holds the Holy Child in both hands, showing a kind and touching.
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