Tie-dye is called zaven in ancient times, crepe In ancient times, the common anti-dyeing printed textiles are stranded valerian, wax valerian and sandwich valerian. ^[20] It is a traditional and unique dyeing process of the Han folk. Fabric A type of dye that is partially tied off during dyeing to render it uncolored Dye Methods, traditional Chinese Hand dyeing One of the technologies.

Tie-dye process is divided into tying and Dye Two parts. It is through yarn, thread, rope and other tools, the fabric is tied, stitched, tied, tied, clip and other forms of combination after dyeing. ^[1] its Process characteristics It is a kind of printing and dyeing technology in which the thread is twisted into a knot after being printed and printed, and then the thread is removed. It has more than 100 different techniques, each with its own characteristics. As in its "roll on the hinge", rich color, natural change, infinite interest. What is even more amazing is that each flower, even if there are thousands of flowers, will not appear the same after dyeing. This unique artistic effect is difficult to achieve by mechanical printing and dyeing process. ^[2]

In 2007, Zhang Shishen from Zhoucheng City in Dali, Yunnan Province, was identified as a national tie-dye inheritor. ^[3] In 2011, Hai 'an County The application of Nantong tie-dyeing techniques is included in Jiangsu provincial Intangible cultural heritage List . ^[4] In 2014, Jiao Baolin was named the provincial inheritor of Nantong tie-dyeing skills. ^[5] Dali City Zhoucheng Puzhen variety dye house was included in the Ministry of Culture National demonstration base for the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage . ^[6]

Chinese name: Valerian binding, stranding, clamping and dyeing
Foreign name: bandhnu, plangi, tie-dye
Approval time: The year 2006
Intangible cultural heritage level: National level

Heritage number: Ⅷ - 26
Application area: Yunnan Province Dali City Zhou Cheng Zigong City, Sichuan Province
Non-genetic heirs: Zhang Shishen , Zhang Xiaoping
Protection unit: Zigong City tie-dye craft factory
Other origin: India , Japan , Thailand , Indonesia

catalogue

origin

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EDITOR

A variety of tie-dye patterns

Tie-dye has a long history. Originated in the Yellow River basin. When it started is still uncertain. According to records, as early as the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the knot anti-dyeing silk has been produced in large quantities. The work of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in 408 AD, tie-dyeing was already mature in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. At that time, there were relatively simple small clusters of patterns, such as butterflies, wintersweet, begonia, etc. There is also a whole pattern pattern, such as white dots of "caviar valerian", dots slightly larger "agate valerian", purple white flower spots like sika deer "deer embryo valerian" and so on. ^[7] In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, tie-dye products were widely used in the clothing of Han women. The Tang Dynasty was the heyday of ancient Chinese culture, and the woven textiles were very popular and more common, and the "green and blue valerian dress" became the basic fashion pattern of the Tang Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, winch products were very popular in the Central Plains and northern areas. ^[8]

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EDITOR

Restoration Han Jin 纐 valerian silk skirt

Piece goods It is the carrier of tie-dye, and there is no textile Cloth and silk Silk, without such a carrier, it is impossible to have any painted art on the carrier.

From the existing historical materials, the history of China's textile can be traced back to at least Shang Dynasty or The Western Zhou Dynasty (206 B.C.) . In the tombs of the Shang Dynasty and the Western Zhou Dynasty, many jade silkworms were found, which shows that people paid great attention to sericulture at that time. In the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States Period, the silk weaving technology made rapid progress. From the physical objects and documents unearthed at that time, there were many kinds of silk fabrics with exquisite patterns. When the han dynasty, silk fabrics and dyeing techniques have made considerable progress, category can be divided into cotton, silk, yee, luo, practice, Wan spun silk yarn,, didi More than ten categories, such as satin. At the same time, it also formed a silk weaving production center in Linzi, Xiangyi and other places in the Central Plains.

Not too long after the formation of the basic economic form of our traditional society with men farming and women weaving, there appeared in the social trend of thought" Weaver girl "The worship of. Han Dynasty stone relief There is a beautiful image of "Weaver Girl" in the star image. The stone statue of "Weaver Girl" was also found beside the pool of Kunming in Chang 'an of the Western Han Dynasty. The "Weaver Girl" in these cultural relics is the deified image of countless women engaged in textile, embroidery, sewing and other handicraft labor in China.

Upper Ru of the Western Jin Dynasty (2 photos)

There are also many descriptions and descriptions of textile production labor in ancient literature. For example, "Mozi · Ci" : "women's work is literary", that is to say, in the Spring and Autumn period, Weaver's labor has not only textile cloth, but also in cloth, silk weaving "literary". Meng Jiao " Zifu Ci "Said:" The strength of the day has been tired, ceaselessly under the window of the machine ", vividly depicts the hard work of the weaver girls; Wang Jian broccolini "The red wisps are luxuriantly purple and soft, the butterflies are flying and the flowers are circling." The sound of a shuttle is as heavy as a shuttle, and the jade wrist keeps rolling up its sleeves." It depicts the ingenious textile labor of Weaver Girl. It is their work day and night that creates the world-famous Chinese textile, weaving and dyeing products.

What was the original weaving machine used by the ancient weaver girls? I think it is roughly what the literature says about the "loom." The Eastern Han Dynasty (206 B.C.) Wang Yi "Weaving Fu" : "delicate and quiet female, the meridian of the network", "shake more than the volume, the posture of the pitching", is right Weaver girl Wonderful depiction of labor. It is their hard work, weaving "square yee wrong, very wonderful poor strange, insects, birds, animals, things have its appropriate" exquisite textiles.

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EDITOR

Qin and Han Dynasties

Tie-dyeing "began in the Qin and Han Dynasties" (work instrument record), has thousands of years of history, this ancient Dyeing valerian In the wonderful, has been their own unique and wonderful beauty ingrained in the people, embellish and beautify the people's lives. Simple, natural and interesting tie-dye this ancient dyeing flower, will be in the central plains of the land to shine again, more gorgeous.

The glorious age of Tang Dynasty

Tie and dye and wear silks

In the Southern and Northern Dynasties, tie-dye products were widely used in women's clothing, and there are records of "Zivalru" (i.e. jacket) and "green skirt" in the "Soushen Hou Ji", and "Zivalru" means "deer tire valerian". design The top of... Tang Dynasty is the heyday of Chinese ancient culture, the textile is very popular, more common, in the Tang poetry we can see that the popular dress of women at that time is to wear "green green valerian", with "flat head small grass shoes". In the court is widely popular pattern of fine silk, "blue dress" became the basic style of the Tang Dynasty fashion. In the flourishing Tang Dynasty, tie-dye technology was introduced into Japan and other countries, and Japan regarded China's tie-dye technology as a national treasure Todaiji Inside, there is also preserved the five-colored skein of the Tang Dynasty in China. After Japan and spread into China's Yunnan, because of the rich water resources in Yunnan-Guizhou area, the climate is mild, so the ancient tie-dyeing technology settled there. In the sixteenth year of the Tang Zhenyuan Dynasty, the Nanzhao dance team went to Chang 'an to show their skills, and the dance clothes "skirt ruqun, birds, beasts, vegetation and trees, Wen with eight colors miscellaneous leather" were made of tie-dye.

Song Dynasty

Restore ancient tie-dyed upper jackets

The use of tie-dye techniques. Make the fabric rich in changes, not only simple and thick primitive, but also changing and flowing modern beauty, with the beauty of Chinese painting and ink charm and magical hazy beauty, tie-dye clothing is based on national culture, both traditional and modern clothing art creation. There are various kinds of grain effects such as pinch dyeing, grasping dyeing, string dyeing and overlapping dyeing. In the same Fabric Multiple application ligate The process of multiple dyeing can make the traditional tie-dyeing process develop from monochrome to a variety of color effects. Dyes were commonly used in ancient times Vegetable dye , also known as grass and wood dyeing. Commonly used dyes are Safflower flower Comfrey, indigo and so on. At that time, the tie-dyeing techniques were rice dyeing, face dyeing, bean dyeing and so on. That is, the soybean flour and lime are mixed into an anti-dye paddle, which is coated on the cloth through the flower board, and then boiled and dyed, which can appear the effect of Randi white flower. According to the effect of the design pattern, the cloth or clothing pieces are tied with a string or string in various ways, and the dye is placed in the dye solution. The binding place is a printing method in which the dye cannot penetrate and form a natural special pattern. It is also possible to tie dye the shaped garment directly. There are two kinds of bunching and pinching. The former pattern is like dewdrops, quiet and elegant, while the latter pattern has strong color contrast and is lively and fresh. Generally used to do looser clothing, scarves and so on. Choose more silk fabrics.

Ming and Qing dynasties

tie-dye

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, dyeing and weaving skills had reached a very high level, and there were dyeing shops. Ming Erhai Wei red cloth, Qing Dynasty Xi Zhou cloth and Dali cloth were all famous and best-selling products. To the period of the Republic of China, home tie-dyeing has been very common, with a family based tie-dyeing workshop Famously dense Zhou Cheng Towns such as Xizhou have become famous tie-dye centers.

Modern times

tie-dye

Tie-dye shows a strong folk art style, more than 1000 kinds pattern It is the epitome of history and culture for thousands of years, reflecting the people's customs and aesthetic tastes, and forming a charming weaving and dyeing culture with various technological means. Dali dyeing and weaving industry continues to develop, Zhoucheng has become a well-known hand-dyed village. In 1984, Zhou Cheng built a tie-dyeing factory, which led nearly 5,000 women to participate in the tie-dyeing, and more than 80% were sold to more than 10 countries and regions such as Japan, Britain, the United States and Canada. Here, women are all tying flowers, and families are dyeing, which has become an important production area of tie-dyeing fabrics. Only by seriously solving the above problems can we promote the inheritance and development of weaving and dyeing techniques. In 2006, the tie-dye technique was approved by The State Council to be included in the first batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage List, which was declared by Dali City in Yunnan Province and Zigong City in Sichuan Province. ^[9-10]

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EDITOR

Han tie-dye

Xu Renjie's award-winning Zigong Tie-dye "Scroll Painting Salt Farm Ancient Rhyme"

According to "Shi Yi Lu" : "During the Han Dynasty, there was Valerian law, I do not know who made it." Tie-dye - a generation of famous dye. The first batch of national intangible cultural heritage Extend the project. Zigong tie-dyeing includes "tie-dyeing, discharge dyeing, anti-dyeing", which is the traditional arts and crafts of Zigong Han nationality. It is famous at home and abroad for its beautiful, fresh, simple and folk characteristics. Tie-dye master Zhang Yuzhong And tie-dye workers on the basis of excavating and sorting out the national artistic heritage, absorb Chinese painting, Decorative painting The techniques of oil painting and modern painting school have formed the characteristics of Zigong tie-dye, which are simple, elegant, rough, quiet in motion, delicate and comfortable, abstract and concrete. Zigong tie-dye products, in addition to bed sheets, curtains, tablecloths, bags and other kinds of daily necessities, but also a large number of different colors, novel patterns of floral cloth, decorative wall hanging. In 1986, Zigong Tie-dye was invited to Hong Kong for exhibition. Wen Hui Bao ", Hong Kong Asia television And other media have given large-scale reports and publicity. Zigong tie-dye It has been rated as excellent handicrafts in Sichuan Province for many times, and has been exported to the United States, France, Germany, Japan and other countries as special tourism products. ^[11] In 1992, Shanghai Science and Education Film Studio shot a science and education film in Zigong. Zigong tie-dye ", at home and abroad broadcast strong response. Zigong tie-dye over the years in a variety of exhibition evaluation activities, won the" International exposition Silver Award ", "National Tourism Quality products" and other 22 ministerial awards. In 1993, Shuko Dehara, head of the Japanese Guokaku Dyeing Association, visited Zigong tie-dyeing factory and commented that Zigong tie-dyeing technology "reflects the higher level of contemporary Chinese tie-dyeing art". ^[12] Zhang Xiaoping's "Sky Sounds" series and Xu Renjie His work "Scroll Painting Salt Farm Ancient rhyme" won the Gold medal of Sichuan Arts and Crafts in 2012. ^[13]

Modern tie-dye

"Modern tie-dye is aimed at traditional tie-dye, batik and batik Blue calico These three traditional dyeing processes present a completely new concept: namely in various Textile fabric And the use of modern anti-dyeing science and technology and a variety of special techniques on clothing, to create a modern aesthetic significance of the plane, three-dimensional or monochrome and multi-color blend of new graphics can be industrialized art practice activities ". (1) As a unique Craft culture Like traditional tie-dyeing, modern tie-dyeing not only inherits the historical context, but also essentially reflects its own characteristics of different cultural backgrounds and conveying the atmosphere of different times, with the characteristics of "pen and ink should change with The Times". Shi Tao The openness of the language. So, in the rapid development of information technology, digital technology has been widely used in various fields, "digital thinking" and "digital behavior" have become our normal "way of life" today, digital art generated by digital processing technology is also bound to be Modern tie-dye art It has become an important tool and main design language for contemporary designers to create modern tie-dye new graphics.

Zhang Xiaoping's Zigong tie-dye work Panda

Bai people tie-dye

tie-dye

Tie-dyed fabric It can be seen everywhere in Dali city and countryside. Tie-dye not only represents a tradition, but also has become a fashion. Tie-dye is so popular because of its unique personality, which is different from other dyed fabrics. It is simple and natural, the white flowers on the blue ground are clear and elegant, without publicity, in line with people's mood, close to people's life, full of human color, is the people's hard-working, simple, pure, honest, kind and optimistic, cheerful, warm hospitality and other good character and taste combination. Tie-dye has become a special cultural symbol in people's minds National tradition The emblem of art.

In the Tang Dynasty, tie-dye had become a folk fashion in the Bai area, and tie-dye products had also become a tribute to the emperor. ^[14] Tie-dye is a tradition of the Bai people in Dali Folk craft Products, set culture, art as a whole, its flower pattern to the regular geometric pattern composition, layout is rigorous and full, mostly based on the image of animals, plants and royal palaces in the past Dress pattern Full of life. The tie-dye is divided into two parts: tie-flower and immersion dyeing. Splicing is a manual splicing method based on sewing and stitching, which has the characteristics of wide range of performance, delicate portrayal and endless changes: the immersion dyeing adopts the manual repeated immersion process to form a multi-level halo pattern with flower shape as the center, which is solemn and simple, simple and elegant. The products are leather cloth, doilies, door curtains, clothing, ethnic bags, hats, hand towels, scarves, pillow towels, bed sheets and other hundreds of varieties.

Bai people tie-dye

Yi tie-dye

Weishan Mountain The Yi people use natural plant dyes to give full play to the characteristics of traditional folk crafts, exquisite workmanship, of course, exquisite, novel and changeable patterns, with simple, elegant, natural and generous characteristics, not only superior art appreciation value, but also strong practicability. The Yi people have tie-dye Aizen , color dyeing, applique and other products. The finished products are tablecloths, wall hangings, door curtains, clothes, skirts, hats, bags, carpet And a variety of fabrics. Users can according to a variety of patterns of floral cloth, used to make dresses, waists, The side of a quilt , bed sheet, Doors and Windows , curtains, Table and chair caps Let's wait. The dresses, bedsheets, doors and Windows, curtains made with tie-dye are worn on the body and hung in the room, which has a simple and elegant flavor. ^[15]

Japanese tie-dye

There are pines in the sea

"There's a songsong in the sea" yes Nagoya Arimatsu, Narumi Regional as the center of the emergence of blue dye technology, "skein" is the meaning of tying, the use of kapok cloth from Edo period Since its emergence, it has been passed on for more than 400 years, and it is now designated as an intangible cultural property to be protected Tokaido Number one in the region. Among them, the representative "Kozi Zaha" is mostly used to make kimono, while "hand spider Zaha", "Miurasa", "Arashi", "tendon zaha" and so on are the use of traditional techniques. Most artisans start learning at a young age, honing their craft for decades. So far, most of the people who are still active in the front line of hand-making are elderly people in their 70s and 80s. The adoption of the division system has Songming Haikan blue dye, it is dependent on your skilled staff to continue. ^[16]

Indian tie-dye

In India, the tie-dye process is still widely used in Indian national costumes to this day. India's tie-dye is rich in varieties, diverse in forms and exquisite in production, among which the curling technique is the most distinctive, and the output ranks first in the world. ^[17]

Production technology

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EDITOR

summarize

tie-dye

Tie-dye process is divided into tying and Dye Two parts. It is through yarn, thread, rope and other tools, the fabric is tied, stitched, tied, tied, clip and other forms of combination after dyeing. The purpose of this method is to prevent dyeing on the bound part of the fabric, so that the bound part retains the primary color, and the unbound part is evenly stained. Thus forming uneven depth, rich layers of color halo and wrinkle. The tighter and stronger the fabric is, the better the anti-dyeing effect. It can be dyed into ordinary tie-dyed fabrics with regular patterns; It can also dye a complex composition of figurative patterns and a variety of beautiful handicrafts of brilliant colors, naive and simple, novel and unique. Tie-dye is composed of a quiet and peaceful world with blue and white as the main tone, that is, the contrast of blue and white to create a simple meaning, and the combination of green and white often gives people a "blue and white porcelain" like elegant sense, and peace and tolerance are more reflected in the sky of tie-dye.

Tie dyeing is generally made of cotton white cloth or cotton linen blended white cloth, and the main dyes come from Cangshan Mountain The upgrowing blue, isatis root, mugwort Such as natural plants Indigo solution Especially isatidis root. In the past, the isandrian root used to dye cloth is wild in the mountains, a perennial herb, pink flowers, and later the amount of large, dyeing cloth people on the mountain to grow their own, good can grow to half a person high, harvest in March and April every year, the first soak water, into the wooden VAT, mixed with some lime or Industrial alkali Can be used to dye cloth. The production method of tie-dye is unique, and the old book vividly describes the process of making tie-dye of the ancients: "' pick 'the pinch and knot it, and then dye it." If it is dyed, it will solve its knot, where the knot is primary color, and the rest will be dyed, and its color is gorgeous." The main steps of tie-dyeing include drawing brush pattern, stranding, soaking, dyeing cloth, steaming, drying, stripping, rinsing, grinding cloth, etc., among which there are mainly two processes of tying flowers and soaking dyeing, and the key technology is stranding technique and dyeing technique. Dyeing VAT, dyeing stick, drying rack, stone roller and so on are the main tools of tie-dyeing.

embroider

Tie flower, formerly known as knot, that is, after the fabric is selected, according to the pattern requirements, the pinch wrinkle, folding, rolling, squeezing and other methods are used on the fabric to make it a certain shape, and then sew or wrap it with a needle and thread to tighten the seam, so that the fabric becomes a string of "knot".

In the past, the cloth used for tie-dyeing was completely made of the rougher white cotton native cloth hand-woven by the Bai nationality. Now the native cloth is less, mainly made of industrial woven white cloth, packaging cloth and other cloth, which has strong water absorption and soft texture. According to the folk tradition and the needs of the market, folk art designers, together with their own creation, draw a variety of patterns, and the printer uses waxed paper with holes to print the designed patterns on the raw white cloth, and then the women will take the cloth, sew the patterns with meticulous hand, and then send them to the tie-dye factory or each house dyehouse .

Dip dyeing

Xu Renjie inherits Zigong tie-dyeing technique

Dye, will be tied "knot" cloth first soak with water, and then put in VAT In, or soak cold dyeing, or warm boiling hot dyeing, after a certain period of time out to dry, and then put the cloth into the dyeing tank. So repeated dyeing, each dip a deeper layer of color, that is, "youth outshines blue". The part of the sewing line, because the dye can not be soaked, naturally became a beautiful pattern, and because people are sewing different stitches, the degree of dye dyeing is different, with a certain randomness, the finished product is rarely identical, and its artistic meaning is more.

After being soaked to a certain extent, the excess dye is finally bleached out with clean water, the valerian knot is removed after drying, the "knot" is picked apart, ironed flat, and the part of the thread tangled and stitched is finally colored, showing a hollow white cloth color, which is "flower"; The rest of the blue, that is, "ground", there will be a blue pattern of white flowers, so far, a beautiful Tie-dyed fabric And you're done. "Flower" and "ground" often also show a certain transitional gradual effect, multi-ice cracks, natural heaven, lively, to overcome the picture, the pattern of the dull, making the color more rich natural.

Tie-dye materials are widely used, often with the local scenery as the creative material, its patterns or Cangshan clouds, or Erhai sea spray, or tower shade butterfly shadow, or myths and legends, or ethnic customs, or flowers, birds, fish and insects, interesting, colorful. In the process of dyeing, because the boundary of the pattern is infiltrated by the blue indigo solution, the pattern produces a natural halo pattern, green with green, dignified and elegant, thin as smoke, light as cicada wings, like a dream like fantasy, indistinct, unique charm. There is a kind of stupid interest in going back to nature.

Process characteristics

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EDITOR

summarize

Tie-dye is an ancient practice in China textile Dyeing process, Dali called it pimple flower cloth, pimple flower. The "Remarks of Capital and Tongjian" describes the ancient tie-dyeing process in detail: "pinch and knead to knot it, and then dye it, and then solve its knot, where the knot is primary color, and then enter the dye, its color is gorgeous." The process is to fold and tie the fabric, or sew and tie it, and then dip it in Color paste To dye, Dye Be used to... Radix isatidis And other natural plants, so no harm to human skin. Use and variety of tying techniques in tie-dye Dyeing technique Combined, the dyed patterns are varied and have a stunning quality Artistic charm Tie-dye has a history of about 1,500 years in China. The earliest existing material is the Eastern Jin Dynasty printing silk. Tie-dye developed to its heyday in the Tang Dynasty and was worn by aristocrats crepe The clothes become fashionable. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the production of tie-dye was complicated and cost a lot of labor, so the imperial court once banned it, which led to the decline and disappearance of tie-dye technology. But ethnic minorities in the southwest still retain this ancient skill. Apart from China, India, Japan, Cambodia Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and other countries also have tie-dye crafts. In the 1970s, tie-dye became a popular handicraft, widely used in clothing, ties, wall hanging and so on. The use of multiple tying and multiple dyeing processes on the same fabric can make the traditional tie-dyeing process develop from monochrome to multi-color effects. ^[18]

Tie-dye and batik

batik Tie-dyeing and tie-dyeing are popular traditional printing and dyeing methods in several ethnic groups in Yunnan, the principle of the two is similar, but the process is slightly different. Batik is like photography, photography is the use of photochemical principles, first of all Negative film (film) proceed Photochemical reaction According to the intensity of light, the degree of reaction is different, the blacker the image object is finally formed, the more transparent the whiter the image is, the wax-attached fabric is not, still maintaining the color of the original fabric, at the edge of wax attachment, due to the penetration of wax, the dyed color also forms the appearance of penetration, and the color has a transition effect from nothing to something. If the alchemists had continued to study chemistry and batik, they might have invented the camera.

The dye of tie-dyeing and batik can be the same, but the method of tie-dyeing is more vivid. The fabric does not rely on wax to attach, but relies on rope to wrap part of the fabric. The tied part is not put into the dye, and other parts form the same color as the dye, and the binding part also forms the transition of color due to the immersion of liquid.

Wall hangings and other handicrafts made of batik and tie-dye are highly ethnic and have been favored by tourists at home and abroad. If the color is more natural tie dye. But when it comes to pattern painting! The batik pattern should be more colorful, vividly reproducing the character style, scenery, flowers and birds, and people's appreciation. More lively.

Tie-dye and printing

Tie-dyeing is the use of needles, threads and other tools to tie the fabric according to their own preferences, and then dyed. Since the dye cannot penetrate the binding, various patterns are formed after the stitches are removed. It is different from printing, printing can generally be seen as local dyeing, to achieve printing, you must first make a screen (or roller) according to the pattern designed by the designer, print the color where it is needed, and do not color where it is not needed, the required process is more complex, and the printed pattern is completely consistent. Tie dyeing achieves the effect of printing with dyeing method, and because the manual tying method is not reproducible, there can be no exactly the same tie dyeing jewelry in the world, which is the unique charm of tie dyeing.

Tie dye and digital

Digital art is a new art category under the informationization and digital age, which reflects the strong modern cultural atmosphere. Gunalan Nadarajan, Head of the Department of Vision at lasalle-Singapore College of the Arts, said: "Digital art refers to the art forms and processes that make use of new developments in all aspects of computer technology, especially research results in information, communication, imagery, and biological sciences." This form of artistic creation is a change from the previous model. It breaks the mode and thinking of simple designer creation in the past, can integrate computer technology and related new information and new technology, and realize the combination of powerful computer storage function, editing function and designer's creative ability, and carry out the integration of super functions of "human-computer interaction" design. Thus, designers can maximize the effective integration and fission of various things and resources of various disciplinary systems, and produce a new visual image that is strange and surprising, unique, unforgettable and full of future.

Taking the market as the guide, creating new visual patterns on the corresponding carrier, forming unique creative, marketable and artistic value-added textile and garment products to meet the market demand, is the ultimate goal of modern tie-dyeing industrial art practice activities. Therefore, tie-dye art breaks through the restrictions of traditional and classic processes and materials, and learns from digital art to carry out modern tie-dye pattern design, which can be described as "advancing with The Times". It not only has a certain theoretical research value, but also has a strong application practice. ^[19]

Scope of application

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EDITOR

Dowry

The Yellow River gave birth to the ancient Central Plains tie-dye, tie-dye workshops (locally known as dyehouses) throughout the city forest during the Northern Song Dynasty, and the folk collective Central region Tie-dye. The cloth used by the people is mostly white cotton, and only the government and rich families use silk. Tie-dye products are mostly used in Han folk marriage, when the girl is married, many of these tie-dyed fabrics made garments, skirts, quilts, and mattresses are placed in the cabinet, the cabinet above, carried by the wife to the in-laws, called "box" girls use this method, one to show the rich family, their own clever; Second, to express their vision and hope for the future life.

costume

Tie dye scarf sundress

With the expansion of market demand, tie-dye patterns are becoming more and more complex and diversified, at least hundreds of kinds, and various sizes are available, derived from tie-dye bags, tie-dye hats, tie-dye dresses and other dazzling handicrafts. In modern life, tie-dye, as a high-grade craft form, is widely used in fashion technology. After the ingenious conception of designers, the texture is soft and natural Silk fabric Color matching and pattern clothing creation, so that people feel stretched, smooth, with unique national characteristics.

With the continuous improvement of people's material and cultural living standards, as well as the gradual warming of clothing fashion, tie-dye art has been pursued and favored by consumers and fashion circles at home and abroad. Tie-dye is widely used in silk scarves and clothing. Tie-dye can be used in silk, cotton, chemical fiber, leather, linen, wool and other fabrics. The piece and length is not limited, the piece material production is not cut, not damaged, so that customers can use any cutting.

other

Modern dye varieties are rich, tie-dyeing process has a variety of choices. Reactive dye Can be operated at low temperature. Disperse dye Good penetration, Direct dye The effect is natural. At present, tie-dye is no longer limited to the use of clothing, has its wider use, it is used in interior decoration such as: wall hanging, curtains, doors and Windows, tablecloth, sofa cover, bed cover, pillowcase and so on. In recent years, tie-dye art has also been used for wedding dress lining, the effect is simple and elegant, unique. Tie-dye wall hanging is the highest process extracted from tie-dye products, which combines the great creation between designers and tie-dye, and displays all the skills and essence to produce modern art - dyed wall hanging.

Cultural thinking

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EDITOR

The commercial nature of tie-dye is obvious. It has been favored by the majority of consumers at home and abroad, and the exchange value is stable and slowly rising. The use value is also well-known.

Tie-dye has been around for thousands of years handicrafts Since it is a handicraft handed down from generation to generation, tie-dye can be said to be a work of art, and its maker is the author of this work of art. Any artist must always pour his own ideals and his own mentality into the work. In general, tie-dye is a work inherited for thousands of years. From the point of view of each individual tie-dye, because of the difference of the tie-dye, their ideals, mentality, and the choice of nature, the design treatment of the pattern after the choice can not be exactly the same, so every horse (a piece) tie-dye can not be completely identical. Therefore, each piece (piece) of tie-dye is an outstanding work of art, and it is a treasure for studying the artistic thoughts and mentality of the author of this piece of tie-dye.

butterfly

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EDITOR

The hometown of Bai tie-dye is Dali City Xizhou town Zhoucheng village. Zhoucheng Village is also a treasure house of Bai folk tales and myths. The famous" Butterfly spring "Just a mile away from the village in the northwest of the point Cangshan east foot. Butterfly tree, iris, butterfly, butterfly naturally became the Bai people's hearts of beauty and blessing. Most of the patterns on tie-dye are butterflies, or a variety of butterfly patterns, and a variety of butterfly patterns. The butterfly pattern is decorated with single butterfly pattern, double butterfly pattern, four-body butterfly pattern, and numerous butterfly patterns formed a circle, etc., whether it is single butterfly pattern or complex butterfly pattern, it is the evolution of symbolic and abstract butterfly pattern, which is higher and more beautiful artistic image than the real solid butterfly.

Of course, many ethnic minorities in Yunnan have the worship of the butterfly totem, which symbolizes their longing and pursuit of a better and happy life. In the costumes of Bai nationality, Yi nationality, Miao nationality, Dai nationality, Jingpo nationality and Achang nationality, some formalized butterfly patterns directly depicted frequently appear. On the whole body, hat, dress, waist, culottes, Shoes There is almost nowhere where the image of a butterfly has not appeared. Bai tie-dye, Miao batik, Yi cross-stitch Dai brocade, butterfly patterns are common. The Bai people even embroider the butterfly pattern on the upper and upper of the shoe insoles On, looking forward to their own can dance like a butterfly, like a butterfly fly freely.

The worship of butterflies is an ancient totem worship, and all the ancient nations in the world have experienced this historical stage of natural worship. Its common character is the worship of reproduction (pomegranate, lotus, lotus, fish, snake, frog, etc., are all idols of reproduction worship), but each nation has different personalities because of the differences in living environment and cultural background. For example, the Han nationality's butterfly worship is related to the homonym of "butterfly" and "blessing" in Chinese, and the butterfly becomes the symbol of "blessing". The Bai people's butterfly worship is naturally related to the ancient folklore of "Butterfly Spring", and the related "Butterfly Club" (every year on the fifteenth day of the fourth lunar month, Bai young men and women meet in Butterfly Spring for love), as well as the Bai people's "circling the three spirits" (ancient times Bai nationality religion The annual lunar calendar April 23 to 25, the butterfly flying flower season, the Bai men, women and children around Erhai, from Cangshan "God capital" Shengyuan Temple, along the eastern foot of Cangshan by the "Buddha capital" Chongsheng Temple, around the "Xian Du" Jin GUI Temple. More than a hundred miles along the way, singing and dancing carnival forward during the day; In the evening, campfires are lit in the fields or woods, and tea and rice are cooked. After dinner, the old people enjoy tea and sing, young men and women meet and tryst, all night long talk of love. Butterfly worship has become a symbol of beauty, a symbol of love and a symbol of life in the Bai nationality's aesthetic.

Of course, there are many other ornaments in the tie-dye pattern, such as myths and legends, ethnic customs, mountains and rivers, snow mountains and colorful clouds, waves of Erhai Lake, Three pagodas Butterfly, bees, fish, plum blossom, camellia, birds and so on, the picture decoration is rich and colorful.

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