Kingdom of Johor

In 1511, Portugal People occupied Malacca ( Siege of Malacca ). Kingdom of Malacca Sultan Mahmud Shah (? ~ 1528) led the army and people to move to Barme ( Muapa A small town) and Johor, among others, continued to fight the Portuguese invasion.

In 1515, Mahmud Shah took command of 24 Ranchas oarboat Enter with... Sumatra The Portuguese fleets of the river Siam engaged and were defeated Battle of the Siam River .

In 1525, The Malacca Dynasty The remnants attacked the Portuguese in the Linga Islands Battle of the Linga Islands It was thwarted by two Portuguese Caracas.

In 1526, The Battle of Bintan Island With the outbreak, the remnants of the Malacca dynasty lost important strongholds Bintan Koh ( Bintan Island ).

In 1528, Alauddin (Muzaffar II) succeeded to the throne and continued to resist the Portuguese in Johor.

In 1535, the city of Malacca Portugal The conquerors, led by Estivo da Gama, took advantage of the state of Johor Sutan On shaky footing , in Battle of the Leban River In a bitter inland battle, the Johoreans destroyed their first new capital, the High City of Kota Tingi, but the Johoreans moved in time and the Portuguese did not gain much.

In 1536 Alauddin made peace with the Portuguese. Soon Alauddin formally established the Kingdom of Johor, selected Johore Old For the capital.

After the establishment of the Kingdom of Johor, on the one hand continuously with the rise of Sumatra island Kingdom of Aceh War, on the other hand, continued with the Portuguese colonists. This war, historically known as the "triangular rivalry," lasted for about a century.

The year 1547 Achin Sultan Alauddin sent his prince to launch a powerful attack against the Portuguese. In order to prevent the Kingdom of Aceh from becoming too overextended, the Kingdom of Johor acquiesced to the nominal vassal of northwestern Malaya Kedah The sultans and other indigenous forces helped the Portuguese to defeat the Acehnese, who had pushed deep into the Glass River basin. The battle of Aceh against Malacca ).

In 1551, the Kingdom of Johor and the Javanese attacked Malacca in an attempt to recover it Former capital , fail ( Siege of Malacca ).

The year 1564 Sultanate of Aceh Sultan Alauddin attacked the Kingdom of Johor, captured the Sultan, and destroyed Johor City.

In 1568, the Sultanate of Aceh, Sultan Alauddin, attacked the Portuguese occupation of Malacca, and Johor again helped the Portuguese in revenge. Siege of Malacca ).

In 1587, the Portuguese captured Old Johor. Battle of Johor City ). The kingdom moved its capital to Badushawa.

In the early 17th century, Netherlands British forces invade Malay Peninsula .

In 1606, the Dutch and the Kingdom of Johor jointly attacked Malacca, but the Dutch were defeated Battle of Cape Latchdo Johoreans are also there Land battle Defeat in the championship. However, this meant the beginning of a union between the Dutch and the native powers of South Asia.

In 1603 and 1613, the Sultan of Aceh, Iskandar Muda, twice invaded Badu Shawa. Battle of Badu Shawal ). In 1629, he attacked Malacca but was defeated by a combined Portuguese, Johor and Pattani fleet. The battle of Aceh against Malacca ).

In the mid-17th century, Portugal fought with the Netherlands Southeast Asia Spice trade The contradictions between the two sides have become increasingly acute, and the two sides have launched fierce struggles to expand their spheres of influence. The Netherlands united the Kingdom of Johor in 1640-1641 Battle of Malacca The defeat of the Portuguese army in Malacca and the elimination of the Portuguese aggressive forces in the Malay Peninsula. The Kingdom of Johor was gaining strength. In 1673, the Kingdom of Johor was invaded by Champe on the island of Sumatra, and its power never recovered. Sultan Mahmud was assassinated in 1699. At this point, the kingdom of Malacca was completely ruled. Johor power falls to the Prime Minister. He changed his name to Abdul. Zili Riye Shah (reigned 1699-1719). It is the Prime Minister dynasty of Johor.

Johore The kingdom was never unified in the 18th century, and successively came under the control of the government Sumatra the Sikh Renhe Makassar The invasion and control of the Wugis. Among them Sembilan Seceded from the Kingdom of Johor, Kedah , Kelantan And Ding's slave is already here Siam Under their control, to become their protectorate. In 1795 only the Kingdom of Johor remained Pahang , Johor, Singapore and Riau Islands . And these territories are all annexed Netherlands the Sphere of influence . In 1824, the Kingdom of Johor ceded Singapore to Britain. In 1885, the British signed a treaty with Johor recognising Moharajah as Johor Sudan And agreed to defend Johor against external attacks. The British could send an agent to Johor to control it Executive power . In 1910, Governor of the Straits Settlements An acting official was sent to oversee his administration. In 1914, the United Kingdom and Johor amended the 1885 Treaty to change the acting officer stationed in Johor to a stationed officer. Under this treaty, the British colonial government could appoint Britons to the judiciary and other offices. So far, Johor's administrative, judicial and financial powers are all British settler Under control.