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Opera music is the musical part of Chinese Han opera, including
VOCALS
Part of the singing, rhyme and instrumental part of the accompaniment, opening and cutting scene music. Among them, singing is the main form, including solo singing, duet singing, chorus singing and singing, which is the main expression means to develop the plot and depict the character. The accompaniment, crossing the door and line string of the singing play the role of supporting the tune and setting off the performance. The percussion music used in the opening, cutting and martial arts arena is an important factor to enlarge the atmosphere, adjust the rhythm of the stage and the structure of the opera.
[2]
- Chinese name
- Opera singing style
- Foreign name
- Traditional opera singing
catalogue
1, Lu opera, formerly known as "inverted seven plays", commonly known as "small play", "prayer and sacrifice play", "small fall play", "small man play", "Lujiang play". The origin of the name is unknown. Because it is prevalent in Anhui province
The middle Anhui area
Region, ancient genus
Luzhou
(now
Hefei City
Lujiang County, therefore, on July 1, 1955, approved by the Anhui Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, officially changed its name to Lujiang Opera.
Luju Opera is one of the main kinds of traditional local operas in Anhui province. It is popular in Lujiang County, West Anhui, large areas along the river and some areas of Jiangnan in Anhui Province. Lu Opera is in
Dabie Mountains
The folk songs along the Huaihe River and the lanterns and dances along the Huaihe River were absorbed on the basis
Book of Gong and Drum
(Door song),
Duangong opera
,
Hizixi
The singing style developed into.
1. Kunqu Opera
Kunqu Opera, formerly known as "Kunshan Opera" or "Kunshan Opera" for short, is an ancient opera voice and style, now also known as "Kunqu Opera". Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest traditional operas of the Han nationality, and it is also a treasure of Chinese traditional culture and art of the Han nationality, especially the opera art. It is known as an "orchid" in the hundred gardens. Kunqu Opera originated in Kunshan, Suzhou, China in the 14th century, and then went to the whole country through the improvement of Wei Liangfu and others. Since the middle of Ming Dynasty, Kunqu opera has dominated the Chinese opera circle for nearly 300 years.
Gaoqiang is a kind of opera
Sound cavity system
The general term for. It was originally called"
Yiyang opera
"Or"
Yi Qiang
Because it originated in Jiangxi
Yiyang
. It is characterized by simple performance, popular lyrics, high-pitched singing, one singing while the crowd, only the golden drum beat, no orchestral accompaniment. Since the middle of Ming Dynasty, it began to spread from Jiangxi to all over the country, and formed different styles of Gaoqiang, such as Sichuan opera Gaoqiang, Hunan opera Gaoqiang, Gan opera Gaoqiang and so on.
Clapper opera is a kind of opera
Sound cavity system
The general term for. It originates from the "Shanshan Clapper" at the junction of Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, and is characterized by high and fierce singing
Wooden bang
Beat it. Then, it developed eastward and southward, forming different forms of Clapper Opera in different regions, such as Shanxi Clapper Opera,
Hebei Clapper Opera
,
Henan Clapper Opera
,
Shandong Clapper Opera
Let's wait.
4. Beijing Opera
Beijing Opera, also known as "Pihuang", consists of two basic tones, "Xipi" and "Erhuang", and also sings some small local tunes (such as Liuzi opera, Blow opera, etc.)
Kunqu Style
. It was formed in Beijing around 1840, and was popular in the 1930s and 1940s, and was known as "national opera". It is still a big drama with national influence. It is a representative of modern Chinese opera with its comprehensive trade, mature performance and magnificent momentum.
5. Pingju
Opera singing style
6. Hebei Opera
Hebei Clapper Opera, that is, popular in Hebei and Beijing area of the Clapper Opera, it originated from Shanshan and Shaanxi junction of Shanshan and Shaanxi, through Shanxi spread to Hebei, combining Hebei and Beijing dialect formed. It maintains
Chinese wooden clappers performed to the accompaniment of Chinese operas
With the characteristics of bang bang festival, the singing voice is high and fierce, good at performing the tragic plot. Famous operas of Hebei Opera include"
Butterfly cup
","
The chariot gate cut off the son
"And" Du Shiniang"
7. Jin Opera
Jin Opera, also known as "Middle Road Clapper", was developed from the Shan-Shan Clapper on the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi to Shanxi and formed by combining the characteristics of Shanxi language. It is now popular in central Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and Hebei. It maintains the characteristics of clapper to bang bang, and the music style is not only loud, but also soft and delicate. The performance is plain and simple. Famous plays include "Beating the Golden Branch", "Small Banquet", "Small Banquet"
Selling paintings splitting doors
", etc.
8.
Puzhou opera
Puzhou Opera, also known as "Puzhou Clapper", is developed from Shanshan Clapper at the border of Shanxi and Shaanxi, which is the original Shanshan Clapper. It is now popular in the southwest of Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province and Henan Province
Traditional Chinese opera in the Qin dynasty
Language is also used
Shaanxi dialect
. Famous plays include"
Hang a picture
", "Kill the Dog", "Kill the post" and so on.
Shangdang Bangzi,
Shanxi four Clapper operas
One is developed from the Puzhou Clapper Opera in the southwest of Shanxi Province and is popular in the southeast of Shanxi Province
Upper party
Around. Its sound cavity is removed
Chinese wooden clappers performed to the accompaniment of Chinese operas
Besides, he also sings Kunqu Opera, Pihuang,
Rolo chamber
Let's wait. The repertoire includes "Three passes Banquet", "East Gate Meeting" and so on.
10.
Wild goose opera
Wild goose drama, also known as"
North Road Clapper
Developed from the "Puzhou Clapper", it is popular in northern Shanxi and Zhangjiakou, Hebei and Inner Mongolia. It is said to have had a great influence on the formation of Hebei Clapper Opera. The play is"
Bloody handprint
", "Golden Water Bridge" and so on.
11. Qin Opera
Qin Opera, the local opera of Shaanxi Province, also called "Shaanxi Clapper Opera", is the earliest Clapper opera, formed about the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Its performance is rough and simple, the singing is high and fierce, and its voice is like roaring, good at expressing the tragic plot. The play is"
Butterfly cup
","
Yougui Mountain
"And" Three Drops of Blood ".
Duo Tai, popular in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, formed on the basis of Inner Mongolian folk songs and Shanxi folk tunes, and later absorbed the performance of Jin opera and gradually mature. Performance life is rich, popular lyrics. Most of the plays are small dramas about rural life, such as "Going West" and "Going West".
Five brother herding sheep
", etc.
13. Chinese Opera
Jiju Opera is a kind of opera popular in Jilin Province. In the 1950s in the Northeast"
A popular song-and-dance duet, a popular song-and-dance duet in ancient China
Developed on the basis of ", the melody is light, the words are popular, the performance is simple and hot, the repertoire includes "Yanqing selling line", "Yanqing Selling line"
Guarantee an apology
", etc.
14.
Longjiang opera
Longjiang Opera, popular in the Heilongjiang region, in the 1950s in the northeast "duet",
A cheering ground for the young people
On the basis of local folk songs and film, the performance is relaxed and humorous, and the lyrics are popular. The repertoire includes "Double lock Mountain", "Treasure Jade" and so on.
Henan Opera
The queen of Henan Opera - Chen Suzhen still
16.
overtone
Yue Diao, a local opera in Henan province, is popular in Henan and northern Hubei province, because"
Four-stranded string
As the main accompaniment instrument, it is also called "four strings". The music is mainly for the plate cavity, and also sings the song deck. Famous actors are
Shen Fengmei
Let's wait. The repertoire includes "Collecting Jiang Wei", "Li Tianbao recruiting his wife", "Zhuge Liang mourning" and so on.
17.
Henan opera
Henan Quju, a local opera in Henan Province, is popular in Henan Province and the northwestern part of Hubei Province. It is developed from the folk art "Henan Tune". The voice is gentle and graceful, and it is distinguished by tragic content. The play is"
Mat drum
", "Chen Sanliang", "Flower Pavilion Meeting" and so on.
Shandong Clapper, Shandong Province local opera, popular in Shandong Heze area, because of its ancient called "Caozhou", it is also known as"
Caozhou Clapper Opera
". This Clapper was formed by the Shan-Shan Clapper passing through Henan and then into Shandong after changes. The main plays are "The Wall" and so on.
19.
Lv opera
Lv opera, a local opera in Shandong Province, is popular in the middle of Shandong Province, Jiangsu and Henan. Early 20th century by the folk
Rap art
"
Shandong Qinshu
In 1950, it was named "Lu Opera". The performance of Lv opera is rich in life, popular and simple, the singing melody is simple, easy to learn and sing. So Lv opera has a great influence in the vast rural areas. The play is"
Wang Dingbao borrowed it
", "Little Aunt Yin" and modern drama"
Li Er's wife remarried
", etc.
Huai Opera, a local opera in Jiangsu Province, is popular in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Anhui. It originated in Jiangsu folk drama, and later absorbed
Anhui opera
The artistic factors gradually developed and matured. Its performances are rough and simple. The repertoire includes the traditional drama"
Female inquisitor
","
Three women grab board
"And the new play"
Golden dragon and Mayfly
Etc.
21. Shanghai Opera
Shanghai opera, popular in the area of Shanghai local opera, originated from the folk song of Shanghai Pudong, later formed Shanghai Tan reed tune, and was also influenced by Suzhou
Beach spring
The impact of... In the 1930s, it was performed in Shanghai in the form of a civilized opera, and was named Shanghai Opera. Most of the plays are modern themes, such as "Marriage with Laughter", "Marriage with Laughter"
Arhat coin
", "Lutang Fire" and so on.
22. Burlesque
Burlesque is a kind of opera popular in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Zhejiang and other places. The "one-man show" originated in Shanghai, and later developed into a burlesque, with mixed tunes and funny performances. The main play is"
三毛学生意
","
One, two, three in unison
", etc.
Yue Opera
Shaoxing Opera, popular in Zhejiang area of local operas. It originated from Shengxian, Zhejiang Province.
Dedicated class
He entered Shanghai around 1916 to"
Shaoxing Opera
"The name of the show. First it was dominated by male actors, then it was dominated by female actors. After 1938, the name "Yue Opera" was used. In 1942
Yuan Xuefen
The leading female performers of Yue Opera reformed their performance and singing, absorbing the performance art of Kunqu opera and forming a soft and delicate performance style. Yuan (Xuefen) school, Yin (Guifang) school, Fan (Ruijuan) school, Fu (Quan Xiang) school, Xu (Yulan) school and many other schools of art. Yue opera repertoire includes "Xianglin Wife", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Dream of the Red Chamber", "Five Women's Birthday Worship", "Story of the Western Chamber" and so on.
24.
Wuju opera
Wuju, popular in
Zhejiang Jinhua
Local drama in the area, also known as"
Jinhua Opera
". It is a multi-voice drama. Its vocal cavity consists of
A kind of traditional Chinese opera
, Kunqu Opera,
Beach spring
,
Huizhou dialect
And other components, each has its repertoire and performance characteristics. The play is"
Monks and nuns association
", "Peony to the class", "Broken Bridge" and so on.
25. Shao Opera
Shaoxing Opera, which is popular in Shaoxing and Ningbo of Zhejiang Province, was formed in the late Ming Dynasty. With"
san57
","
Two kinds of non-earthly things
As the main voice, the performance is known for martial arts, the style is rough and simple. The plays are Three Dozen White Bone Essence,
龙虎斗
", "Hanging Impermanence" and so on.
26.
Anhui opera
Huizhou opera, popular in Anhui, Jiangsu and other areas of the opera, formed in the middle of the Qing Dynasty, is a multi-tone opera, the main voice of Baizi, blowing, Erhuang, also singing Kunqu,
A kind of traditional Chinese opera
And Sippy. In 1790,
Huizhou class came to Beijing
For the Qianlong celebration of life, later evolved into Beijing Opera. Most of the plays are historical themes, such as the Flooded Seven Armies, which is based on the Romance of The Three Kingdoms.
27. Huangmei Opera
Huangmei Opera, which originated in Anhui, is popular in Anhui, Jiangxi and Hubei regions. Its predecessor is the Huangmei area of tea picking, the formation of folk drama after the middle of the Qing Dynasty, called "Huangmei tune", with
Anqing
Singing in dialects. In the 1950s, under the reform of Yan Fengying and others, the performance became more and more mature and developed into a local drama in Anhui. Famous plays include "Heavenly Match", "Cowherd and Zhinu", "Female Emperor's Son-in-law" and so on.
28. Fujian Opera
Fujian Opera is a kind of opera popular in Fujian region. It arose in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, and was basically formed in the Qing Dynasty, but on a small scale. At the beginning of the 20th century, Beijing Opera influenced the scale gradually, and the voice was basically complete, including
Funny talk
, foreign songs, rivers and lakes,
minor
And plate song five kinds. The play is"
chaining
", "Swan Feast" and so on.
29.
Puxian Opera
Puxian Opera, Fujian local opera, formerly known as "Xinghua opera", has been fully mature in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, popular in Putian, Xianyou area. Music for
Qupai style
The performance is quite ancient and elegant lyrical. The play is"
Zhang Xie No.1
","
After reunion
", "Spring Grass Rush Hall" and so on.
30.
Liyuan Opera
Liyuan Opera, a kind of opera with a long history, can be regarded as the "living fossil" of opera. It preserves a lot of songs and Yuan dynasties
Southern opera
Such as "Zhu Wen walking ghosts", "Jing, Liu, worship, kill" and so on. After the 1950s, he also produced plays such as Dong Sheng and Li Shi and the Song of the Concubine.
31.
Gaojia Opera
Gaojia Opera, popular in Jinjiang, Longxi area of Fujian Province, originated in the middle of Qing Dynasty, and then absorbed the performance factors and repertoire of Liyuan Opera, gradually into a scale. In the 1920s, he was influenced by Beijing Opera and gradually matured. It begins with
buffoon
For the main line of work, acting like a puppet, very distinctive. The repertoire includes "three grades", "Jin Kuixing" and so on.
32, Gan Opera
Gan Opera is a type of opera popular in the northeast of Jiangxi Province, dating from the Ming Dynasty
Yiyang opera
Developed from Yiyang cavity,
Qingyang opera
, Kunqu Opera,
A kind of musical instrument used in ancient China
Such as a variety of vocal composition of the opera. The play is"
Dou E Yuan
", "荆钗记", "The Pearl", "The Return of the Soul" and so on.
Tea picking opera, a type of opera popular all over Jiangxi Province, mainly consists of songs sung by local tea farmers while picking tea
minor
Developed from the combination of folk songs and dances.
Jiangxi tea picking opera
Divided into east, south, west, north, medium different ways, in the performance of their own characteristics. The play is"
Sun Cheng drinks wine
", etc.
34.
Han opera
Han opera, generally refers to popular in Hubei, Henan, Shaanxi and other places of opera, originated in Hubei, formerly known as "Chu tone" or "Han tone", the main voice is
A surname
Qiang, which also sings two Huang Qiang, has a history of nearly three hundred years so far. The main play is"
Cosmic front
", "Two Seasons of Plum", "Two Seasons of Plum"
Auditing institute
", etc. In addition, there are also Han operas in Changde, Hunan Province, and Guangdong Province
Hubei Han opera
Very different.
35. Hunan Opera
Xiang Opera, the local opera of Hunan Province, is popular in Changsha and Xiangtan areas, which originated from the Ming Dynasty
Yiyang opera
After absorbing Kunqu, Pihuang and other voice, forming a including
A kind of traditional Chinese opera
, low brand, Kunqu Opera,
A kind of musical instrument used in ancient China
The multi-voice opera. The repertoire is dominated by high accent and random playing, such as "Pipa Story" and "Pipa Story".
White Rabbit
", "Moon worship" and so on.
36.
A surname
Qi drama, also known as "Qiyang drama", popular in Hunan Qiyang, Shaoyang area, from the Ming Dynasty Yiyang cavity, voice cavity to Gaoqiang, and sing Kunqu,
Cartridge chamber
. The play is"
Tale of Meulian
","
Tale of Jingzhong
", "Master Zi Opera", "Guanyin Opera" and so on.
37. Hunan
Huagu Opera
Hunan Huagu Opera
Is the flower drum around Hunan,
Huadeng Opera
The general term, which includes Changsha Flower drum,
Yueyang Flower Drum
Changde Flower Drum, Hengyang flower drum, Shaoyang flower drum, etc., they each have a different stage language, formed their own style. The performance of Huagu Opera is simple, cheerful and lively, and the profession is dominated by small students, small Dan and clowns, and is good at the use of towels of fans. The plays are "Bird Hunting", "Bird Hunting"
Bangs cut firewood
", etc.
38.
Cantonese opera
Cantonese opera, popular in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Southeast Asia and other Cantonese-speaking areas. Formed in the early Qing Dynasty, the Gaoqiang, Kunqiang, Pihuang, Clapper and other sounds were introduced from other places and local
Folk music
Combined. Music for the plate cavity,
Qupai style
Dual purpose. The repertoire includes "Search Academy", "Guan Hanqing" and so on.
39.
Chaozhou opera
Chaozhou opera is an ancient traditional local opera performed in Chaoshan dialect. It is mainly popular in Chaoshan area. It is famous at home and abroad for its beautiful singing music and unique performance forms. Chaozhou opera is mainly distributed in eastern Guangdong, southern Fujian, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Southeast Asia, the United States, Canada, France, Australia and other Chaoshan dialect speaking overseas Chinese, Chinese communities. The first batch was selected in 2006
National intangible cultural heritage list
. Many songs and Yuan works have been retained in the repertoire, such as Chen Sanwuniang, Chen Sanwuniang
Window-sweeping meeting
", "Lu Lin Hui" and so on.
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40.
Osmanthus opera
Guangxi opera, popular in the northeast of Guangxi and the south of Hunan, formed in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, mainly singing Pihuang, Kun opera,
A kind of traditional Chinese opera
, blowing and other tones. The play is"
Grab an umbrella
", "Picking up Jade Bracelet", "the edge of the cabinet" and so on
41.
Color tones
Caidiao, formerly known as "tune" or "picking tea", is popular in Guangxi. Formed on the basis of local folk songs and dances, it has a history of nearly two hundred years and was named "Color Tone" in 1955. Its performance is free and lively, full of life. The most famous play is Liu Sanjie.
42. Sichuan Opera
Sichuan Opera, a local opera in Sichuan Province, is popular in Sichuan and its surrounding areas. By Kunqiang,
A kind of traditional Chinese opera
, Hu Qin, playing opera,
Lantern show
Part of the composition, each has its repertoire. Sichuan Opera sings loudly and impressively, the performance is humorous and full of life atmosphere. The main repertoire is the traditional drama"
A tale of Jade Clasp
","
The Shade of the Willow
","
Capture the King alive
New plays "Stagnant water", "Face Change", "Gold" and so on.
43.
Qianju opera
Qiandju, a local opera popular in Guizhou province, developed from the quyi "Wenqin"
dulcimer
As an accompaniment instrument, the local characteristics are strong. The repertoire includes "Pearl Niang Lang Mei", "Lady of Luxury incense" and so on.
44.
Yunnan opera
Yunnan Opera, popular in Yunnan and parts of Sichuan and Guizhou, was formed in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It is composed of three kinds of foreign Sixian, Xiangyang and Huqin opera, mainly Jingsixian. The repertory includes "Niugao", "Niugao"
Palace invasion
", etc.
45.
Shadow play
Shadow play, also called "shadow play", "shadow play"
Lantern shadow show
", "local film". The drama of a story performed by shining lights on the silhouettes of figures carved out of animal skins or cardboard. The repertory and singing style are mostly influenced by local operas, which are performed by artists while being manipulated and accompanied by music. Chinese film has a history of more than one thousand years. Due to the different popular areas, singing tunes and the raw materials of silhouette, many categories and genres have been formed, and the most famous are the donkey skin shadow in Tangshan area of Hebei Province and the cow skin shadow in Northwest China. among
Tangshan shadow play
Has developed into a fine carving craft, dexterous manipulation skills and long lyrical singing music
Comprehensive art
.
Chinese opera
1.
Chinese opera is a kind of comprehensive stage art style. It is characterized by the aggregation of numerous art forms in a single standard, reflecting their individual personalities in a common nature. These forms mainly include: poetry, music, dance. Poetry refers to its literature, music to its musical accompaniment, and dance to its performance. In addition include
Stage art
Clothing, makeup and so on. And these artistic factors in the opera for one purpose, that is, to play the story; They all follow one principle: beauty.
2.
The characteristics of Chinese opera can be summed up in a word, "the story is also played with song and dance" (Wang Guowei, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty). Chinese opera and drama, both belong to drama, which use dialogue and action to express a certain length of story plot through actors playing characters. The difference is that opera is the use of musical dialogue and dance movements to express real life, that is, the means of singing and dancing. It is also known as "sing, read, do and hit".
3.
The performance of life in Chinese opera uses a kind of"
Take the meaning rather than the form
"The way, such as Chinese painting
Freehand landscape
Use vertical and horizontal strokes to reflect all the good things in life. Therefore, on the opera stage, there are Guan Yu with a red face and Cao Cao with a white face; With a long song cry, long sleeves good dance; There are no flowers and trees of spring, no rivers of waves.
4.
As a stage art, Chinese opera needs to face the contradiction between the narrow stage and the broad life. Chinese opera does not use the principle of "three unities" to squeeze life for expression. But the use of virtual means to create flexible time and space, and with the help of the actor's vivid performance and the audience's imagination and understanding, to complete the painting of the vast world. Therefore, opera can create the illusion of night under bright lights, and can ride a horse and boat on an empty stage.
