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Renhe
A secondary tributary of the upper Han River on the left bank of the Yangtze River
unfoldThree entries with the same name
Ren River, left bank of the Yangtze River secondary tributary
Han River
The largest upstream tributary, originating in Chongqing
Entrance to a city gate
Wuxi and Shaanxi Province
Zhenpyong
The "three trees" of Dayan Mountain (ancient name Wanqing Mountain) at the junction of three counties.
Ba Mountain
北麓紫阳县城汇入汉江。
Ren River Basin is one of the origins of Qinba culture, the early base of the Chinese revolution, and also an important waterway in Qinba Mountain area. It is an important water conservation area of Danjiangkou Reservoir in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the middle route of the national South-to-North Water Diversion project. It is located in the Qinba Mountain area, with beautiful environment and the reputation of "Renhe Fairyland".
- Chinese name
- Renhe
- alias
- Renhe, Dazhu River, Chengkou River, Waiquan River
- Drainage system
- A tributary of the Yangtze River and the Han River
- Geographical position
- Chongqing, Sichuan, Shaanxi border
- Flow area
- 城口区、万源县、紫阳县
- cradle
- Daeonsan
- Main tributary
- Zhuxi River , Kwon River] Lanxi River
- Length of river
- 211.4 km
- Area product
- 4,871 square kilometers
- estuary
- 陕西紫阳县城南
Ren River originates from Chengkou of Chongqing
Dong 'an
It is 211.4 km long, commonly known as 700 Li. The average width of the basin is 20-25 square kilometers, with a total area of 4,871 square kilometers.
[1-2]
Ren River location and basin diagram
Renhe source Chengkou County Dongan Township Chaoyang village
Renhe (Renhe) Chengkou County (Ge town) section
In Chengkou County, the Qing Dynasty built Chengkou Hall used to be called Jiujiang, after the establishment of the hall changed its name to Chengkou River, at the beginning of the founding of the new name Renhe. From the source, flows through Dongan, Gaowang, Xiuqi, Gecheng, Fuxing, Longtian, Bashan 7 townships (streets) 41 villages (communities), as for the river township Chaixikou to Wanyuan County east boundary. The direction of flow is southeast to northwest. The county has a length of 128 kilometers and a drainage area of 2,360.74 square kilometers. The annual flow rate is 63.4 m3 / s. The average width of the riverbed is 150 meters, and the riverbed gradient is 9.7‰.
[2-3]
A section of Dazhu Town, Wanyuan County, Renhe
在万源市境内，任河自南向北流经钟停乡、紫溪乡、庙坡乡、白果乡等乡镇，进入紫阳县。
[4]
任河汉江交汇和紫阳县城任河嘴
The river bed is narrow and the width of the river is 100-150 meters. The normal water level is 50 ~ 80 meters wide.
[1]
[5]
Rivers in China generally flow from northwest to southeast; However, Ren River flows in the opposite direction, flowing from southeast to northwest, crossing Bashan, and turning to northeast in Qingjing Township. Most of the main stream is located in the canyon area, and many reaches form symmetrical V-shaped river valleys. The V-shape of the valley section is characteristic of the early rivers. The flow of the opposite direction is caused by the special geological background of this young water system. Around the time of the Himalayan Movement, the Daba Mountains, originally located in the trough of the sea, gradually rose and raised, increasing the erosion of the river, creating a unique modern flow and wonders across the Basan Mountains.
Ren River with its valleys and beaches, and the mountain peaks and peaks of the Bashan partner, together to form a magnificent landscape. In the upper and middle reaches of the Renhe River, Chengkou, Wanyuan County, there are Gray Dragon Gorge, Qinglong Gorge, Pingbahe Gorge and other grand canyons, and the Sanli Gorge at the Sichuan-Shaanxi junction is the most spectacular among them. Thirty Mile Gorge is also known as Mulan Gorge. From the southeast to the northwest, Ren River broke through the Daba ridge, and the waves ran 10 kilometers, and the flow beach reached 28 places.
[1]
据下游紫阳县水文资料，任河平均比降2.23‰，落差126.9米，年均径流量41.3亿立方米，水力资源理论蕴藏量13.29万千瓦，可开发3.27万千瓦。
[5]
No ice phenomenon, the larger river has never been cut off naturally, and the bottom is clear, only cloudy in the rainy season.
[6]
Pingba River, Ren River left bank of the first class tributary, originated in Chongqing Chengkou County
Miaoba town
The main stream is 32 kilometers long, and the rainwater collection area above the junction estuary is 392 square kilometers, and the exploitable water resources are 35,000 kilowatts. By 2013, five installations with a total installed capacity of 6,560 kW have been built, three are under construction with a total installed capacity of 8,190 kW, and one (Weitai Power Station) is in the demonstration stage.
[7]
Lanxi River, originating from Sanhe Village, Lantian Township, Chengkou County, Chongqing, is a tributary of the right bank of the Ren River, with a drainage area of 142.3 square kilometers and a river length of 27 kilometers. Has flowed through the red bank village, Lanxi village, Xingyue Village, Renqiao village, Lanshan village, in Xiuqi town East River village into the Ren River.
[8]
Shixi River, originating from the north foot of Miyuzhen, Yunfeng Village, Houping Township, Chengkou County, has a watershed elevation of 1400m-2509 meters, a watershed area of 164.1 square kilometers, a main channel length of 38.2 kilometers, an average river gradient of 23.8 ‰, and an average annual runoff of 135 million cubic meters.
[9]
There are 7 tributaries in Wanyuan City: Yan River, Ginko River, Dong Trough River, Xiaolan River, Miaozi River, Miaopo River, Wangjia River.
Zhu River, the largest tributary of Ren River, originates from the east slope of Xingzi Mountain in Zhenba County, and the upstream tributaries are Zhongzhu River and Dachichuan River respectively. The total length of the main stream is 125.1 km (27.4 km within the county).
The main stream is 28 kilometers long and the drainage area is 120.85 square kilometers. The gradient of the river bed is 62‰.
The drainage area is 55 square kilometers.
It flows through Wa Temple, Baoping, Maoba 3 townships, and flows into Ren River at Wujiaba. It has a total length of 41.1 kilometers and a drainage area of 161.69 square kilometers.
The main stream is 33.4 kilometers long, and the total drainage area is 262 square kilometers (102 square kilometers within the county).
In the tributaries of Ren River, there are four rivers with a length of more than 10 kilometers and a watershed area of more than 25 square kilometers: Qingslate River, Yuxi River, Zhuwa River and Huanggu River.
[1]
The upper, middle and lower reaches of the Ren River have their own names.
[1]
In Chengkou County, the Qing Dynasty built Chengkou Hall used to be called Jiujiang (it is said that because of the integration of nine tributaries, so the name), after the establishment of the hall was renamed Chengkou River, and at the beginning of the new country, it was renamed Renhe. Wanyuan County is also known as the big bamboo River, North River. The downstream Shaanxi is called Ren River and Waiquan River (mostly referring to Bajiao Estuary to Quan River).
[3]
Ren River a, the Northern Wei Li Daoyuan "Water book Notes" volume 27 contained: "(Guangcheng County) county governing Wang Valley, valley road south out of Ba Liao, there are salt Wells." Guangcheng County was established in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The Ming History records: "Taiping County, Dazhou... Ren estuary is also known as "fish breast valley mouth". "Notes on the Book of Water" said: "The Hanshui River and the eastern mouth of the fish breast Valley, the old Xicheng, Guangcheng two counties, refers to this valley and the boundary." Mr. Deng Shaoqin, an expert in Bashi history, believes that the Renhe River is Pengxi of the "Water Classics · Mianshui Notes", which is the place where the Pangluan Barbarian people live.
The name of Ren River, before the Ming Dynasty, appeared in the Ming History. There are many Ren names in the lower reaches of Ren River, and people think that Ren River is named after it. However, both the Shi Ji Qin Ben Ji and the Chronology of the Six States recorded that "in the thirteenth year of Kanggu of King Zhaoxiang of Qin (294 BC), Ren Bi served as the commander of the Han Dynasty." Ren Bi "secure the Ba people, defend the Chu people", compensate the families of the Ba people and the Chu war killed, named the fallen Ba leaders as "white tiger God" to build a temple. Ren Bi also claimed to be "the ancient country, after too hobart, Yun Nuwa born", leading to participate in the activities of the Ba people ancestor worship, in accordance with the Ba people's ancient style, enhanced the cohesion and goodness of the Ba people. Ren Bi had a great influence on ancient Badi in the upper reaches of the Hanshui River. Whether the name "Ren He" came from Ren Bi may be reexamined.
"Water book notes" records: "County King Valley, valley road south out of Ba Liao, there are salt Wells. Cannibalism makes people sick." The word "hunt" means vicious looking and hunting at night, from "Shuowen" "hunt also". Ba Liao also refers to the Ba people and their living habits in ancient China.
According to the Annals of Shaanxi, "The Valley of the King is an error of the valley of the nonren." Ren Valley is the valley of the Ren River, which was an important communication route from Ankang Basin to northern Sichuan in ancient times. Ren River is now called Ren River." Wang Valley, is the wrong historical record of the Nongu, modern Ren River.
[10]
The upper reaches of Chengkou County of Chongqing are Micang Mountain and Daba Mountain, which are controlled by geological structure and lithology. The mountains spread from north west to south east. From the north to the south, there are five mountains: Daba Mountain, Niuxin Mountain, flag Pole Mountain, Bang Bang Liang, and Eight Tai Mountain. Among them are the peaks of 2000-2500 meters above sea level. The central flag pole Mountain is the watershed between the north and south water systems. Because the relative height difference of the valley is more than 1000 meters, and the valley slope is steep, the county landform has formed a four-level Yi thousand faces, descending layer by layer from north to south. There are four levels of river valley with an altitude of 2200-2400 meters, 1800-2000 meters, 1100-1400 meters and 600-800 meters. The top planation surface is widely distributed at 2300 to 2500 meters above sea level. From southwest to northeast, the ridge and valley are formed, and the relative height difference is large. The stratified landform is obvious, and the stratified structure is W shape. There are negative landforms of melt erosion valley and melt erosion depression to the south of the flag pole Mountain. Class 3-4 terraces are generally developed in the Renhe Valley. The highest point is bald mountain, 2685.7 meters above sea level, the lowest point is 481.5 meters above sea level along the river township, the county is on the high side in the south east and on the low side in the north west.
[11]
Daba Mountain is a famous mountain in China. It is a general name for the border mountains of Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi and Hubei provinces. Including Motianling Mountain, Micang Mountain, Wudang Mountain and Fenghuang Mountain. Ren River east, south of the Han River for the narrow sense of Daba Mountain, the southeast of the county is located in its north foot west section. The Daba Mountain within the county has a total area of about 1000 square kilometers, and 24 townships (towns) are distributed in the area; Donghe River is the boundary in the east, and Langao County area; West for the Ren River, with Micang Mountain across the river opposite; South to the Sichuan - Shaanxi border Daba ridge; North to the Han River. With an altitude of 280-2522 meters, there are 51 peaks above kilometers, and the peaks above 2000 meters in the county are distributed in the district. The highest peaks are the five bales on the Sichuan-Shaanxi border, followed by Chi朳 Daliang (2,279 meters), Jieling (2,260 meters), Da Sun Mountain (2,137 meters) and Zhongshan Zhai (2,118 meters). Many mountain streams develop in the Daba Ridge, and the north flow forms a terrain of deep canyons and steep mountains. The largest tributaries of the Han River in the region are Dong River, Yo River and Ren River, the larger tributaries of Kwon River, Rouxi River and Banxiang River. Micang Mountain is a part of Daba Mountain and is bounded by Ren River in the narrow sense of Daba Mountain. The southwest of the county is its eastern edge. The total area of Micang Mountain in the county is about 850 square kilometers, and 24 townships (towns) are distributed in the area. It is 285-1799 meters above sea level, and there are 47 peaks above kilometers, with Lao LAN Mountain as the highest. Water system development, rivers and streams flow from northwest to southeast, into the Ren River or Han River. The larger tributaries are Zhu River, Maliuba River, Zhuxi River, Mianyang River and so on.
[12]
Chengkou County, the upper reaches of the Sichuan basin, belongs to the north subtropical mountain climate, the subtropical monsoon climate area. Because the mountain is high and the valley is deep, the height difference is large, and the mountain has the characteristics of three-dimensional climate. The main climatic characteristics are: mild climate, abundant rainfall, sufficient sunshine, four distinct seasons, long winter and short summer. Spring temperature rise quickly, but unstable, often "cold spring" weather appeared; Summer precipitation concentration, July and August more drought, before and after the flood; Autumn cooling fast, many continuous rainy weather; Winter is long and low in temperature. The annual average temperature is 13.8℃. The inter-annual change is relatively stable. The average annual maximum temperature is 14.5℃ and the minimum temperature is 13.0℃. The average frost-free period is 234 days, the average annual rainfall days are 166 days, and the average annual sunshine duration is 1534 hours. The average annual precipitation is 1261.4 mm, and the precipitation trend is decreasing from southwest to northeast. The average annual wind speed is 0.2 m/s, and the wind direction is mostly southwest wind.
Chengkou is located in Daba Mountain, the altitude difference is large, different geographical locations have a certain impact on the climate. Spring and summer are delayed with the increase of mountain height, and autumn and winter are advanced and extended with the increase of mountain height. The climatic conditions are better in the low and middle mountain areas. In the case of the same altitude, the annual average temperature in the southernmost area of Chengkou is about 1 degree higher than that in the northernmost area. The southern region has more rainfall than the northern region.
The terrain is high in the southwest and low in the northeast, forming the basic outline of "three mountains, two valleys and one river"; The Han River runs from west to east, and the Ren River flows into the Han River from south to north. The two river valleys divide the county into the Daba Mountain area in the southeast, the Micang Mountain area in the southwest, the Phoenix Mountain area in the north and the Haoping River Road in the east. The county because of the north Qinling Mountain and Phoenix Mountain two mountains blocking the northwest cold current, the south has Ren valley to transport southwest heating, so there is no summer heat, winter without cold. Due to the large relative height difference of the mountain, it shows three-dimensional climate characteristics. The average annual temperature in the low mountain valley area is 15.1℃, the average annual rainfall is 1127.8 mm, the humidity index is 1.94, the average annual sunshine is 1606.8 hours, the percentage of sunshine is 36%, the accumulated temperature of 10℃ is 4669℃, and the frost-free period is 268 days, which belongs to the north subtropical humid monsoon climate. The temperature, sunshine and frost-free period in the middle and high mountain areas decrease with the elevation. There is a significant difference between the high mountain area above 1800 meters and the middle and low mountain area.
[13]
Chengkou County in the upper reaches of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Chongqing three provinces (city) junction, located in the northeast edge of Chongqing, Qin Ba County. After a directly under the Xuanhan, Taiping and other counties, Ming Ming inspection Department set up the city gate of the people's house. Set up Chengkou experience department. Chengkou Hall was set up in Daoguang two years of Qing Dynasty, and Chengkou Hall was changed to Chengkou County in two years of Republic of China. In 1998, it was directly administered by Chongqing Municipality.
[14]
In 2016, the GDP of the region was 4511.55 million yuan, the added value of the primary industry was 829.91 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry was 2067.04 million yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 1614.6 million yuan. The annual per capita GDP was 24,400 yuan (about 3673 US dollars). The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery reached 130.201 million yuan, and the total output value of industries above designated size reached 818 million yuan. The total investment in fixed assets reached 8.566 billion yuan, and the budget revenue of general public finance reached 313.63 million yuan. The per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 22,974 yuan and that of rural residents reached 7,946 yuan.
[15]
Wanyuan City is a national restricted development zone and an important ecological functional area, a key county in the national poverty alleviation and development work, and a pilot county in the province's power expansion.
[16]
Because it is located in Wanqing pool and water source, it is named Wanyuan. It is an important commodity distribution center in the northeast border of Sichuan Province. Xia Shang Liangzhou, Zhou Yongzhou area, spring and autumn Warring States belongs to Ba, after the calendar belongs to Xuanhan, Zengkou, Dongxiang and other counties. Ming Taiping County, the Republic of China three years (1914) because of the same name with Anhui Taiping County, changed to Wanyuan County. In July 1993, with the approval of The State Council, Wanyuan County and Baisha Industrial and agricultural Area were abolished and merged to establish Wanyuan City.
[17]
In 2017, the city achieved a gross regional product (GDP) of 13635.13 million yuan, the added value of the primary industry of 3036.49 million yuan, the added value of the secondary industry of 419.803 million yuan, and the added value of the tertiary industry of 640.61 million yuan. The total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the year was 498.03 million yuan, and there were 43 industrial enterprises above designated size. The added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 8.1% over the previous year. The total industrial output value reached 579332 million yuan, the annual local public financial revenue reached 391.23 million yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 25,585 yuan, and the per capita disposable income of rural residents was 9,047 yuan.
[18]
From the middle of the 3rd century to the 5th century, there were two counties, Weiming and Ningdu, and three counties, Ningdu, Hanyang and Guangcheng.
[19]
The county is named the "Hometown of Chinese Folk art" by the Ministry of Culture.
[20]
In 2018, the annual GDP reached 10.365 billion yuan; Total investment in fixed assets was 11.181 billion yuan; General public budget revenue of 108 million yuan; The income of urban and rural residents reached 24,380 yuan and 9,160 yuan.
[21]
Ren River and its main tributaries Zhu River, Maliuba River, Quan River along the coast, is the county tea, ramie, raw paint concentrated production. Along the coast, there are Ma Liu Ba, Maoba Pass, high beach, High bridge, Wafangdian, Red Chun Ba and other natural towns.
[1]
In 1933, the Red Army established a base area in Chuanshan, where the Soviet government of Chengkou County was established, and it was one of the important market towns in Wanyuan. Dazhu River for Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei trade materials must pass through and transfer station, Dazhuchang town is known as "small Wuhan".
[10]
There are some interesting place names in Dazhou, some are named after mountains, some are named after canyons, and some are named after plants and animals. There is a place in Wanyuan called Ren River, but it is named after the river, tracing the origin of the place name, there is a beautiful legend.
Ren River is a tributary of the Han River, originating in Baishui Cave, Chengkou County, Chongqing, and flowing through Dazhu River District, Wanyuan City. According to legend, the white water cave was originally a trickle of small river gully, can only provide drinking water for a few local families, a drought, crops will be damaged, farmers had to pray for rain, in order to protect the harvest. One year, the crops died in the great drought, and the people searched for food everywhere, even the wild fruit could not be found, and many people starved to death. One morning, a boy named Luzzo went up to the mountain to cut wood, and suddenly found a bright and smooth thing under a fallen leaf. Because he was so hungry, he had no time to look at it, so he picked it up and swallowed it. Did not expect this thing turned out to be a "pearl", swallowed into the stomach not only hungry, and especially thirsty, then quickly ran home to drink water, his mother saw that the water in the tank was almost finished, he was surprised to ask: "The child how you are so thirsty, is it a strange disease." Mother asked again and again, but he did not answer. Because of his thirst, Luzzo went to the white water cave to drink water. While he was drinking, suddenly there was a loud noise, and a huge current burst out from the crack in the stone and rushed towards him. He quickly got up and turned around and ran, but the water also flowed to where he ran. Hearing the sound, the mother hurried out to see her son. Seeing the flood surrounded her son, she was frightened and burst into tears. But Luzzo did not dare to run home for fear that the water would drown his mother, but he thought of his lonely mother, so he stopped for a moment and looked back at his mother who was standing in front of the house crying. Who knew that every time he stopped, a deep pool formed at his feet, and he looked back 24 times, so there were 24 "Wangniang pools" in the Ren River.
Where Luzo ran, became a swamp, destroyed countless farmland, drowned a lot of villagers, when people are at a loss, the Jade Emperor just sent heaven to see the people, that day the master learned that the cause of the disaster is because Luzo swallowed a thousand years of cultivation of the fox spirit lost "pearl", heaven immediately reported to the Jade Emperor, the Jade Emperor then summoned to rescue the Goddess of Mercy, Send her down to clean up the mess. At this time, Luzzo became a hungry and anorexic drinking "monster." So Guanyin Bodhisattva dressed as an old woman selling pasta, came to the bank of the Hanshui River, Luzo smelled the fragrance of pasta, saw that there were many people to eat, and aroused his appetite, but after he ate noodles, his heart suddenly a tight, stomach more and more swollen, like a chain locked, very uncomfortable. Guanyin Bodhisattva said to him: "You were originally a good man who cut wood, just because you mistakenly swallowed the 'pearl of the night', alarmed the dragon God, caused floods, hurt innocent people, theoretically should be punished, but read you are a filial son, let you live." After Luzzo was saved, he showed more filial respect to his mother, did many good things for the village, and was loved by the villagers.
The fox spirit cultivated for thousands of years was also subdued by the Jade Emperor, and could not harm people in the world. And the place where Luzzo ran also became a river, so people named it Ren River (also known as the human River), and turned this river into a benefit, for the benefit of a people.
[22]
Bashan reservoir
Bashan Reservoir, is a large (II) type reservoir, the dam is located 1 km upstream of Basanchang town, the maximum dam height of 155 meters, for the concrete face rockfill dam. The water collection area above the dam site is 1,712 square kilometers, with a total storage capacity of 315 million cubic meters. The normal storage level of the reservoir is 680.00 meters, with a corresponding storage capacity of 293 million cubic meters. The dead water level is 650 meters, with a corresponding storage capacity of 150 million cubic meters. The designed flood level of the reservoir is 681.79 meters, and the checked flood level is 683.66 meters. The reservoir is mainly based on power generation, the installed capacity of the power station is 140 MW, the guaranteed output is 24.12 MW, the average annual power generation is 449.8 million KWH for many years, and the design annual utilization hours of the power station are 3213. At the same time, both improve the ecological environment and other comprehensive utilization functions, the establishment of Bashan Lake National Wetland Park.
[23]
It was put into operation in August 2009.
[24]
The planned power station has six places, including Ranjiawo, Gaotan, Mingjiahe, Quanhekou, Baihekou and Hongchun Dam, with an installed capacity of about 20,000 kilowatts.
[5]
The tributary Pingba River has built five with a total installed capacity of 6560 kW, three with a total installed capacity of 8190 kW are under construction, and one (Weitai Power Station) is in the demonstration stage.
[7]
Baiyang Creek Power Station, located on the Wanyuan Ren River, began construction in October 2006 and was completed in October 2008, with a total investment of 240 million yuan. The hydropower station, with an installed capacity of 35,200 kilowatts, is a water conservancy project integrating flood control, irrigation and disaster resistance.
[25]
The power plant is located on the left bank of the Ren River, 1.0 km away from the upstream dam site. The dam foundation foundation height is 363 meters, the dam top height is 427 meters, the maximum dam height is 64 meters, the normal water level is 412 meters, the total storage capacity is 22.3 million cubic meters, the regulated storage capacity is 2.64 million cubic meters, the daily regulation reservoir, the total length of water diversion tunnel and pressure pipeline is 0.8 kilometers, the designed reference flow rate is 104 cubic meters per second, the maximum power generation head is 31.86 meters, Three 80,000-kilowatt water turbine generating units were installed, with a total installed capacity of 24,000 kilowatts, and the guaranteed power generation was 3967 kilowatts, with an average annual power generation of 98.512 million KWH.
Gaoqiao Power Station, located in the middle reaches of the Quan River tributary, about 500 meters away from Gaoqiao Nature Town. It is a diversion type power station with the power from the West River, a tributary of the Quan River. Construction began in 1958 and production began in 1959. Initial use of wood rotary pulp turbine and 20 kW generator. In 1970, the equipment was updated with a 75 kW turbine generator set. At the end of 1985, the original value of fixed assets was 100,000 yuan.
[26]
|
Distribution area
|
Number of power stations
|
Number of installed units
|
Capacity (kW)
|
|---|---|---|---|
|
Maoba District
|
23
|
26
|
1088
|
|
High beach region
|
10
|
10
|
481
|
|
Gaoqiao District
|
13
|
13
|
363
|
|
Hongchun District
|
2
|
2
|
66
|
[26]
In the upper reaches of Chengkou County, except for the section from Gaowang to the county seat, wooden boats can be passed, and the remaining sections of the river are all because of the steep beach, many rocks, and no shipping value.
[2]
The upper reaches of the Ren River are mostly used for the exile of bamboo rafts, and the lower reaches can pass 3-6 tons of wooden sailing boats. After the 1970s, the river gradually silted up and the channel was abandoned.
[27]
The Republic of China and before, Dazhu River area of material exports mainly rely on water transport, Chuan Yan and Da County (Dazhou city) yellow watch paper from Xuanhan Guandu (Xinhua Town), rely on human shoulders over Jingzhu Mountain, Chong day view, Ma Bin Ling and sheep jumping rock mountain canyon 120 miles to Dazhu River, and then water transport to Shaanxi or Hubei. The export of tung and tea in the northwest of Chengkou County and the north of Wanyuan is also transported by the Dazhu River. Hubei, Shaanxi cotton, cloth, Anhui medicinal materials (poria, amomum, coptis, bacchus, areca nut, rehmannia) and Sichuan pepper were transported to Dazhu River by water after landing human and animal power transfer to eastern Sichuan. It is said that "a yellow dragon goes out of the river and a white dragon goes into the river", which means that yellow watch paper is transferred from the big bamboo River to Shaanxi, and Shaanxi cotton is transported by water to the big bamboo River for distribution.
Before the Qing Dynasty Xianfeng years, there were foreign businessmen in Dazhuchang Town to establish a business, build a hall, and there was a "million merchants gathered" wooden plaque hanging on the pier in the middle street. From 1921 to 1948, there were "Tongyi", "Huai Ji", "Sheng Xing Association", "Long hair" and "Xing Shun". Among them, Cheng Changfa's "long hair" warehouse and "Xing Shun" warehouse have managers, accounting Mr. About dozens to more than 100 people. Ren River, the masts are connected to the sail, more than 300 sailing wooden boats a day, boatmen and shipping capacity of more than 2000 people a day, the annual cargo throughput of about 10,000 tons, it can be said that the market is prosperous, business is booming. After the passage of the Three Gorges steamship, the materials entering and leaving the Ren River have been reduced, salt, cotton, yellow table, black tea, medicinal materials still pass through here. After the opening of Han-Yu Highway and Xiang-yu Railway, the water navigation of Ren River gradually disappeared.
[10]
Bayan to the north, mainly take the Ren river road. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the former, middle and later Sanhe salt farms, including Wentang well salt distribution in Kaixian County, were under the jurisdiction of Dazhou Nanchang Tan Tuoshi. Ming Chenghua years of toast change flow, toast ran home still franchised salt until the Republic of China years. Ran home salt shop all over the place, only Wan Yuan Luo Wen first had Xuan Han Ran home "light Yu Gong", after Liu Wancheng's "concentric blessing", He Dai Mountain's "Xietai Xiang", Fu Zexian's "Xinyi" and other salt shops. In the early years of the Republic of China, Ran home salt store withdrawal.
During the Ming and Qing dynasties, passenger ships sailed directly from Dazhu River to Wuhan. Dazhu Town used to be an important port station for Ren River shipping, and is one of the four famous ancient towns in Sichuan and Shaanxi, known as "Little Wuhan". At that time, the ancient town was bustling and lively, and merchants gathered in various roads. The agricultural and sideline local products such as tea, walnuts, raw paint, and traditional Chinese medicine villages and Ba salt from Daba Mountain continuously came out of the river from here, and a boatload of daily materials such as cloth, kerosene, and white goods and paper were exchanged for Bashan Mountain. During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, salt was difficult in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, so the Qing government took Ba salt and shipped it out from the Ren River by wooden boats. At the mouth of the Mu LAN Gorge in the lower reaches of the Ren River, a memorial tablet was left at that time. During the Anti-Japanese War, Haiyan was blocked by the Japanese army, and the nationalist government adopted "Chuan Yan Ji Chu". In 1948, in order to sell green salt, the Northwest Salt Bureau banned Sichuan salt from entering Shaanxi, and the operation of Renhe Salt Road was terminated.
[10]
The rock is 5498.17 cubic meters, the stone is 1162.23 cubic meters, and the towpath is repaired at 31 places, with a total of 2689 meters, so that the water depth reaches 0.5 meters, the width of the navigation trough is 7-9 meters, and the bending radius reaches 30-60 meters, which ADAPTS to the needs of wooden ship transportation.
After the initial treatment of the Renhe waterway, the freight rate was reduced by 18% ~ 25% due to the increase of load and sailing speed. More than 200 tons of tea are shipped annually, which can save more than 100,000 yuan of freight. Due to the removal of the most dangerous beach in the upper reaches of the Ren River, the obstacles of the Mulian River Beach, the Marine accidents have been greatly reduced, such as only 26 Marine accidents in 1957, which is more than 2/3 less than 90 in 1952. North Sichuan area (such as Chengkou, Wanyuan and other places) annual transport volume of more than 3,000 tons of mountain goods, tea and other materials can be successfully shipped out, prosperity of the mountain economy. After the renovation of the Ren River, the number of trips was reduced to 11, and the round-trip voyage was reduced to 19 days. Load capacity increased from 4 tons to 5 ~ 6 tons. As a result, the freight rate has been reduced from 175.08 yuan per ton (the whole process) to 164.10 yuan, saving 10.98 yuan per ton. Only after the Mulian Cave Beach is no longer moved, the beach fee will be reduced by 2 yuan per ton of goods.
1958年12月，紫阳县水陆运输公司抽调24名工人，整治任河浅滩32处，炸礁石44立方米，完工的当天，就有4只木船共运食盐1.2万斤到葛家坪，群众敲锣打鼓庆贺航道恢复船运，给当地人民群众带来了幸福。
In 1962, the inland waterway Navigation Administration of Ankang Special Zone allocated 660,000 yuan for channel maintenance to control the Bajiaokou and Guanyinzhai sections of the Renhe River. Since the Ren River is unimpeded after treatment, Ankang region has imposed a river maintenance fee of 2% of wooden ship freight revenue since 1970.
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